A flexible backlash-free spline drive device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flexible, gapless spline transmission device, comprising a set of spline shafts and spline sleeves, with a movable spline sleeve being sleeved and mounted on the spline shaft. The movable spline sleeve is provided with a plurality of adjustment sleeve teeth, which are formed by extending the inner spline teeth of the movable spline sleeve from the end face of the movable spline sleeve. The tooth ends of the extended adjustment sleeve teeth are machined with curved surfaces, and the outer walls of the plurality of adjustment sleeve teeth are within the same cylindrical surface, and the diameter of the cylindrical surface is the same as the diameter of the spline sleeve tooth groove. The spline sleeve teeth on the inner wall of one end of the corresponding spline sleeve are cut, and the cut end face is a curved surface of the corresponding adjustment sleeve tooth, and the shape and size match those of the aforementioned adjustment sleeve teeth. The present invention can effectively eliminate or reduce play during spline transmission, thereby eliminating or reducing play, improving smoothness, effectively reducing unnecessary mechanical wear, and alleviating noise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the design and assembly fields of splines, and specifically to a flexible backlash-free spline transmission device. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, splines are applied to the coaxial torque transmission occasions of rotating machinery and are carried out by using the cooperation of the teeth of a spline sleeve and a spline shaft. The structure is simple, the process is mature, and the cost is low. However, due to the need for a certain length for the effective cooperation of the spline pair, in order to facilitate assembly, a certain clearance is reserved on the tooth sides of the spline shaft and the spline sleeve. When the spline shaft is used as the driving part to drive under normal conditions, the cooperation between the spline shaft and the spline sleeve is one tooth surface; while when the spline sleeve is used as the driving part to drive, the spline sleeve needs to rotate relative to the spline shaft by an angle. After eliminating the clearance between the tooth sides, the spline shaft is driven in cooperation with another tooth side. During the process of the main and passive relative conversion between the spline shaft and the spline sleeve, it is necessary to eliminate the clearance between the tooth sides before contact, and there is a discontinuous situation in torque transmission, resulting in impact and noise during the power transmission process, affecting the smoothness of the overall mechanism, leading to relatively fast wear and accompanied by noise. This situation will increase the tooth side clearance of the spline, and the situation will deteriorate more after a long time. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a flexible backlash-free spline transmission device.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A flexible backlash-free spline transmission device includes a set of spline shaft and spline sleeve which are matched with each other. An active spline sleeve is also sleeved on the spline shaft, and a support table surface is provided on the spline shaft. The spline shaft is in transmission cooperation with the spline sleeve and the active spline sleeve through ordinary splines;

[0006] A number of adjusting sleeve teeth are provided on the active spline sleeve. The adjusting sleeve teeth are formed by the inner spline teeth of the active spline sleeve of the active spline sleeve extending out of the end surface of the active spline sleeve. The tooth ends of the extended adjusting sleeve teeth are processed with curved surfaces. The outer walls of a number of adjusting sleeve teeth are within the same cylindrical surface, and the diameter of this cylindrical surface is the same as the diameter of the spline groove of the spline sleeve;

[0007] The spline teeth at one end inner wall of the corresponding spline sleeve are cut, and the cutting end surface is the curved surface corresponding to the adjusting sleeve teeth, and the shape and size are matched with the aforementioned adjusting sleeve teeth;

[0008] During installation, a return spring is sleeved outside the spline shaft. The return spring is in a compressed state, and both ends of the return spring respectively contact the support table surface of the spline shaft and the end surface of the active spline sleeve without adjusting sleeve teeth.

[0009] The described flexible backlash-free spline transmission device is characterized in that:

[0010] When the return spring is in a compressed state, both ends of the return spring contact the support table surface of the spline shaft and the end surface of the movable spline sleeve. At the same time, there is no contact and a gap is left between the other end surface of the movable spline sleeve and the end surface adjacent to the spline sleeve. At this time, the curved surface of the adjusting sleeve tooth contacts the curved surface of the spline sleeve tooth.

[0011] Preferably, the gap is set to be 0.5 - 5 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the tooth wall of the movable spline sleeve and the tooth wall of the spline shaft are in sliding fit.

[0013] Preferably, when the return spring is in a compressed state, the curved surface at the tooth end of each adjusting sleeve tooth in a plurality of adjusting sleeve teeth contacts the corresponding curved surface at the tooth end of the spline sleeve to form a mating surface C, the tooth side of each adjusting sleeve tooth contacts the corresponding tooth side of the spline shaft to form a mating surface A, and the tooth side of each spline sleeve contacts the corresponding tooth side of the spline shaft to form a mating surface B. The three mating surfaces A, B, and C are in direct contact and have no gap under the action of the return spring.

