Balancing structure for a governor

Abstract

A fluid regulator includes an actuator assembly disposed in a valve body. A sleeve includes a cylindrical wall, a first plate, and a second plate. Each of the first plate and the second plate is disposed in a cavity of the sleeve. A valve stem extends through the sleeve and is axially aligned with a longitudinal axis of the body and includes a passage extending partially through the valve stem. The actuator assembly includes a first piston and a second piston. A first chamber, a second chamber, a third chamber, and a fourth chamber are separately disposed between the sleeve, the first plate or the second plate, or the first piston or the second piston. The first chamber and the third chamber are in fluid communication, and the second chamber and the fourth chamber are in fluid communication via the passage of the valve stem. The actuator assembly actuates a control element in response to a fluid pressure receivable in the first chamber, the second chamber, the third chamber, and / or the fourth chamber.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to an adjuster, and more specifically, to an axial adjuster. Background Technology

[0002] Industrial processing plants use pressure regulators in a wide variety of applications, such as controlling the flow rate of fluids (e.g., gases, liquids) during processing operations. Traditional regulator valves consist of a valve body divided into several parts that must be tightly secured together to maintain the regulator's internal pressure. The valve body requires multiple mounting flanges and bolts and must be able to be disassembled to access the regulator's internal components for servicing or replacement. Summary of the Invention

[0003] According to a first exemplary aspect, a regulator may include: a valve body defining an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet; a valve seat; and a control element movable relative to the valve body between a closed position and an open position, wherein in the closed position the control element engages the valve seat, and in the open position the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat. An actuator assembly may be operatively coupled to the control element. The actuator assembly may include a sleeve and a valve stem, the sleeve including a first plate and a second plate, the valve stem being operatively coupled to the control element and extending through the sleeve. The valve stem may include an internal passage. A first piston may be coupled to the valve stem and may be disposed within the sleeve and between the first and second plates. A second piston may be coupled to the valve stem and disposed within the sleeve and on the side of the second plate opposite to the first piston. A first piston, a second piston, a first plate, and a second plate may collectively define: a first chamber disposed between the first plate and the first piston; a second chamber disposed between the first piston and the second plate; a third chamber disposed between the second plate and the second piston; and a fourth chamber configured to be opposite the second piston and the third chamber. The first and third chambers may be in fluid communication, and the second and fourth chambers may be in fluid communication via a passage in the valve stem. The flow path may be peripherally positioned relative to the actuator assembly.

[0004] According to a second exemplary aspect, a fluid regulator may include a valve body having an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet. An actuator assembly may be inserted into the valve body through one of the inlet or the outlet. The actuator assembly may include a sleeve and two or more pistons, the two or more pistons defining a plurality of chambers within the sleeve and being coupled to a valve stem. Two or more of the chambers may be fluidly connected via a passage within the valve stem. The flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet may be peripherally positioned relative to the actuator assembly.

[0005] According to a third exemplary aspect, a method of assembling a regulator may include providing a monolithic valve body. The valve body may define an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and outlet. The valve body may include an orifice internally positioned relative to the flow path and extending along a longitudinal axis of the valve body. The method may include assembling an actuator assembly. The actuator assembly may include a sleeve, a valve stem, a first piston, and a second piston. Furthermore, the method may include operatively coupling a control element to the valve stem and aligning the actuator assembly with the longitudinal axis of the valve body. The method may include inserting the actuator assembly into the valve body and holding the actuator assembly within the valve body by operatively coupling fittings to the valve body.

[0006] According to a fourth exemplary aspect, and according to a first exemplary aspect, a fluid control device may include a valve body defining an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet. A control element may be movable between a closed position and an open position along a longitudinal axis between the inlet and the outlet, in the closed position engaging a valve seat and in the open position spaced apart from the valve seat. A valve stem may be operatively coupled to the control element and axially aligned with the longitudinal axis. An indicator assembly may be at least partially disposed in a bore of the valve body along an indicator axis not parallel to the longitudinal axis. Movement of the valve stem along the longitudinal axis may cause movement of a rod of the indicator assembly along or about the indicator axis to indicate the position of the control element.

[0007] According to a fifth exemplary aspect, and according to a second exemplary aspect, a fluid control device may include a valve body defining an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet. A control element may be movable along a longitudinal axis of the valve body between a closed position and an open position, in which the control element engages a valve seat and in the open position, the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat. A valve stem may be operatively coupled to the control element and axially aligned with the longitudinal axis. An indicator assembly may be at least partially disposed in a bore of the valve body along an indicator axis not parallel to the longitudinal axis. The indicator assembly may include a roller that contacts a conical cap connected to the valve stem. A rod may be coupled to the roller, and movement of the roller along the cap may cause movement of the rod along the indicator axis to indicate the position of the control element relative to the valve seat.

[0008] According to a sixth exemplary aspect, and according to a third exemplary aspect, an indicator assembly for use with a fluid control device may include a lever at least partially positioned within the body of the fluid control device along an indicator axis. At least one feature may be operatively coupled to the lever and operatively coupled to a valve stem of the fluid control device. The indicator assembly may be configured to convert movement of the valve stem along a longitudinal axis not parallel to the indicator axis into movement along or around the indicator axis to indicate the position of a control element of the fluid control device.

[0009] According to a seventh exemplary aspect, a fluid control device may include a valve body defining an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet. The fluid control device may include a valve seat and a control element. The control element is movable relative to the valve body between a closed position, in which the control element engages the valve seat, and in an open position, the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat. An actuator assembly may control fluid flow through the fluid control device in response to sensed pressure. The actuator assembly may be operatively coupled to the control element. The actuator assembly may include a cavity defining a sensing chamber and may include a first valve stem operatively coupled to the control element and extending through the sensing chamber. A second valve stem may be operatively disposed between the sensing chamber and the outlet. The second valve stem may be configured to engage the first valve stem of the actuator assembly in a first operating mode and disengage from the first valve stem in a second operating mode. The second valve stem may be configured to apply a force to the first valve stem of the actuator assembly in the first operating mode.

[0010] According to an eighth exemplary aspect, a fluid control device may include a valve body defining an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet. The fluid control device may include a valve seat and a control element. The control element is movable relative to the valve body between a closed position, in which the control element engages the valve seat, and in an open position, the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat. A balancing assembly may be operatively coupled to the control element in a first operating mode and decoupled from the control element in a second operating mode. The balancing assembly may be configured to apply a force to the control element in the first operating mode to push the control element toward the valve seat.

[0011] According to a ninth exemplary aspect, the control system may include a first axial adjuster. The first axial adjuster may include an inlet, an outlet, a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet, and an actuator assembly. The actuator assembly of the first axial adjuster may include a first chamber and a second chamber. The second chamber may be in fluid communication with the outlet. A second axial adjuster may be operatively coupled to the first axial adjuster. The second axial adjuster may include an inlet, an outlet, a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet, and an actuator assembly, all in fluid communication with the outlet of the first axial adjuster. The second axial adjuster may be located downstream of the first axial adjuster. A first pilot may be in fluid communication with the first chamber of the first actuator assembly. The first pilot may have a first pressure setpoint. The second pilot may be in fluid communication with the first pilot and may be in fluid communication with the second chamber of the first actuator assembly. A second pressure setpoint of the second pilot may be lower than the first pressure setpoint. In a first operating mode, the second axial adjuster may maintain the control pressure of the control system, and in a second operating mode, the first axial adjuster may maintain the control pressure of the control system.

[0012] Further, according to any one or more of the foregoing first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth and ninth aspects, a fluid regulator, fluid control device, control system and / or a method of assembling a fluid regulator may include any one or more of the following preferred forms.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the passageway of the valve stem may include a radial passage and a longitudinal passage.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the radial channel may be in fluid communication with the second chamber, and the longitudinal channel may be in fluid communication with the fourth chamber.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the orifice of the first plate can be designed to receive a first portion of the valve stem, and the orifice of the second plate can be designed to receive a second portion of the valve stem.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the first portion of the valve stem may be different from the outer diameter of the second portion of the valve stem.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, the first channel may extend through the valve body and may be in fluid communication with the first chamber and the third chamber.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment, the second channel may extend through the valve body and may be in fluid communication with the second chamber and the fourth chamber.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment, the second passage may extend partially through the valve stem.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the second passage may be in fluid communication with both the first chamber and the third chamber.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the path may extend fluidly at least partially between the sleeve and the valve body and may connect the first chamber and the third chamber.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the path may include a plurality of channels formed in the sleeve.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve can be held within the valve body via an inlet fitting.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the control element may include a plurality of spokes extending between the central hub and the outer ring.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the central hub may define a hub orifice, the size of which is designed to receive the valve stem.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, in the closed position, the outer ring may be arranged to engage the valve seat.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, a drain hole may be formed in the valve body and the flow path may be fluidly connected to the outside of the valve body.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve may include a first sleeve portion and a second sleeve portion, the first sleeve portion including a first plate and the second sleeve portion including a second plate.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the fluid pressure in the second and fourth chambers can be used to move the control element toward the closed position, and the fluid pressure in the first and third chambers can be used to move the control element toward the open position.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve may include a cylindrical wall, a first plate, and a second plate spaced apart from the first plate.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the cylindrical wall may define a cavity, and each of the first plate and the second plate may be disposed within the cavity.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the plurality of chambers may include: a first chamber disposed between a first plate of the sleeve and a first piston; a second chamber disposed between the first piston and a second plate; a third chamber disposed between the second plate and the second piston; and a fourth chamber configured to be opposite the second piston and the third chamber.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the first chamber and the third chamber are in fluid communication, and the second chamber and the fourth chamber are in fluid communication via a passage in the valve stem.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the passageway of the valve stem may include a radial passage and a longitudinal passage.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the radial channel may be in fluid communication with the second chamber, and the longitudinal channel may be in fluid communication with the fourth chamber.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the passage may be formed in the cylindrical wall of the sleeve.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the actuator assembly may include a control element and may be configured to actuate the control element between an open position and a closed position in response to fluid pressure that can be received in at least one of the first chamber, the second chamber, the third chamber, and the fourth chamber.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, inserting the actuator component may include inserting the actuator component through the inlet.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment, the accessory may be an inlet accessory.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the method may include coupling a spacer to the valve body such that the fittings and the actuator assembly can be removed when the regulator is installed in the pipeline.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the method may include securing the first piston to the valve stem such that a radial passage forming a first passage in the valve stem is adjacent to the downstream surface of the first piston.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the method may include securing the first piston to the valve stem such that a radial passage of a second passage formed in the valve stem is adjacent to the upstream surface of the first piston.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment, the method may include securing the first piston to the valve stem such that a radial passage of a second passage formed in the valve stem is adjacent to the upstream surface of the second piston.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, assembling the actuator assembly may include slidably coupling a first portion of the valve stem to a first plate of the sleeve, and slidably coupling a second portion of the valve stem to a second plate of the sleeve.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, the outer diameter of the first portion may be different from the outer diameter of the second portion.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator axis may be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

[0047] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator assembly may include an indicator coupled to the lever and capable of extending outside the valve body.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator assembly may include a plug coupled to the valve body.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator can be slidably coupled to the plug.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment, when the control element is in the open position, the indicator may extend a first distance outside the valve body, and when the control element is in the closed position, the indicator may extend a second distance outside the valve body.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment, the first distance may be greater than the second distance.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator assembly may include a spring disposed between the plug and a spring seat carried by the rod.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the spring can bias the rod toward the valve stem.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment, the cap may be located at one end of the valve stem and may include an inclined surface.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment, the cap may have a wide first end and a narrow second end.

