Display device

Abstract

The present application relates to a display device, which includes a display panel having a first substrate, a second substrate and a light-emitting element layer. The light-emitting element layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and is configured to emit light in a direction toward the second substrate. A first sound generator is arranged on a first surface of the first substrate and is configured to vibrate the display panel to output a first sound. A first heat dissipation film is arranged between the first substrate and the first sound generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a display device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of the information society, the demand for display devices configured to display images has increased and diversified. For example, display devices have been included in various electronic devices including smart phones, digital cameras, notebook computers, navigation devices, smart televisions (TVs), etc. Examples of display devices include flat panel display devices such as liquid crystal display (LCD) devices, field emission display (FED) devices, organic light emitting diode (OLED) display devices, etc.

[0003] The display device may include a display panel for displaying an image and a speaker for providing sound. The sound may preferably be output from the speaker in the front direction of the display device to improve the sound quality. However, due to the limited space of the display device, the speaker is usually arranged at the rear or on one side of the display panel. This causes the display device to output low-quality sound. Summary of the invention

[0004] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure may provide a display device capable of improving sound quality by vibrating a display panel and thereby outputting sound in a front direction thereof.

[0005] According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a display device includes a display panel having a first substrate, a second substrate, and a light-emitting element layer. The light-emitting element layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and configured to emit light in a direction toward the second substrate. A first sound generator is arranged on a first surface of the first substrate and configured to vibrate the display panel to output a first sound. A first heat dissipation film is arranged between the first substrate and the first sound generator.

[0006] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept, a display device includes a display panel. A first sound generator is arranged on a first surface of the display panel and is configured to vibrate the display panel to output sound. A first heat dissipation film is arranged between the display panel and the first sound generator. The first heat dissipation film includes a hole overlapping with the first sound generator.

[0007] According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a display device includes a display panel. The display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and a light-emitting element layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. A heat dissipation film is arranged on the first substrate. The heat dissipation film includes a heat dissipation layer and at least one vibration transfer layer. At least one sound generator is arranged on the heat dissipation film and configured to vibrate the first substrate to output sound through at least one vibration transfer layer of the heat dissipation film. The display panel serves as a diaphragm for generating sound.

[0008] According to the foregoing and other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, since the first sound generator uses the display panel as a diaphragm to output the first sound, the sound can be output in the front direction of the display device, and therefore, the quality of the sound can be improved. Moreover, due to the first sound generator, the speaker can be omitted from the rear or side of the display panel.

[0009] In addition, since a plurality of sound generators are provided on one surface of the display panel, multi-channel stereo sound can be provided to the user.

[0010] In addition, since the heat dissipation through hole can be formed on the first heat dissipation film to overlap with the first sound generator, the heat generated by the first sound generator can be effectively released through the heat dissipation through hole. Accordingly, the influence of the heat generated by the first sound generator on the display panel can be minimized by the first heat dissipation film.

[0011] Furthermore, since the second heat dissipation film is further disposed between the first heat dissipation film and the first sound generator, the heat generated by the first sound generator can be further blocked by the second heat dissipation film, and thus can be prevented from affecting the display panel.

[0012] Other features and exemplary embodiments may be apparent from the following detailed description, the accompanying drawings, and the appended claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The above and other embodiments and features of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0014] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a display device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0015] Figure 2 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 An exploded perspective view of a display device;

[0016] Figure 3 is a diagram showing an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept Figure 2 a side view of an exemplary display panel of;

[0017] Figure 4 is a diagram showing an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a display area of ​​a display panel;

[0018] Figure 5 is a bottom view showing a display device having a flexible film in a non-bending orientation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;

[0019] Figure 6is a bottom view showing a display device having a flexible film in a bent orientation according to an exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept;

[0020] Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view illustrating a first sound generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0021] Figure 8 is an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept. Figure 7 A cross-sectional view taken along line II';

[0022] Fig.9A and Fig. 9B is a diagram showing an exemplary embodiment according to the inventive concept. Figure 7 and Figure 8 a side view of vibration of the display panel caused by the first sound generator;

[0023] Fig.10 is a perspective view illustrating a first sound generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0024] Fig.11 According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention Fig.10 a cross-sectional view of a first sound generator;

[0025] Fig.12 is a diagram showing an exemplary embodiment according to the inventive concept arranged in Fig.10 and Fig.11 A schematic diagram of vibration of a vibration layer between a first branch electrode and a second branch electrode of a first sound generator;

[0026] Fig.13A and Fig. 13B is a diagram showing an exemplary embodiment according to the inventive concept. Fig.10 and Fig.11 a side view of vibration of the display panel caused by the first sound generator;

[0027] Fig.14 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0028] Fig.15 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0029] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B are a side view and a bottom view, respectively, of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0030] Fig.17is an exploded perspective view illustrating a third sound generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0031] Fig.18 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0032] Fig.19 is a graph showing a sound pressure level at each frequency of a sound generated by a sound generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0033] Fig. 20 is a diagram showing an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept Figure 2 a side view of an exemplary display panel of;

[0034] FIG. 21A to FIG. 21E is a bottom view showing a bobbin and a heat dissipation through hole of a first sound generator according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0035] Fig. 22 is an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept. Fig.21A A cross-sectional view taken along line III-III';

[0036] Fig.23 is an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept. Fig.21A A cross-sectional view taken along line III-III';

[0037] Fig.24A is a plan view illustrating a first sound generator and a second heat dissipation film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0038] Fig. 24B and Fig.24C is an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept. Fig.24A A cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV';

[0039] Fig.25 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a first sound generator and a first heat dissipation film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0040] Fig.26A is a plan view illustrating a first sound generator and a heat dissipation layer of a first heat dissipation film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0041] Fig.26B , Fig. 27 and Fig.28 is an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept. Fig.26A A cross-sectional view taken along line V-V';

[0042] Fig.29Ais a plan view illustrating an exemplary first sound generator, an exemplary second sound generator, and an exemplary heat dissipation layer of an exemplary first heat dissipation film according to an exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0043] Fig.29B is an exemplary embodiment according to the present inventive concept. Fig.29A A cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI';

[0044] Fig. 30A and Fig. 30B are a side view and a bottom view, respectively, of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0045] Fig.31 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept;

[0046] Fig.32 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present inventive concept; and

[0047] Fig.33 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The present invention will now be described more fully below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing exemplary embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals indicate the same components. In the accompanying drawings, the thickness of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.

[0049] It will also be understood that when a layer is referred to as being “on” another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being “directly on” another element, there are no intervening elements present.

[0050] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 3 , the display device 10 will be described below as, for example, an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display device. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto. For example, in some exemplary embodiments, the display device 10 may be a micro light emitting diode (LED) display device or an inorganic LED display device using an inorganic semiconductor (e.g., an inorganic LED).

[0052] The display device 10 may include a cover frame 100 , a display panel 110 , a source driving circuit 121 , a flexible film 122 , a source circuit board 140 , a flexible cable 150 , a control circuit board 160 , and a timing control circuit 170 .

[0053] As used herein, the terms “above”, “top” and “top surface” refer to the direction in which the second substrate 112 of the display panel 110 is arranged relative to the first substrate 111 of the display panel 110 (for example, the Z-axis direction). As used herein, the terms “below”, “bottom” and “bottom surface” refer to the direction in which the first substrate 111 is arranged relative to the second substrate 112 (that is, the direction opposite to the Z-axis direction). As used herein, the terms “left”, “right”, “up” and “down” refer to the corresponding directions viewed from above the display panel 110. For example, the term “left” refers to the X-axis direction, the term “right” refers to the direction opposite to the X-axis direction, the term “down” may refer to the Y-axis direction, and the term “up” may refer to the direction opposite to the Y-axis direction.

[0054] The cover frame 100 may be arranged to cover the edge of the display panel 110. The cover frame 100 may cover the non-display area of ​​the display panel 110. The cover frame 100 may not cover the display area of ​​the display panel 110. Specifically, Figure 2 As shown in , the cover frame 100 may include an upper cover 101 and a lower cover 102. In an exemplary embodiment, the upper cover 101 may cover the edge of the top surface of the display panel 110, and the lower cover 102 may cover the bottom surface and side surfaces of the display panel 110. The upper cover 101 and the lower cover 102 may be coupled to each other via a fixing member. The upper cover 101 and the lower cover 102 may be formed of plastic or metal, or may include both plastic and metal.

[0055] In an exemplary embodiment, in a plan view, the display panel 110 may have a rectangular shape. For example, in a plan view, the display panel 110 may have a rectangular shape, its relatively long sides extend in a first direction (e.g., X-axis direction), and its relatively short sides extend in a second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction). The angle where the long side and the short side intersect may be a right angle or a rounded angle. However, the planar shape of the display panel 110 is not particularly limited. Accordingly, in an exemplary embodiment, the display panel 110 may be formed into various other shapes, such as a polygonal shape, a circular shape, or an elliptical shape other than a rectangular shape.

[0056] Figure 2 The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 includes a flat display panel 110. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto, and the display panel 110 may be formed to be curved with a predetermined curvature.

[0057] The display panel 110 may include a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 112. The first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 may be formed to be rigid or flexible. In an exemplary embodiment, the first substrate 111 may be formed of glass or plastic, and the second substrate 112 may be formed of glass, plastic, an encapsulation film, or a barrier film. For example, each of the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 may include plastics such as polyethersulfone (PES), polyacrylate (PA), polyarylate (PAR), polyetherimide (PEI), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyallyl ester, polyimide (PI), polycarbonate (PC), cellulose triacetate (CAT), cellulose acetate propionate (CAP), or a combination thereof. For example, each of the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 may include an encapsulation film or a barrier film in which a plurality of inorganic films are stacked.

[0058] like Figure 3 As shown in , the display panel 110 may include a display layer 113 disposed between a first substrate 111 and a second substrate 112. Figure 4 As shown in , the display layer 113 may include a thin film transistor (TFT) layer TFTL, a light emitting element layer EML, a thin film encapsulation layer (TFEL) 305, a filler member FL, a light wavelength conversion layer QDL, and a color filter layer CFL. In an exemplary embodiment, the first substrate 111 may be a TFT substrate on which the TFT layer TFTL, the light emitting element layer EML, and the TFEL 305 are formed. The second substrate 112 may be a color filter substrate on which the light wavelength conversion layer QDL and the color filter layer CFL are formed. The filler member FL may be arranged between the TFEL 305 on the first substrate 111 and the light wavelength conversion layer QDL on the second substrate 112. Reference will be made later. Figure 4 The display layer 113 is described in more detail.

