A three-external flow guide condenser

Abstract

A triple-external flow guide condenser primarily comprises a shell and a heat transfer tube bundle mounted within the shell. Tube boxes mounted at both ends of the shell include several external flow guide structures coaxially mounted with the shell, sealed at both ends and the middle of the shell, and communicating with the shell's interior. Fluid inlets and outlets are mounted on the external flow guide structures. The shell-side process fluid inlet and outlet of the present invention utilize a triple-external flow guide structure to reduce shell-side fluid resistance drop, improve shell-side inlet and outlet fluid distribution, enhance equipment compactness, increase heat transfer efficiency, and improve the separation efficiency of the liquid phase and non-condensable gas at the shell-side fluid outlet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vacuum space wall condensation heat transfer, and in particular relates to a three-external flow guide condenser. Background Art

[0002] Currently, vacuum space-wall condensation heat transfer technologies mostly use a shell-side no-external flow guide or a shell-side single-external flow guide structure. This structure uses a single inlet and two outlets on the shell side, creating a split-stage cooling technology. However, this has drawbacks such as complex equipment structure, large shell-side resistance drop, inadequate separation of non-condensable gas and condensate on the shell side, and high levels of liquid in the non-condensable gas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a three-external flow guide condenser with simple structure, reduced resistance, compactness and high efficiency, and high efficiency in separating non-condensable gas and condensate in the shell side for large-load vacuum space wall condensation heat transfer technology.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A three-external flow guide condenser mainly includes a shell and a heat transfer tube bundle installed in the shell. The tube boxes installed at both ends of the shell include several external flow guide structures. The external flow guide structures are installed coaxially with the shell and are sealed at both ends and the middle of the shell and are connected to the inner cavity of the shell. The external flow guide structures are installed with fluid inlets or outlets.

[0006] The outer flow guide structure is composed of an outer flow guide tube and an inner distribution tube coaxially installed. The outer flow guide tube is connected to the inner cavity of the shell through the inner distribution tube. A fluid inlet or outlet is installed on the outer flow guide tube.

[0007] The end inner distribution tubes of the external flow guide structure at both ends of the shell have no holes in the hot fluid inlet area, and oblong holes are evenly opened in the remaining parts to make the end outer flow guide tubes communicate with the inner cavity of the shell, and a shell-side fluid inlet is provided on the upper part of the end outer flow guide tubes.

[0008] The shell inlet and outlet of the present invention utilize three external flow-guiding structures: two located at each end of the shell and one located in the middle. The two external flow-guiding tubes at the shell ends significantly reduce the velocity of the shell inlet fluid entering the tube bundle, thereby reducing the pressure drop on the shell-side fluid inlet side. The external flow-guiding tube in the middle of the shell provides separation space for the full separation of shell-side non-condensable gas and condensate, improving the shell-side inlet and outlet fluid distribution. The three external flow-guiding structures of the shell eliminate the need to consider the distribution of the shell fluid and the anti-collision space when arranging the heat exchange tubes on the condenser tube sheet, thereby achieving a full coverage of heat exchange tubes on the tube sheet and avoiding short-circuiting of the shell-side fluid. For condensation conditions involving non-condensable gas, avoiding short-circuiting of the shell-side fluid is significantly beneficial to improving the heat transfer efficiency of the condenser and increasing the available space and heat exchange area of ​​the condenser. Furthermore, the effective separation of shell-side non-condensable gas and condensate also increases the heat transfer efficiency of the shell-side fluid in the heat exchanger, thereby improving the overall heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the shell side cross section of the present invention;

[0011] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the middle guide tube of the present invention.

