A laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device and its use method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device and a method for using the same, wherein the vacuum filtration device comprises a fixing system, a storage system, a filtering system, a collecting system, a connecting system, a cut-off system and a vacuum pump; the fixing system is a movable three-layer stainless steel frame with wheels at the bottom; the storage system, the filtering system and the collecting system are fixed by the fixing system, connected to the vacuum pump through a vacuum-resistant rubber hose and a three-way joint, and the series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation of the solid-liquid mixture is achieved by adjusting the switches of the cut-off systems at different parts and the filtering system and the collecting system with the help of the method for using the present invention. In addition, the present invention can simultaneously achieve the rapid separation of multiple solid-liquid mixture samples with the help of a vacuum pump, which not only greatly improves the filtration efficiency, but also saves resources and costs, and can better meet the needs of a large number of multi-batch filtration experiments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of filtration, and in particular relates to a laboratory serial-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The vacuum filtration device, which consists of a vacuum pump, a single Buchner funnel, and a single-mouthed suction bottle, is the most common filtration device in the laboratory, especially in the fields of material synthesis and catalyst preparation. However, with the continuous development of synthesis and preparation technology, people can obtain multiple solid-liquid mixture samples at a time. The traditional vacuum filtration device can only filter one sample at a time, the filtration efficiency is low, and it is impossible to separate and wash particles of different sizes in the same sample at the same time. In addition, if the synthesis amount of the same sample is large, the filter cake will be thicker when filtered using a traditional vacuum filtration device, which will lead to very slow filtration and washing rates, and it will take a very long time to complete the separation of a sample. Therefore, it is imperative to design and launch an efficient vacuum filtration device. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device and a method of using the same, so as to solve the problems of simple function and low filtration efficiency of the existing vacuum filtration devices.

[0004] A laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device, comprising:

[0005] The subjects include:

[0006] Stainless steel rack, three layers;

[0007] On the upper layer of the stainless steel frame, a plurality of open glass containers are placed, wherein the bottoms of the open glass containers are open and have connecting spouts;

[0008] A plurality of first-layer suction filtration bottles are arranged in the middle layer of the stainless steel frame, wherein the first-layer suction filtration bottles have two connection nozzles at the top and one connection nozzle at the bottom, and the first-layer suction filtration bottles are connected in series with each other through the connection nozzles at the top; a Buchner funnel is arranged on the top of the first-layer suction filtration bottles;

[0009] A plurality of second-layer suction filtration bottles are arranged at the lower layer of the stainless steel frame, the upper part of the second-layer suction filtration bottles has two connecting nozzles, and the second-layer suction filtration bottles are connected in series through the upper connecting nozzles; a Buchner funnel is arranged on the top of the second-layer suction filtration bottles;

[0010] The bottom connecting nozzle of the open glass container is respectively connected to the Buchner funnels on the first layer of suction filtration bottles and the second layer of suction filtration bottles through the first three-way joint;

[0011] The connecting nozzle at the bottom of the first layer of suction filtration bottle is connected to the Buchner funnel on the second layer of suction filtration bottle;

[0012] It also includes: a vacuum pump connected to a connection nozzle at the top of the first layer of the suction filtration bottle and a connection nozzle at the top of the second layer of the suction filtration bottle.

[0013] In one embodiment, the Buchner funnels on the first layer suction filtration bottle and the second layer suction filtration bottle are installed on the bottle mouths through sealing plugs.

[0014] In one embodiment, the vacuum pump is connected to the connection nozzles at the top of the first layer of the suction flask and the connection nozzles at the top of the second layer of the suction flask respectively through the second three-way joint.

[0015] In one embodiment, the vacuum pump is connected to a power source.

[0016] In one embodiment, a pulley is provided at the bottom of the stainless steel frame.

[0017] In one embodiment, the connection nozzle at the top of the first layer of suction filtration bottle is connected to the vacuum pump through an automatic purge module;

[0018] The structure of the automatic purge module includes:

[0019] shell;

[0020] A fixed body is provided inside the housing, and the fixed body, the spring, and the connecting rod are connected in sequence;

[0021] A first sealing sheet and a second sealing sheet are respectively provided on both sides of the connecting rod; a through hole is provided in the middle of the second sealing sheet;

[0022] A horizontal partition is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod;

[0023] An elastic sheet and a limiting sheet are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the shell, and the elastic sheet is located above the limiting sheet; the width of the partition is greater than the distance between the two elastic sheets and also greater than the distance between the two limiting sheets;

[0024] In addition, an air supply pipe is provided on the shell, and the outlet of the air supply pipe is attached to the second sealing sheet; the second sealing sheet can move up and down driven by the spring, and when the through hole is connected to the air supply pipe, the first sealing sheet can close the connecting pipe between the first layer of filtration bottle and the vacuum pump.

