A welding forming method and device for anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of lightweight logistics equipment manufacturing, and more particularly to a method for welding and forming a deformation-resistant aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam. The method employs simultaneous welding from two different welding starting positions in the middle of the main longitudinal beam to both sides, thereby uniformly heating the main longitudinal beam and obtaining a suitable upper deflection. This method, while ensuring welding efficiency, avoids the phenomenon of excessive instantaneous heat input resulting from the close proximity of the two welding starting positions, which could lead to burn-through of the welded parts. The present invention also provides a device for welding and forming a deformation-resistant aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam. The welding process utilizes a control cabinet to set welding parameters according to different welding conditions. The arc length control and arc force correction functions of the argon arc welding torch assembly are utilized to obtain a reasonable heat input and weld shape, effectively reducing welding deformation. By adjusting the orientation of the six-axis welding robot arm assembly, the argon arc welding torch assembly can be positioned to weld welds at different locations without flipping the product, thereby improving welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightweight logistics equipment manufacturing, and in particular to a welding forming method and device for a main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer. Background Art

[0002] Currently, in the trailer industry, beams are typically assembled using spot welding before being hoisted into a specialized welding fixture for automated welding or welding using a dedicated welding machine. Typically, two dedicated welding machines are used to simultaneously weld the double-sided fillet welds between the lower wing and web, using flat fillet welds and welding from end to end. After welding, a large positioner is used to flip the main longitudinal beam 180°, and the double-sided fillet welds between the upper wing and web are welded in the same manner. Finally, the beam is transferred to a repair welding station. Because the main longitudinal beam is welded from one end to the other, stresses cannot be offset, which can easily cause welding deformation, resulting in a certain degree of deflection and twisting of the main longitudinal beam. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and device for welding and forming the main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer, which can reduce welding deformation and improve welding quality.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a welding forming method for the main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer, while welding the butt welds of the front section beam and the rear section beam along a first direction, and at a preset distance from the butt weld on the front section beam or the rear section beam along a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0005] The present invention also provides a deformation-proof aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam welding and forming device, comprising a main longitudinal beam support platform, a track, a first welder and a second welder;

[0006] The main longitudinal beam support platform and the track are parallel to each other;

[0007] The first welder and the second welder are both slidably arranged on a track. The welding directions of the first welder and the second welder are opposite. The welding starting point of the first welder and the welding starting point of the second welder are spaced 15 cm to 25 cm apart.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: providing a method for welding and forming a main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer, while welding the butt welds of the front beam and the rear beam along a first direction, welding the wing plate and the web of the front beam or the rear beam at a preset distance from the butt weld on the front beam or the rear beam along a second direction opposite to the first direction, adopting two different welding starting positions in the middle of the main longitudinal beam to weld simultaneously on both sides, so that the main longitudinal beam can be heated evenly and obtain a suitable upper deflection, thereby reducing the welding deformation of the longitudinal beam, and in addition, while ensuring the welding efficiency, avoiding the phenomenon of burning through the welded parts due to excessive instantaneous heat input caused by the two welding starting positions being too close. The present invention also provides a welding and forming device for a main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer, comprising a main longitudinal beam support platform, a track, a first welder and a second welder. The main longitudinal beam is placed on the main longitudinal beam support platform, and the movable frames of the first welder and the second welder can move along the guide rails parallel to the main longitudinal beam support platform. The welding directions of the first welder and the second welder are opposite, and the welding starting point of the first welder and the welding starting point of the second welder are spaced 15 cm to 25 cm apart. The first welder and the second welder use two different welding starting positions in the middle of the main longitudinal beam to weld to both sides at the same time, so that the main longitudinal beam is heated evenly and obtains a suitable upper deflection, thereby reducing the welding deformation of the longitudinal beam, avoiding the problem of burning through the welded parts, and improving the welding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a front view of the welding and forming device of the main longitudinal beam of the anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 FIG2 is a top view of a welding and forming device for a main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Description of labels:

[0012] 1-main longitudinal beam support platform; 101-clamp;

[0013] 2-track;

[0014] 3-First welding machine;

[0015] 4- Second welding machine;

[0016] 5-mobile frame; 6-control cabinet; 7-six-axis welding robot arm assembly; 8-argon arc welding gun assembly; 9-sensor assembly; 10-positioning assembly; 11-push-pull assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] To illustrate the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following description is given in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a method for welding and forming a deformation-resistant aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam, wherein, while welding the butt welds of the front beam and the rear beam along a first direction, the flange and web of the front beam or the rear beam are welded at a preset distance from the butt welds along a second direction opposite to the first direction on the front beam or the rear beam.