[0059] Since the first substrate 111 may have a larger size than the second substrate 112, one side of the first substrate 111 may not be covered by the second substrate 112 but may be exposed. The flexible film 122 may be attached to a portion of the first substrate 111 that is not covered by the second substrate 112. In an exemplary embodiment, the flexible film 122 may be a tape carrier package or a chip on film. The flexible film 122 may be attached to the first substrate 111 via an anisotropic conductive film using a tape automated bonding (TAB) method, and thus, the source driver circuit 121 may be connected to the data line.

[0060] The flexible film 122 may be bendable. For example, the flexible film 122 may be bent toward the bottom surface of the first substrate 111. Figure 6As shown in the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the source circuit board 140 , the flexible cable 150 , and the control circuit board 160 may be arranged on a bottom surface of the first substrate 111 .

[0061] exist Figure 2 In the exemplary embodiment shown in , eight flexible films 122 are attached on the first substrate 111 of the display panel 110. However, the number of flexible films 122 provided is not particularly limited.

[0062] The source driving circuit 121 may be attached to the flexible film 122. The source driving circuit 121 may be formed as an integrated circuit (IC). The source driving circuit 121 may convert digital video data into an analog data voltage according to a source control signal received from the timing control circuit 170. The source driving circuit 121 may provide the analog data voltage to the data line of the display panel 110 via the flexible film 122.

[0063] A first side of the flexible film 122 may be attached to the first substrate 111 of the display panel 110, and a second side of the flexible film 122 may be attached to the source circuit board 140. The source circuit board 140 may be connected to the control circuit board 160 via a flexible cable 150. The source circuit board 140 may include a first connector 151 for connecting the source circuit board 140 to the flexible cable 150. In an exemplary embodiment, the source circuit board 140 may be a printed circuit board (PCB) or a flexible PCB (FPCB).

[0064] The control circuit board 160 may be connected to the source circuit board 140 via the flexible cable 150. To this end, the control circuit board 160 may include a second connector 152 for connecting the control circuit board 160 to the flexible cable 150. The control circuit board 160 may be a PCB or an FPCB.

[0065] exist Figure 2 In the exemplary embodiment shown in , four flexible cables 150 are provided to connect the source circuit board 140 and the control circuit board 160. However, the number of the provided flexible cables 150 is not particularly limited. Figure 2 The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has two source circuit boards 140. However, the number of source circuit boards 140 provided is not particularly limited.

[0066] The timing control circuit 170 may be attached to the control circuit board 160. The timing control circuit 170 may be formed as an IC. The timing control circuit 170 may receive digital video data and a timing signal from the system on chip, and may generate a source control signal for controlling the timing of the source driving circuit 121 according to the timing signal.

[0067] The system on chip may be mounted on a system circuit board connected to the control circuit board 160 via a flexible cable and may be formed as an IC. The system on chip may be a processor of a smart TV (TV), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics card of a computer or notebook, an application processor of a smart phone or a tablet personal computer (PC), etc.

[0068] The power supply circuit may be additionally attached to the control circuit board 160. The power supply circuit may generate a voltage required to drive the display panel 110 based on the main power applied from the system circuit board. The power supply circuit may supply the generated voltage to the display panel 110. For example, the power supply circuit may generate a high potential voltage, a low potential voltage, and an initialization voltage for driving an OLED. The power supply circuit may provide the high potential voltage, the low potential voltage, and the initialization voltage to the display panel 110. The power supply circuit may also generate and supply a driving voltage for driving the source driving circuit 121 and the timing control circuit 170. The power supply circuit may be formed as an IC.

[0069] The first heat dissipation film 130 may be disposed on a surface of the first substrate 111 that does not face the second substrate 112. For example, the first heat dissipation film 130 may be disposed on the bottom surface of the first substrate 111. The first sound generator 210 may be disposed on a surface of the first heat dissipation film 130 that does not face the first substrate 111. For example, the first sound generator 210 may be disposed on the bottom surface of the first heat dissipation film 130.

[0070] The first heat dissipation film 130 diffuses heat generated by the voice coil of the first sound generator 210. In an exemplary embodiment, the first heat dissipation film 130 may include a layer of a material having high thermal conductivity such as graphite, silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or aluminum (Al).

[0071] The first heat dissipation film 130 may include a plurality of metal layers formed not in the third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction) but in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) and the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). In the present embodiment, the heat generated by the voice coil of the first sound generator 210 may be diffused in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) and the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) to effectively release the heat. The first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) may be the width direction of the display panel 110, the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) may be the height direction of the display panel 110, and the third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction) may be the thickness direction of the display panel 110. Accordingly, the influence of the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 on the display panel 110 may be minimized by the first heat dissipation film 130.

[0072] The relative thicknesses D1, D2, and D3 of the first heat dissipation film 130, the first substrate 111, and the second substrate 112 may be respectively configured to prevent the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 from affecting the display panel 110. For example, the thickness D1 of the first heat dissipation film 130 may be greater than the thickness D2 of the first substrate 111 and the thickness D3 of the second substrate 112.

[0073] exist Figure 3 In the exemplary embodiment shown in , the first heat dissipation film 130 covers the entire surface of the first substrate 111. However, exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept are not limited thereto.

[0074] Will refer to later Fig. 20 , Figure 23 to Figure 2 9. Fig. 30A , Fig. 30B and Figure 31 to Figure 33 The first heat dissipation film 130 is described in more detail.

[0075] The first sound generator 210 may be a vibration device that may be configured to vibrate the display panel 110 in a third direction (eg, the Z-axis direction). Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig.9A and Fig. 9B As shown in the exemplary embodiment shown in , the first sound generator 210 may be an exciter configured to vibrate the display panel 110 by generating a magnetic force using a voice coil. Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.13A and Fig. 13B As shown in the exemplary embodiment shown in , the first sound generator 210 may alternatively be a piezoelectric element that contracts or expands according to a voltage applied thereto and thereby vibrates the display panel 110. The display panel 110 may function as a diaphragm for outputting the first sound.

[0076] As mentioned above, according to Figures 1 to 3 In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the display device 10 may be configured to output the first sound using the display panel 110 as a diaphragm. Since the display device 10 can output the sound in its front direction, the quality of the output sound can be improved. In addition, due to the presence of the first sound generator 210, the speaker arranged on the bottom surface or the side of the typical display device can be omitted.

[0077] exist Figures 1 to 3In the exemplary embodiment shown in , the display device 10 may be a medium to large display device including a plurality of source drive circuits 121. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, the display device 10 may be a small display device including only one source drive circuit 121. In the present embodiment, the flexible film 122, the source circuit board 140, and the flexible cable 150 may not be provided. The source drive circuit 121 and the timing control circuit 170 may be incorporated into a single IC, and then may be attached to a single FPCB or to the second substrate 112 of the display panel 110. Examples of medium to large display devices include display screens, TVs, and the like. Examples of small display devices include smart phones, tablet PCs, and the like.

[0078] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary display region of an exemplary display panel.

[0079] Reference Figure 4 , the display panel 110 may include a first substrate 111 , a second substrate 112 , a TFT layer TFTL, a light emitting element layer EML, a TFEL 305 , a filler member FL, a light wavelength conversion layer QDL, and a color filter layer CFL.

[0080] The buffer film 302 may be formed on a surface of the first substrate 111 facing the second substrate 112. The buffer film 302 may be formed on the first substrate 111 to protect the TFT 335 and the light emitting element from moisture penetration into the first substrate 111 that may be sensitive to moisture. The buffer film 302 may include a plurality of inorganic films alternately stacked. For example, the buffer film 302 may be formed in which silicon oxide (SiO x ) film, silicon nitride (SiN x ) film and / or a multilayer film of a silicon oxynitride (SiON) film. The buffer film 302 may not be provided.

[0081] The TFT layer TFTL is formed on the buffer film 302. The TFT layer TFTL includes a TFT 335, a gate insulating film 336, an interlayer insulating film 337, a passivation film 338, and a planarization film 339.

[0082] The TFTs 335 are formed on the buffer film 302. Each of the TFTs 335 may include an active layer 331, a gate electrode 332, a source electrode 333, and a drain electrode 334. Figure 4 The exemplary embodiment shown in includes a TFT 335 having a top gate structure in which a gate electrode 332 is arranged above an active layer 331. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto. The TFT 335 may have a bottom gate structure in which a gate electrode 332 is arranged below an active layer 331, or a double gate structure in which gate electrodes are arranged above and below an active layer.

[0083] The active layer 331 may be formed on the buffer film 302. The active layer 331 may be formed of a silicon-based semiconductor material or an oxide-based semiconductor material. A light blocking layer for blocking external light incident on the active layer 331 may be formed between the buffer layer 302 and the active layer 331.

[0084] The gate insulating film 336 may be formed on the active layer 331. The gate insulating film 336 may be formed as an inorganic film such as a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, or a multilayer film thereof.

[0085] The gate electrode 332 and the gate line may be formed on the gate insulating film 336. The gate electrode 332 and the gate line may be formed as a single-layer film or a multi-layer film using molybdenum (Mo), Al, chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), Ni, neodymium (Nd), Cu, or an alloy thereof.

[0086] An interlayer insulating film 337 may be formed on the gate electrode 332 and the gate line. The interlayer insulating film 337 may be formed as an inorganic film such as, for example, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, or a multilayer film thereof.

[0087] The source electrode 333, the drain electrode 334, and the data line may be formed on the interlayer insulating film 337. The source electrode 333 and the drain electrode 334 may be connected to the active layer 331 through a contact hole penetrating the gate insulating film 336 and the interlayer insulating film 337. The source electrode 333, the drain electrode 334, and the data line may be formed as a single-layer film or a multi-layer film using Mo, Al, Cr, Au, Ti, Ni, Nd, Cu, or an alloy thereof.

[0088] A passivation film 338 may be formed on the source electrode 333, the drain electrode 334, and the data line to insulate the TFT 335. The passivation film 338 may be formed as an inorganic film such as, for example, a silicon oxide film, a silicon nitride film, or a multilayer film thereof.

[0089] The planarization film 339 may be formed on the passivation film 338 to planarize a height difference formed by the TFT 335. The planarization film 339 may be formed as an organic film using acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyamide resin, or polyimide resin.

[0090] The light emitting element layer EML may be formed on the TFT layer TFTL. The light emitting element layer EML may include a light emitting element and a pixel defining film 344 .

[0091] The light emitting elements and the pixel defining film 344 may be formed on the planarization film 339. In an exemplary embodiment, the light emitting elements may be OLEDs. In this embodiment, each of the light emitting elements may include an anode electrode 341, a light emitting layer 342, and a cathode electrode 343.

[0092] The anode electrode 341 may be formed on the planarization film 339. The anode electrode 341 may be connected to the drain electrode 334 through a contact hole penetrating the passivation film 338 and the planarization film 339.