[0056] In a preferred embodiment, when the control element is in the open position, the first end of the cap can contact the rod, and when the control element is in the closed position, the second end of the cap can contact the rod.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator assembly may include a roller that contacts the cap.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator assembly may include a rope and a roller.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment, the rope may be operably coupled to the valve stem at a first end and to the rod at a second end.

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the rope and the roller may be configured to convert the axial movement of the valve stem into the axial movement of the rod.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator assembly may include an arm hingedly coupled to the valve stem and hingedly coupled to the rod.

[0062] In a preferred embodiment, the arm may be configured to convert axial movement of the valve stem into axial movement of the rod.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, axial movement of the valve stem can cause rotational movement of the rod.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the valve stem may include a corrugated surface, and the stem may include a corrugated surface rotatably coupled to the corrugated surface of the valve stem.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, when the valve stem moves in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the valve body, the corrugated surface of the valve stem can engage with the corrugated surface of the rod to allow the rod to rotate about the indicator axis.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator assembly may include a spring that biases the roller toward the conical cap.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the indicator can be coupled to the rod and can extend outside the body.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one feature may be configured to engage with a cap disposed at one end of the valve stem and may have an inclined surface.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment, when the control element is in the first position, the feature portion can be positioned at the wide end of the cap, and when the control element is in the second position, the feature portion can be positioned at the narrow end of the cap.

[0070] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one feature may be a roller that contacts the cap.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the at least one feature may include a rope and a roller.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, the end cap can be operatively coupled to the valve body.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the end cap may at least partially surround the second rod.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, a seal may be disposed between the second valve stem and the end cap to isolate the sensing chamber and the outlet.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment, the sensed pressure in the second operating mode may be substantially equal to the fluid pressure at the outlet.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the sensed pressure in the first operating mode may be less than the fluid pressure at the outlet.

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the second valve stem can slide relative to the end cap.

[0078] In a preferred embodiment, the balancing component may be movably disposed within the valve body.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the actuator assembly can control the flow of fluid through the fluid control device in response to sensed pressure.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the actuator assembly may include a cavity defining a sensing chamber, and a valve stem operatively coupled to the control element and extending through the sensing chamber.

[0081] In a preferred embodiment, the balancing structure assembly may include a floating rod disposed between the sensing chamber of the actuator assembly and the outlet of the valve body.

[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the floating rod can contact the valve stem of the actuator assembly in the first operating mode.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment, the floating rod may be spaced apart from the valve stem of the actuator assembly in the second operating mode.

[0084] In a preferred embodiment, a portion of the balancing assembly may be fixed to the valve stem of the actuator assembly.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment, the actuator assembly of each of the first and second axial adjusters may include a control element and a valve seat.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment, the control element of each actuator assembly is movable relative to the valve body between a closed position and an open position, wherein in the closed position the control element engages the valve seat, and in the open position the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the first axial adjuster may include a balancing assembly operatively coupled to a control element of the first axial adjuster.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, during the first operating mode, the balancing component of the first axial adjuster can be configured to apply a force to the control element to push the control element toward the valve seat.

[0089] In a preferred embodiment, the second axial adjuster may include a balancing component that is operably decoupled from the control element of the second axial adjuster in the first operating mode.

[0090] In a preferred embodiment, the balancing component of the second axial adjuster can be operatively coupled to the control element of the second axial adjuster.

[0091] In a preferred embodiment, in the second operating mode, the balancing component of the second axial adjuster can be configured to apply a force to the control element to push the control element toward the valve seat.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, the third controller may be in fluid communication with the outlet of the second axial adjuster.

[0093] Any one or more of these aspects can be considered separately and / or combined with each other in any functionally appropriate manner. Furthermore, any one or more of these aspects may further include any one or more of the optional exemplary arrangements and / or features described below and / or be implemented therein. These and other aspects, arrangements, features, and / or technical effects will become apparent upon detailed examination of the accompanying drawings and the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0094] Figure 1 This is a perspective sectional view of an adjuster assembled according to the teachings of this disclosure, showing the adjuster in the fully open position;

[0095] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partially exploded three-dimensional sectional view of the regulator;

[0096] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A front sectional view of the regulator, showing the regulator in the closed position;

[0097] Figure 4A yes Figure 3 An enlarged view of a portion of the regulator, showing the sealing assembly;

[0098] Figure 4B yes Figure 3Enlarged view of different parts of the regulator;

[0099] Figure 4C yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of different parts of the regulator;

[0100] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the first exemplary valve stem of the regulator;

[0101] Figure 6A Is Figure 3 Obtained at point II Figure 1 A first exemplary cross-sectional view of the regulator;

[0102] Figure 6B Is Figure 3 Obtained at point II Figure 1 A second exemplary cross-sectional view of the regulator;

[0103] Figure 7 Is Figure 3 Obtained at point II-II Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the regulator;

[0104] Figure 8A yes Figure 1 A front sectional view of the regulator, showing the regulator in the closed position;

[0105] Figure 8B yes Figure 1 A top cross-sectional view of the regulator, showing the regulator in the closed position;

[0106] Figure 9A yes Figure 1 A front sectional view of the regulator, showing the regulator in a partially open position;

[0107] Figure 9B yes Figure 1 A top cross-sectional view of the regulator, showing the regulator in a partially open position;

[0108] Figure 10A yes Figure 1 A front sectional view of the regulator, showing the regulator in the fully open position;

[0109] Figure 10B yes Figure 1 A top cross-sectional view of the regulator, showing the regulator in the fully open position;

[0110] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of a second exemplary valve stem assembled in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure;

[0111] Figure 11AIt was obtained from AA. Figure 11 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0112] Figure 11B It was obtained from BB. Figure 11 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0113] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of a third exemplary valve stem assembled in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure;

[0114] Figure 12A It was obtained from AA. Figure 12 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0115] Figure 12B It was obtained from BB. Figure 12 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0116] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of a fourth exemplary valve stem assembled in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure;

[0117] Figure 13A It was obtained from AA. Figure 13 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0118] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of a fifth exemplary valve stem assembled in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure;

[0119] Figure 14A It was obtained from AA. Figure 14 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0120] Figure 14B It was obtained from BB. Figure 14 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0121] Figure 14C It was obtained at CC. Figure 14 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0122] Figure 14D It was obtained from DD. Figure 14 A sectional view of the valve stem;

[0123] Figure 15 yes Figure 3 An enlarged view that shows Figure 1 A first exemplary indicator component of the regulator;

[0124] Figure 16 It is assembled and set according to the teachings of this disclosure. Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the second exemplary indicator component in the regulator;

[0125] Figure 16AIt was obtained from AA. Figure 16 A partial cross-sectional view of the indicator component;

[0126] Figure 16B hour Figure 16 A partial side view of the indicator component;

[0127] Figure 17 It is assembled and set according to the teachings of this disclosure. Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the third exemplary indicator component in the regulator;

[0128] Figure 18 It is assembled and set according to the teachings of this disclosure. Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the fourth exemplary indicator component in the regulator;

[0129] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of a first axial adjuster assembled in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure and connected in series with a second axial adjuster;

[0130] Figure 20 A second exemplary axial adjuster assembled in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure; and

[0131] Figure 21 It is assembled based on the teachings of this disclosure. Figure 20 The floating balance structure of the axial adjuster. Detailed Implementation

[0132] exist Figure 1-3 In this example, the fluid regulator 10 is constructed according to the teachings of this disclosure. The regulator 10 includes a valve body 14 having a central orifice 18 and an actuator assembly 22 disposed within the orifice 18. The valve body 14 defines an inlet 26, an outlet 30, and a flow path 34 connecting the inlet 26 and the outlet 30. The orifice 18 formed in the valve body 14 is centered on the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14, and the flow path 34 is peripherally disposed relative to the orifice 18. A control element 38 is capable of being in a closed position relative to the valve body 14 (…). Figure 3 ) and opening position ( Figure 1The control element 38 moves between the valve body 14 and the valve seat 42, which is disposed in the flow path 34 in the closed position and spaced apart from the valve seat 42 in the open position. The actuator assembly 22 is operatively coupled to the control element 38 and configured to move the control element 38 along the longitudinal axis X to open and close the regulator 10. The inlet fitting 46 is coupled to the valve body 14 at the inlet 26 and is configured to hold the actuator assembly 22 and the control element 38 within the bore 18 of the valve body 14. The inlet fitting 46 is detachably coupled to the valve body 14. For example, the external thread on the inlet fitting 46 can be coupled to the internal thread in the inlet 26 of the valve body 14. Similarly, the inlet fitting 46 can be bolted to the inlet 26 of the valve body 14. Because the inlet fitting 46 can be removed from the valve body 14, the internal components of the regulator 10 (e.g., the actuator assembly 22 and the control element 38) can be inserted and removed through the inlet 26. However, in another example, inlet 26 and outlet 30 can be switched (i.e., so that in...). Figure 1-3 In the case where the fluid flows from right to left, the internal components of the regulator 10 will be detachably configured to pass through the outlet 30 of the valve body 14. In either example, the valve body 14 may be a single-cast (e.g., integrally formed) valve body 14.

[0133] Actuator assembly 22 includes a sleeve 50, a valve stem 54 extending through the sleeve 50, a first piston 60 coupled to the valve stem 54, and a second piston 62 coupled to the valve stem 54 and spaced apart from the first piston 60. The sleeve 50, valve stem 54, or both the sleeve 50 and valve stem 54 provide a path to allow internal fluid communication for actuating actuator assembly 22. Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the sleeve 50 includes a separable first sleeve portion 50a and a second sleeve portion 50b. The first sleeve portion 50a has a cylindrical wall 66a and a first plate 70, and the second sleeve portion 50b has a cylindrical wall 66b and a second plate 72. Figure 2 As shown, when the first sleeve portion 50a and the second sleeve portion 50b are positioned adjacent to each other, they together form a sleeve 50, in which a first wall 70 and a second wall 72 are spaced apart. Cylindrical walls 66a and 66b (together forming a wall marked 66) and the first plate 70 and the second plate 72 define a first cavity 75 and a second cavity 74, in which a first piston 60 is slidably disposed in the first cavity 75 and a second piston 62 is slidably disposed in the second cavity 74. Figure 1 and 3As shown, and described in more detail below, path 76 is formed in the cylindrical wall 66 of sleeve 50 to provide fluid communication between the upstream surface 78 of the first piston 60 and the upstream surface 80 of the second piston 62. Further described below, valve stem 54 includes a passage 82 that partially extends through valve stem 54. Figure 1 (shown in dashed lines), which provides fluid communication between the downstream surface 84 of the first piston 60 and the downstream surface 86 of the second piston 60. As used herein, the term "upstream" refers to the side facing inlet 26 (i.e., upstream of flow path 34), and the term "downstream" refers to the side facing outlet 30 (i.e., downstream of flow path 34).

