A self-cleaning welding device and method for main longitudinal beam of aluminum alloy semitrailer

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of lightweight logistics equipment manufacturing, and in particular to a self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer, comprising a tooling platform, a guide rail, a tungsten inert gas arc welding machine and a first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism. The present invention also provides a self-cleaning welding method for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer, which specifically comprises the following steps: after the main longitudinal beam is fixed and locked along the axis at intervals of 750mm to 850mm, the main longitudinal beam is spot welded by tungsten inert gas arc welding. The present invention adopts a self-melting welding device and method of tungsten inert gas arc welding, which can carry a large welding current, and utilizes the cathode cleaning effect to remove the oxide film that is easily formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, so that the spot welding seam is completely fused with the parent material. The spot welding seam is a thinner concave weld seam, which has no effect on the subsequent laser tracking and cover welding, and no grinding treatment is required after welding, thereby improving the efficiency of assembly spot welding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lightweight logistics equipment manufacturing, and in particular to a self-cleaning welding device and method for a main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer. Background Art

[0002] The problem of the traditional semi-trailer's steel structure being too bulky has become increasingly obvious. The use of aluminum alloy semi-trailers to replace traditional steel semi-trailers is the future development trend.

[0003] The main longitudinal beam structure of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer adopts aluminum alloy extruded profiles with corresponding cross-section structures as the web and upper and lower wing plates, and then is formed by assembly and welding. Due to the easy generation of oxide film on the surface of aluminum alloy materials and the large thermal conductivity and linear expansion coefficient of aluminum alloy materials, the main longitudinal beam is prone to defects such as incomplete fusion and cracks during welding. The existing welding method of aluminum alloy main longitudinal beams is generally: after assembling and locking the front and rear webs with specific fixtures, the assembled webs and the lower and upper wing plates are hoisted into the positioning fixture in turn by using a crane, and then the cylinder is started to press the assembled webs from the front to the rear into the wing plate groove, and the consumable argon arc welding is used to spot weld and position from the front to the rear in turn. After the spot welding operation, the welding parts need to be polished to prevent the subsequent welding welds covering the spot welding welds from being too convex and affecting the product quality. However, due to the presence of the consumable argon arc spot weld, the laser tracking accuracy of the subsequent welding operation will be affected. In addition, since the weld of the subsequent welding operation covers the spot weld, the weld is poorly formed and the weld toe angle is too small, which is easy to cause stress concentration and has a very adverse effect on its bearing capacity under dynamic load conditions. In addition, the weld formed by the above method is prone to cracking during the lifting process, which is easy to damage the parent material and has certain quality risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a self-cleaning welding device and method for improving the spot welding quality of the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: providing a self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer, comprising a tooling platform, a guide rail, a tungsten inert gas arc welding machine and a first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism;

[0006] The tooling platform is used to support the main longitudinal beam; the guide rail is parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam; the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is slidably arranged on the guide rail; two or more of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms are arranged at intervals in a direction parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam, and the spacing between any two adjacent first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms is in the range of 750mm to 850mm;

[0007] The spacing between any two adjacent spot welding positions on the tungsten inert gas welding machine ranges from 750mm to 850mm, and the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism and the spot welding positions of the tungsten inert gas welding machine are arranged one by one in the direction of the axis of the main longitudinal beam.