[0093] The pixel defining film 344 may be formed to cover the edge of the anode electrode 341 to define the corresponding pixel. The pixel defining film 344 may define a plurality of first sub-pixels PX1, second sub-pixels PX2, and third sub-pixels PX3. Each of the first sub-pixel PX1, the second sub-pixel PX2, and the third sub-pixel PX3 may be a region in which the anode electrode 341, the light emitting layer 342, and the cathode electrode 343 are sequentially stacked, and holes from the anode electrode 341 and electrons from the cathode electrode 343 are combined in the light emitting layer 342 to emit light.

[0094] The light emitting layer 342 may be formed on the anode electrode 341 and the pixel defining film 344. The light emitting layer 342 may be an organic light emitting layer. The light emitting layer 342 may emit blue light or short wavelength light such as ultraviolet (UV) light. The peak wavelength range of the blue light may be about 450nm to 490nm, and the peak wavelength range of the UV light may be 450nm or shorter. In the present embodiment, the light emitting layer 342 may be a common layer formed in common for all the first sub-pixels PX1, the second sub-pixels PX2, and the third sub-pixels PX3. The display panel 110 may include a light wavelength conversion layer QDL, which converts the blue light or short wavelength light (such as UV light) emitted by the light emitting layer 342 into red light, green light, and blue light. The display panel 110 may also include a color filter layer CFL that transmits red light, green light, and blue light therethrough.

[0095] The light emitting layer 342 may include a hole transport layer, an emission layer, and an electron transport layer. The light emitting layer 342 may have a tandem structure with two or more stacks. In this embodiment, a charge generation layer may be formed between the stacks.

[0096] The cathode electrode 343 may be formed on the light emitting layer 342. The cathode electrode 343 may be formed to cover the light emitting layer 342. The cathode electrode 343 may be a common layer formed in common to all pixels.

[0097] The light emitting element layer EML may be formed as a top emission type light emitting element layer that emits light in a direction toward the second substrate 112 (e.g., in an upward direction). In the present embodiment, the anode electrode 341 may be formed of a metal material having a high reflectivity, such as a stack of Al and Ti (e.g., Ti / Al / Ti), a stack of Al and indium tin oxide (ITO) (e.g., ITO / Al / ITO), a silver (Ag)-palladium (Pd)-copper (Cu) (APC) alloy, or a stack of an APC alloy and ITO (e.g., ITO / APC / ITO). The cathode electrode 343 may be formed of a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) material (e.g., ITO or indium zinc oxide (IZO)) that allows light to pass therethrough, or a semi-transmissive conductive material (e.g., magnesium (Mg), Ag, or an alloy thereof). In an embodiment in which the cathode electrode 343 is formed of a semi-transmissive conductive material, the emission efficiency of the light emitting element layer EML may be improved due to the microcavity effect.

[0098] TFEL 305 is formed on the light emitting element layer EML. TFEL 305 prevents oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light emitting layer 342 and the cathode electrode 343. TFEL 305 may include at least one inorganic film. The inorganic film may be formed of silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide. TFEL 305 may also include at least one organic film. The organic film may have a sufficient thickness to prevent foreign particles from entering the light emitting layer 342 and the cathode electrode 343 through TFEL 305. The organic film may include one of epoxy resin, acrylate, and urethane acrylate.

[0099] The color filter layer CFL is disposed on a surface of the second substrate 112 facing the first substrate 111. The color filter layer CFL may include a black matrix 360 and a color filter 370.

[0100] The black matrix 360 may be formed on the second substrate 112. The black matrix 360 may be arranged to overlap with the pixel defining film 344. However, the black matrix 360 may be arranged so as not to overlap with the first sub-pixel PX1, the second sub-pixel PX2, and the third sub-pixel PX3. The black matrix 360 may include a black pigment or an opaque metal material that may block the transmission of light without transmitting light therethrough.

[0101] The color filter 370 may be arranged to overlap the first sub-pixel PX1, the second sub-pixel PX2, and the third sub-pixel PX3. The first color filter 371 may be arranged to overlap the first sub-pixel PX1, the second color filter 372 may be arranged to overlap the second sub-pixel PX2, and the third color filter 373 may be arranged to overlap the third sub-pixel PX3. In the present embodiment, the first color filter 371 may be a first color light transmission filter that transmits light of the first color, the second color filter 372 may be a second color light transmission filter that transmits light of the second color, and the third color filter 373 may be a third color light transmission filter that transmits light of the third color. For example, in an exemplary embodiment, the first color, the second color, and the third color may be red, green, and blue, respectively. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto. The peak wavelength range of the red light passing through the first color filter 371 may be about 620nm to 750nm. The peak wavelength range of the green light passing through the second color filter 372 may be about 500nm to 570nm. The peak wavelength of the blue light passing through the third color filter 373 may range from about 450 nm to 490 nm.

[0102] The boundary between the color filters 370 may overlap with the black matrix 360. Accordingly, the black matrix 360 may prevent light emitted from the light emitting layer 342 of one sub-pixel from entering the color filter 370 of another sub-pixel to cause color mixing.

[0103] An overcoat layer may be formed on the color filter 370 to planarize a height difference caused by the color filter 370 and the black matrix 360. However, in some exemplary embodiments, the overcoat layer may not be provided.

[0104] The light wavelength conversion layer QDL may be disposed on the color filter layer CFL and may include a first capping layer 351 , a first wavelength conversion layer 352 , a second wavelength conversion layer 353 , a third wavelength conversion layer 354 , a second capping layer 355 , an interlayer organic film 356 , and a third capping layer 357 .

[0105] The first cover layer 351 may be disposed on the color filter layer CFL. The first cover layer 351 prevents moisture or oxygen from penetrating through the color filter layer CFL into the first wavelength conversion layer 352, the second wavelength conversion layer 353, and the third wavelength conversion layer 354. The first cover layer 351 may be formed as an inorganic film using, for example, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide.

[0106] The first wavelength conversion layer 352 , the second wavelength conversion layer 353 , and the third wavelength conversion layer 354 may be disposed on the first cover layer 351 .

[0107] The first wavelength conversion layer 352 may be arranged to overlap the first sub-pixel PX1. The first wavelength conversion layer 352 may convert blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light) emitted from the light emitting layer 342 of the first sub-pixel PX1 into light of a first color. The first wavelength conversion layer 352 may include a first base resin, a first wavelength shifter, and a first scatterer.

[0108] The first base resin may be formed of a material having high light transmittance and excellent scattering characteristics for the first wavelength shifter and the first scatterer. For example, the first base resin may include an organic material such as epoxy resin, acrylic resin, cardo resin, or imide resin.

[0109] The first wavelength shifter may convert or shift the wavelength of the incident light. In an exemplary embodiment, the first wavelength shifter may be a quantum dot, a quantum rod, or a phosphor. In an embodiment where the first wavelength shifter is a quantum dot that may be a semiconductor nanocrystal material, the first wavelength shifter may have a predetermined band gap depending on its composition and size. Therefore, the first wavelength shifter may absorb the incident light and then emit light of a predetermined wavelength. The first wavelength shifter may have a core-shell structure consisting of a core including a nanocrystal and a shell surrounding the core. In this embodiment, examples of nanocrystals may include IV group nanocrystals, II-VI group compound nanocrystals, III-V group compound nanocrystals, IV-VI group compound nanocrystals, or a combination thereof. The shell may be used as a passivation layer for preventing chemical deformation of the core to maintain semiconductor properties and / or as a charging layer for imparting electrophoretic properties to the quantum dot. The shell may be a single layer or multilayer film. Examples of the shell may include metal or non-metal oxides, semiconductor compounds, or a combination thereof.

[0110] The first scatterer may have a different refractive index from the first base resin and may form an optical interface with the first base resin. For example, the first scatterer may be light scattering particles. For example, the first scatterer may be metal oxide particles, such as titanium oxide (TiO 2 ), silicon oxide (SiO 2 )、ZrO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), zinc oxide (ZnO) or tin oxide (SnO 2 In another exemplary embodiment, the first scatterer may be organic particles, such as particles of acrylic resin or polyurethane resin.

[0111] The first scatterer may scatter incident light in random directions without substantially changing the wavelength of light passing through the first wavelength conversion layer 352. In this way, the path of light transmitting the first wavelength conversion layer 352 may be extended, and the color conversion efficiency of the first wavelength shifter may be improved.

[0112] The first wavelength conversion layer 352 may overlap with the first color filter 371. Therefore, some of the blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light) provided by the first subpixel PX1 may pass through the first wavelength conversion layer 352 as is without being converted into light of the first color by the first wavelength shifter. However, the blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light) incident on the first color filter 371 without being converted by the first wavelength conversion layer 352 may not pass through the first color filter 371. On the other hand, the light of the first color obtained by the first wavelength conversion layer 352 may pass through the first color filter 371 and may be emitted in a direction toward the second substrate 112.

[0113] The second wavelength conversion layer 353 may be arranged to overlap with the second sub-pixel PX2. The second wavelength conversion layer 353 may convert the blue light or short wavelength light (such as UV light) emitted from the light emitting layer 342 of the second sub-pixel PX2 into light of a second color. The second wavelength conversion layer 353 may include a second base resin, a second wavelength shifter, and a second scatterer. The second base resin, the second wavelength shifter, and the second scatterer of the second wavelength conversion layer 353 may be substantially the same as the first base resin, the first wavelength shifter, and the first scatterer of the first wavelength conversion layer 352, respectively. Accordingly, a detailed description thereof will be omitted. However, in an embodiment in which the first wavelength shifter and the second wavelength shifter are both quantum dots, the diameter of the second wavelength shifter may be smaller than the diameter of the first wavelength shifter.

[0114] The second wavelength conversion layer 353 may overlap with the second color filter 372. Therefore, some of the blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light) provided by the second subpixel PX2 may pass through the second wavelength conversion layer 353 as is without being converted into light of the second color by the second wavelength shifter. However, the blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light) incident on the second color filter 372 without being converted by the second wavelength conversion layer 353 may not pass through the second color filter 372. On the other hand, the light of the second color obtained by the second wavelength conversion layer 353 may pass through the second color filter 372 and may be emitted in a direction toward the second substrate 112.

[0115] The third wavelength conversion layer 354 may be arranged to overlap with the third sub-pixel PX3. The third wavelength conversion layer 354 may convert the blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light) emitted from the light-emitting layer 342 of the third sub-pixel PX3 into light of a third color. The third wavelength conversion layer 354 may include a third base resin, a third wavelength shifter, and a third scatterer. The third base resin, the third wavelength shifter, and the third scatterer of the third wavelength conversion layer 354 are substantially the same as the first base resin, the first wavelength shifter, and the first scatterer of the first wavelength conversion layer 352, respectively. Accordingly, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

[0116] The third wavelength conversion layer 354 may overlap the third color filter 373. Therefore, some of the blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light) provided by the third subpixel PX3 may pass through the third wavelength conversion layer 354 as is, and then may be emitted in a direction toward the second substrate 112 through the third color filter 373.