[0134] like Figure 2 As shown, the internal components of the regulator 10 are configured to align with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. Specifically, the sleeve 50 is configured to align the valve stem 54, the first piston 60, and the second piston 62 with the control element 38, such that the actuator assembly 22 and the control element 38 are properly aligned within the bore 18 of the valve body 14. For example, the first plate 70 and the second plate 72 each define orifices 87 and 89 aligned with the longitudinal axis E of the sleeve 50. When the sleeve 50 is positioned in the bore 18, the longitudinal axis E is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. The cylindrical wall 66 of the sleeve is shaped to substantially match the contour wall defining the bore 18 of the valve body 14, such that the sleeve 50 is properly axially aligned when fully inserted into the valve body 14. The sleeve 50 includes a first end 51 and a second end 53. In the illustrated embodiment, the inner diameter S1 of the first end 51 is different from the inner diameter S2 of the second end 53. However, in other embodiments, different sleeve geometries may be used, such as those corresponding to different geometries of the orifice 18. The inner diameter S1 of the first end 51 is sized and shaped to slidably receive the control element 38. The second end 53 is configured to abut the inner wall of the valve body 14 such that when the inlet fitting 46 is secured to the valve body 14, the internal components of the regulator 10 are secured (e.g., clamped) in the appropriate position. When the control element 38 is in the fully open position, the second piston 62 is adjacent to the second end 53 of the sleeve 50.

[0135] The first piston 60 and the second piston 62 are configured to slide together on the smooth inner surface of the cylindrical wall 66 of the sleeve 50 in response to pressure changes sensed by the actuator assembly 22. The first piston 60 and the second piston 62 are securely attached to the valve stem 54 such that the valve stem 54 and pistons 60, 62 move relative to the sleeve 50, while the sleeve 50 remains in a fixed position relative to the valve body 14. The longitudinal axis F of the valve stem 54 is arranged to align with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. As discussed further below, a plurality of chambers 88, 90, 92, and 94 are formed between the sleeve 50 and the first piston 60 and the second piston 62, and have different internal volumes when the regulator 10 is open and closed. Specifically, as... Figure 3 As shown, a first chamber 88 is disposed between the first plate 70 and the first piston 60 of the sleeve 50, a second chamber 90 is disposed between the first piston 60 and the second plate 72 of the sleeve 50, a third chamber 92 is disposed between the second plate 72 and the second piston 62 of the sleeve 50, and a fourth chamber 94 is disposed downstream of the second piston 62. The fourth chamber 94 is partially defined by the cylindrical wall 66 of the sleeve 50 and the valve body 14. A stroke indicator assembly 96 is partially disposed in the fourth chamber 94 and provides a visual indication of the position of the regulator 10 (e.g., partially open, fully open, closed).

[0136] In operation, actuator assembly 22 actuates control element 38 between an open position and a closed position in response to the balance of fluid pressures acting on the first chamber 88, second chamber 90, third chamber 92, and fourth chamber 94 of the first piston 60 and the second piston 62. In the illustrated example, the first chamber 88 and third chamber 92 are in fluid communication via a path 76 formed in sleeve portions 50a, 50b (described below), and the second chamber 90 and fourth chamber 94 are in fluid communication via a passage 82 of valve stem 53. The fluid pressures in the first chamber 88 and third chamber 92 act on the upstream surfaces 78, 80 of the first piston 60 and the second piston 62, respectively, to push the first piston 60 and the second piston 62 toward the open position of regulator 10 in a first direction H. The fluid pressure in the second chamber 90 and the fourth chamber 94 acts on the downstream surfaces 84 and 86 of the first piston 60 and the second piston 62, respectively, to push the first piston 60 and the second piston 62 toward the closed position of the regulator 10 in the second direction G (opposite to the first direction H).

[0137] The chambers 88, 90, 92, and 94 of the regulator 10 may be positioned relative to the inlet 26 and the outlet 30 and are generally defined along the direction of fluid flow. For example, the fluid generally flows from the inlet 26 toward the outlet 30, such that the first chamber 88 is the upstream chamber of the first piston 60 (i.e., the first upstream chamber 88), and the second chamber 90 is the downstream chamber of the first piston 60 (i.e., the first downstream chamber 90). Similarly, the third chamber 92 is the upstream chamber of the second piston 62 (i.e., the second upstream chamber 92), and the fourth chamber 94 is the downstream chamber of the second piston 62 (i.e., the second downstream chamber 94). The first upstream chamber 88 and the second upstream chamber 92 are in fluid communication with each other via paths in the sleeve 50 and / or the valve stem 54, and the first downstream chamber 90 and the second downstream chamber 94 are in fluid communication with each other.

[0138] The regulator 10 also includes a spring 100, a valve cage 104, and a sealing assembly 108 fixed in the valve body 14 by the inlet fitting 46. The spring 100 is disposed between a spring seat 112 formed in the first plate 70 of the sleeve 50 and a spring seat 116 formed in the control element 38. Figure 1 and 3 As shown, the control element 38 includes a plurality of spokes 120 extending between a central hub 124 and an outer ring 128 surrounding the spring 100. The central hub 124 defines a hub orifice 130, which is sized to receive a first end 132 of the valve stem 54. Figure 3 As shown, the spokes 120 of the control element 38 extend radially outward from the central hub 124 at an angle. Orifices between the spokes 120 allow the fluid pressure at the inlet 26 to act uniformly on the upstream and downstream sides of the control element 38 surface, thus preventing the fluid inlet pressure from pushing the control element 38 in direction H. The control element 38 is configured to slide relative to the valve cage 104 and relative to the sleeve 50, together with the valve stem 54, between the open and closed positions. In the closed position, the outer ring 128 of the control element 38 engages with the sealing assembly 108 to prevent fluid from flowing from the inlet 26 to the outlet 30. Specifically, as described in more detail below, the radially outward portion of the upstream end of the outer ring 128 (opposite to the spring seat 116) is configured to engage with the radial sealing assembly 144 of the valve seat 42. One or more seals may be provided between the control element 38 and the sleeve 50.

[0139] Figure 3A spacer 134 coupled to the inlet end of the valve body 14 is shown. In operation, the spacer 134 is bolted between a flange at the upstream end of the regulator 10 and a corresponding flange (not shown) positioned upstream of the spacer 134. These bolts span between these flanges and compress the gasket 136 positioned between the spacer 134 and each flange (only one such gasket 136 is shown). The spacer 134 can be removed by removing these bolts to allow the insertion or removal of internal components of the regulator 14 (e.g., sealing assembly 108, actuator assembly 22 components, control element 38 components, etc.) when the regulator 10 is installed.

[0140] Figure 4A Showing more details Figure 3 The sealing assembly 108 includes a retaining ring 140 and a radial sealing ring 144 disposed in a groove between the retaining ring 140 and the inlet fitting 46. In the closed position, the outer ring 128 of the control element 38 is capable of sealingly engaging with the sealing ring 144 to provide a leak-proof engagement. The radial sealing ring 144 is formed of a material such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), which provides abrasion and chemical resistance as well as a smaller sealing force relative to the control element 38. When the regulator 10 is in the closed position, a first O-ring 152 is radially positioned outside the radial sealing ring 144 within the groove between the retaining ring 140 and the inlet fitting 46 to push the radial sealing ring 144 into contact with the control element 38. A second O-ring 152 is positioned between the retaining ring 140 and the inlet fitting 46. Fasteners 148 secure the retaining ring 140 in place relative to the inlet fitting 46.

[0141] Figure 4B and 4C Showing more details Figure 3 The actuator assembly 22. In these figures, the connections between the valve stem 54 and the first plate 70, between the valve stem 54 and the second plate 72, between the valve stem 54 and the first piston 60, and between the valve stem 54 and the second piston 62 are shown more clearly. These figures also show the varying diameters (or thicknesses) along the length of the valve stem 54. Each of the varying diameters of the valve stem 54 is designed to specifically match one of the first plate 70, the first piston 60, the second plate 72, and the second piston 62. The valve stem 54 is divided into sections or portions that slide relative to the first plate 70 and the second plate 72 of the sleeve 50. Figure 4BIn this configuration, a first portion 156 of the valve stem 54 is configured to pass through an orifice 87 of the first plate 70. The orifice 87 of the first plate 70 is specifically sized to receive the first portion 156 of the valve stem 54, which has an outer diameter D1. A sealing assembly 164 is attached to the first plate 70 and configured to allow the valve stem 54 to slide relative to the first plate 70 while providing a sealing connection between the first plate 70 and the first portion 156 of the valve stem 54. Figure 4B Also shown is a first piston 60 attached to a stepped portion 166 formed in the outer surface of the valve stem 54. The first piston 60 is secured to the valve stem 54 via a retaining plate 168 and fasteners 170. The retaining plate 168 is disposed in an annular groove 174 formed in the valve stem 54 and is sized to receive the retaining plate 168 such that the first piston 60 does not slide relative to the valve stem 54. (Go to...) Figure 4C The orifice 89 of the second plate 72 is specially designed to receive the second part 182 of the valve stem 54, the outer diameter D2 of which is different from the outer diameter D1 of the first part 156. Figure 4C A second piston 62 is also shown attached to a stepped portion 184 formed in the outer surface of the valve stem 54. The second piston 62 is secured to the valve stem 54 via a retaining cap 186 threaded onto the valve stem 54. In other examples, the second piston 62 may be secured to the valve stem 54 by other suitable fasteners.

[0142] like Figure 5 As shown, the different outer diameters D1 and D2 of the stepped portions 166 and 184 and the valve stem 54 correspond to a specific arrangement of the valve stem 54 relative to the first plate 70 and the second plate 72 of the sleeve 50. In operation, the valve stem 54 slides relative to the first plate 70 of the sleeve 50 along the length L1 of the first portion 156 and relative to the second plate 72 of the sleeve 50 along the length L2 of the second portion 182. The geometric configuration of the valve stem 54 and the valve body 14 ensures proper alignment of the first plate 70, the second plate 72, the first piston 60, and the second piston 62 within the valve body 14.