[0008] The present invention also provides a self-cleaning welding method for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer, which specifically comprises the following steps: after the main longitudinal beam is fixed and locked along the axis at intervals of 750 mm to 850 mm, tungsten inert gas arc welding is used to spot weld the fixed and locked positions in sequence along the axis of the main longitudinal beam.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer is provided, a tooling platform and a guide rail are arranged to be parallel to each other, a tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is slidably arranged on the guide rail, and two or more first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms are arranged at intervals of 750 mm to 850 mm in a direction parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam, the spacing range of any two adjacent spot welding positions on the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is 750 mm to 850 mm, the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism and the spot welding positions of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine are arranged one by one in the direction of the axis of the main longitudinal beam, and the use of this structure can improve the welding quality while taking into account the practicality and economy of tooling design, and the structure and mechanical properties of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism can also be independently designed according to the main longitudinal beam structure. And through finite element analysis, the clamping spacing and spot welding spacing specified in this way can reduce the cracking during hoisting while ensuring that the main longitudinal beam is tightly plugged in throughout the entire length (after field verification, too large a spacing will not only cause the local plug-in gap between the wing plate and the web to be too large, affecting the product size, but also cause the wing plate to deform in waves, and the welds are prone to cracking during the workpiece transportation process; too small a spacing will increase the tooling cost and time cost, and reduce the efficiency of spot welding). The present invention also provides a self-cleaning welding method for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer. According to the spot welding requirements, the main longitudinal beam is fixed and locked every 750mm to 850mm along the axis, and then the fixed locking positions are spot welded in sequence along the axis of the main longitudinal beam using tungsten inert gas arc welding. In this way, the characteristics of tungsten inert gas arc welding can be fully utilized, the cleaning effect of the cathode of the alternating current on the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam can be improved, and the positioning and self-melting welding effects of the aluminum alloy can be enhanced, so that the fusion depth and excess height can meet the standard requirements, the weld quality can be improved, and the problem of easy cracking of the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam during hoisting can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a self-cleaning welding device for a main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 2 Another structural schematic diagram of a self-cleaning welding device for a main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0012] Description of labels:

[0013] 1-Tooling platform;

[0014] 2-Guide rails;

[0015] 3- Tungsten inert gas welding machine;

[0016] 4-First main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism;

[0017] 5-Second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism;

[0018] 6- Third main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism;

[0019] 7-Manual pressing block;

[0020] 8-Flip the clamping mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to explain the technical content, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention in detail, the following is an explanation in combination with the implementation modes and the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer of the present invention comprises a tooling platform, a guide rail, a tungsten inert gas arc welding machine and a first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism;

[0023] The tooling platform is used to support the main longitudinal beam; the guide rail is parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam; the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is slidably set on the guide rail; more than two of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms are spaced apart in a direction parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam, and the spacing between any two adjacent first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms is in the range of 750mm~850mm; the spacing between any two adjacent spot welding positions on the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is in the range of 750mm~850mm, and the spot welding positions of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism and the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine are arranged one by one in the direction of the axis of the main longitudinal beam.

[0024] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: providing a self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer, setting the tooling platform and the guide rail to be parallel to each other, the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is slidably set on the guide rail, and more than two first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms are spaced at intervals of 750mm~850mm along the direction parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam, so as to adapt to all spot welding stations within the full length of the main longitudinal beam of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer, easy to adjust, and give full play to the characteristics of tungsten inert gas arc welding. Through the adjustment of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism in conjunction with the welding point, the cleaning effect of the cathode of the alternating current on the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam and the positioning and self-fusion welding effect of the aluminum alloy are improved, so that the fusion depth and the excess height meet the standard requirements.

[0025] During the welding process, the diameter of the tungsten electrode used in this device can be selected and adjusted accordingly according to the actual needs of the spot welding penetration. The polarity of the AC current used is periodically changed. The tungsten electrode will not overheat during the positive half-wave, and the larger current can melt the parent material instantly. During the negative half-wave, there is a cathode cleaning effect. The positive ions emitted by the tungsten electrode can break, decompose and clean up the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, so that the oxide film at the weld of the lap joint of the wing plate and the web is automatically cleaned, while avoiding defects such as lack of fusion. No welding wire is needed during the welding process. By partially melting the lap joint of the wing plate and the web, a thinner concave weld can be formed, which not only does not affect the laser tracking of the subsequent robot welding, but also has a preheating effect on the subsequent welding, and also makes the subsequent weld covering the spot welding weld transition smoothly.

[0026] Furthermore, the spot welding length of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine ranges from 20 mm to 40 mm.

[0027] From the above description, it can be seen that by adjusting the distribution distance and spot welding length of the tungsten inert gas welding machine, the positioning, self-fusion welding and self-cleaning effects of the aluminum alloy during the welding process can be enhanced.