[0117] The second cover layer 355 may be disposed on the first, second, and third wavelength conversion layers 352, 353, and 354, and portions of the first cover layer 351 that are not covered by and exposed from the first, second, and third wavelength conversion layers 352, 353, and 354. The second cover layer 355 prevents moisture or oxygen from penetrating into the first, second, and third wavelength conversion layers 352, 353, and 354. The second cover layer 355 may be formed as an inorganic film using, for example, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide.

[0118] The interlayer organic film 356 may be disposed on the second cover layer 355. The interlayer organic film 356 may be a planarization layer for planarizing a height difference formed by the first wavelength conversion layer 352, the second wavelength conversion layer 353, and the third wavelength conversion layer 354. The interlayer organic film 356 may be formed as an organic film using acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, or polyimide resin.

[0119] The third capping layer 357 may be disposed on the interlayer organic film 356. The third capping layer 357 may be formed as an inorganic film using, for example, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, zirconium nitride, titanium nitride, hafnium nitride, tantalum nitride, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide.

[0120] The filler member FL may be disposed between the TFEL 305 disposed on the first substrate 111 and the third cover layer 357 disposed on the second substrate 112. The filler member FL may be formed of a material having a buffer function. For example, the filler member FL may be formed as an organic film using acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, or polyimide resin.

[0121] An adhesive layer for bonding the first substrate 111 and the second substrate 112 may be disposed in the non-display region of the display panel 110 , and the filler member FL may be surrounded by the adhesive layer in a plan view.

[0122] according to Figure 4In the exemplary embodiment of the inventive concept shown in , the first sub-pixel PX1, the second sub-pixel PX2, and the third sub-pixel PX3 may emit blue light or short-wavelength light (such as UV light). Light from the first sub-pixel PX1 may be converted into light of a first color by the first wavelength conversion layer 352, and then may be output through the first color filter 371. Light from the second sub-pixel PX2 may be converted into light of a second color by the second wavelength conversion layer 353, and then may be output through the second color filter 372. Light from the third sub-pixel PX3 may be output through the third wavelength conversion layer 354 and the third color filter 373. Accordingly, white light may be output.

[0123] In addition, according to Figure 4 In the exemplary embodiment shown in , since the first subpixel PX1, the second subpixel PX2, and the third subpixel PX3 are driven in a top emission manner and emit light in a direction toward the second substrate 112, a first heat dissipation film 130 including an opaque material such as graphite or Al may be arranged on the first substrate 111.

[0124] Figure 5 is a bottom view showing an exemplary display device having an unbent flexible film. Figure 6 is a bottom view showing an exemplary display device having a curved flexible film. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with the display device 10 of FIG. 1 , the display device 10 in the bottom view Figure 5 and Figure 6 is shown oppositely.

[0125] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the first sound generator 210 may be connected to the control circuit board 160 via the first sound line WL1 and the second sound line WL2. For example, in an embodiment where the flexible film 122 is bent toward the bottom surface of the first heat dissipation film 130, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown in , the control circuit board 160 may be arranged on the bottom surface of the first heat dissipation film 130. The first sound line WL1 and the second sound line WL2 may electrically connect the control circuit board 160 and the first sound generator 210. Therefore, the first sound generator 210 may be configured to receive the first driving voltage via the first sound line WL1, and may receive the second driving voltage via the second sound line WL2. Accordingly, the first sound generator 210 may output the first sound by vibrating the display panel 110 according to the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage.

[0126] Meanwhile, the display device 10 may further include a sound driving circuit that outputs a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage according to a sound control signal that may be a digital signal input from the system on chip. The first driving voltage and the second driving voltage may be alternating current (AC) voltages that swing between a positive level and a negative level relative to a predetermined reference level.

[0127] The sound driving circuit may be formed as an IC and then may be attached to the control circuit board 160 or the system board. The sound driving circuit may include a digital signal processor (DSP) that processes a sound control signal (which may be a digital signal), a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) that converts the sound control signal processed by the DSP into a first driving voltage and a second driving voltage (which may be an analog signal), and an amplifier (AMP) that amplifies and outputs the analog signal output by the DAC.

[0128] Figure 5 and Figure 6 It is shown that the first sound generator 210 may be disposed close to the center of the display panel 110. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto.

[0129] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first sound generator 210 may be an exciter configured to generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110. In this embodiment, the first sound generator 210 may include a magnet 211, a bobbin 212, a voice coil 213, and a damper 214.

[0130] The magnet 211 may be a permanent magnet, and a sintered magnet such as a barium ferrite magnet may be used. In an exemplary embodiment, the magnet 211 may be formed as iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ) having an improved magnetic component. 2 O 3 ) magnet, barium carbonate (BaCO 3 ) magnet, neodymium magnet, strontium ferrite magnet or aluminum, nickel (Ni) or cobalt (Co) casting alloy magnet. However, exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto. The neodymium magnet may be, for example, a neodymium iron boron (Nd-Fe-B) magnet.

[0131] The magnet 211 may include a plate 211a, a central protrusion 211b protruding from the center of the plate 211a, and a side wall portion 211c protruding from the edge of the plate 211a. The central protrusion 211b and the side wall portion 211c may be spaced a predetermined distance from each other. Therefore, a predetermined space may be formed between the central protrusion 211b and the side wall portion 211c. For example, the magnet 211 may have a cylindrical shape. The magnet 211 may be in the shape of a cylinder having a circular space formed on one of its bases. The plate 211a of the magnet 211 may be fixed to Figure 2 The lower cover 102 is provided.

[0132] The central protrusion 211b of the magnet 211 may have N-pole magnetism, and the plate 211a and the sidewall 211c may have S-pole magnetism. Therefore, an external magnetic field may be formed between the central protrusion 211b of the magnet 211 and the plate 211a and between the central protrusion 211b of the magnet 211 and the sidewall 211c.

[0133] The bobbin 212 may be formed in a cylindrical shape. The central protrusion 211b of the magnet 211 may be arranged in the bobbin 212. The bobbin 212 may be arranged to surround the central protrusion 211b of the magnet 211. The side wall portion 211c of the magnet 211 may be arranged on the outside of the bobbin 212. For example, the side wall portion 211c of the magnet 211 may be arranged to surround the bobbin 212. A space may be formed between the bobbin 212 and the central protrusion 211b of the magnet 211 and between the bobbin 212 and the side wall portion 211c of the magnet 211.

[0134] In an exemplary embodiment, the bobbin 212 may be formed of a pulp-processed or paper-processed material, Al, Mg, or an alloy thereof, a synthetic resin such as polypropylene, or a polyamide-based fiber. One end of the bobbin 212 may be attached to the first heat dissipation film 130 via an adhesive member. The adhesive member may be a double-sided tape.

[0135] The voice coil 213 may be wound around the outer circumferential surface of the bobbin 212. One end of the voice coil 213 adjacent to one end of the bobbin 212 may be connected to the first sound line WL1, and the other end of the voice coil 213 adjacent to the other end of the bobbin 212 may be connected to the second sound line WL2. Therefore, current may flow in the voice coil 213 according to the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage applied to the first sound line WL1 and the second sound line WL2, respectively. The applied magnetic field may be formed around the voice coil 213 depending on the current flowing in the voice coil 213. For example, the direction of the current flowing in the voice coil 213 when the first driving voltage is a positive voltage and the second driving voltage is a negative voltage may be opposite to the direction of the current flowing in the voice coil 213 when the first driving voltage is a negative voltage and the second driving voltage is a positive voltage. When the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are alternately driven, the N pole and the S pole of the applied magnetic field may be changed so that the attractive force and the repulsive force may act alternately on the magnet 211 and the voice coil 213. Accordingly, as Fig.9A and Fig. 9B As shown in , the bobbin 212 having the voice coil 213 wound thereon may be configured to reciprocate in a third direction (eg, Z-axis direction). Therefore, the display panel 110 and the first heat dissipation film 130 may vibrate in the third direction (eg, Z-axis direction), and the first sound may be output.

[0136] The damper 214 may be arranged between the top of the bobbin 212 and the side wall portion 211c of the magnet 211. The damper 214 may contract or expand according to the vertical movement of the bobbin 212, and thus may control the vertical vibration of the bobbin 212. Since the damper 214 is connected between the bobbin 212 and the side wall portion 211c of the magnet 211, the vertical movement of the bobbin 212 (e.g., in the Z-axis direction) may be limited by the restoring force of the damper 214. For example, when the bobbin 212 vibrates above or below a predetermined height, the bobbin 212 may return to its original position due to the restoring force of the damper 214.

[0137] Reference Fig.10 and Fig.11 The first sound generator 210 may be a piezoelectric element configured to contract or expand according to a voltage applied thereto and thus vibrate the display panel 110. In this embodiment, the first sound generator 210 may include a vibration layer 511, a first electrode 512, a second electrode 513, a first pad electrode 512a, and a second pad electrode 513a.

[0138] The first electrode 512 may include a first trunk electrode 5121 and a first branch electrode 5122. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown in , the first trunk electrode 5121 may be arranged on one side of the vibration layer 511, or may be arranged on more than one side of the vibration layer 511. The first trunk electrode 5121 may be arranged on the top surface of the vibration layer 511. The first branch electrodes 5122 may branch from the first trunk electrode 5121. The first branch electrodes 5122 may be arranged in parallel with each other.

[0139] The second electrode 513 may include a second trunk electrode 5131 and a second branch electrode 5132. Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown in , the second trunk electrode 5131 may be arranged on one side of the vibration layer 511, or may be arranged on more than one side of the vibration layer 511. Fig.10 and Fig.11 , the first trunk electrode 5121 may be arranged on a side of the vibration layer 511 where the second trunk electrode 5131 is not arranged. The second trunk electrode 5131 may be arranged on the top surface of the vibration layer 511. The first trunk electrode 5121 and the second trunk electrode 5131 may not overlap each other. The second branch electrodes 5132 may branch from the second trunk electrode 5131. The second branch electrodes 5132 may be arranged in parallel with each other.

[0140] The first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132 may be arranged parallel to each other in the horizontal direction (e.g., the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction). The first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132 may be alternately arranged in the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction). The first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132 may be repeatedly arranged in the order of the first branch electrode 5122, the second branch electrode 5132, the first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132 along the vertical direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction).

[0141] The first pad electrode 512a may be connected to the first electrode 512. The first pad electrode 512a may protrude outward from a first trunk electrode 5121 disposed on one side of the vibration layer 511. The second pad electrode 513a may be connected to the second electrode 513. The second pad electrode 513a may protrude outward from a second trunk electrode 5131 disposed on the other side of the vibration layer 511. The first pad electrode 512a and the second pad electrode 513a may protrude outward from the first trunk electrode 5121 and the second trunk electrode 5131 disposed on the same side of the vibration layer 511.