[0143] like Figure 4B , 4C As shown in Figure 5, the corresponding engagement between the valve stem 54 and the first plate 70 and the second plate 72 of the sleeve 50 also ensures proper alignment of the path 76 connecting the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92, as well as proper alignment of the channel 82 formed in the valve stem 54 connecting the second chamber 90 and the fourth chamber 94. Figure 4BAs shown, passage 82 includes a radial channel 194 (e.g., extending radially relative to the longitudinal axis X) and a longitudinal channel 198 centrally disposed in the second portion of valve stem 54 and extending axially through the second end 200 of valve stem 54. Radial channel 194 is in fluid communication with the second chamber 90 and is positioned adjacent to the downstream surface 84 of the first piston 60. Longitudinal channel 198 extends axially along the longitudinal axis X of valve body 14 and terminates in a fourth chamber 94. Radial channel 194 is perpendicular to longitudinal channel 198; however, in other examples, channels 194 and 198 may not be perpendicular to each other, but may be non-parallel. Furthermore, valve stem 54 may be multiple connected components to provide a valve stem configuration and may have multiple passages extending parallel and / or staggered relative to each other to connect the different chambers 88, 90, 92, and 94 of actuator assembly 22.

[0144] Briefly back Figure 3 The path 76 formed in the sleeve 50 is partially shown. The path 76 includes... Figure 3 The lateral portion 202 and depicted in the middle Figure 3 One or more channels of both are hidden axial portions. Each lateral portion 202 extends radially inward from the cylindrical wall 66 within a portion of the second plate 72. Each lateral portion 202 of the path 76 connects to a hole 204 formed in the downstream surface of the second plate 72 of the sleeve 50 to provide fluid communication between the lateral portion 202 of the path 76 and the third chamber 92. Now turn to Figure 6A and 6B This illustrates first and second exemplary arrangements of the axial portion of the path 76 formed in the sleeve 50. First, turn to... Figure 6A The axial portion of path 76 includes one or more channels 206A (four channels are shown, but more or fewer channels may be used in different arrangements), each channel 206A extending through the cylindrical wall 66 of sleeve 50 to connect the first chamber 88 to the lateral portion 202 of path 76. Channels 206A are formed in the outer surface 210 of sleeve 50 such that path 76 is at least partially defined between sleeve 50 and valve body 14. Figure 6BIn a second exemplary arrangement, the axial portion of path 76 includes one or more channels 206B formed between the inner surface 214 and the outer surface 210 of cylindrical wall 66, such that the axial portion of each channel 206B is embedded within the cylindrical wall 66 of sleeve 50. In either arrangement, the axial portion 206 of path 76 ultimately extends between the lateral portion 202 and the upstream end of the second sleeve portion 50b. The downstream surface of the first plate 70 includes one or more grooves that include another portion of path 76, such that the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 are fluidly connected.

[0145] Regulator 10 Figure 7 A drain hole 218 formed in the valve body 14 is shown. The drain hole 218 fluidly couples the flow path 34 of the valve body 14 to atmospheric fluid and provides an access port for draining process fluid (e.g., condensate droplets) remaining in the valve body 14. The drain hole 218 can be sealed with a plug that is accessible from the outer surface 222 of the valve body 14.

[0146] Figure 8A , 8B 9A, 9B, 10A, and 10B indicate the closed position. Figure 8A , 8B ), partially opened position ( Figure 9A , 9B ) and fully open position ( Figure 10A , 10B The front and top views of the regulator 10 are shown. A pilot device can be operatively coupled to the regulator 10 to control the piston movement of the actuator assembly 22 and regulate the flow rate through the regulator 10. Specifically, the pilot device can be configured to sense fluid pressure upstream or downstream of the regulator 10 and accordingly adjust the loading pressure supplied to actuate the regulator 10. In the example shown, the first channel 226 ( Figure 8B , 9BThe second sleeve portion 50b extends laterally (radially outward from the longitudinal axis X) through the sidewall of the valve body 14 and terminates in the bore 18 to provide external fluid connection to path 76. The second sleeve portion 50b is configured such that the axial portion of path 76 (e.g., 206A, 206B) is fluidly coupled to the first channel 226. Thus, the first channel 226 is in fluid communication with the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 via path 76. The second channel 230 extends laterally through the sidewall of the valve body 14 and terminates in the bore 18 to provide external fluid connection to the fourth chamber 94. Thus, the second channel 230 is in fluid communication with the second chamber 90 and the fourth chamber 94 via the second channel 82 in the valve stem 54. Channels 226 and 230 may be located in other portions of the valve body 14 and / or may be configured to provide fluid pressure to other portions of the actuator assembly 22 inside the valve body 14. As described below, channels 226, 230 may terminate at a connection fitting (e.g., a pipe fitting) on ​​the outer surface of the valve body 14 to facilitate connection to the sensing and loading lines.

[0147] In a typical arrangement, the second channel 230 receives downstream pressure via a sensing line, and the first channel 226 receives loading pressure from the pilot device via a loading line, such that the regulator 10 functions as a pressure-reducing regulator. In this arrangement, when the downstream pressure is at or above the pressure setpoint of the pilot device, the pilot device supplies the downstream pressure as loading pressure to the first channel 226. Therefore, the force generated by the spring 100 and the fluid pressure (i.e., downstream pressure) in the second and fourth chambers 94, acting on the downstream surfaces 84 and 86 of the first and second pistons 60 and 62 respectively, exceeds the force generated by the fluid pressure (i.e., downstream pressure) in the first and third chambers 88 and 92, acting on the upstream surfaces 78 and 80 of the first and second pistons 60 and 62 respectively. As a result, the shaft 54 ​​and the connected control element 38 move entirely in direction G until... Figure 8A and 8B As shown, the first piston 60 and the second piston 62 are adjacent to the first plate 70 and the second plate 72, and the control element 38 engages with the valve seat 42. In this position, fluid is prevented from flowing from the inlet 26 to the outlet 30.

[0148] When downstream demand increases, causing downstream pressure to drop below the pilot device's pressure setpoint, the pilot device provides an increased pressure (i.e., a pressure greater than the downstream pressure) to the first channel 226 as a loading pressure. At this increased loading pressure, the force generated by the fluid pressure in the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 acting on the upstream surfaces 78 and 80 of the first piston 60 and the second piston 62 (i.e., the increased loading pressure) exceeds the force generated by the spring 100 and the fluid pressure in the second chamber 90 and the fourth chamber 94 acting on the downstream surfaces 84 and 86 of the first piston 60 and the second piston 62 (i.e., the downstream pressure). As a result, the shaft 54 ​​and the connected control element 38 move in the direction H, causing the control element 38 to disengage from the seat 42 and allowing fluid to flow from the inlet 26 to the outlet 30. Force balance determines the actual position of the shaft 54 ​​and the connected control element 38, and the flow capacity of the regulator 10 increases as the control element 38 moves in the direction H away from the seat 42. Figure 9A and 9B Partially open position and further move to Figure 10A and 10B The regulator 10 increases with the fully open position. Although the example above describes a typical connection from the pilot device to the first channel 226 and the second channel 230, the regulator 10 can also be configured differently. For example, the first channel 226 can alternatively be connected to the upstream pressure, and the second channel 230 can be connected to the load pressure supplied by the pilot device, so that the regulator 10 functions as a back pressure regulator.

[0149] Turn now Figure 11-14 ,and Figure 1-1 The alternative valve stem arrangement used with the axial adjuster 10 is constructed in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure. A second exemplary valve stem 236, a third exemplary valve stem 238, a fourth exemplary valve stem 240, and a fifth exemplary valve stem 242 are configured to be slidably coupled to the sleeve 50 of the actuator assembly 22, and thus can replace the first exemplary valve stem 54. Each of the second exemplary valve stem 236, the third exemplary valve stem 238, the fourth exemplary valve stem 240, and the fifth exemplary valve stem 242 defines a first passage for fluidly coupling the second chamber 90 and the fourth chamber 94, and a second passage for fluidly coupling the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92. Therefore, the actuator assembly 22 utilizing one of the second exemplary valve stem 236, the third exemplary valve stem 238, the fourth exemplary valve stem 240, and the fifth exemplary valve stem 242 may include a sleeve 50 similar to the first exemplary sleeve 50 shown in the previous figures, but without one or more paths 76 formed in the cylindrical sleeve 50.

[0150] exist Figure 11 , 11AIn FIGS. 11A and 11B, the second exemplary valve stem 236 extends between a first end 244 and a second end 246 and includes a first passageway 248, a second passageway 250, and a third passageway 252. The valve stem 236 can include the same shape as the Figure 5 valve stem 54 to facilitate assembly with the dual piston actuator assembly 22. Similar to the Figure 5 valve stem 54, the longitudinal axis F of the second exemplary valve stem 236 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. Additionally, the valve stem 236 includes a first portion 256 having a diameter D1 and a second portion 260 having a diameter D2. A first stepped portion 264 separates the first portion 256 and the second portion 260 of the valve stem 236, and a second stepped portion 268 separates the second portion 260 and the second end 246. Similar to the Figure 5 passageway 82 of the valve stem 54, the first passageway 248 extends partially through the valve stem 236 in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis F. The first passageway 248 includes a radial passageway 272 (e.g., extending in a radial direction relative to the longitudinal axis F), and a longitudinal passageway 276 extending between the radial passageway 272 and the second end 246 of the valve stem 236. More specifically, the radial passageway 272 extends through the outer surface 280 of the valve stem 248 in the second portion 260 such that the radial passageway 272 is in fluid communication with the second chamber 90 and is positioned adjacent the downstream surface 84 of the first piston 60. The longitudinal passageway 276 extends axially relative to the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14 and terminates at the fourth chamber 94.

[0151] With Figure 5Compared to valve stem 54, a second exemplary valve stem 236 is configured to fluidly couple the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 of regulator 10. Second passage 250 and third passage 252 are symmetrical about the longitudinal F-axis of valve stem 236 and extend between a first portion 256 and a second portion 260 of valve stem 236. Second passage 250 includes a first radial channel 284 formed in the first portion 256 of valve stem 236, a second radial channel 288 formed in the second portion 260 of valve stem 236, and a longitudinal channel 292 extending between the first radial channel 284 and the second radial channel 288. The first radial channel 284 and the second radial channel 288 are positioned relative to valve stem 236 such that second passage 250 is in fluid communication with the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 of regulator 10. Thus, it can be understood that, for example, the shapes of the first plate 70 and the second plate 72 of the sleeve 50 are designed to allow fluid communication between the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 via radial channels 284, 288, and are connected to the longitudinal channel 292. It should also be understood that the third passage 252 is substantially similar to the second passage 250, such that any details of the second passage 250 also apply to the third passage 252. The first passage 248, the second passage 250, and the third passage 252 may have the same inner diameter, or the inner diameter of the first passage 248 may be larger than the inner diameter of each of the second passage 250 and the third passage 252. In one example, the combined flow capacity of the second passage 250 and the third passage 252 substantially matches the flow capacity of the first passage 248.