[0019] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: in order to make the main longitudinal beam heated evenly and obtain a suitable upper deflection to reduce the welding deformation of the main longitudinal beam, welding is carried out simultaneously from the middle of the main longitudinal beam along the first direction and the opposite second direction to both sides respectively. At the same time, in order to avoid the problem of burning through the welded parts due to the two welding starting positions being too close to each other and causing the instantaneous heat input to be too high, the starting point of welding along the first direction is set to the butt weld between the front section beam and the rear section beam, and the starting point of welding along the second direction is located on the side of the butt weld facing the second direction, so that the main longitudinal beam can be heated evenly and obtain a suitable upper deflection. While ensuring welding efficiency, the phenomenon of burning through the welded parts due to the instantaneous heat input being too high due to the two welding starting positions being too close to each other is avoided.

[0020] Furthermore, the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] S1: After the flanges and webs of the front beam are butted together, and the flanges and webs of the rear beam are butted together, the webs of the front beam and the rear beam are butted together;

[0022] S2: Weld the weld at the butt joint between the web of the front section beam and the web of the rear section beam along a first direction on the axis of the main longitudinal beam. At the same time, weld the upper wing plate and web of the front section beam or the rear section beam along a second direction on the axis of the main longitudinal beam opposite to the first direction at a first starting welding point 15 cm to 25 cm away from the butt weld on the front section beam or the rear section beam.

[0023] From the above description, it can be seen that compared with the existing technology, the welding forming method provided by the present invention welds the weld at the butt joint between the web of the front section beam and the web of the rear section beam, and at the same time, welds the upper wing plate and web of the front section beam or the rear section beam in the opposite direction from the first welding point 15cm to 25cm away from the butt weld on the front section beam or the rear section beam, thereby improving the welding efficiency while ensuring the welding quality.

[0024] Furthermore, the interval between the welding starting point of the first welding machine and the welding starting point of the second welding machine is preferably 20 cm.

[0025] Furthermore, the method further includes step S3:

[0026] The upper wing plate and the web plate of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded along the first direction on the axis of the main longitudinal beam starting from the first starting welding point.

[0027] Furthermore, the method further includes step S4:

[0028] The lower wing plate and web of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded along the first direction on the axis of the main longitudinal beam starting from the second welding starting point 15cm to 25cm away from the butt weld on the front section beam or the rear section beam.

[0029] Furthermore, the method further includes step S5:

[0030] The lower wing plate and the web plate of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded along the second direction on the axis of the main longitudinal beam starting from the second starting welding point.

[0031] Furthermore, the welds at the joints between the webs of the front and rear beams are welded by horizontal welding, the upper wing plates and webs of the front or rear beams are welded by flat fillet welding, and the lower wing plates and webs of the front or rear beams are welded by overhead fillet welding.

[0032] Furthermore, the method further includes step S6:

[0033] The welding position is corrected in real time according to the deviation value of the projection point of the welding wire end on the vertical plane from the projection line of the weld on the vertical plane.

[0034] The present invention also provides a deformation-proof aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam welding and forming device, comprising a main longitudinal beam support platform, a track, a first welder and a second welder;

[0035] The main longitudinal beam support platform and the track are parallel to each other;

[0036] The first welder and the second welder are both slidably arranged on a track. The first welder and the second welder have opposite welding directions. The welding starting point of the first welder and the welding starting point of the second welder are spaced 15 cm to 25 cm apart.

[0037] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: in order to make the main longitudinal beam heated evenly and obtain a suitable upper deflection to reduce the welding deformation of the main longitudinal beam, the first welding machine and the second welding machine are used to simultaneously weld from the middle of the main longitudinal beam along a first direction and an opposite second direction respectively. At the same time, in order to avoid the problem of burning through the welded parts due to the instantaneous high heat input caused by the two welding starting positions being too close, the starting point of the first welding machine and the starting point of the second welding machine are set at an interval of 15cm to 25cm.

[0038] Furthermore, the interval between the welding starting point of the first welding machine and the welding starting point of the second welding machine is preferably 20 cm.