[0142] The first pad electrode 512a and the second pad electrode 513a may be connected to the lead or pad electrode of the first FPCB. The lead or pad electrode of the first FPCB may be arranged on the bottom surface of the first sound circuit board.

[0143] The vibration layer 511 may be a piezoelectric actuator deformed by first and second driving voltages respectively applied to the first and second electrodes 512 and 513. In the present embodiment, the vibration layer 511 may be one of a piezoelectric material such as a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film or lead zirconate titanate (PZT) and an electroactive polymer.

[0144] Since the vibration layer 511 is manufactured at a high temperature, the first electrode 512 and the second electrode 513 may be formed of a metal having a high melting point, such as Ag or an alloy of Ag and Pd. In the case where the first electrode 512 and the second electrode 513 are formed of an alloy of Ag and Pd, the Ag content in the alloy of Ag and Pd may be greater than the Pd content in the alloy of Ag and Pd to increase the melting points of the first electrode 512 and the second electrode 513.

[0145] The vibration layer 511 may be disposed between the first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132. The vibration layer 511 may contract or expand according to a difference between a first driving voltage applied to the first branch electrode 5122 and a second driving voltage applied to the second branch electrode 5132.

[0146] like Fig.11As shown in , the polarity of the vibration layer 511 between the first branch electrodes 5122 and the second branch electrodes 5132 below them respectively may have an upward direction (↑). In this case, the vibration layer 511 may have a positive polarity in its upper portion adjacent to the first branch electrodes 5122, and a negative polarity in its lower portion adjacent to the second branch electrodes 5132. Alternatively, the polarity of the vibration layer 511 between the second branch electrodes 5132 and the first branch electrodes 5122 below them respectively may have a downward direction (↓). In this case, the vibration layer 511 may have a positive polarity in its lower portion adjacent to the first branch electrodes 5122, and a negative polarity in its upper portion adjacent to the second branch electrodes 5132. The polarity direction of the vibration layer 511 may be determined by a polarization process of applying an electric field to the vibration layer 511 using the first branch electrodes 5122 and the second branch electrodes 5132.

[0147] When the polarity direction of the vibration layer 511 between the first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132 below them is upward (↑), as shown in FIG. Fig.12 As shown in , the vibration layer 511 may contract according to a first force F1 in response to a positive first driving voltage and a negative second driving voltage applied to the first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132, respectively. The first force F1 may be a contraction force. On the other hand, in response to applying a negative first driving voltage and a positive second driving voltage to the first branch electrode 5122 and the second branch electrode 5132, respectively, the vibration layer 511 may expand according to a second force F2. The second force F2 may be an extension force.

[0148] When the polarity direction of the vibration layer 511 between the second branch electrodes 5132 and the first branch electrodes 5122 below them is in the downward direction (↓), the vibration layer 511 may expand according to the stretching force in response to the positive first driving voltage and the negative second driving voltage respectively applied to the first branch electrodes 5122 and the second branch electrodes 5132. On the other hand, in response to the negative first driving voltage and the positive second driving voltage respectively applied to the first branch electrodes 5122 and the second branch electrodes 5132, the vibration layer 511 may contract according to the contracting force.

[0149] according to Fig.10 and Fig.11 In the embodiment, when the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage respectively applied to the first electrode 512 and the second electrode 513 are alternately changed from positive polarity to negative polarity, the vibration layer 511 repeatedly contracts and expands. Therefore, the first sound generator 210 vibrates.

[0150] Since the first sound generator 210 is disposed on the bottom surface of the display panel 110, as the vibration layer 511 of the first sound generator 210 contracts and expands, the display panel 110 may Fig.13A and Fig. 13B As shown in FIG. 1 , the display panel 110 is vibrated vertically due to stress. Since the first sound generator 210 vibrates the display panel 110 , the display device 10 may be configured to output sound.

[0151] Fig.14 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with the display device 10 of FIG. 1 , the display device 10 in the bottom view Fig.14 is shown oppositely.

[0152] Fig.14 The implementation method and Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiments of the present invention and the present invention is that the display device 10 includes two sound generators (210 and 220). Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig.14 The implementation method is described below.

[0153] Reference Fig.14 The first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may be as follows Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may also be configured as shown in FIG. Fig.10 and Fig.11 , a piezoelectric element that contracts and expands according to a voltage applied thereto and thus vibrates the display panel 110. The first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 can both be used as a tweeter for outputting a sound having a high sound pressure level in a high frequency range. Fig.19 As shown in , the high frequency range may be a frequency range of 1 kHz or higher.

[0154] In an exemplary embodiment, the first sound generator 210 may be arranged adjacent to the right side of the display panel 110, and the second sound generator 220 may be arranged adjacent to the left side of the display panel 110. Accordingly, the first sound generator 210 may be configured to output the first sound to the right front of the display panel 110, and the second sound generator 220 may be configured to output the second sound to the left front of the display panel 110. Therefore, the display device 10 can provide 2.0 channel stereo sound to the user.

[0155] The fundamental zero (F0) of each of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may be 1 kHz or higher. Here, F0 represents the minimum frequency at which the displacement of the vibration of the display panel 110 due to each sound generator exceeds the reference displacement level. If the displacement of the vibration of the display panel 110 due to each sound generator exceeds the reference displacement level, the sound pressure level of each sound generator may become higher than the reference sound pressure level.

[0156] The sound output characteristics of the first sound generator 210 and the sound output characteristics of the second sound generator 220 may be substantially the same. For example, F0 of the first sound generator 210 and F0 of the second sound generator 220 may be substantially the same, and the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 and the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220 may be Fig.19 One of T1, T2, T3 and T4. Fig.19 , T1, T2, T3, and T4 may all have F0 in the high frequency range HFR, but have different sound pressure levels in the low frequency range LFR. The sound pressure level in the low frequency range LFR may gradually decrease from T1 to T4. In an embodiment in which the display device 10 uses the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 to provide a user with 2.0-channel stereo, the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 and the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220 may preferably be T1 or T2, because there is no woofer for outputting low-pitched sounds, which has a high sound pressure level even in the low frequency range LFR.

[0157] Alternatively, the sound output characteristics of the first sound generator 210 may be different from the sound output characteristics of the second sound generator 220. For example, the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 may be different from the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220. Specifically, if the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 is Fig.19 If one of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is selected, the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220 may be Fig.19 another one of T1, T2, T3 and T4.

[0158] For example, the F0 of the first sound generator 210 may be different from the F0 of the second sound generator 220. In an exemplary embodiment, the F0 of the first sound generator 210 may be higher than the F0 of the second sound generator 220. In the case where the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 are exciters that generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110, the F0 of each of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may decrease as the diameter of the bobbin 212 of each of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 increases. Therefore, the diameter of the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210 may be smaller than the diameter of the bobbin 212 of the second sound generator 220. In an embodiment where the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 are piezoelectric elements that contract or expand according to a voltage applied thereto and thus vibrate the display panel 110, the F0 of each of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 decreases as the area of ​​the vibration layer 511 of each of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 increases. Accordingly, the area of ​​the vibration layer 511 of the first sound generator 210 may be smaller than the area of ​​the vibration layer 511 of the second sound generator 220.

[0159] exist Fig.14 In an embodiment, the first sound generator 210 may be disposed adjacent to one side of the display panel 110, the second sound generator 220 may be disposed adjacent to the other side of the display panel 110, and a sound having a high sound pressure level in a high frequency range is output using the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220. Therefore, the display device 10 can provide a 2.0-channel stereo sound to the user.

[0160] Fig.15 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with the display device 10 of FIG. 1 , the display device 10 in the bottom view Fig.15 is shown oppositely.

[0161] Fig.15 The implementation method and Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiment of the present invention is that the display device 10 includes three sound generators (210, 220 and 230). Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig.15 The implementation method is described below.

[0162] Reference Fig.15 The first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220 and the third sound generator 230 may be as follows Figure 7 and Figure 8The first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220 and the third sound generator 230 may also be configured as shown in FIG. Fig.10 and Fig.11 , which contracts and expands according to the voltage applied thereto and thus vibrates the display panel 110. In this embodiment, the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 can all be used as tweeters for outputting sounds with high sound pressure levels in a high frequency range. Fig.19 As shown in , the high frequency range may be a frequency range of 1 kHz or higher.

[0163] The first sound generator 210 may be arranged adjacent to the center of the display panel 110, the second sound generator 220 may be arranged adjacent to the right side of the display panel 110, and the third sound generator 230 may be arranged adjacent to the left side of the display panel 110. Accordingly, the first sound generator 210 may be configured to output the first sound to the central front of the display panel 110, the second sound generator 220 may be configured to output the second sound to the right front of the display panel 110, and the third sound generator 230 may be configured to output the third sound to the left front of the display panel 110. Therefore, the display device 10 may be configured to provide 3.0-channel stereo sound to the user.

[0164] The F0 of each of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may be 1 kHz or higher. The sound pressure level at each corresponding frequency of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may be substantially the same. For example, the F0 of the first sound generator 210, the F0 of the second sound generator 220, and the F0 of the third sound generator 230 may be substantially the same, and the sound pressure level at each corresponding frequency of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may be Fig.19 In an embodiment where the display device 10 is configured to provide a user with 3.0-channel stereo sound using the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230, the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may preferably be T1 or T2 because there is no woofer for outputting low-pitched sounds, which has a high sound pressure level even in the low frequency range LFR.

[0165] Alternatively, the sound output characteristics of the first sound generator 210, the sound output characteristics of the second sound generator 220, and the sound output characteristics of the third sound generator 230 may be different. For example, the sound pressure level at each corresponding frequency of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may be different. If the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 arranged adjacent to the center of the display panel 110 is Fig.19 If one of T1, T2, T3 and T4 is selected, the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220 may be Fig.19 The sound pressure level at each frequency of the third sound generator 230 may be Fig.19 In another example, the sound pressure level at each corresponding frequency of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may all be different.

[0166] For example, the F0 of the first sound generator 210 may be different from the F0 of the second sound generator 220. The F0 of the first sound generator 210 disposed adjacent to the center of the display panel 110 may be higher than the F0 of each of the second sound generator 220 and the third sound generator 230. In an embodiment in which the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 are exciters configured to generate a magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110, the F0 of each of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 decreases as the diameter of the bobbin 212 of each of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 increases. Therefore, the diameter of the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210 may be smaller than the diameter of the bobbin 212 of each of the second sound generator 220 and the third sound generator 230. In an embodiment where the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 are piezoelectric elements that contract and expand according to a voltage applied thereto and thus vibrate the display panel 110, the F0 of each of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 decreases as the area of ​​the vibration layer 511 of each of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 increases. Accordingly, the area of ​​the vibration layer 511 of the first sound generator 210 may be smaller than the area of ​​the vibration layer 511 of each of the second sound generator 220 and the third sound generator 230.