[0025] In one embodiment, when the spring is in a natural state, it is located below the elastic sheet and pressed against the limiting sheet.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1) the various systems of the vacuum filtration device are relatively independent, simple in structure, and easy to assemble and disassemble. The corresponding number of storage systems, filtration systems and collection systems can be matched according to actual needs, so that multiple solid-liquid mixture samples can be quickly separated at the same time with the help of a vacuum pump; 2) particles of different sizes in the same sample can be separated and washed; 3) the problem of slow filtration and washing rates caused by thick filter cakes when the sample synthesis amount is large can be alleviated; 4) the overall filtration efficiency is high, which can greatly save resources and costs and meet the needs of a large number of multi-batch filtration experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present invention provides a structure diagram of a filtration device.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of another suction filtration device provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Structural diagram of the automatic purge module in .

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Structural diagram of the automatic purge module in .

[0032] Description of the main component symbols in the accompanying drawings:

[0033] 1 is the power supply, 2 is the vacuum pump, 3 is the rubber hose, and 4 is the first three-way connector;

[0034] 5~7 are open glass containers with an open bottom and a connecting spout;

[0035] 8-10 are first-layer suction filtration bottles, which have two connection nozzles at the top and one connection nozzle at the bottom;

[0036] 11~13 are the second layer of suction filtration bottles, which have two connecting nozzles on the upper part;

[0037] 14-19 are Buchner funnels, 20-25 are filter media, and 26-31 are sealing plugs;

[0038] 32 is a stainless steel frame, which is three-layered and movable; 33 is a pulley, which is located at the bottom of the stainless steel frame;

[0039] 34~52 are valves; 53 is the second three-way connector;

[0040] 54 is an automatic purge module;

[0041] 55 is a housing; 56 is a first sealing sheet; 57 is a second sealing sheet; 58 is a fixed body; 59 is a spring; 60 is a connecting rod; 61 is a partition; 62 is an elastic sheet; 63 is a limiting sheet; 64 is a through hole; 65 is an air supply pipe; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention discloses a laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device and its use method, the vacuum filtration device includes a fixing system, a storage system, a filtering system, a collecting system, a connecting system, a cut-off system and a vacuum pump; the fixing system is a movable three-layer stainless steel frame with wheels at the bottom; the storage system, the filtering system and the collecting system are fixed by the fixing system, connected with the vacuum pump through a vacuum-resistant rubber hose and a three-way joint, and the series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation of the solid-liquid mixture is realized by adjusting the switch of the cut-off system of different parts and the filtering system and the collecting system with the use method provided by the present invention. In addition, the various parts of the system in the present invention are relatively independent, simple in structure, and easy to disassemble and assemble. The storage system, filtering system and collecting system of the corresponding number can be matched according to actual needs, and the rapid separation of multiple solid-liquid mixture samples can be realized simultaneously with the help of a vacuum pump, which not only greatly improves the filtration efficiency, but also saves resources and costs, and can meet the needs of a large number of multi-batch filtration experiments.

[0043] More specifically, the filtration device provided by the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown:

[0044] The subjects include:

[0045] The stainless steel frame 32 is three-layered;

[0046] On the upper layer of the stainless steel frame 32, a plurality of open glass containers 5, 6, 7 are placed, wherein the bottoms of the open glass containers 5, 6, 7 are open and have connecting spouts;

[0047] In the middle layer of the stainless steel frame 32, a plurality of first-layer suction bottles 8, 9, 10 are arranged. The first-layer suction bottles have two connection nozzles at the top and one connection nozzle at the bottom, and the first-layer suction bottles are connected in series through the connection nozzles at the top; Buchner funnels 14, 15, 16 are arranged on the top of the first-layer suction bottles 8, 9, 10.