[0028] Furthermore, the self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a positioning block, which is arranged on the tooling platform and is used to limit one end of the main longitudinal beam.

[0029] Furthermore, the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the tooling platform.

[0030] From the above description, it can be known that the specific operation steps are: start positioning with the front end of the lower wing plate of the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam close to the positioning block, the web plate of the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam, the front end of the upper wing plate and the front end of the lower wing plate are flush, and the web plate is pressed into the wing plate groove from front to back. During the pressing process, tungsten inert gas arc welding is used to perform spot welding and fix in sequence. At the same time, the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine moves with the assembly position of the main longitudinal beam through the guide rail.

[0031] Furthermore, the self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism, which is slidably arranged on the guide rail and is used to clamp the goose neck of the main longitudinal beam.

[0032] From the above description, it can be seen that the second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism is used to clamp the gooseneck of the main longitudinal beam, and cooperates with the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism to improve the clamping effect of the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam.

[0033] Furthermore, the two guide rails are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the tooling platform, and the two second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms are respectively slidably arranged on the two guide rails and are symmetrically arranged.

[0034] Furthermore, the self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a third main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism, which is slidably arranged on a guide rail and is used to clamp the bent portion of the main longitudinal beam.

[0035] From the above description, it can be seen that the third main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism is used to clamp the bent portion of the main longitudinal beam, and cooperates with the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism and the second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism to ensure the welding accuracy and efficiency of the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam.

[0036] Furthermore, the self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a manual pressing block and a flip pressing mechanism, and the manual pressing block and the flip pressing mechanism are both used to press the wing plate of the main longitudinal beam.

[0037] It can be seen from the above description that the manual pressing block and the flip pressing mechanism play an auxiliary pressing role and have the characteristics of easy disassembly and assembly.

[0038] Furthermore, the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine adopts a cerium tungsten electrode with a diameter ranging from 3mm to 8mm.

[0039] From the above description, it can be seen that a large diameter cerium tungsten electrode is used to meet the needs of using larger currents.

[0040] A self-cleaning welding method for a main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer specifically comprises the following steps: after the main longitudinal beam is fixed and locked along the axis at intervals of 750 mm to 850 mm, the main longitudinal beam is spot welded by tungsten inert gas arc welding.

[0041] From the above description, it can be seen that the beneficial effects of the present invention are: a tungsten inert gas arc welding self-melting process without filling welding wire is adopted, and the welding power supply is an alternating current. During the positive half-wave of the current, the wing plate of the main longitudinal beam with a larger thickness can be instantly melted, and during the negative half-wave of the current, the oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy can be cleaned, which can not only achieve the purpose of breaking the oxide film, but also allow the spot welding weld to be completely fused with the base material, which can meet the pre-assembly lifting requirements, and the weld morphology is conducive to the subsequent covering welding process.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first embodiment of the present invention is: a self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer, comprising a tooling platform 1, a guide rail 2, a tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 and a first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 4;

[0043] The tooling platform 1 is used to support the main longitudinal beam; the guide rail 2 is parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam; the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 is slidably set on the guide rail 2; more than two of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms 4 are arranged at intervals along the direction parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam, the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 4 is a hydraulic clamping device, and the spacing between any two adjacent first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms 4 in this embodiment is 750mm, and the spacing between any two adjacent spot welding positions of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 in this embodiment is 750mm, and the spot welding positions of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 4 and the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 are arranged one by one in the direction of the axis of the main longitudinal beam.