[0152] exist Figure 12 , 12A In 12B, the third exemplary valve stem 238 is constructed in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure. The third exemplary valve stem 238 is similar to... Figure 11 , 11A The second exemplary valve stem 236 of 11B, however, includes a first passage and a second passage. Similar to the second exemplary valve stem 238, the first passage 248 is axially aligned with the longitudinal axis F, and the second passage 250 is parallel to and radially offset from the longitudinal axis F. Additionally, the longitudinal axis F of the third exemplary valve stem 238 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. In the illustrated example, the inner diameter of the first passage 248 is equal to the inner diameter of the second passage 250. However, in other examples, the inner diameters of passages 248 and 250 are different. In yet another example, both the first passage 248 and the second passage 250 may be radially offset from the longitudinal axis F.

[0153] exist Figure 13 and 13AIn this embodiment, the fourth exemplary valve stem 240 is constructed according to the teachings of this disclosure. When the fourth exemplary valve stem 240 is disposed in the valve body 14, the longitudinal axis F of the valve stem 240 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. The fourth exemplary valve stem 240 is similar to... Figure 11 , 11A The second exemplary valve stem 236 of 11B, however, has a second passage 250 and a third passage 252 extending from the first end 244 of the valve stem 240 to the second portion 260. For ease of manufacture, the first passage 248 is formed by drilling a longitudinal channel 276 from the second end 246, and the second passage 250 and the third passage 252 are formed by drilling a longitudinal channel 292 from the first end 244 of the valve stem 240. A radial channel 294 extends through the first portion 256 of the valve stem 240 to connect the longitudinal channels 292 of the first passage 250 and the second passage 252. A stop 296 is disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal channels 292 of the second passage 250 and the third passage 252 to isolate the fluid communication between the second passage 250 and the third passage 252 between the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92. To further isolate the longitudinal channels 292 of the second passage 250 and the third passage 252, stops 300 and 302 are provided at the first end of the valve stem 240 in one of the longitudinal channels 292.

[0154] exist Figure 14 , 14A In 14B, 14C, and 14D, the fifth exemplary valve stem 242 is constructed according to the teachings of this disclosure. The fifth exemplary valve stem 242 is formed by overlapping the first, second, and third passages without connecting the first passage 248 to either the second passage 250 or the third passage 252. When the fifth exemplary valve stem 242 is disposed in the valve body 14, the longitudinal axis F of the valve stem 242 is coaxial with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. This overlapping structure can be formed using additive manufacturing (AM) technology. Figure 14A As shown, the radial channel 272 of the first passage 248 is angled, such that the radial channel 272 is not connected to the second passage 250 and the third passage 252. Figure 14B In this configuration, the first passage 248, the second passage 250, and the third passage 252 are aligned such that the first passage 248 is axially aligned with the longitudinal axis F, and each of the second passage 250 and the third passage 252 is radially offset relative to the longitudinal axis F and evenly spaced from the first passage 248. However, as... Figure 14C As shown, the first passage 248 is radially offset relative to the longitudinal axis F, such that the first passage 248 does not intersect with the second radial channel 306 of the second passage 250 and the third passage 252 (which is configured to pass through the second portion 260 of the valve stem 242). Figure 14CAs shown, the first passage 248 bends radially around the second passage 250 and the third passage 252 via the second channel 306, such that... Figure 14D The first passage 248 shown is axially aligned with the longitudinal axis F at the second end 246 of the valve stem 242.

[0155] exist Figure 15 In this embodiment, a first exemplary indicator assembly 96 is constructed in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure. The indicator assembly 96 is operatively coupled to the regulator 10 and provides a visual display based on the position of the regulator 10. The visual display is external relative to the valve body 14, allowing the operator to perceive the position of the control element 38 from a distance. Specifically, the indicator assembly 96 is operatively coupled to the valve stem 54 such that the valve stem 54 causes the indicator assembly 96 to display the position change of the control element 38 as the control element 38 moves between an open position and a closed position. The indicator assembly 96 is at least partially disposed in a radial bore 310 formed in the valve body 14 and includes a rod 314, an indicator 318 operatively coupled to the rod 314, a spring 320, and a plug 322. The rod 314 is disposed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14 and aligned with the longitudinal axis Y. The rod 314 of the indicator assembly 96 is capable of being in a first position when the control element 38 is in the closed position (e.g., Figure 3 , Figure 8A and Figure 15 (as shown) and the second position when the control element 38 is in the open position (as shown) Figure 1 and 10A It should be understood that when the regulator 10 is between the open and closed positions, for example, when the control element 38 is in... Figure 9A When partially open as shown, the indicator assembly 96 also occupies an additional position between the first and second positions to indicate the positioning of the control element 38. Figure 15 In this example, the longitudinal axis Y of the lever 314 is oriented at an angle β of 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis F of the valve stem 54 and the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. However, in other examples, the angle β between the longitudinal axis Y of the indicator assembly 96 and the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14 can be any value between 0 and 180 degrees.

[0156] exist Figure 15In this design, the rod 314 includes a first end 326 slidably coupled to the second end 200 of the valve stem 54 and a second end 330 spaced apart from the first end 326 and operatively coupled to the indicator 318. Specifically, the first end 326 of the rod 314 is slidably coupled to a conical cap 334, which is fixed to the second end 200 of the valve stem 54. The cap 334 has an aperture 338 sized to receive the second end 200 of the valve stem 54 and to be in fluid communication with the passage 82 of the valve stem 54, thereby maintaining fluid communication between the passage 82 and the fourth chamber 94. The cap 334 has an inclined outer surface 342 that tapers from a wide first end 344 to a narrow second end 348. In other words, the outer diameter of the second end 348 of the cap 334 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first end 344 of the cap 334, so that as the valve stem 54 moves axially relative to the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14, the rod 314 is axially displaced relative to the longitudinal axis Y. Specifically, the outer surface 342 of the cap 334 is inclined relative to the longitudinal axis X at an angle α. Figure 15 In the middle, the second end 348 of the cap 334 contacts a ball 352 that is firmly coupled to the first end 326 of the rod 314. As the valve stem 54 moves between the open and closed positions, the ball 352 causes the rod 314 to move relative to the valve stem 54.

[0157] The lever 314 moves axially along the Y-axis (e.g., upward in the J direction and downward in the K direction) to move the indicator 318 outside the valve body 14 according to the position of the control element 38. A guide sleeve 356 is disposed between the valve body 14 and the lever 314 to stably guide the lever 314. The extent to which the indicator 318 extends outside the valve body 14 indicates the degree of opening of the regulator 10. For example, when the control element 38 is in the open position, the ball 352 contacts the first end 344 of the cap 334, and the indicator 318 is fully extended in the J direction. When the control element 38 is in the closed position, the ball 352 contacts the second end 348 of the cap 334, and the indicator 318 is fully retracted in the K direction. Figure 10A The indicator 318 shown extends (fully open) relative to the valve body 14 in a manner greater than that shown. Figure 9A The indicator 318 shown is an extension (partially open) relative to the valve body 14, as... Figure 9A The extension of the indicator 318 relative to the valve body 14 is greater than that shown. Figure 8A The indicator 318 shown is an extension relative to the valve body 14 because the rod 314 is displaced by the minimum amount when the ball 352 is adjacent to the second end 348 of the cap 334 (in the closed position), and by the maximum amount when the ball 352 is adjacent to the first end 344 of the cap 334 (in the open position).

[0158] The indicator 318 is slidably coupled to the plug 322 and can extend to the outside of the valve body 14. However, in the example shown, the indicator 318 is fixed to the second end 330 of the rod 314, and the indicator 318 may be part of the rod 314. The indicator assembly 96 also includes a spring 320 housed between the plug 322 and the spring seat 360. The spring seat 360 is carried by the rod 314 and moves axially along the longitudinal axis Y (e.g., upward in the J direction and downward in the K direction) and compresses the spring 320 onto the plug 322. The spring 320 ensures that the ball 352 maintains contact with the cap 334. The external thread 364 of the plug 322 is rotatably coupled to the internal thread 368 of the bore 310 of the valve body 14 to secure the plug 22 to the valve body 14. The plug 322 can be removed from the valve body 14 by rotating it relative to the valve body 14 to access the indicator assembly 96 or adjust the calibration of the indicator 318. The indicator 318 is visible through the cap 372 attached to the plug 322. The cap 372 is preferably transparent, allowing the operator to easily see the length of the indicator 318 extending outside the valve body 14. In some examples, the cap 372 may have a scale with measurements or markings corresponding to different positions of the indicator 318. In some examples, the indicator 318 may have a color (e.g., red) that is clearly visible through the cap 372 and contrasts with the environment in which the regulator 10 is installed.

[0159] In normal operation, when the regulator 10 is open, the actuator assembly 22 causes the valve stem 54 to move in the H direction. As the valve stem 54 moves, the inclined surface 342 of the cap 334 slides against the ball 352 and pushes the rod 314 in the J direction, which is perpendicular to the H direction. The rod 314, carrying the indicator 318, moves the indicator 318 in the J direction, causing the indicator 318 to extend outside the valve body 14 and slide into view relative to the cover 372 to indicate the positioning of the regulator 10. As the rod moves in the J direction, the rod 314 causes the spring seat 360 to compress the spring 320 against the plug 322, so that when the valve stem 54 moves in the G direction, the spring 320 unfolds and biases against the spring seat 360 to move the rod 314 in the K direction (opposite to the J direction). As the rod 314 moves in the K direction, the indicator 318 also moves in the K direction and slides out of view relative to the cover 372.

[0160] Advantageously, the indicator assembly 96 provides an accurate reading of the position of the regulator 10 based on the orientation of the indicator assembly 96 relative to the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14. For example... Figure 15 As shown, the indicator assembly 96 is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis F of the valve stem and the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14, such that the angle β is 90 degrees. To determine the displacement of the valve stem 54 or the displacement of the rod 414, the following equation can be used:

[0161]

[0162] Where L is the displacement of the stroke indicator 318, Δx is the displacement of the valve stem 54, and Δh is the displacement of the rod 314 in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the valve stem 54. Since angle β = 90°, the equation can be simplified to the following:

[0163] L=Δh=Δx tan∝

[0164] Although the stroke indicator assembly 96 has been described in the context of its use in the pressure regulator 10, it can also be used in other types of fluid control devices. As will be further described below, different iterations of the stroke indicator assembly may include at least one feature operatively coupled to a lever and operatively coupled to a valve stem to indicate the stroke of the valve stem in a pressure regulator or other fluid control device. In the following examples, the ball feature of the stroke indicator assembly is replaced by, for example, a rack and pinion feature, a rope and roller feature, or a hinged arm feature.