[0167] exist Fig.15In an embodiment of the present invention, the first sound generator 210 may be arranged adjacent to the center of the display panel 110, the second sound generator 220 may be arranged adjacent to one side of the display panel 110, and the third sound generator 230 may be arranged adjacent to the other side of the display panel 110. Sound having a high sound pressure level in a high frequency range may be output using the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230. Therefore, the display device 10 may provide a 3.0-channel stereo sound to the user.

[0168] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B 1 and 2 are respectively a side view and a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with the display device 10 of FIG. 1 , the display device 10 in the bottom view Fig. 16B is shown oppositely.

[0169] Fig.16A and Fig. 16B An exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiments of the present invention is that the display device 10 includes three sound generators (210, 220 and 240). Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig.16A and Fig. 16B The implementation method is described below.

[0170] Reference Fig.16A and Fig. 16B The first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may be as follows Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may alternatively be an exciter configured to generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110. Fig.10 and Fig.11 The fourth sound generator 240 may be a piezoelectric element configured to contract and expand according to a voltage applied thereto and thus vibrate the display panel 110. Figure 7 and Figure 8 , and the fourth sound generator 240 may alternatively be an exciter configured to generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thereby vibrate the display panel 110. Fig.17 A linear resonant actuator (LRA) or an eccentric rotating mass (ERM) that uses a voice coil to generate a magnetic force and thus vibrates the display panel 110 is shown in FIG.

[0171] The fourth sound generator 240 is as follows Figure 7 and Figure 8In the embodiment of the actuator configured to generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110 as shown in , the F0 of each of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the fourth sound generator 240 may decrease as the diameter of the bobbin 212 of each of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the fourth sound generator 240 increases. Therefore, the diameter of the bobbin 212 of the fourth sound generator 240 may be greater than the diameter of the bobbin 212 of each of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220.

[0172] In the embodiment where the fourth sound generator 240 is an LRA, Fig.17 As shown in , the fourth sound generator 240 may include a lower frame 610, an FPCB 620, a voice coil 630, a magnet 640, a spring 650, and an upper frame 660. The lower frame 610 and the upper frame 660 may be formed of a metal material. The FPCB 620 may be arranged on a surface of the lower frame 610 facing the upper frame 660, and may be connected to the first sound line WL1 and the second sound line WL2. The voice coil 630 may be connected to a surface of the FPCB 620 facing the upper frame 660. Accordingly, one end of the voice coil 630 may be electrically connected to the first sound line WL1, and the other end of the voice coil 630 may be electrically connected to the second sound line WL2. In an exemplary embodiment, the magnet 640 may be a permanent magnet, and a voice coil groove 641 in which the voice coil 630 is accommodated may be formed on a surface of the magnet 640 facing the voice coil 630. The spring 650 may be arranged between the magnet 640 and the upper frame 660.

[0173] The direction of the current flowing in the voice coil 630 of the fourth sound generator 240 may be controlled according to the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage applied to the first sound line WL1 and the second sound line WL2. The applied magnetic field may be formed around the voice coil 630 depending on the current flowing in the voice coil 630. For example, the direction of the current flowing in the voice coil 630 when the first driving voltage is a positive voltage and the second driving voltage is a negative voltage may be opposite to the direction of the current flowing in the voice coil 630 when the first driving voltage is a negative voltage and the second driving voltage is a positive voltage. As the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are alternately driven, attractive and repulsive forces may act on the magnet 640 and the voice coil 630, whereby the magnet 640 may be configured to reciprocate between the voice coil 630 and the upper chassis 660 due to the spring 650. Therefore, the vibration surface arranged on the upper chassis 660 may be configured to vibrate, and the fourth sound may be output.

[0174] The first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may be used as a tweeter for outputting a sound having a high sound pressure level in a high frequency range. On the other hand, the fourth sound generator 240 may be used as a woofer for outputting a sound having a high sound pressure level in a low frequency range. Fig.19 As shown in , the high frequency range may be a frequency range of 1 kHz or higher, and the low frequency range may be a frequency range of 800 Hz or lower.

[0175] The first sound generator 210 may be disposed adjacent to the right side of the display panel 110 , and the second sound generator 220 may be disposed adjacent to the left side of the display panel 110 . Fig.16A and Fig. 16B It is shown that the fourth sound generator 240 can be arranged adjacent to the upper side of the display panel 110, but the position of the fourth sound generator 240 may not be particularly limited because the fourth sound generator 240 is used as a woofer having a relatively lower sound directivity than the tweeter. Accordingly, the first sound generator 210 may be configured to output the first sound to the right front of the display panel 110. The second sound generator 220 may be configured to output the second sound to the left front of the display panel 110. The fourth sound generator 240 may be configured to output a fourth sound of a low pitch. Therefore, the display device 10 can provide a 2.1-channel stereo to the user.

[0176] The F0 of each of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may be 1 kHz or higher. The F0 of the fourth sound generator 240 may be 800 Hz or lower, preferably 400 Hz or lower.

[0177] The sound output characteristics of the first sound generator 210 and the sound output characteristics of the second sound generator 220 may be substantially the same. For example, F0 of the first sound generator 210 and F0 of the second sound generator 220 may be substantially the same, and the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 and the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220 may be Fig.19 Since the display device 10 includes the fourth sound generator 240 configured to output low-pitched sound, the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 and the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220 may preferably be T3 or T4 because the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 do not need to have a high sound pressure level in the low frequency range LFR. The sound pressure level at each frequency of the fourth sound generator 240 may be Fig.19 One of W1, W2, W3 and W4.

[0178] Alternatively, the sound output characteristics of the first sound generator 210 and the sound output characteristics of the second sound generator 220 may be different. For example, the sound pressure level at each frequency of the first sound generator 210 and the sound pressure level at each frequency of the second sound generator 220 may be different. For example, F0 of the first sound generator 210 and F0 of the second sound generator 220 may be different.

[0179] exist Fig.16A and Fig. 16B In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 are used to output a sound having a high sound pressure level in a high frequency range, and the fourth sound generator 240 is used to output a sound having a low sound pressure level in a low frequency range. Accordingly, the display device 10 can provide a 2.1-channel stereo sound to the user.

[0180] Fig.18 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 Compared with the display device 10 of FIG. 1 , the display device 10 in the bottom view Fig.18 is shown oppositely.

[0181] Fig.18 The implementation method and Fig.16A and Fig. 16B The difference between the embodiment of the present invention is that the display device 10 further includes a third sound generator 230. Fig.16A and Fig. 16B The differences in the implementation of Fig.18 The implementation method is described below.

[0182] Reference Fig.18 , the third sound generator 230 may be as follows Figure 7 and Figure 8 , which is configured to generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110. Alternatively, the third sound generator 230 may be an actuator such as Fig.10 and Fig.11 , a piezoelectric element configured to contract and expand according to a voltage applied thereto and thus vibrate the display panel 110. The third sound generator 230 may function as a tweeter for outputting sound having a high sound pressure level in a high frequency range.

[0183] The first sound generator 210 may be arranged adjacent to the right side of the display panel 110. The second sound generator 220 may be arranged adjacent to the left side of the display panel 110. The third sound generator 230 may be arranged adjacent to the center of the display panel 110. Accordingly, the first sound generator 210 may be configured to output the first sound to the right front of the display panel 110. The second sound generator 220 may be configured to output the second sound to the left front of the display panel 110. The third sound generator 230 may be configured to output the third sound to the central front of the display panel 110, and the fourth sound of the low pitch may be output by the fourth sound generator 240. Therefore, the display device 10 may be configured to provide 3.1-channel stereo sound to the user.

[0184] The F0 of the third sound generator 230 may be 1 kHz or higher. The sound output characteristics of the third sound generator 230 may be substantially the same as the sound output characteristics of the first sound generator 210 and the sound output characteristics of the second sound generator 220. For example, the F0 of the first sound generator 210, the F0 of the second sound generator 220, and the F0 of the third sound generator 230 may be substantially the same. The sound pressure level at each corresponding frequency of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may be Fig.19 Since the display device 10 includes the fourth sound generator 240 for outputting the low-pitched sound, the sound pressure level at each corresponding frequency of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 may preferably be T3 or T4 because the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 do not need to have a high sound pressure level in the low frequency range LFR.

[0185] Alternatively, the sound output characteristics of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may be different. For example, the sound pressure level at each corresponding frequency of the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 may be different. For example, F0 of the first sound generator 210, F0 of the second sound generator 220, and F0 of the third sound generator 230 may be different.

[0186] exist Fig.18 In an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the first sound generator 210, the second sound generator 220, and the third sound generator 230 are configured to output sounds having a high sound pressure level in a high frequency range. The fourth sound generator 240 is configured to output sounds having a low sound pressure level in a low frequency range. Accordingly, the display device 10 may be configured to provide a 3.1-channel stereo sound to the user.

[0187] Fig.19is a graph showing the sound pressure level at each frequency of the sound generated by the sound generator.

[0188] Reference Fig.19 , the X-axis represents frequency (Hz), the Y-axis represents sound pressure level (dB), and W1, W2, W3, and W4 represent the sound pressure level at each frequency of the sound generated by the sound generator used as a woofer. The F0 of each of W1, W2, W3, and W4 may be within the low frequency range LFR. The F0 of each of W1, W2, W3, and W4 may be 800Hz or lower, preferably 400Hz or lower. W1, W2, W3, and W4 may gradually decrease with a predetermined slope in the middle frequency range MFR and the high frequency range HFR. In the middle frequency range MFR and the high frequency range HFR, the absolute value of the slope of W1, W2, W3, and W4 may be larger from W1 to W2 to W3 to W4. The characteristics of the sound generated by each sound generator used as a woofer may be set to one of W1, W2, W3, and W4.

[0189] Reference Fig.19 , T1, T2, T3 and T4 refer to the sound pressure level at each frequency of the sound generated by the sound generator used as a tweeter. The F0 of each of T1, T2, T3 and T4 may be within the high frequency range HFR. The F0 of each of T1, T2, T3 and T4 may be 1kHz or higher. T1, T2, T3 and T4 may gradually increase with a predetermined slope in the low frequency range LFR and the middle frequency range MFR. In the low frequency range LFR and the middle frequency range MFR, the absolute value of the slope of T1, T2, T3 and T4 may be larger from T1 to T2 to T3 to T4. The characteristics of the sound generated by each sound generator used as a tweeter may be set to one of T1, T2, T3 and T4.