[0048] A plurality of second-layer suction bottles 11, 12, and 13 are provided at the lower layer of the stainless steel frame 32. The upper portion of the second-layer suction bottles has two connecting nozzles, and the second-layer suction bottles are connected in series through the upper connecting nozzles; Buchner funnels 17, 18, and 19 are provided on the top of the second-layer suction bottles 11, 12, and 13;

[0049] The bottom connecting nozzles of the open glass containers 5, 6, 7 are respectively connected to the Buchner funnels on the first layer of suction filtration bottles 8, 9, 10 and the second layer of suction filtration bottles 11, 12, 13 through the first three-way joint 4;

[0050] The connecting nozzles at the bottom of the first layer of suction filtration bottles 8, 9, 10 are connected to the Buchner funnels on the second layer of suction filtration bottles 11, 12, 13;

[0051] It also includes: a vacuum pump 2 connected to the connecting nozzles on the upper parts of the first layer of suction bottles 8, 9, 10 and the connecting nozzles on the upper parts of the second layer of suction bottles 11, 12, 13.

[0052] In one embodiment, the Buchner funnels on the first layer of suction flasks 8 , 9 , 10 and the second layer of suction flasks 11 , 12 , 13 are installed on the bottle mouths through sealing plugs 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 .

[0053] In one embodiment, the vacuum pump 2 is connected to the upper connection nozzles of the first layer of suction bottles 8, 9, 10 and the upper connection nozzles of the second layer of suction bottles 11, 12, 13 respectively through the second three-way joint 53.

[0054] In one embodiment, the vacuum pump 2 is connected to a power source 1 .

[0055] In one embodiment, the connection nozzles at the upper parts of the first layer of suction bottles 8, 9, 10 are connected to the vacuum pump 2 via the automatic purge module 54;

[0056] The structure of the automatic purge module 54 includes:

[0057] Housing 55;

[0058] A fixing body 58 is provided inside the housing 55, and the fixing body 58, a spring 59, and a connecting rod 60 are connected in sequence;

[0059] A first sealing sheet 56 and a second sealing sheet 57 are respectively provided on both sides of the connecting rod 60; a through hole 64 is provided in the middle of the second sealing sheet 57;

[0060] A horizontal partition 61 is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod 60;

[0061] An elastic sheet 62 and a limiting sheet 63 are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the housing 55, and the elastic sheet 62 is located above the limiting sheet 63; the width of the partition 61 is greater than the distance between the two elastic sheets 62, and also greater than the distance between the two limiting sheets 63;

[0062] In addition, an air supply pipe 65 is also provided on the outer shell 55, and the outlet of the air supply pipe 65 is in contact with the second sealing sheet 57; the second sealing sheet 57 can move up and down driven by the spring, and when the through hole 64 is connected with the air supply pipe 65, the first sealing sheet 56 can close the connecting pipe between the first layer of filtration bottle and the vacuum pump.

[0063] In one embodiment, when the spring 59 is in a natural state, it is located below the elastic sheet 62 and pressed against the limiting sheet 63 .

[0064] Example 1: This example is used to illustrate the operation of separating a large amount of solid-liquid mixture at the same time

[0065] Will attach Figure 1 All components in the Figure 1 The assembly is completed as shown, and all valves are closed. At the beginning of filtration, the same solid-liquid mixture sample to be separated is first added to glass containers 5, 6 and 7, and then the power supply 1, vacuum pump 2, valves 34, 35, 37, 42, 47, 51, 36, 41 and 46 are turned on, and the solid-liquid mixture sample automatically enters Buchner funnels 14, 15 and 16 under the action of gravity; then, under the action of pressure difference, the solid particles in the mixture sample are intercepted by the filter media 20, 21 and 22 of appropriate pore size, and the filtrate enters the suction filtration bottles 8, 9 and 10; after the filtration is completed, detergent is added to glass containers 5, 6 and 7 to complete the washing of the solid particles. After the above operations, the separation and washing of a large number of solid-liquid mixture samples of the same type can be completed with the help of a vacuum pump in series.

[0066] Example 2: This example is used to illustrate the operation of separating different solid-liquid mixed samples

[0067] Will attach Figure 1 All components in the Figure 1 The assembly is completed as shown, and all valves are placed in a closed state. At the beginning of filtration, first add different solid-liquid mixture samples to be separated into glass containers 5, 6 and 7 respectively, then turn on power 1, vacuum pump 2, valves 34, 35, 37, 42, 47, 51, 36, 41 and 46, and the solid-liquid mixture samples automatically enter Buchner funnels 14, 15 and 16 under the action of gravity; then, under the action of pressure difference, the solid particles in the mixture samples are respectively intercepted by filter media 20, 21 and 22 of appropriate pore size, and the filtrate enters suction bottles 8, 9 and 10 respectively; after the filtration is completed, detergents are added to glass containers 5, 6 and 7 respectively to complete the washing of the corresponding solid particles. After the above operations, the separation and washing of different solid-liquid mixture samples can be completed in series with the help of a vacuum pump.