[0044] The spot welding length of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 is 20 mm. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a positioning block, which is arranged on the tooling platform 1, and the positioning block is used to limit one end of the main longitudinal beam. The first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 4 is fixed on one side of the tooling platform 1. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 5, which is slidably arranged on the guide rail 2, and the second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 5 is used to clamp the goose neck of the main longitudinal beam. The two guide rails 2 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the tooling platform 1, and the two second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms 5 are respectively slidably arranged on the two guide rails 2 and are symmetrically arranged. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a third main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 6, which is slidably arranged on the guide rail 2, and the third main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 6 is used to clamp the bending part of the main longitudinal beam. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a manual clamping block 7 and a flip clamping mechanism 8, both of which are used to clamp the wing plate of the main longitudinal beam. The tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 uses a cerium tungsten electrode with a diameter of 3mm. The tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3, the second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 5 and the third main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism 6 are all provided with rollers adapted to the guide rail 2, and the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 includes a traveling frame, and the four rollers are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the traveling frame.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the difference between the second embodiment of the present invention and the first embodiment is that the spacing between any two adjacent first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms 4 in this embodiment is 850 mm, and the spacing between any two adjacent spot welding positions of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 in this embodiment is 850 mm. The spot welding length of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 is 40 mm. The tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 uses a cerium tungsten electrode with a diameter of 8 mm.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the difference between the third embodiment of the present invention and the first embodiment is that the spacing between any two adjacent first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms 4 in this embodiment is 800 mm, and the spacing between any two adjacent spot welding positions of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 in this embodiment is 800 mm. The spot welding length of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 is 30 mm. The tungsten inert gas arc welding machine 3 uses a cerium tungsten electrode with a diameter of 5 mm.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the fourth embodiment of the present invention is: a self-cleaning welding method for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer, which specifically includes the following steps: after the main longitudinal beam is fixed and locked along the axis every 750mm~850mm, tungsten inert gas arc welding is used to spot weld the fixed locking positions along the axis of the main longitudinal beam in sequence.

[0048] In summary, the present invention adopts the self-fusion welding method of tungsten inert gas arc welding, which can carry a large welding current and utilize the cathode cleaning effect to remove the oxide film that is easily formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy material, so that the spot welding seam is completely fused with the parent material. The spot welding seam is a thinner concave weld seam, which has no effect on the subsequent laser tracking and cover welding, and no grinding treatment is required after welding, thereby improving the efficiency of assembly spot welding.

[0049] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semi-trailer. It is characterized in that The self-melting process of tungsten inert gas arc welding without filling welding wire is adopted, and alternating current is adopted, including a tooling platform, a guide rail, a tungsten inert gas arc welding machine and a first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism; The tooling platform is used to support the main longitudinal beam; the guide rail is parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam; the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is slidably arranged on the guide rail; more than two of the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms are arranged at intervals along the direction parallel to the axis of the main longitudinal beam, and the spacing range between any two adjacent first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms is 750mm~850mm; the spacing range between any two adjacent spot welding positions on the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine is 750mm~850mm, and the first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism and the spot welding positions of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine are arranged one by one in the direction of the axis of the main longitudinal beam; The spot welding length of the tungsten inert gas arc welding machine ranges from 20 mm to 40 mm; The tungsten inert gas arc welding machine uses a cerium tungsten electrode with a diameter ranging from 3mm to 8mm; The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a positioning block, which is arranged on the tooling platform and is used to limit one end of the main longitudinal beam; The first main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism is fixedly arranged on one side of the tooling platform; Start positioning with the front end of the lower wing panel of the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam close to the positioning block. The web of the aluminum alloy longitudinal beam, the front end of the upper wing panel and the front end of the lower wing panel are flush. Press the web into the wing panel groove from front to back. During the pressing process, use tungsten inert gas welding to perform spot welding and fix it in sequence. At the same time, the tungsten inert gas welding machine moves with the assembly position of the main longitudinal beam through the guide rail.

2. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer also includes a second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism, which is slidably arranged on a guide rail and is used to clamp the goose neck of the main longitudinal beam.

3. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The two guide rails are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the tooling platform, and the two second main longitudinal beam clamping mechanisms are respectively slidably arranged on the two guide rails and are symmetrically arranged.

4. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer also includes a third main longitudinal beam clamping mechanism, which is slidably arranged on a guide rail and is used to clamp the bent portion of the main longitudinal beam.

5. The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of an aluminum alloy semitrailer according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The self-cleaning welding device for the main longitudinal beam of the aluminum alloy semi-trailer also includes a manual pressing block and a flip pressing mechanism, and the manual pressing block and the flip pressing mechanism are both used to press the wing plate of the main longitudinal beam.

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