[0039] Furthermore, the main longitudinal beam support platform is provided with a clamp for clamping the main longitudinal beam;

[0040] The first welding machine and the second welding machine both include a mobile frame, a control cabinet, a six-axis welding robot arm assembly, an argon arc welding gun assembly, a sensor assembly, a position adjustment assembly and a push-pull wire assembly. The mobile frame is slidably arranged on a track, and the control cabinet, the six-axis welding robot arm assembly, the position adjustment assembly and the push-pull wire assembly are all arranged on the mobile frame. The argon arc welding gun assembly and the sensor assembly are both arranged on the six-axis welding robot arm assembly. The control cabinet is respectively connected to the sensor assembly, the six-axis welding robot arm assembly, the argon arc welding gun assembly, the position adjustment assembly and the push-pull wire assembly.

[0041] As can be seen from the above description, the welding process uses a control cabinet to set welding parameters (welding current, voltage, etc.) according to different welding conditions. At the same time, the arc length control and arc force correction functions of the argon arc welding torch assembly are used to obtain reasonable heat input and weld shape, effectively reducing welding deformation. The sensor assembly detects the position information of the deviation between the welding torch and the weld seam, and then feeds the information back to the control cabinet. The control cabinet then sends instructions to the positioning assembly after calculation and processing to adjust the welding torch posture. By adjusting the orientation of the six-axis welding robot arm assembly, the argon arc welding torch assembly can be used to weld welds in different positions without flipping the product. This solves the problem that the existing flipping process requires large-scale positioning equipment, which is expensive and will cause certain offset and displacement after flipping, resulting in low efficiency and poor accuracy. The push-pull wire assembly is used to achieve long-distance delivery of soft aluminum alloy welding wire. The large-scale contact with the welding wire ensures the wire feeding effect and avoids wire blockage and welding stop during operation. In addition, based on the characteristics of aluminum alloy, the use of thermal pulse arc starting current and digital arc ending solves the problems of unfused welds at the start of the arc and arc craters at the end of the arc, thereby improving welding quality. This device can perform multi-directional welding such as flat fillet welding, horizontal welding, and overhead angle welding. It can continuously weld straight welds and arc welds, reducing the number of welding heads and completely eliminating the need for manual repair welding. The welds are more beautiful, improving the consistency of product welding quality, and also greatly improving assembly efficiency.

[0042] Furthermore, the control cabinet includes a correction module, which is respectively connected to the sensor component and the six-axis welding robot arm component.

[0043] According to the above description, the traditional calibration teaching and reproduction method makes it impossible for the welding machine to perform weld correction in real time. The weld tracking control adopted by the argon arc welding machine of the present invention is to control the welding machine to perform left and right correction in the direction perpendicular to the weld by sending a voltage signal to the correction module in the control cabinet. The argon arc welding gun is fixed to the end joint of the six-axis welding robot assembly, and the sensor assembly is fixed on the argon arc welding gun. The sensor assembly includes a visual sensor, which detects the position deviation between the projection point of the welding wire tip of the argon arc welding gun assembly on the vertical plane and the center of the weld through the visual sensor and sends it to the control cabinet. After the control cabinet processes and converts the deviation signal, it outputs an analog correction voltage signal to the correction module to correct the position of the argon arc welding machine in real time.

[0044] Furthermore, the correction module is a correction control board.

[0045] The specific working principle is:

[0046] The main longitudinal beam that has been assembled and spot-welded is hoisted into the device to ensure that the upper and lower wing panels meet the welding teaching welding (arc) positioning points. After using a stainless steel wire brush to clean the oxide film at the weld site, the upper and lower wing panels of the main longitudinal beam are clamped with a clamp.

[0047] Then the first welder and the second welder are set in the middle position of the autonomous longitudinal beam. The first welder includes machine No. 1 and machine No. 2, and the second welder includes machine No. 3 and machine No. 4. The four welders are started synchronously and welding begins at the same time. Among them, welders No. 1 and No. 2 first start to weld the butt weld between the front web and the rear web to one side. The welding position is horizontal welding. According to the butt groove form, the arc length control is adjusted to +10 to obtain a wider cover weld; at the same time, welders No. 3 and No. 4 start welding from the middle to the other side of the beam, which avoids the phenomenon of burning through the welded parts due to instantaneous excessive heat input caused by arc starting at the same position as welders No. 1 and No. 2; after welding is completed, welders No. 1 and No. 2 connect to the arc starting position of welders No. 3 and No. 4, and weld the connecting fillet weld between the upper wing plate and the web from the middle to one side. The welding position is flat fillet welding. At this time, welders No. 3 and No. 4 have welded half a meter long, and the arc starting point has been effectively expanded by heat conduction.