[0190] Fig. 20 To show Figure 2 A side view of an exemplary display panel of FIG. FIG. 21A to FIG. 21E is a bottom view showing an exemplary bobbin and exemplary heat dissipation vias of an exemplary first sound generator. Fig. 22 is along Fig.21A For convenience, FIG. 21A to FIG. 21E The magnet 211 , the voice coil 213 , and the damper 214 of the first sound generator 210 are not shown.

[0191] Fig. 20 , FIG. 21A to FIG. 21E and Fig. 22 An exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 to 6 The difference of the embodiment of FIG. 1 is that a heat dissipation through hole PH is formed on the surface of the first heat dissipation film 130 on which the first sound generator 210 is arranged. Figures 1 to 6The differences in the implementation of Fig. 20 , FIG. 21A to FIG. 21E and Fig. 22 An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0192] Reference Fig. 20 , FIG. 21A to FIG. 21E and Fig. 22 A heat dissipation through hole PH is formed on the surface of the first heat dissipation film 130 on which the first sound generator 210 is arranged. The heat dissipation through hole PH may overlap with the edge of the first sound generator 210. Fig.21A and Fig. 22 As shown in , in an embodiment where the first sound generator 210 is an exciter configured to generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110, the heat dissipation through hole PH may overlap the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210. In this case, the heat generated by the voice coil 213 wound on the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210 may be as shown in FIG. Fig. 22 The heat dissipation through hole PH may be configured to effectively release the heat generated by the first sound generator 210. Accordingly, the influence of the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 on the display panel 110 may be minimized by the first heat dissipation film 130.

[0193] like Fig. 20 and Fig. 22 As shown in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , the heat dissipation through hole PH may be a concave hole formed on the first heat dissipation film 130. However, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Alternatively, as Fig.23 As shown in , the heat dissipation through hole PH may be a through hole penetrating the first heat dissipation film 130 .

[0194] exist Fig.21A In the exemplary embodiment shown in , two heat dissipation through holes PH are formed. However, the exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept are not limited thereto. Alternatively, as Fig. 21B and Fig. 21C As shown in , four heat dissipation through holes PH or eight heat dissipation through holes PH may be formed on the first heat dissipation film 130. As the number of heat dissipation through holes PH increases, the number of paths through which the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 is discharged increases, and thus, the heat dissipation effect of the first heat dissipation film 130 may be improved. However, as the number of heat dissipation through holes PH increases, the contact area between the first sound generator 210 and the first heat dissipation film 130 decreases, and thus, the adhesion between the first sound generator 210 and the first heat dissipation film 130 decreases. Accordingly, the number of heat dissipation through holes PH may be appropriately set in consideration of the heat dissipation efficiency and the adhesion between the first sound generator 210 and the first heat dissipation film 130.

[0195] exist Fig.21AIn the exemplary embodiment shown in , in a plan view, the heat dissipation through hole PH has a rectangular shape. However, the exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept are not limited thereto. Alternatively, as Fig.21D As shown in FIG. , in a plan view, the heat dissipation through hole PH may have an elliptical shape, or as Fig.21E As shown in , the heat dissipation through hole PH may have a hexagonal shape in a plan view. In other alternative embodiments, in a plan view, the heat dissipation through hole PH may have a circular shape or a polygonal shape other than a rectangular or hexagonal shape.

[0196] exist Fig. 20 , FIG. 21A to FIG. 21E and Fig. 22 In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation through hole PH is formed on the first heat dissipation film 130 to overlap with the first sound generator 210, and the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 can be effectively discharged through the heat dissipation through hole PH. Accordingly, the influence of the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 on the display panel 110 can be minimized by the first heat dissipation film 130.

[0197] Fig.24A is a plan view showing an exemplary first sound generator and an exemplary second heat dissipation film. Fig. 24B is along Fig.24A A cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV'. Fig.24A and Fig. 24B The implementation method and Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiment of the present invention and the embodiment of the present invention is that the display device 10 further includes a second heat dissipation film 180. Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig.24A and Fig. 24B The implementation method is described below.

[0198] Reference Fig.24A and Fig. 24B , the second heat dissipation film 180 may be arranged on the surface of the first heat dissipation film 130 on which the first sound generator 210 is arranged. In an exemplary embodiment, the second heat dissipation film 180 may be formed as a single body with the first heat dissipation film 130. However, in an alternative embodiment, the second heat dissipation film 180 may be formed separately from the first heat dissipation film 130. The first heat dissipation film 130 may be configured to cover the entire first substrate 111, and the second heat dissipation film 180 may be arranged to cover a portion of the first heat dissipation film 130. For example, the second heat dissipation film 180 may overlap with the first sound generator 210. Fig.24AAs shown in , in an embodiment where the first sound generator 210 is an exciter configured to generate magnetic force using a voice coil and thus vibrate the display panel 110, the second heat dissipation film 180 may overlap the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210. The second heat dissipation film 180 may include a metal layer formed of Cu or Al, a ceramic layer formed of a piezoelectric material, or an aerogel. In this embodiment, since the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 can be blocked by the second heat dissipation film 180, the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 can be prevented from affecting the display panel 110.

[0199] exist Fig. 24B In the exemplary embodiment shown in , the width of the second heat dissipation film 180 may be smaller than the width of the first sound generator 210. However, the exemplary embodiments of the present inventive concept are not limited thereto. Alternatively, as Fig.24C As shown in , the width of the second heat dissipation film 180 may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 .

[0200] Fig.25 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an exemplary first sound generator and an exemplary first heat dissipation film. Fig.25 The implementation method and Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiments of the present invention is that, in addition to the heat dissipation layer, the first heat dissipation film 130 also includes a vibration transmission layer. Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig.25 The implementation method is described below.

[0201] Reference Fig.25 The first heat dissipation film 130 may include a first vibration transfer layer 131 , a second vibration transfer layer 132 , and a heat dissipation layer 133 .

[0202] The heat dissipation layer 133 may be configured to release heat generated by the first sound generator 210. The heat dissipation layer 133 may include a layer of a material having high thermal conductivity, such as graphite, Ag, Cu, or Al.

[0203] The heat dissipation layer 133 may include a plurality of metal layers formed in a first direction (e.g., X-axis direction) and a second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction) rather than in a third direction (e.g., Z-axis direction). In this embodiment, the heat generated by the voice coil of the first sound generator 210 may be diffused in the first direction (e.g., X-axis direction) and the second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction) and may be effectively released. Accordingly, the influence of the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 on the display panel 110 may be minimized by the first heat dissipation film 130.

[0204] The first vibration transfer layer 131 may be disposed on a first surface of the heat dissipation layer 133. The second vibration transfer layer 132 may be disposed on a second surface of the heat dissipation layer 133. The second surface of the heat dissipation layer 133 opposite to the first surface of the heat dissipation layer 133 may face the first substrate 111. The first sound generator 210 may be attached to the first vibration transfer layer 131 via an adhesive member such as an adhesive tape. The second vibration transfer layer 132 may be attached to the first substrate 111 via an adhesive member such as a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA).

[0205] The first vibration transfer layer 131 and the second vibration transfer layer 132 may be formed of PI. In an embodiment where the heat dissipation layer 133 includes a plurality of metal layers formed in the first and second directions (e.g., the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction) instead of in the third direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction), the transmission of the vibration of the first sound generator 210 to the first substrate 111 may be weakened by the heat dissipation layer 133. Therefore, when the first heat dissipation film 130 includes the first vibration transfer layer 131, the second vibration transfer layer 132, and the heat dissipation layer 133, the force transmitted from the first sound generator 210 to the first substrate 111 by the vibration of the first sound generator 210 may be enhanced, compared to when the first heat dissipation film 130 includes only the heat dissipation layer 133. Accordingly, the output of the first sound by the vibration of the display panel 110 using the first sound generator 210 may be promoted.

[0206] Fig.26A , Fig.26B , Fig. 27 and Fig.28 An exemplary embodiment of Fig.25 The difference between the embodiment of the present invention is that a portion of the heat dissipation layer 133 of the first heat dissipation film 130 is removed. Fig.25 The differences in the implementation of Fig.26A , Fig.26B , Fig. 27 and Fig.28 An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0207] Reference Fig.26A and Fig.26B , the heat dissipation layer 133 does not overlap with the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210. Instead, the first vibration transfer layer 131 may overlap with the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210. Specifically, the force transferred from the first sound generator 210 to the first substrate 111 may be caused by the vibration of the bobbin 212. Therefore, when the heat dissipation layer 133 does not overlap with the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210, the force transferred from the first sound generator 210 to the first substrate 111 by the vibration of the bobbin 212 may be enhanced.

[0208] Fig.26A and Fig.26BThe heat dissipation layer 133 is shown to overlap with the central protrusion 211b inside the bobbin 212, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Alternatively, the heat dissipation layer 133 may overlap with the bobbin 212 and overlap with the central protrusion 211b inside the bobbin 212. In the present embodiment, the first vibration transmission layer 131 may overlap not only with the bobbin 212 but also with the central protrusion 211b inside the bobbin 212.

[0209] Reference Fig. 27 and Fig.28 , the heat dissipation layer 133 does not overlap with the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210 or the central protrusion 211b in the bobbin 212. Instead, the first vibration transfer layer 131 may overlap with the bobbin 212. Fig.28 As shown, the first heat dissipation film 130 may be thinner in a region overlapping with the bobbin 212 than in a region not overlapping with the bobbin 212. That is, the first heat dissipation film 130 may include a recessed portion in a region overlapping with the bobbin 212. In the present embodiment, the force transmitted from the first sound generator 210 to the first substrate 111 by the vibration of the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210 may be enhanced.

[0210] The second heat dissipation film 180 may be disposed on the recessed portion of the first vibration transfer layer 131. The bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210 may be disposed on the second heat dissipation film 180. The second heat dissipation film 180 may be a metal layer formed of Cu or Al or a ceramic layer formed of a piezoelectric material. In the present embodiment, since the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 may be blocked by the second heat dissipation film 180, the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 may be prevented from affecting the display panel 110. Moreover, the force generated by the vibration of the bobbin 212 of the first sound generator 210 may be transferred to the first substrate 111 through the second heat dissipation film 180.

[0211] Fig.29A and Fig.29B An exemplary embodiment of Fig.28 The difference between the embodiments of the present invention is that a plurality of sound generators 210 are arranged on the second heat dissipation film 180. Fig.28 The differences in the implementation of Fig.29A and Fig.29B The implementation method is described below.

[0212] Reference Fig.29A and Fig.29BDue to the vibration of the plurality of bobbins 212 of the plurality of sound generators 210, a force transferred to the first substrate 111 may be greater when the plurality of sound generators 210 are provided on the second heat dissipation film 180 than when a single sound generator 210 is provided on the second heat dissipation film 180. A single sound may be output by vibrating the display panel 110 using the plurality of sound generators 210.