[0012] Figure numerals: front tube box 1; end inner distribution tube 2; shell 3; middle inner distribution tube 4; rear tube box 5; support 6; tube-side fluid outlet 7; shell-side fluid inlet 8; end outer draft tube 9; demister 10; shell-side non-condensable gas outlet 11; middle outer draft tube 12; tube-side exhaust port 13; tube-side condensate outlet 14; tube bundle support plate 15; shell-side condensate outlet 16; baffle 17; shell-side condensate outlet 18; tube-side fluid inlet 19; heat transfer tube bundle 20. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] The present invention and its beneficial effects are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] like Figure 1 As shown, the condenser structure of a triple-external flow condenser includes a front tube box 1, a shell 3, a rear tube box 5, a heat transfer tube bundle 20, and a support 6. The front tube box 1 and rear tube box 5 are sealed to the tube sheets at both ends of the heat transfer tube bundle 20. The shell 3 is connected to the tube sheets at both ends of the heat transfer tube bundle 20 and encloses the heat transfer tube bundle within the shell. The support 6 supports the entire condenser, which is arranged horizontally. In this invention, a cold fluid flows within the heat transfer tube bundle, while a hot fluid flows outside the heat transfer tube bundle. Heat is transferred between the hot and cold fluids through the intervening wall. After heat exchange, the hot fluid condenses into a liquid and a small amount of non-condensable gas is separated.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , the heat transfer process of the condenser is as follows: the tube-side fluid flows into the front tube box 1 (a partition plate is provided in the tube box 1) from the tube-side fluid inlet 19, enters the tube bundle 20 from the front tube box 1, exchanges heat with the shell-side fluid partition wall, and then returns to the front tube box 1 and flows out from the tube-side fluid outlet 7. The upper and lower parts of the rear tube box 5 are respectively provided with a tube-side exhaust port 13 and a tube-side condensate outlet 14.

[0016] Several external flow-guiding structures are added to the structure of the above-mentioned condenser. The external flow-guiding structures are coaxially installed with the shell 3, and are sealed at both ends and the middle of the shell 3 and are connected with the inner cavity of the shell 3. The external flow-guiding structures are equipped with fluid inlets or outlets to form a three-external flow-guiding condensation as described in the present invention.

[0017] Reference Figure 2The external flow guide structure consists of a coaxially mounted outer flow guide tube and an inner distribution tube. The inner distribution tube can also be part of the shell 3. The outer flow guide tube is connected to the inner cavity of the shell 3 through the inner distribution tube. The outer flow guide tube is equipped with a fluid inlet or outlet. The external flow guide structure is composed of an outer flow guide tube and an inner distribution tube to achieve the functions of guiding, distributing, and separating the shell-side fluid.

[0018] The end inner distribution tube 2 of the external flow-guiding structure at both ends of the shell 3 has no holes in the hot fluid inlet area to prevent the shell-side fluid from scouring the tube bundle and causing vibration. Long circular holes are evenly opened in the remaining parts to make the end outer flow-guiding tube 9 communicate with the inner cavity of the shell 3 to allow the shell-side fluid to enter the tube bundle evenly, and a shell-side fluid inlet 8 is provided on the upper part of the end outer flow-guiding tube 9.

[0019] The lower part of the end outer guide tube 9 of the outer guide structure at both ends of the shell 3 is provided with a shell-side condensate discharge port 16 to ensure the process performance of the condenser.

[0020] The central inner distribution tube 4 of the external flow-guiding structure, located in the center of the shell 3, has oblong holes at its upper and lower portions, allowing the central outer flow-guiding tube 12 to communicate with the inner cavity of the shell 3, ensuring complete discharge of both shell-side condensate and non-condensable liquids. The rest of the central inner distribution tube 4 remains unperforated to prevent short-circuiting of the shell-side fluids and fully utilize the condenser area. A shell-side non-condensable gas outlet 11 is located at the top of the central outer flow-guiding tube 12.

[0021] A shell-side condensate outlet 18 is provided at the bottom of the middle outer guide tube 12 of the outer guide structure in the middle of the shell 3 to ensure the process performance of the condenser.

[0022] A demister 10 is provided at the shell-side non-condensable gas outlet 11 to ensure the dryness of the non-condensable gas on the shell side of the condenser.