[0068] Example 3: This example is used to illustrate the operation of separating solid-liquid mixed samples with particles of different sizes.

[0069] Will attach Figure 1 All components in the Figure 1 When the filtration starts, first add the same solid-liquid mixture sample to be separated into the glass containers 5, 6 and 7, then turn on the power 1, vacuum pump 2, valves 34, 35, 37, 42, 47, 51, 39, 44, 49, 52, 38, 43, 48, 36, 41 and 46, and the solid-liquid mixture sample automatically enters the Buchner funnel 14, 15 and 16 under the action of gravity; then, under the action of pressure difference, the large solid particles in the mixture sample are intercepted by the filter media 20, 21 and 22 with appropriate pore sizes, and the solid particles smaller than the filter media 20, 21 and 22 are retained. Small solid particles with pore sizes of 21 and 22 enter the suction bottles 8, 9 and 10 along with the filtrate; then the solid-liquid mixture in the suction bottles 8, 9 and 10 automatically enters the Buchner funnels 17, 18 and 19 under the action of gravity, and under the action of the pressure difference, the small solid particles in the mixture are intercepted by the filter media 23, 24 and 25 with smaller pore sizes, and the filtrate enters the suction bottles 11, 12 and 13; after the filtration is completed, detergent is added to the glass containers 5, 6 and 7, and valves 40, 45 and 50 are opened at the same time to complete the washing of solid particles of different sizes. After the above operations, the same large number of solid-liquid mixture samples can be graded and washed in parallel with the help of a vacuum pump.

[0070] Example 4: This example is used to illustrate the operation of separating solid-liquid mixed samples with particles of different sizes.

[0071] Will attach Figure 1 All components in the Figure 1When the filtration starts, first add different solid-liquid mixture samples to be separated into glass containers 5, 6 and 7, then turn on power 1, vacuum pump 2, valves 34, 35, 37, 42, 47, 51, 39, 44, 49, 52, 38, 43, 48, 36, 41 and 46, and the solid-liquid mixture samples automatically enter Buchner funnels 14, 15 and 16 under the action of gravity; then, under the action of pressure difference, large solid particles in the mixture sample are retained by filter media 20, 21 and 22 with appropriate pore sizes, and the solid particles smaller than the pore sizes of the filter media 20, 21 and 22 are retained by the filter media 20, 21 and 22. The small solid particles with a pore size of 22 enter the suction bottles 8, 9 and 10 respectively along with the filtrate; then the solid-liquid mixture in the suction bottles 8, 9 and 10 automatically enters the Buchner funnels 17, 18 and 19 respectively under the action of gravity, and under the action of the pressure difference, the small solid particles in the mixture are respectively intercepted by the filter media 23, 24 and 25 with smaller pore sizes, and the filtrate enters the suction bottles 11, 12 and 13 respectively; after the filtration is completed, detergent is added to the glass containers 5, 6 and 7 respectively, and valves 40, 45 and 50 are opened at the same time to complete the washing of solid particles of different sizes. After the above operations, the graded separation and washing of different solid-liquid mixture samples can be completed with the help of a vacuum pump in parallel.

[0072] Example 5: This example is used to illustrate the automatic purge operation of the vacuum filtration device.

[0073] As described in Example 4, in the operation of graded filtration containing large and small particles, a difficulty often encountered in the laboratory is that when large particles form a filter cake on the surface of the filter material, the small particles will also be coated therein, resulting in the small particles being unable to pass through the filter medium to enter the next stage of filtration, so that the filter cake obtained in the previous stage substantially contains a mixture of large and small particles. Therefore, in order to solve this problem, the solution provided in the present invention is: when the first-stage suction bottle is working, it automatically generates intermittent upward purge to break the filter cake layer formed by the large and small particles, so that the small particles can more easily pass through the filter material to enter the next stage, thereby better achieving the separation of large and small particles. The improved structure adopted is as follows:

[0074] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the connection nozzles at the top of the first layer of suction bottles 8, 9, 10 are connected to the vacuum pump 2 through an automatic purge module 54; the structure of the automatic purge module 54 includes: a housing 55; a fixed body 58 is provided inside the housing 55, and the fixed body 58, a spring 59, and a connecting rod 60 are connected in sequence; a first sealing sheet 56 and a second sealing sheet 57 are provided on both sides of the connecting rod 60; a through hole 64 is provided in the middle of the second sealing sheet 57; a horizontal partition 61 is provided at the bottom of the connecting rod 60; both sides of the bottom of the housing 55 An elastic sheet 62 and a limiting sheet 63 are respectively provided, and the elastic sheet 62 is located above the limiting sheet 63; the width of the partition 61 is greater than the distance between the two elastic sheets 62, and also greater than the distance between the two limiting sheets 63; and an air supply pipe 65 is also provided on the outer shell 55, and the outlet of the air supply pipe 65 is attached to the second sealing sheet 57; the second sealing sheet 57 can move up and down driven by the spring, and when the through hole 64 is connected with the air supply pipe 65, the first sealing sheet 56 can close the connecting pipe between the first layer of the filtration bottle and the vacuum pump.

[0075] When operating, first turn on the vacuum pump 2 to perform suction. Figure 2 and Figure 3In this way, negative pressure is generated inside the first layer of suction bottles 8, 9, 10 and the automatic purge module 54. Under normal circumstances, the spring 59 is in a state of popping out downward (the spring has a tendency to recover the deformation of extending downward), which will cause the connecting rod 60 to push out downward. Since the elastic sheet 62 is elastic, the partition 61 will be pressed downward and pressed against the limiting sheet 63. When the vacuum pump 2 is working, negative pressure is generated in the first layer of filtration bottles 8, 9, 10, so that filter cakes begin to form on the Büchner funnel above them. At this time, negative pressure is also formed in the shell 55. Due to the effect of the external atmospheric pressure, the spring 59 is forced to start pulling the partition 61 to squeeze the elastic sheet 62 upward. When the elastic sheet 62 is compressed to a certain extent, since the middle of the limiting sheet 63 is also connected to the outside, the atmospheric pressure outside is higher than the negative pressure in the shell 55, which makes the partition 61 close to the bottom of the elastic sheet 62. As the suction continues, the internal negative pressure becomes larger and larger, and the air pressure from the spring to the outside also becomes larger and larger. When it is greater than a certain value, the elastic sheet 62 can no longer block the partition 61, which will cause the partition 61 to bounce upward. The connecting rod 60 also has a first sealing sheet 56 and a second sealing sheet 57, which will also move upward. When the through hole 64 in the second sealing sheet 57 is connected to the air supply pipe 65, the first sealing sheet will close the vacuum air path. Therefore, the suction effect of the vacuum pump 2 no longer works on this pipeline. The air pressure sent into the air supply pipe 65 will quickly eliminate the negative pressure in the outer shell 55 and the first layer of suction bottles 8, 9, and 10. It is best to make the air pressure of the air supply pipe 65 higher than the atmospheric pressure, which will form a reverse sweep from bottom to top on the filter medium in the first layer of suction bottles 8, 9, and 10, breaking the stable filter cake layer on the surface, avoiding the accumulation of large and small particles, and re-filtering to make it easier for small particles to pass through the filter medium. Since the spring 59 is elastic and is sucked upward due to the negative pressure, when the air pressure in the shell 55 recovers to 1 atmosphere or even higher than the atmospheric pressure, the spring 59 will also tend to recover the downward deformation, so that it can continue to compress the elastic sheet 62 and continue to press it to the limit sheet 63; after pressing, the second sealing sheet 57 resumes its downward movement, so that the channel between the through hole 64 and the air supply pipe 65 is blocked again, and the first sealing sheet 56 continues to restore the channel of the vacuum pump 2 to work, so the suction filtration process continues, and the reciprocating operation realizes a cycle process of compacting the filter cake layer, backblowing, continuing to compact, etc., thereby solving the problem of coating of large and small particles.