[0165] Figure 16 A second exemplary indicator component 496 constructed in accordance with the teachings within this disclosure is shown. The second exemplary indicator component 496 may replace the first exemplary indicator component 96 to interact with... Figure 1-10B The regulator 10 operates together. The second exemplary indicator assembly 496 is similar to the indicator assembly 96 discussed above, except that in the rack and pinion embodiment ( Figure 16A In this embodiment, the second exemplary indicator assembly 496 utilizes the engagement of the valve stem 54 and the lever 414 to convert the axial movement of the valve stem 54 of the regulator 10 (e.g., in the G and H directions) into the rotational movement of the lever 414 (e.g., in the R and T directions) to indicate the positioning of the control element 38, or alternatively, in the rack and pinion embodiment ( Figure 16B In this embodiment, the second exemplary indicator assembly 496 utilizes the engagement of the valve stem 54 and the lever 414 to convert axial movement of the valve stem 54 (e.g., in the directions of G and H) into axial movement of the lever 414 (e.g., in the directions of J and K) to indicate the positioning of the control element 38. Elements of the second exemplary indicator assembly 496, similar to those of the first exemplary indicator assembly 96, are indicated by the same reference numerals incremented by 100. For brevity, descriptions of many of these elements are abbreviated or even omitted.

[0166] Figure 16 The second exemplary indicator component 496 is configured with a rack and pinion or with a rack and pinion. Figure 16B Arrangement will be carried out. Figure 16A In the rack and pinion embodiment shown, when the valve stem moves axially along the longitudinal axis X, the indicator 418 of the indicator assembly 496 does not move vertically along the Y-axis, but instead rotates relative to the Y-axis. For example, movement of the valve stem 54 in the H direction causes the rod 414 of the indicator assembly 496 to rotate in the T direction about the longitudinal axis Y of the valve stem 414. The rotational movement of the indicator assembly 496 can be configured in a variety of different ways. Figure 16A In the example shown, the lever 414 has a corrugated outer surface 452 with a plurality of teeth configured to engage with a corrugated outer surface 442 of the second end 200 of the valve stem 54. The teeth of the outer surface 452 of the lever 414 engage with the teeth of the corrugated surface 442 of the valve stem 54 such that when the valve stem 54 moves axially in the G or H direction, the valve stem 54 engages the teeth of the lever 414 to rotate the lever 414 in the T or R direction, respectively. The corrugated surface 442 of the valve stem and the teeth of the outer surface 452 of the lever 414 can be arranged to provide a specific transmission ratio to provide a desired degree of rotation of the lever 414 corresponding to the full linear stroke of the valve stem 54.

[0167] As the indicator 418 rotates, the position of the control element 38 can be displayed based on the rotational position of the indicator 418. In the illustrated example, the second piston 62 is adjacent to the second end 53 of the sleeve 50, such that the control element 38 is in the open position. In the open position, the indicator 418 displays a triangular mark with its apex pointing towards the inlet 26 of the valve body 14. In the closed position, the mark of the indicator 418 can be configured to point towards the outlet 30 of the valve body 14. In another example, when the regulator 10 is closed, the mark of the indicator 418 can point towards the inlet 26, and when the regulator 10 is open, the mark of the indicator 418 can point towards the outlet 30. The indicator 418 can also indicate the position of the regulator 10 in other ways (e.g., by exposing different colors or displaying different text as the indicator 418 rotates within the display housing or cover 472). In yet another example, the indicator 418 provides different visible signals to convey the position of the regulator 10. For example, the indicator can be matched with different measurements or markings on the cover 472 based on the position of the adjuster 10.

[0168] During operation, the valve stem 54 moves in the H direction to open the regulator 10. The corrugated outer surface 442 of the valve stem 54 engages with the corrugated outer surface 452 of the rod 414, thereby causing the rod 414 to move in the T direction around the Y axis ( Figure 16A Rotate counterclockwise (in the middle). Figure 16As shown, regulator 10 is in the fully open position, and the mark on indicator 418 faces away from outlet 30 (i.e., toward inlet 26). When regulator 10 is closed, valve stem 54 moves in the G direction (opposite to the H direction) and engages lever 414, so that lever 414 moves in the R direction ( Figure 16A The lever 414 rotates clockwise around the Y-axis. The rotation of the lever 414 causes the mark of the indicator 418 to rotate, so that when the control element 38 is in the closed position, the mark of the indicator 418 points to the outlet 30 of the valve body 14.

[0169] exist Figure 16B In the illustrated rack and pinion embodiment, the rod 414 includes a helical thread 474 configured to engage with the helical thread 476 of the valve stem 54. In this embodiment, when the valve stem 54 moves in the G or H direction, the helical thread 476 of the valve stem 54 engages the helical thread 474 of the rod 414 to cause the rod 414 to move axially in the J or K direction. When the valve stem 54 moves in the H direction, the helical thread 476 of the valve stem 54 engages the helical thread 474 of the rod 414 to cause the rod 414 to move in the J direction, thereby extending the indicator 418 into the display cover 472. When the valve stem 54 moves in the G direction, the helical thread 476 of the valve stem 54 engages the helical thread 474 of the rod 414 to cause the rod 414 to move in the K direction, thereby causing the indicator 418 within the display cover 472 to descend. Thus, like stroke indicator assembly 96, the rack and pinion arrangement of stroke indicator assembly 496 indicates the position of regulator 10 based on the position of indicator 418 along the Y-axis. In another example, indicator assembly 496 may be configured differently to convert axial movement of valve stem 54 into rotational movement of lever 414 and indicator 418. In yet another example, the fluid regulator may be configured such that rotational movement of valve stem 54 moves control element 38 between an open and closed position. In this case, indicator assembly 496 would be configured to convert rotational movement of valve stem 54 into axial movement of lever 414 and indicator 418 to indicate the positioning of regulator 10.

[0170] Figure 17 A third exemplary indicator component 596 constructed in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure is shown. The third exemplary indicator component 596 may replace the first exemplary indicator component 96 to interact with... Figure 1-10BThe regulator 10 operates together. The third exemplary indicator assembly 596 is similar to the indicator assembly 96 discussed above, except that the third exemplary indicator assembly 596 includes a rope 576 and a roller assembly 580 to convert axial movement of the valve stem 54 (e.g., in the G and H directions) into axial movement of the rod 514 (e.g., in the J and K directions). Elements of the third exemplary indicator assembly 596 that are similar to those of the first exemplary indicator assembly 96 are indicated by the same reference numerals and incremented by 200. For brevity, descriptions of many of these elements are abbreviated or even omitted.

[0171] like Figure 17 As shown, rod 514 is operably coupled to valve stem 54 via rope 576 and roller assembly 580. Specifically, rope 576 is operably coupled to the second end 200 of valve stem 54 at a first hook 552 and to the first end 526 of rod 514 at a second hook 548. Roller assembly 580 is coupled to rope 576 to transmit displacement of valve stem 54 to rod 514 via rope 576. Rope 576 bends around roller assembly 580 such that a portion of rope 576 moves with valve stem 54 in the G and H directions, and a portion of rope 576 moves with rod 514 in the J and K directions. Rope 576 is a flexible material (such as steel wire) to bend around roller assembly 580, but has sufficient rigidity to keep rope 576 taut between valve stem 54 and rod 514. Spring 520 is disposed between spring seat 560, which extends axially outward from rod 514, and plug 522. Spring 520 expands in the J direction when valve stem 54 moves in the H direction and compresses in the K direction when valve stem 54 moves in the G direction. In operation, valve stem 54 pulls rope 576 in the G direction to close regulator 10, and rod 514 pulls rope 576 in the J direction when valve stem 54 moves in the H direction. Spring 520 helps ensure that wire rope 576 remains trained to respond appropriately to movement of valve stem 54. In this case, indicator 518 is the second end 530 of rod 514, such that rod 514 is slidably configured to pass through a hole in plug 522 to extend to the outside of valve body 14 to indicate the positioning of control element 38. However, in another example, rod 514 and indicator element 518 are separate components.

[0172] Figure 18 A fourth exemplary indicator component 696 constructed in accordance with the teachings of this disclosure is shown. The fourth exemplary indicator component 696 may replace the first exemplary indicator component 96 to interact with... Figure 1-10BThe regulator 10 operates together. The fourth exemplary indicator assembly 696 is similar to the first exemplary indicator assembly 96 discussed above, except that the fourth exemplary indicator assembly 696 includes a rigid arm 684 connecting the valve stem 54 and the rod 614 to convert axial movement of the valve stem 54 (e.g., in the G and H directions) into axial movement of the rod 614 (e.g., in the J and K directions). Elements of the fourth exemplary indicator assembly 696 that are similar to those of the first exemplary indicator assembly 96 are indicated by the same reference numerals, increased by 300. For brevity, descriptions of many of these elements are abbreviated or even omitted.

[0173] like Figure 18 As shown, arm 684 has a first end 688 hingedly coupled to a second end 200 of valve stem 54 and a second end 692 hingedly coupled to a first end 626 of rod 614. Similar to the third exemplary indicator assembly 596, the rod 614 of the fourth exemplary indicator assembly 696 is integrally formed with the indicator 618. Arm 685 is a rigid member that converts axial movement of valve stem 54 into axial movement of rod 614. When regulator 10 is open, valve stem 54 pushes the first end 688 of arm 684 in the H direction, causing the second end 692 of arm 684 to slide in the J direction within the bore 610 of valve body 14. The second end 692 is hingedly coupled to the first end 626 of rod 614 to allow arm 684 to swivel in the V direction when the first end 688 moves in the H direction. When the regulator 10 is closed, the valve stem 54 pulls the first end 688 of the arm 684 in the G direction, causing the second end 692 of the arm 684 to slide within the bore 610 of the valve body 14 in the K direction. As the first end 688 of the arm 684 moves in the G direction, the arm 684 rotates in the M direction (opposite to the V direction). In another example, the indicator assembly 696 may include a second arm 684 hingedly coupled to the valve stem 54 and the lever 614.

[0174] Refer again Figure 2The method of assembling or installing the regulator 10 generally includes the following steps: providing a monolithic valve body 14, assembling an actuator assembly 22, operably coupling a control element 38 to a valve stem 54, aligning the actuator assembly 22 with the longitudinal axis X of the valve body 14, inserting the actuator assembly 22 into the bore 18 of the valve body 14 through an inlet 26, and securing the actuator assembly 22 to the valve body 14 by operably coupling an inlet fitting 42 to the valve body 14. For assembling the actuator assembly 22, a first piston 60 and a second piston 62, as well as a first sleeve portion 50a and a second sleeve portion 50b, are assembled to the valve stem 54. Specifically, the steps of assembling the actuator assembly 22 include sliding the second end 200 of the valve stem 54 through the orifice 89 of the second plate 70 and the orifice of the second piston 62, and sliding the first end 132 of the valve stem 54 through the orifice of the first piston 60 and the orifice 89 of the second plate 72. As described above, the first piston 60 and the second piston 62 are secured to the valve stem 54. The hub 130 of the control element 138 slides onto and is secured to the first end 132 of the valve stem 54. The cap 334 is secured to the second end 200 of the valve stem 54. The valve stem 54 and the parts attached thereto are then fully inserted into the valve body 14 together with the valve cage 104, and all internal parts are held in the valve body 14 by securing the inlet fitting 46 to the inlet 26.