[0048] After welding the upper wing panel flat, welders 1 and 2 can proceed directly to the lower wing panel overhead welding, welding about one meter without waiting for the positioner to rotate. After welding the upper wing panel flat, welders 3 and 4 immediately take over the arc starting positions of welders 1 and 2, welding the fillet welds between the lower wing panel and the web from the center toward the other end. This is an overhead fillet weld. To account for gravity's effect on droplet transfer force during overhead fillet welds, the arc force correction is adjusted to +5 to reduce weld spatter while achieving the desired weld penetration and appearance. Finally, the welded main longitudinal beam is hoisted to the material rack, where the weld powder on both sides is cleaned and blown away with compressed air. This system ensures that each welder maintains a consistent welding distance, significantly improving assembly efficiency while reducing and preventing weld deformation.

[0049] During the welding process, factors such as beam clamping and welding thermal deformation may cause the weld position to shift, resulting in deviations between the welding gun and the weld center. In particular, the weld position consistency at the gooseneck of the beam is poor, and the traditional calibration teaching and reproduction method cannot achieve real-time weld correction by the welding machine. The weld tracking control of the device uses the voltage signal of the correction control template in the control cabinet to control the left and right correction of the first and second welders in the vertical direction of welding. The argon arc welding gun assembly is fixed to the end joint of the six-axis welding robot assembly, and the sensor assembly is fixed to the argon arc welding gun assembly. The visual sensor detects the position deviation between the projection point of the welding wire tip on the workpiece and the weld center. After the computer processes the deviation signal and converts it, it outputs the analog correction voltage signal to the robot correction control board, which can correct the position of the welding gun in real time.

[0050] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention is: a welding forming method for the main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0051] First, before welding, remove the oxide film on the surface of the front and rear beams. Then, butt the flange and web of the front beam, butt the flange and web of the rear beam, and then butt the web of the front beam and the web of the rear beam.

[0052] Furthermore, the weld seam at the butt joint between the web of the front section beam and the web of the rear section beam is welded along a first direction along the axis of the main longitudinal beam. Simultaneously, the upper flange and web of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded along a second direction along the axis of the main longitudinal beam, opposite to the first direction, at a first starting weld point 15 cm to 25 cm from the butt weld. The weld seam at the butt joint between the web of the front section beam and the web of the rear section beam is welded using a transverse weld.

[0053] Furthermore, the upper wing plate and the web of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded along the first direction on the axis of the main longitudinal beam from the first starting welding point. The upper wing plate and the web of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded by flat fillet welding.

[0054] Furthermore, the lower wing plate and web of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded along the first direction on the axis of the main longitudinal beam starting from a second welding starting point 15 cm to 25 cm away from the butt weld on the front section beam or the rear section beam.

[0055] Finally, starting from the second starting weld point, weld the lower wing and web of the front or rear beam along the second direction along the axis of the main longitudinal beam. The lower wing and web of the front or rear beam are welded using an upward angle weld. Throughout the welding process, the welding position is corrected in real time based on the deviation between the vertical projection of the welding wire end and the vertical projection of the weld. After welding, clean the surface of the front and rear beams of the weld powder.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, embodiment 2 of the present invention is: a deformation-proof aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam welding and forming device, comprising a main longitudinal beam support platform 1, a track 2, a first welder 3 and a second welder 4; the main longitudinal beam support platform 1 and the track 2 are parallel to each other; the first welder 3 and the second welder 4 are both slidably arranged on the track 2, the first welder 3 and the second welder 4 have opposite welding directions, and the starting point of the first welder 3 and the starting point of the second welder 4 are spaced 15 cm to 25 cm apart.

[0057] The main longitudinal beam support platform 1 is provided with a fixture 101 for clamping the main longitudinal beam; the first welding machine 3 and the second welding machine 4 both include a mobile frame 5, a control cabinet 6, a six-axis welding robot arm assembly 7, an argon arc welding gun assembly 8, a sensor assembly 9, a positioning assembly 10 and a push-pull wire assembly 11, the mobile frame 5 is slidably set on the track 2, the control cabinet 6, the six-axis welding robot arm assembly 7, the positioning assembly 10 and the push-pull wire assembly 11 are all set on the mobile frame 5, the argon arc welding gun assembly 8 and the sensor assembly 9 are both set on the six-axis welding robot arm assembly 7, and the control cabinet 6 is respectively connected to the sensor assembly 9, the six-axis welding robot arm assembly 7, the argon arc welding gun assembly 8, the positioning assembly 10 and the push-pull wire assembly 11.

[0058] The control cabinet 6 includes a correction module, which is connected to the sensor component 9 and the six-axis welding robot arm component 7 respectively.