Claims

1. A laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device, characterized in that: include: A stainless steel frame (32) has three layers; a pulley (33) is provided at the bottom of the stainless steel frame; a plurality of open glass containers (5, 6, 7) are placed on the upper layer of the stainless steel frame (32); the bottoms of the open glass containers (5, 6, 7) are open and have connecting nozzles; a plurality of first-layer suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10) are provided on the middle layer of the stainless steel frame (32); the first-layer suction filtration bottles have two connecting nozzles at the top and one connecting nozzle at the bottom, and the first-layer suction filtration bottles are connected in series via the connecting nozzles at the top; a Buchner funnel (14, 15, 16) is provided on the top of the first-layer suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10); a plurality of A second layer of suction filtration bottles (11, 12, 13), wherein the upper part of the second layer of suction filtration bottles has two connection nozzles, and the second layer of suction filtration bottles are connected in series via the upper connection nozzles; a Buchner funnel (17, 18, 19) is provided on the top of the second layer of suction filtration bottles (11, 12, 13); the bottom connection nozzle of the open glass container (5, 6, 7) is respectively connected to the Buchner funnels on the first layer of suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10) and the second layer of suction filtration bottles (11, 12, 13) via a first three-way joint (4); the bottom connection nozzle of the first layer of suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10) is connected to the Buchner funnel (17, 18, 19) on the second layer of suction filtration bottles (11, 12, 13); The invention also comprises a vacuum pump (2), connected to the connection nozzles at the top of the first layer of suction bottles (8, 9, 10) and the connection nozzles at the top of the second layer of suction bottles (11, 12, 13); the connection nozzles at the top of the first layer of suction bottles (8, 9, 10) are connected to the vacuum pump (2) via an automatic purge module (54); the structure of the automatic purge module (54) comprises a housing (55); a fixed body (58) is provided inside the housing (55); the fixed body (58), a spring (59), and a connecting rod (60) are connected in sequence; a first sealing sheet (56) and a second sealing sheet (57) are respectively provided on both sides of the connecting rod (60); a through hole (64) is provided in the middle of the second sealing sheet (57); the connecting rod (6 0) is provided with a horizontal partition (61) at the bottom; elastic sheets (62) and limiting sheets (63) are provided on both sides of the bottom of the shell (55), and the elastic sheets (62) are located above the limiting sheets (63); the width of the partition (61) is greater than the distance between the two elastic sheets (62) and also greater than the distance between the two limiting sheets (63); and an air supply pipe (65) is further provided on the shell (55), the outlet of the air supply pipe (65) being in contact with the second sealing sheet (57); the second sealing sheet (57) can move up and down under the drive of the spring, and when the through hole (64) is connected to the air supply pipe (65), the first sealing sheet (56) can close the connecting pipe between the first layer suction filtration bottle and the vacuum pump.

2. The laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Buchner funnels on the first-layer suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10) and the second-layer suction filtration bottles (11, 12, 13) are installed on the bottle mouths through sealing plugs (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31).

3. The laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum pump (2) is connected to the connection nozzles at the top of the first layer of suction bottles (8, 9, 10) and the connection nozzles at the top of the second layer of suction bottles (11, 12, 13) respectively through the second three-way joint (53).

4. The laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum pump (2) is connected to a power source (1).

5. The laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the spring (59) is in a natural state, it is located below the elastic sheet (62) and is pressed tightly against the limiting sheet (63).

6. A laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration method, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, wherein the vacuum filtration is used to filter the same or different types of particle-containing liquids, and comprises the following steps: Add the particle-containing liquid into an open glass container (5, 6, 7), turn on the vacuum pump (2) for suction filtration, and use the Buchner funnel (14, 15, 16) on the top of the first layer of suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10) to intercept the particles; After the filtration is completed, washing liquid is added to the open glass container (5, 6, 7) to wash the formed filter cake.

7. A laboratory series-parallel adjustable multi-stage separation vacuum filtration method, characterized in that: The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is used, wherein the vacuum filtration is used to filter a liquid containing large particles and small particles, and comprises the following steps: Add the particle-containing liquid into an open glass container (5, 6, 7), turn on the vacuum pump (2) for suction filtration, and use the Buchner funnel (14, 15, 16) on the top of the first layer of suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10) to intercept large particles; The filtrate from the first layer of suction filtration bottles (8, 9, 10) enters the Buchner funnel (17, 18, 19) on the top of the second layer of suction filtration bottles (11, 12, 13) to continue filtering and retain small particles; After the filtration is completed, washing liquid is added to the open glass container (5, 6, 7) to wash the formed filter cake.

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