[0175] Now go to Figure 19 The control system 700 includes a second axial adjuster 710 connected in series. Figure 1 The first exemplary axial adjuster 10. The first axial adjuster 10, or “monitor,” may be the same as the second axial adjuster 710, or “operating adjuster,” but the monitor 10 serves as a backup adjuster and is located upstream of the operating adjuster 710, and is set at a slightly higher pressure setpoint. During normal operation, because the operating adjuster 710 maintains the control pressure (i.e., the fluid pressure at the outlet 730 of the operating adjuster 710) at a pressure lower than the setpoint of the monitor 10, the monitor 10 remains in the fully open position. However, if the operating adjuster 710 fails in a manner that causes an increase in control pressure, the monitor 10 takes over and maintains the control pressure at a slightly higher monitor setpoint. For ease of reference, and to the extent possible, the same or similar components of the axial adjuster 710 will retain the same reference numerals as those listed above with respect to the first exemplary axial adjuster, although the reference numerals will be increased by 700.

[0176] The control system 700 includes a monitor 10, an operating regulator 710 coupled to the monitor via a conduit 716, and a network of pilots and pressure stabilizers. Specifically, the control system 700 includes a first pilot 40, a second pilot 42, a first pressure stabilizer 48, a third pilot 740, and a second pressure stabilizer 748.

[0177] The first pressure stabilizer 48 and the second pressure stabilizer 748 can be standard pressure stabilizers (e.g., SA / 2 type pressure stabilizer). The first pressure stabilizer 48 and the second pressure stabilizer 748 receive fluid pressure from the inlet 26 of the monitor 10 and provide consistent command supply pressure to the first controller 40 and the third controller 740 respectively according to the control pressure.

[0178] The first pilot 40 can be a standard spring-to-open pilot, for example... The PRX 120 controller. The first controller 40 includes a first port 49, a second port 51, a third port 52, and a fourth port 53 formed within a housing of the controller 40. The first port 49 receives the control supply pressure from a first pressure stabilizer 48. The second port 51 is in fluid communication with the first port 55 of the second controller 42 and is in fluid communication with the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 of the monitor 10 via a first channel 226. The third port 52 is in fluid communication with the fourth chamber 94 of the monitor 10 via a second channel 230. The fourth port 53 is in fluid communication with the outlet 730 of the operating regulator 710.

[0179] The first controller 40 responds to fluid pressure at the third port 52, ultimately fluidly coupled to the control pressure. During normal operation, the control pressure is less than the setpoint of the first controller 40, causing it to be in the open position, with the first port 49 coupled to the second port 51. In this open position, the control supply pressure from the first pressure stabilizer 48 (received at the first port 49) is directed to the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 of the monitor 10, which maintains the monitor 10 in the open position. If the operating regulator 710 fails, causing the pressure at the outlet 730 to exceed the setpoint of the first controller 40, the first controller 40 switches to the closed position, decoupling the first port 49 from the second port 51. When the first controller 40 is in the closed position, pressure is released from the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 to the outlet 730 of the operating regulator 710 via the connection of the second port 51 and the fourth port 53, and the monitor 10 adjusts to maintain the control pressure at the setpoint of the first controller 40.

[0180] The second pilot 42 can be a standard spring-to-close pilot, for example... The PRX 131 controller. The second controller 42 includes a first port 55, a second port 56, and a third port 57 formed within the housing of the second controller 42. The first port 55 of the second controller 42 is in fluid communication with the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92 of the monitor 10 via a first channel 226. The second port 56 is in fluid communication with the outlet 730 of the operating regulator 710. The third port 57 is in fluid communication with the control pressure via a second channel 230.

[0181] The second pilot 42 responds to the fluid pressure at the third port 57, ultimately fluidly coupled to the control pressure as described above. The second pilot 42 functions as a quick-dump pilot, allowing the first chamber 88 and third chamber 92 of the monitor 10 to be evacuated to the outlet 730 of the working regulator 710 via a higher flow path between the first port 55 and the second port 56 when the second pilot 42 is in the open position (i.e., when the control pressure exceeds the set point of the second pilot 42). This quick-dump arrangement allows the monitor 10 to close much faster than if the monitor 10 were only connected to the first pilot 40.

[0182] The third controller 740 can be a standard spring-loaded controller, for example... The PRX120 controller. The third controller 740 includes a first port 749, a second port 751, a third port 752, and a fourth port 753 formed within the housing of the controller 740. The first port 749 receives the control supply pressure from the second pressure stabilizer 748. The second port 751 is in fluid communication with the first chamber 788 and the third chamber 792 of the operating regulator 710 via a first channel 826. The third port 752 is in fluid communication with the fourth chamber 794 of the operating regulator 710 via a second channel 830, ultimately coupled to the control pressure.

[0183] The third controller 740 operates in the same manner as the first controller 40. When the control pressure is less than the setpoint of the third controller 740, the third controller 740 is in the open position, with the first port 749 coupled to it. In this open position, the control supply pressure from the second pressure stabilizer 748 (received at the first port 749) is directed to the first chamber 788 and the third chamber 792 of the operating regulator 710, which keeps the operating regulator 710 in the open position. When the control pressure exceeds the setpoint of the third controller 740, the third controller 740 transitions to the closed position, such that the first port 749 is no longer coupled to the second port 751. In this closed position, pressure is released from the first chamber 788 and the third chamber 792 via the connection of the second port 751 and the fourth port 753 to the outlet 730 of the operating regulator 710, and the operating regulator 710 proceeds to the closed position. In this way, the operating regulator adjusts to maintain the control pressure at the setpoint of the third controller 740.

[0184] When the monitor operates in its normal fully open position, the pressure drop across monitor 10 is very small. In this arrangement, the fluid pressure at inlet 26 of monitor 10 may be significantly greater than the control pressure. Therefore, the fluid pressure operating in the cross-sectional area of ​​valve stem 54 in the opening direction (i.e., at inlet 26) can be significantly greater than the fluid pressure operating in the cross-sectional area of ​​valve stem 54 in the closing direction (i.e., in the second chamber 90 and fourth chamber 94 of monitor 10). When this pressure difference is large enough, the spring 100 of piston assembly 22 may not be able to completely close monitor 10. To address this imbalance, regulator 10 can be modified to include balancing structures at the second ends 200 and 1100 of valve stems 54 and 754, respectively.

[0185] Go to Figure 20 and Figure 21 The floating balance component 912 is operatively coupled to the body 914 of the regulator 910. Figure 20 The axial adjuster 910 is similar to Figure 1 The axial adjuster 10. Therefore, for ease of reference, and to the extent possible, the same or similar parts of the axial adjuster 910 will be kept as identical as possible to the reference numerals listed above with respect to the first exemplary axial adjuster 10, although the reference numerals will be increased by 900.

[0186] exist Figure 20 and Figure 21In this embodiment, the floating balance assembly 912 includes an end cap 940, a valve stem 942, a bushing 948, and one or more O-rings 952. The flange 957 of the end cap 940 is coupled to the body 914 of the regulator 910 and, together with the stem 942, isolates the fourth chamber 994 from the outlet 930. One or more O-rings 952 provide a seal between the floating stem 942 and the end cap 940 to maintain the isolation between the fourth chamber 994 and the outlet 930. In the illustrated example, the valve stem 942 floats within a bore 959 formed in the end cap 940, allowing the valve stem 942 to move along the X-axis of the regulator body 914. The valve stem 942 moves axially according to the fluid pressure at the outlet 930 and in the fourth chamber 994.

[0187] like Figure 20 As shown, the float rod 942 spans the fourth chamber 994 and outlet 930 of the actuator assembly 922. When the regulator 910 is used as a working regulator, the control pressure in the second chamber 990 and the fourth chamber 994 is approximately equal to the pressure at outlet 930. Because the control pressure operating at the first end 953 of the float rod 942 is substantially equal to the outlet pressure operating at the second end 955 of the float rod 942, the float rod 942 does not substantially exert force on the valve stem 954, thus not affecting the operation of the regulator 910. However, when the regulator 910 is used as a monitor, the control pressure in the second chamber 990 and the fourth chamber 994 is significantly lower than the pressure at outlet 930. Because the control pressure operating at the first end 953 of the float rod 942 is substantially less than the outlet pressure operating at the second end 955 of the float rod 942, the float rod 942 moves to the left (in Figure 20 and Figure 21 (In the direction shown) and contacts the valve stem 954. The force of the outlet pressure operating at the second end 955 of the float rod 942 serves to assist the regulator 910 in moving toward the closed position. Furthermore, since the outlet pressure is substantially equal to the inlet pressure when the regulator 910 is used as a monitor, the pressure operating at the second end 955 of the floating structure is substantially equal to the inlet pressure operating in the unbalanced cross-sectional area of ​​the valve stem 954. Therefore, the floating balance assembly 912 provides a structure that operates in a first operating mode and a second operating mode, in which the float rod 942 engages the valve stem 954 of the actuator assembly 922, and in the second operating mode, the float rod 942 disengages from the valve stem 954. In the first operating mode, the float rod 942 is operatively coupled to the control element and applies a first force to the control element. In the second operating mode, the float rod 942 is effectively decoupled from the control element.

[0188] like Figure 21As shown, the first end 953 of the floating rod 942 has a hemispherical shape, in which an internal channel 961 is formed. The internal channel 961 includes a longitudinal portion 963 and a transverse portion 965 perpendicular to the longitudinal portion 963. When the balancing assembly 912 is in the first operating mode, as... Figure 20 As shown, the internal channel 961 is in fluid communication with the passage 982, which extends partially through the valve stem 954. In this way, when the first end 953 of the float rod 942 contacts the second end 1100 of the valve stem 954 of the actuator assembly 922, the passage 982 of the valve stem 954 and the internal channel 961 of the float rod 942 fluidly couple the second chamber 990 of the regulator 910 with the fourth chamber 994. The hemispherical shape of the first end 953 may advantageously aid in guiding the float rod 942 as it slides within the end cap 940. However, in other examples, the first end 953 of the float rod 942 may have a different geometry and may be configured without an internal channel.

[0189] Although the balancing assembly 912 has been described as having a floating rod 942, in an alternative embodiment, the rod 942 of the balancing assembly 912 may be attached to the valve stem 954. In this arrangement, the fixed rod 942 essentially operates as an extension of the valve stem 954 of the actuator assembly 922. Because the fixed rod 942 is coupled to the rod 954, the outlet pressure will always operate to apply a closing force on the valve stem 954. Therefore, unlike the floating rod arrangement, the fixed rod balancing arrangement will apply a force equal to the outlet pressure operating in the cross-sectional area of ​​the second end 955 of the rod 942, regardless of whether the regulator 910 is used as a monitor or as a working regulator.