[0059] In summary, the present invention provides a method and device for welding and forming a deformation-resistant aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam. The method adopts two different welding starting positions in the middle of the main longitudinal beam and simultaneously welds to both sides. This allows the main longitudinal beam to be heated evenly and obtain a suitable upper deflection. While ensuring welding efficiency, it avoids the phenomenon of burning through the welded parts due to excessive instantaneous heat input caused by the two welding starting positions being too close. Compared with the prior art, the welding and forming method provided by the present invention welds the upper wing plate and web of the front or rear beam in the opposite direction from the first welding starting point 15cm to 25cm away from the butt weld on the front or rear beam, while welding the weld seam at the butt weld between the web of the front beam and the web of the rear beam. This improves welding efficiency while ensuring welding quality. The welding forming method provided by the present invention first welds the upper wing plate with low rigidity and greater heat input, so that the main longitudinal beam obtains a certain upward deflection, and then welds the lower wing plate with high rigidity and lower heat input (the welding current and voltage of the lower wing plate are lower than those of the upper wing plate), ensuring that the main longitudinal beam can obtain a suitable upward deflection, and the deformation after welding forming is small, and no shaping operation is required. During the welding process, the control cabinet is used to set the welding parameters (welding current, voltage, etc.) according to different welding conditions. At the same time, the arc length control and arc force correction functions of the argon arc welding gun assembly are used to obtain reasonable heat input and weld shape, effectively reducing welding deformation; by adjusting the orientation of the six-axis welding robot arm assembly, the argon arc welding gun assembly can be used to weld welds in different positions without flipping the product; the sensor assembly detects the position information of the deviation between the welding gun and the weld, and then feeds the information back to the control cabinet. After calculation and processing, the control cabinet sends instructions to the positioning assembly to adjust the welding gun posture; the push-pull wire assembly is used to realize long-distance and soft aluminum alloy welding wire transportation, and the wire feeding effect is ensured by large-scale contact with the welding wire to avoid wire blockage and welding stop during operation; in addition, based on the characteristics of aluminum alloy, hot pulse arc starting current and digital arc ending are used to solve the problems of unfused welds at arc starting and arc pits at arc ending, thereby improving welding quality.

[0060] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for welding and forming a main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer, characterized in that: The method is implemented by using an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer main longitudinal beam welding and forming device, which includes a main longitudinal beam support platform, a track, a first welding machine and a second welding machine; the first welding machine includes machines 1 and 2, and the second welding machine includes machines 3 and 4; The main longitudinal beam support platform and the track are parallel to each other; The first welder and the second welder are both slidably arranged on a track, the welding directions of the first welder and the second welder are opposite, and the welding starting point of the first welder and the welding starting point of the second welder are spaced 15 cm to 25 cm apart; The method for welding and forming the main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer comprises the following steps: Hoist the main longitudinal beam that has been assembled and spot-welded into the device, ensure that the upper and lower wing panels meet the welding starting points as instructed, clean the oxide film at the welded area, and then clamp the upper and lower wing panels of the main longitudinal beam with a fixture; Next, the first and second welders are set in the middle of the main longitudinal beam. Welders 1 and 2 start welding the butt weld between the front and rear webs to one side. At the same time, welders 3 and 4 start welding from the middle to the other side of the beam. After welding is completed, welders 1 and 2 take over the arc starting position of welders 3 and 4 and weld the fillet weld between the upper wing and web from the middle to one side. At this time, welders 3 and 4 have welded half a meter long. After welding machines No. 1 and No. 2 complete the welding of the upper wing panel, they directly move on to welding the lower wing panel. After welding machines No. 3 and No. 4 complete the welding of the upper wing panel, they immediately connect to the arc starting position of welding machines No. 1 and No. 2, and weld the fillet welds of the lower wing panel and the web from the middle to the other end. Finally, the welded main longitudinal beam is hoisted as a whole to the material rack, and the post-weld powder on both sides of the weld is cleaned and then blown away with compressed air.

2. The method for welding and forming the main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The welds at the butt joints between the web of the front section beam and the web of the rear section beam are welded by transverse welding, the upper wing plate and web of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded by upward fillet welding, and the lower wing plate and web of the front section beam or the rear section beam are welded by flat fillet welding.

3. The method for welding and forming the main longitudinal beam of an anti-deformation aluminum alloy semi-trailer according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the entire welding process, the welding position is corrected in real time based on the deviation between the projection point of the welding wire end on the vertical plane and the projection line of the weld on the vertical plane.

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