[0014] Preferably, the curved surface at the tooth end of the adjusting sleeve tooth contacting the curved surface at the tooth end of the spline sleeve to form the mating surface C is a plane, and this plane forms an angle of 15° - 45° with the axis line of the spline shaft.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] The present invention belongs to a flexible backlash-free spline structure. On the basis of the traditional spline, a movable spline sleeve is added, so that the spline shaft forms a fit with the movable spline sleeve, the spline shaft forms a fit with the spline sleeve, and the movable spline sleeve forms a fit with the spline sleeve respectively. When transmitting power, the fit gap between the overall spline mechanism can be eliminated, and the torque transmission can be continuously carried out in both the active and passive cases, eliminating or reducing the play during the spline transmission, thereby eliminating or reducing the play, improving the smoothness, effectively reducing unnecessary mechanical wear, and alleviating the noise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall mating structure of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spline shaft of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the movable spline sleeve of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spline sleeve of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the steering and force action of the spline shaft as the driving part in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the steering and force action of the spline sleeve as the driving part in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] In the drawings: 1 - spline shaft, 2 - spline sleeve, 3 - movable spline sleeve, 4 - adjusting sleeve teeth, 5 - return spring, 101 - support table, A - mating surface A, B - mating surface B, C - mating surface C. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings through embodiments:

[0025] A flexible backlash-free spline drive device includes a set of spline shafts 1 and spline sleeves 2 which are matched with each other. A movable spline sleeve 3 is also sleeved on the spline shaft 1. A support table 101 is provided on the spline shaft 1. During actual installation and use, the support table 101 can be replaced by other adjacent components installed simultaneously (such as the component for installing the spline shaft 1). The spline shaft 1 is in transmission cooperation with the spline sleeve 2 and the movable spline sleeve 3 through ordinary splines;

[0026] A number of adjusting sleeve teeth 4 are provided on the movable spline sleeve 3. The adjusting sleeve teeth 4 are formed by extending the inner spline teeth of the movable spline sleeve of the movable spline sleeve 3 to the end face of the movable spline sleeve 3. The tooth end of the extended adjusting sleeve teeth 4 is processed with a curved surface (the special shape of this curved surface is a plane). The outer walls of a number of adjusting sleeve teeth 4 are within the same cylindrical surface, and the diameter of this cylindrical surface is the same as the diameter of the spline sleeve tooth groove, as Figure 3 shown;

[0027] The spline sleeve teeth at one end of the corresponding spline sleeve 2 are cut, and the cut end face is the curved surface corresponding to the adjusting sleeve teeth 4 (the special shape of this curved surface is a plane), and the shape and size are matched with the aforementioned adjusting sleeve teeth 4, as Figure 4 shown;

[0028] During installation, a return spring 5 is sleeved outside the spline shaft 1. The return spring 5 is in a compressed state, and both ends of the return spring 5 respectively contact the support table 101 of the spline shaft 1 and the end face of the movable spline sleeve 3 without adjusting sleeve teeth.

[0029] When the return spring 5 is in a compressed state, both ends of the return spring 5 contact the support table 101 of the spline shaft 1 and the end face (the end without adjusting sleeve teeth) of the movable spline sleeve 3. At the same time, there is no contact and a gap is left between the other end face of the movable spline sleeve 3 and the adjacent end face of the spline sleeve 2. This gap is set to be 0.5 - 5 mm. At this time, the curved surface of the adjusting sleeve teeth 4 contacts the curved surface of the spline sleeve teeth.

[0030] The tooth wall of the movable spline sleeve 3 is in sliding fit with the tooth wall of the spline shaft 1.

[0031] When the return spring 5 is in a compressed state, the tooth end surfaces of each adjusting sleeve tooth 4 in a plurality of adjusting sleeve teeth 4 are in contact with the corresponding tooth end surfaces of the spline sleeve 2 to form a mating surface C, the tooth sides of each adjusting sleeve tooth 4 are in contact with the corresponding tooth sides of the spline shaft 1 to form a mating surface A, and the tooth sides of each spline sleeve 2 are in contact with the corresponding tooth sides of the spline shaft 1 to form a mating surface B. The three mating surfaces A, B, and C are in direct contact with each other under the action of the return spring 5 without any gap.

[0032] The tooth end surface of the adjusting sleeve tooth 4 is in contact with the tooth end surface of the spline sleeve 1 to form a mating surface C which is a plane, and this plane forms an angle of 15° - 45° with the axis line of the spline shaft 1.