[0190] Advantageously, the axial controller 10 of this disclosure simplifies controller construction, manufacture, maintenance, and assembly. To access the internal components of the disclosed controller 10, the operator only needs to remove the inlet fitting 46 from the valve body 14 and slide the internal components out of the bore 18 through the inlet 26, which can be achieved using the controller 10 installed in the pipeline via the spacer 134. Assembly of the controller 10 is also simplified because the internal components can be properly arranged before inserting the actuator assembly 22 into the valve body 14, ensuring precise alignment and placement of these components. Repair or replacement of controller components is also simplified, and access to the internal components can be achieved through the inlet 26 or, in some cases, through a different access entry than the inlet 26. The removability of the internal components further allows the valve body 14 to be used with different types of internal components to provide different functions. For example, different internal components can be inserted into the valve body 14 so that the resulting device can be used as a control valve or a quick-closing safety valve. The valve stem 54 of the controller 10 is also easy to assemble. As described above, the valve stem 54 has different sections with varying outer diameters. When positioning the valve stem 54 relative to the sleeve 50 before inserting the internal components into the valve body 14, the operator only needs to match the orifices 87, 89 of the plates 70, 72 of the sleeve 50 with the corresponding thickness (i.e., segment) of the valve stem 54. Additionally, before arranging the actuator assembly 22 within the valve body 14, the operator can ensure that the passage 82 of the valve stem 54 is fluidly connected to the first downstream chamber 90 and the second downstream chamber 94, and that the path 76 of the sleeve 50 is fluidly connected to the first upstream chamber 88 and the second upstream chamber 92.

[0191] The dual-piston actuator assembly 22 provides a compact design for the regulator 10 while offering a sufficient pressure sensing area. Pistons 60, 62 are arranged in series and are in fluid communication with upstream chambers 88, 92 and downstream chambers 90, 94, partially defined by each piston 60, 62. In this way, the dual-piston actuator assembly 22 effectively provides a pressure sensing area similar to, or even larger than, that of a much larger single-piston actuator assembly, but in a relatively compact configuration. The size of the regulator 10 is further reduced by the axial insertion of internal components, allowing the valve body 14 to be a single component rather than multiple components connected to large and heavy flanges. The compact size allows the regulator 10 to be designed for mounting with a large line dimension (e.g., 12-inch line), whereas the size and weight of prior art axial regulators limit such regulator designs to smaller line dimensions.

[0192] Additionally, the actuator assembly 22 is arranged such that the first piston 60 and the second piston 62 move in a sealing engagement with the sleeve 50 rather than with the inner wall of the valve body 14. This simplifies the manufacturing process, as only the sleeve 50, and not the valve body 14, needs to be machined to provide a smooth sliding inner surface 214. Therefore, the larger valve body 14 can be manufactured using lower-cost techniques, such as rough casting rather than machining. Consequently, the dual-piston actuator assembly 22 reduces the manufacturing cost of the regulator 10.

[0193] The second exemplary valve stem 236, the third exemplary valve stem 238, the fourth exemplary valve stem 240, and the fifth exemplary valve stem 242 further simplify the dual-piston actuator assembly 22. As described above, each of the second exemplary valve stem 236, the third exemplary valve stem 238, the fourth exemplary valve stem 240, and the fifth exemplary valve stem 242 provides at least two passages for fluid connection between the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92, and between the second chamber 90 and the fourth chamber 94. Because each of the valve stems 236, 238, 240, and 242 provides a fluid connection between the first chamber 88 and the third chamber 92, the sleeve 50 of the regulator 10 may not include one or more paths 76 extending through the cylindrical portion 66 of the sleeve 50 and the second disc 72. In this way, the regulator 10 will not require the same sealing mechanism disposed in the orifice 18 and between the valve body 14 and the sleeve 50 to effectively seal the paths 76 of the actuator assembly 22. Instead, control pressure is transmitted via valve stems 236, 238, 240, and 242, and is not formed in the cylindrical wall 66 of sleeve 50.

[0194] Advantageously, the indicator assemblies 96, 396, 496, 596, and 696 of this disclosure provide accurate readings of the position of the regulator 10 by converting the axial displacement of the valve stem 54 into indicator movement that is conveniently located outside the regulator 10, and also feature a compact design.

[0195] Any component of the regulator 10 can be manufactured using additive manufacturing (AM) techniques or processes that construct three-dimensional objects by adding continuous layers of material to a material or receiving surface. Specifically, the first valve stem 236, the second valve stem 238, the third valve stem 240, the fourth valve stem 236, and the fifth valve stem 242 can be manufactured using AM to achieve staggered pathway arrangements and even more complex pathway arrangements. AM technology can be performed by any suitable machine or combination of machines. AM technology can generally involve or utilize computers, 3D modeling software (e.g., computer-aided design or CAD software), machine tools, and layered materials. Once a CAD model is generated, the machine tool can read data from the CAD file and layer or add continuous layers of liquids, powders, sheets (e.g.) in a stacked manner to create a three-dimensional object. AM technology can include any of a number of technologies or processes, such as, for example, stereolithography (“SLA”), digital light processing (“DLP”), fused deposition modeling (“FDM”), multi-nozzle modeling (“MJM”), selective laser sintering (“SLS”), selective laser melting (“SLM”), electron beam melting (“EBM”), and arc welding AM processes. In some embodiments, the AM process can include a directed energy laser deposition process. This directed energy laser deposition process can be performed by a multi-axis computer numerical control (“CNC”) machine tool with directed energy laser deposition capabilities. Other manufacturing techniques can be used to create the valve stem of the axial adjuster according to this disclosure, and are not limited to the techniques described herein.

[0196] The accompanying drawings and descriptions provided herein are for illustrative purposes only and depict and describe preferred embodiments of the axial adjuster. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing discussion that alternative embodiments of the components shown herein can be employed without departing from the principles described herein. Therefore, upon reading this disclosure, those skilled in the art will understand additional alternative structural and functional designs for the axial adjuster. Thus, although specific embodiments and applications have been illustrated and described, it should be understood that the disclosed embodiments are not limited to the precise constructions and components disclosed herein. Various modifications, alterations, and variations, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art, may be made in the arrangement, operation, and details of the methods and components disclosed herein without departing from the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A fluid control device comprising: a valve body defining an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet; a valve seat; a control element movable relative to the valve body between a closed position in which the control element engages the valve seat and an open position in which the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat; an actuator assembly including an actuator housing and an actuator stem operably coupled to the control element and extending through the actuator housing; a balance assembly operably coupled to the control element in a first operating mode and decoupled from the control element in a second operating mode, the balance assembly including a stem and an end cap operably coupled to the valve body; wherein the balance assembly is configured to apply a force to the control element to urge the control element toward the valve seat in the first operating mode; wherein the end cap at least partially encloses the stem and is spaced apart from the actuator housing.

2. The fluid control device of claim 1, wherein, The balance assembly is movably disposed in the valve body.

3. The fluid control device of claim 1, wherein, The actuator assembly controls fluid flow through the fluid control device in response to a sensed pressure, the actuator assembly including a cavity defining a sensing chamber and the actuator stem extending through the sensing chamber.

4. The fluid control device of claim 3, wherein, The stem of the balance assembly is a floating stem disposed between a sensing chamber of the actuator assembly and an outlet of the valve body.

5. The fluid control device of claim 4, wherein, The floating stem is in contact with the actuator stem of the actuator assembly in the first operating mode and is spaced apart from the actuator stem of the actuator assembly in the second operating mode.

6. The fluid control device of claim 5, wherein, The floating stem includes an internal passage.

7. The fluid control device of claim 6, wherein, The actuator stem of the actuator assembly includes an internal passageway.

8. The fluid control device of claim 7, wherein, The internal passage of the floating stem is in fluid communication with the internal passageway of the actuator stem of the actuator assembly when the balance assembly is in the first operating mode.

9. The fluid control device of claim 4, wherein, The floating stem slides relative to the end cap.

10. The fluid control device of claim 3, wherein, The sensed pressure is substantially equal to a fluid pressure at the outlet in the second operating mode, and wherein the sensed pressure is less than the fluid pressure at the outlet in the first operating mode.

11. The fluid control device of claim 3, wherein, A portion of the balance assembly is fixed to the actuator stem of the actuator assembly.

12. The fluid control device of claim 4, wherein, The balance assembly includes a bushing and a seal, and wherein the seal is disposed between the floating stem and the end cap to isolate the sensing chamber and the outlet.

13. The fluid control device of claim 1, wherein, The end cap has a hemispherical shape.

14. A control system including the fluid control device of claim 1, the control system comprising: a first axial regulator including an inlet, an outlet, a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet, and an actuator assembly including a first chamber and a second chamber; The fluid control device is a second axial regulator operably coupled to the first axial regulator, an inlet of the second axial regulator is in fluid communication with an outlet of the first axial regulator, and includes an actuator assembly, the second axial regulator is disposed downstream of the first axial regulator; a first pilot in fluid communication with a first chamber of the actuator assembly of the first axial regulator, the first pilot having a pressure setpoint; and a second pilot in fluid communication with the first pilot and in fluid communication with a second chamber of the actuator assembly of the first axial regulator, the second pilot having a pressure setpoint lower than the pressure setpoint of the first pilot; wherein, in a first operating mode, the second axial regulator maintains a control pressure of the control system, and, in a second operating mode, the first axial regulator maintains the control pressure of the control system.

15. The control system of claim 14, wherein, The actuator assembly of the first axial regulator includes a control element and a valve seat, the control element is movable relative to a valve body of the first axial regulator between a closed position in which the control element engages the valve seat and an open position in which the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat.

16. The control system of claim 15, wherein, The first axial regulator includes a balance assembly operably coupled to the control element of the first axial regulator such that, in the first operating mode, the balance assembly is configured to apply a force to the control element to urge the control element toward the valve seat.

17. The control system of claim 14, further comprising a third pilot in fluid communication with an outlet of the second axial regulator.

18. A fluid control device, comprising: a valve body defining an inlet, an outlet, and a flow path connecting the inlet and the outlet; a valve seat; a control element movable relative to the valve body between a closed position in which the control element engages the valve seat and an open position in which the control element is spaced apart from the valve seat; a balance assembly operably coupled to the control element in a first operating mode and decoupled from the control element in a second operating mode; an actuator assembly controlling fluid flow through the fluid control device in response to a sensed pressure, the actuator assembly including a cavity defining a sensed chamber and a stem operably coupled to the control element and extending through the sensed chamber; wherein the balance assembly is configured to apply a force to the control element to urge the control element toward the valve seat in the first operating mode; and wherein the sensed pressure is substantially equal to a fluid pressure at the outlet in the second operating mode, and wherein the sensed pressure is less than the fluid pressure at the outlet in the first operating mode.

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