[0023] The heat exchange tubes of the condenser heat transfer tube bundle 20 are threaded tubes or corrugated tubes to improve the heat transfer performance of the condenser.

[0024] The working process of the present invention is as follows: the shell-side fluid first enters the end outer guide tube 9 through the shell-side fluid inlet 8, the shell-side fluid first flows to the non-perforated portion of the end inner distribution tube 2, and after being blocked and anti-impacted, diffuses and slows down in the end outer guide tube 9. The end of the end inner distribution tube 2 of the shell-side fluid is not perforated, and after being evenly distributed through the distribution holes of the end inner distribution tube 2, the shell-side fluid enters the heat transfer tube bundle 20, and exchanges heat with the wall between the tube-side fluid and condenses in the heat transfer tube bundle 20.

[0025] After the shell-side fluid is condensed through tube bundle 20 due to heat transfer, the non-condensable gas enters the middle outer draft tube 12 through the upper opening of the middle inner distributor tube 4 for diffusion and primary separation. The initially separated non-condensable gas then flows upward through the demister 10 for secondary separation before exiting through the shell-side non-condensable gas outlet 11. The condensed liquid enters the middle outer draft tube through the lower opening of the middle inner distributor tube 4 and exits through the shell-side condensate outlet 18.

[0026] The shell-side process fluid inlet and outlet of the present invention adopts a three-external guide structure to reduce shell-side fluid resistance drop, improve equipment compactness, increase heat transfer efficiency, and improve the separation efficiency of the shell-side fluid outlet liquid phase and non-condensable gas.

[0027] The present invention adopts a three-external flow guide structure, which takes into account the anti-impact and flow guidance of the shell-side fluid, and takes into account the complete discharge of the shell-side non-condensable gas and condensate, ensuring the full separation of the non-condensable gas and condensate, and at the same time realizes the full distribution of the tube bundle heat exchange tubes, avoiding the short circuit of the shell-side fluid. For the condensation condition containing non-condensable gas, avoiding the short circuit of the shell-side fluid is of great benefit to the improvement of the heat transfer efficiency of the condenser and increases the heat exchange area of ​​the condenser.

Claims

1. A three-external flow guide condenser mainly comprises a shell and a heat transfer tube bundle installed in the shell, and a tube box installed at both ends of the shell, characterized in that: The invention comprises a plurality of external flow guide structures, which are coaxially mounted with the shell (3), are sealed and mounted at both ends and the middle of the shell (3) and are connected to the inner cavity of the shell (3), and are provided with a fluid inlet or outlet on the external flow guide structure; the external flow guide structure is composed of an external flow guide tube and an inner distribution tube coaxially mounted, the external flow guide tube is connected to the inner cavity of the shell (3) through the inner distribution tube, and is provided with a fluid inlet or outlet on the external flow guide tube; the inner distribution tube (2) at the end of the external flow guide structure at both ends of the shell (3) has no opening in the hot fluid inlet area, and the other parts are uniformly provided with oblong holes so that the external flow guide tube at the end is The guide tube (9) is connected to the inner cavity of the shell (3), and the upper part of the end outer guide tube (9) is provided with a shell-side fluid inlet (8), and the lower part of the end outer guide tube (9) is provided with a shell-side condensate outlet (16); the upper and lower parts of the middle inner distribution tube (4) of the outer guide structure in the middle of the shell (3) are provided with oblong holes so that the middle outer guide tube (12) is connected to the inner cavity of the shell (3), and the top of the middle outer guide tube (12) of the outer guide structure in the middle of the shell (3) is provided with a shell-side non-condensable gas outlet (11), and the bottom of the middle outer guide tube (12) is provided with a shell-side condensate outlet (18).

2. The three-external flow guide condenser according to claim 1, characterized in that: A demister (10) is provided at the shell-side non-condensable gas outlet (11).

3. A three-external flow guide condenser according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The heat exchange tubes of the condenser heat transfer tube bundle (20) are threaded tubes or corrugated tubes.

Images