[0033] As Figure 5 shown, under normal circumstances, when the spline shaft 1 is the driving part, the driving force is transmitted through the mating surface B. At this time, when the driving force is transmitted from the spline shaft 1 through the mating surface B to the spline sleeve 2, it will continue to be transmitted backward through the spline sleeve 2, and the movable spline sleeve 3 does not undertake the task of power transmission at this time;

[0034] As Figure 6 shown, when the spline sleeve 2 is the driving part, the driving force is transmitted to the spline shaft 1 through the mating surface C and the mating surface A. In this case, the mating surface B may not be disengaged (when the driving force is small); if the transmitted driving force is large, the mating surface B may be disengaged. At this time, the axial component force F3 of the normal pressure F on the mating surface C must overcome the acting force F1 of the return spring 5 at the rear end of the movable spline sleeve 3 to force the movable spline sleeve 3 to move backward. And during the process of the movable spline sleeve 3 moving backward, the energy storage capacity of the return spring 5 makes F1 gradually increase, which helps the various parts of the spline pair of the present invention to restore normal contact and cooperation, and increases the flexible contact of the spline pair to eliminate or reduce impact and noise. At the same time, the radial component force F2 of the normal pressure F on the mating surface C between the movable spline sleeve 3 and the tooth end of the spline sleeve 1 also increases due to the energy storage capacity of the return spring 5. This component force F2 acts on the tooth end surface of the inner spline of the movable spline sleeve 3, and then acts on the spline shaft 1 through the mating surface A between the spline shaft 1 and the movable spline sleeve 3. During the process of the spline sleeve 1 pushing the movable spline sleeve 3 to move backward and eliminating the gap with the tooth side of the spline shaft 1, the spline shaft 1 can obtain an increasingly large acting force, and the spline shaft 1 increases the tendency of accelerating rotation, which helps to eliminate or reduce the acting impact and noise of the spline sleeve 2 on the spline shaft 1.

[0035] Whether the spline shaft 1 is the driving part or the spline sleeve 2 is the driving part, the return spring 5 in the spline pair of the present invention always has a certain potential energy at any time, which can maintain or gradually restore the mutual cooperation relationship between the spline shaft 1, the movable spline sleeve 3, and the spline sleeve 2, and eliminate the gap during the transmission process of the spline pair.

[0036] According to the foregoing, when the spline shaft 1 and the spline sleeve 2 provide driving forces in opposite directions, the arrangement of the movable spline sleeve 3 and the return spring 5 can also ensure that the flexible backlash-free spline mechanism of the present invention realizes flexible backlash-free transmission.

[0037] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. In addition, the present invention may have other implementation manners. It should be noted that any obvious improvements and modifications shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the concept of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible backlash-free spline drive device, comprising a set of spline shafts and a spline sleeve, which are matched with each other. It is characterized in that: An active spline sleeve is also sleeved on the spline shaft. A support table surface is provided on the spline shaft. The spline shaft is in transmission cooperation with the spline sleeve and the active spline sleeve through ordinary splines; A number of adjusting sleeve teeth are provided on the active spline sleeve. The adjusting sleeve teeth are formed by the inner spline teeth of the active spline sleeve of the active spline sleeve extending out of the end surface of the active spline sleeve. The tooth ends of the extended adjusting sleeve teeth are processed with curved surfaces. The outer walls of a number of adjusting sleeve teeth are within the same cylindrical surface, and the diameter of this cylindrical surface is the same as the diameter of the spline groove of the spline sleeve; The spline teeth at one end of the corresponding spline sleeve are cut, and the cut end surface is the curved surface corresponding to the adjusting sleeve teeth, and the shape and size are matched with the aforementioned adjusting sleeve teeth; During installation, a return spring is sleeved outside the spline shaft. The return spring is in a compressed state, and the two ends of the return spring respectively contact the support table surface of the spline shaft and the end surface of the active spline sleeve without adjusting sleeve teeth; When the return spring is in a compressed state, the two ends of the return spring contact the support table surface of the spline shaft and the end surface of the active spline sleeve. At the same time, there is no contact and a gap is left between the other end surface of the active spline sleeve and the adjacent end surface of the spline sleeve. At this time, the curved surface of the adjusting sleeve teeth contacts the curved surface of the spline sleeve teeth; When the return spring is in a compressed state, the tooth end curved surface of each adjusting sleeve tooth among a number of adjusting sleeve teeth contacts the curved surface of the corresponding tooth end of the spline sleeve to form a mating surface C. The tooth side of each adjusting sleeve tooth contacts the tooth side of the corresponding spline shaft to form a mating surface A. The tooth side of each spline sleeve contacts the tooth side of the corresponding spline shaft to form a mating surface B. The three mating surfaces A, B, and C are in direct contact and have no gap under the action of the return spring; The curved surface of the tooth end of the adjusting sleeve teeth contacts the curved surface of the tooth end of the spline sleeve to form a mating surface C which is a plane, and this plane forms an angle of 15° - 45° with the axis line of the spline shaft.

2. The flexible backlash-free spline drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap is set to be 0.5 - 5 mm.

3. The flexible backlash-free spline drive device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth wall of the active spline sleeve is in sliding fit with the tooth wall of the spline shaft.

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