[0213] Fig. 30A and Fig. 30B An exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiments of the present invention and the present invention is that the first heat dissipation film 130 is arranged to cover a portion of the surface of the first substrate 111, rather than covering the entire surface of the first substrate 111. Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig. 30A and Fig. 30B The implementation method is described below.

[0214] Reference Fig. 30A and Fig. 30B , the first heat dissipation film 130 may be arranged to cover a portion of the surface of the first substrate 111 rather than the entire surface of the first substrate 111. Since the first heat dissipation film 130 is configured to diffuse the heat generated by the first sound generator 210, the first heat dissipation film 130 may overlap the first sound generator 210. In the present embodiment, the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction), and the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0215] Fig.31 An exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 to 6 The difference of the embodiment of is that the plurality of heat dissipation films (130a and 130b) are arranged to overlap with the plurality of sound generators (210 and 220). Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the exemplary embodiments of Fig.31 An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0216] Reference Fig.31 , the first heat dissipation film 130 a and the second heat dissipation film 130 b may be arranged to cover a portion of the surface of the first substrate 111 rather than the entire surface of the first substrate 111 .

[0217] The first sound generator 210 may be arranged adjacent to the right side of the display panel 110, and the second sound generator 220 may be arranged adjacent to the left side of the display panel 110. Since the first heat dissipation film 130a is configured to diffuse heat generated by the first sound generator 210, the first heat dissipation film 130a may overlap the first sound generator 210. In the present embodiment, the width of the first heat dissipation film 130a in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction), and the width of the first heat dissipation film 130a in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0218] Since the second heat dissipation film 130b is configured to diffuse the heat generated by the second sound generator 220, the second heat dissipation film 130b may overlap the second sound generator 220. In the present embodiment, the width of the second heat dissipation film 130b in the first direction (e.g., X-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the second sound generator 220 in the first direction (e.g., X-axis direction), and the width of the second heat dissipation film 130b in the second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the second sound generator 220 in the second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction).

[0219] Fig.32 An exemplary embodiment of Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiments of the present invention is that the first heat dissipation film 130 may be arranged to cover a portion of the surface of the first substrate 111 rather than the entire surface of the first substrate 111. Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig.32 An exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below.

[0220] Reference Fig.32 , the first sound generator 210 may be arranged adjacent to the right side of the display panel 110, and the second sound generator 220 may be arranged adjacent to the left side of the display panel 110. Since the first heat dissipation film 130 is used to diffuse the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220, the first heat dissipation film 130 may overlap the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220. In the present embodiment, the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) may be greater than the maximum distance between the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction), and the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0221] Alternatively, the first sound generator 210 may be arranged adjacent to the upper side of the display panel 110, and the second sound generator 220 may be arranged adjacent to the lower side of the display panel 110. In the present embodiment, the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the first direction (e.g., X-axis direction) may be greater than the widths of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 in the first direction (e.g., X-axis direction), and the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction) may be greater than the maximum distance between the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 in the second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction) and may also be greater than the widths of the first sound generator 210 and the second sound generator 220 in the second direction (e.g., Y-axis direction).

[0222] Fig.33 is a bottom view of a display device according to another exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0223] Fig.33 The implementation method and Figures 1 to 6 The difference between the embodiments of the present invention and the present invention is that the first heat dissipation film 130 is arranged to cover a portion of the surface of the first substrate 111 rather than the entire surface of the first substrate 111. Figures 1 to 6 Differences in implementation methods have Fig.33 The implementation method is described below.

[0224] Reference Fig.33 , the first heat dissipation film 130 may be arranged to cover a portion of the surface of the first substrate 111 rather than the entire surface of the first substrate 111. Since the first heat dissipation film 130 is used to diffuse the heat generated by the first sound generator 210, the first heat dissipation film 130 may overlap the first sound generator 210. In the present embodiment, the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 in the first direction (e.g., the X-axis direction), and the width of the first heat dissipation film 130 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction) may be greater than the width of the first sound generator 210 in the second direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction).

[0225] The first heat dissipation film 130 may include an extension portion 130a extending from an overlap portion overlapping the first sound generator 210 to one side of the display panel 110. The extension portion 130a of the first heat dissipation film 130 may overlap with the first sound generator 210 on one side of the display panel 110. Figure 2 The lower cover 102 may be arranged not only on the first heat dissipation film 130 and the first sound generator 210 but also on a side surface of the display panel 110.

[0226] Specifically, the metal layer of the extension portion 130a of the first heat dissipation film 130 may be in contact with the metal of the lower cover 102. In the present embodiment, a path may be provided through which the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 may be transferred to the lower cover 102 through the metal layer of the first heat dissipation film 130, and thus, the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 may be effectively released. Therefore, the influence of the heat generated by the first sound generator 210 on the display panel 110 may be minimized by the first heat dissipation film 130.

[0227] Fig.33 The extension portion 130 a of the first heat dissipation film 130 is shown to extend toward the upper side of the display panel 110 , but exemplary embodiments of the inventive concept are not limited thereto. For example, the extension portion 130 a of the first heat dissipation film 130 may extend toward the lower side, left side, or right side of the display panel 110 .

[0228] Although exemplary embodiments are described above, it is not intended that these embodiments describe all possible forms of the inventive concept. Rather, the words used in the specification are descriptive rather than restrictive, and it should be understood that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept of the present disclosure. In addition, the features of various implementation embodiments may be combined to form other embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising: A display panel, the display panel comprising a first substrate, a second substrate and a light emitting element layer, wherein the light emitting element layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate and configured to emit light in a direction toward the second substrate; a first sound generator disposed on a first surface of the first substrate and configured to vibrate the display panel to output a first sound; and a first heat dissipation film, the first heat dissipation film being arranged between the first substrate and the first sound generator, Wherein, the thickness of the first heat dissipation film is greater than the thickness of the first substrate and the thickness of the second substrate.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein: The light emitting element layer and the thin film transistor layer including thin film transistors are arranged on the second surface of the first substrate, and the second surface of the first substrate faces the second substrate; as well as A color filter layer including a color filter is arranged on a first surface of the second substrate, and the first surface of the second substrate faces the first substrate.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein: the light emitting element layer includes a light emitting element configured to emit blue light or short wavelength light; and The second substrate includes a wavelength conversion layer configured to convert the short-wavelength light into long-wavelength light.

4. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising: A second sound generator is disposed on the first surface of the first heat dissipation film, the second sound generator being configured to vibrate the display panel to emit a second sound.

5. The display device according to claim 4, wherein: The first sound generator is disposed adjacent to a first side of the display panel; and The second sound generator is arranged adjacent to a second side of the display panel.

6. The display device according to claim 4, further comprising: A third sound generator is disposed on the first surface of the first heat dissipation film, the third sound generator being configured to vibrate the display panel to output a third sound.

7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein: The first sound generator is arranged adjacent to the center of the display panel; The second sound generator is arranged adjacent to the first side of the display panel; and The third sound generator is arranged adjacent to the second side of the display panel.

8. The display device according to claim 6, further comprising: a fourth sound generator disposed on the first surface of the first heat dissipation film, the fourth sound generator configured to vibrate the display panel to output a fourth sound; The substantially zero value of the first sound is higher than the substantially zero value of the fourth sound.

9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein: At least one of the first sound generator, the second sound generator, the third sound generator, and the fourth sound generator includes a bobbin arranged on the first surface of the first heat dissipation film, a voice coil surrounding the bobbin, and a magnet arranged on the bobbin and spaced apart from the bobbin.

10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein: A diameter of the bobbin of the first sound generator is smaller than a diameter of the bobbin of the fourth sound generator.

11. The display device according to claim 8, wherein: The fourth sound generator is a linear resonant actuator or an eccentric rotating mass.

12. The display device according to claim 1, wherein: The first sound generator comprises: a first electrode, to which a first driving voltage is applied; a second electrode to which a second driving voltage is applied; and A piezoelectric element that contracts or expands according to the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage applied to the first electrode and the second electrode, respectively.

13. A display device comprising: A display panel, the display panel comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, and a light emitting element layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first sound generator disposed on a first surface of the display panel and configured to vibrate the display panel to output a sound; as well as a first heat dissipation film, the first heat dissipation film being arranged between the first substrate of the display panel and the first sound generator, wherein the first heat dissipation film includes a hole overlapping with the first sound generator, and Wherein, the thickness of the first heat dissipation film is greater than the thickness of the first substrate and the thickness of the second substrate.

14. The display device according to claim 13, wherein: The hole is configured to penetrate the first heat dissipation film.

15. The display device according to claim 13, wherein: The hole is formed as a recessed portion on the first heat dissipation film.

16. The display device according to claim 13, wherein: The first sound generator includes a bobbin disposed on a first surface of the first heat dissipation film, a voice coil surrounding the bobbin, and a magnet disposed on the bobbin and spaced apart from the bobbin.

17. The display device according to claim 16, wherein: The hole overlaps the bobbin.

18. The display device according to claim 13, further comprising: A second heat dissipation film is arranged between the first heat dissipation film and the first sound generator.

19. The display device according to claim 18, wherein: The first heat dissipation film includes a layer formed of graphite, silver, copper or aluminum; and The second heat dissipation film includes a metal layer formed of copper or aluminum, an aerogel, or a piezoelectric element.

20. The display device according to claim 16, wherein: The first heat dissipation film includes a heat dissipation layer and a first vibration transfer layer disposed between the heat dissipation layer and the first sound generator.

21. The display device according to claim 20, wherein: The heat dissipation layer does not overlap the bobbin.

22. The display device according to claim 21, wherein: the first heat dissipation film including a recessed portion formed on the first surface of the first heat dissipation film in a region overlapping the bobbin; as well as The display device further includes: A second heat dissipation film is arranged on the recessed portion on the first surface of the first heat dissipation film.

23. The display device according to claim 13, wherein: the first heat dissipation film including an overlapping portion overlapping the first sound generator and an extending portion extending from the overlapping portion to one side of the display panel; and The extension portion contacts a lower cover disposed on a first surface of the first heat dissipation film and a first surface of the first sound generator.

24. A display device comprising: A display panel, the display panel comprising a first substrate, a second substrate, and a light emitting element layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; a heat dissipation film, the heat dissipation film being arranged on the first substrate, the heat dissipation film comprising a heat dissipation layer and at least one vibration transmission layer; as well as at least one sound generator, the at least one sound generator being arranged on the heat dissipation film, the at least one sound generator being configured to vibrate the first substrate through the at least one vibration transfer layer of the heat dissipation film to output sound, wherein the display panel serves as a diaphragm for generating the sound, Wherein, the thickness of the heat dissipation film is greater than the thickness of the first substrate and the thickness of the second substrate.

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