A double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction. The device consists of two parts, namely a support pile and a floating ruler. A circuit control assembly is installed inside the floating ruler. A water turbine motor and a measuring cylinder are installed on the floating ruler. A floating plate is installed inside the measuring cylinder. A fixed grating sensor II and a moving grating sensor II are respectively installed on the measuring cylinder and the floating plate. The floating ruler is installed on a floating plate support. The floating plate support is installed on a fixed module through a support beam. The fixed module is supported by a support pile I and a support pile II coaxially installed. A moving grating sensor I and a fixed grating sensor I are respectively installed on the support pile I and the support pile II. The structure of the present invention is simple and does not require artificial energy supply. After installation, it realizes multiple functions of autonomously correcting the posture and observing the water level and flow velocity, and can realize variable-frequency water level measurement according to the change of water flow velocity. The present invention has double-precision measurement, providing a basis for data correction and multiple applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrological measurement, and in particular relates to a double-precision variable-frequency water level meter based on hydraulic automatic posture correction. Background Art

[0002] Water level monitoring in river basins is a crucial component of hydrological data measurement. Water level data is closely related to human life and production, and serves as a crucial basis for the planning, design, construction, and management of water conservancy projects. Monitoring accuracy and frequency are particularly crucial for flood control and drought relief.

[0003] Water level gauges and water level meters are generally used for measurement. The observation time and frequency vary depending on the needs of hydrological forecasts and hydrological information. Generally, measurements are taken 1-2 times a day. During the rainy season and flood season, the frequency of observations is increased according to measurement needs, so that the observation results can fully reflect the process of water level changes. Currently, the most widely used is the red and blue two-color hydrological gauge, which has an accuracy of centimeters and is generally divided into sections of 1 meter. During use, surveyors are required to measure the water level elevation on site with the naked eye, which consumes a lot of manpower and material resources. In addition, when the water level fluctuates violently, the average value of manual visual measurement also increases the error of the data.

[0004] To meet the urgent needs of water conservancy safety, water resource development, and management, and to improve the accuracy and accessibility of hydrological data, various water level sensors have emerged, including float-type water level sensors, piezoresistive pressure water level sensors, thermal conductivity water level sensors, conductive water level sensors, ultrasonic water level sensors, and optical grating sensors. Furthermore, image recognition technology, based on the combination of cameras and water gauges, has also been applied and developed in the field of water level measurement. However, current measurement methods all have their own drawbacks. Common drawbacks include significant influence of water level fluctuations on the recorded data, large variance in the overall dataset from the actual value, and a single sample size, making it difficult to facilitate algorithm correction. Furthermore, measuring equipment can be easily tilted by impacts from floating objects, which can invalidate the measurement data.

[0005] In addition, the installation of a water level gauge is inseparable from a fixing device. The existing water level gauge fixing devices vary in form, but can generally be divided into three parts: a bracket, an upper fixing device, and a base fixing device. When installing an existing water level gauge, it is necessary to install the base fixing device at a designated location, then fix the bracket to the base fixing device, and finally fix the water gauge thereon through the upper fixing device. During the fixing process, while meeting the requirements of firmness, it is difficult to avoid the water gauge installation base and the water gauge remaining in a vertical state, which will increase the error of the water gauge observation. In addition, under the conditions of dangerous shoals and rapids, it is difficult to have a good working surface that can fully guarantee the engineering standards for the water gauge installation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The objective of this invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, and design a dual-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction. Through capacitive grating sensors (including fixed grating sensors and moving grating sensors), two sets of water level measurements with different relative precisions are achieved. Under the coordinated action of a motor and a six-axis gyroscope under the control of a single-chip microcomputer control unit, the vertical posture of the water level gauge can be automatically adjusted, so that there is no need to worry about the vertical state of the water gauge in the face of any complex terrain, nor spend energy on adjusting its vertical state. The structure of the present invention is simple, without the need for artificial energy supply, easy to operate, and after installation, it realizes multiple functions of autonomous posture correction, water level and flow velocity observation, which can save labor and improve measurement efficiency.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction includes a floating ruler and a support pile. A diversion hole penetrating the floating ruler is reserved on the floating ruler, a water turbine motor is installed in the diversion hole, a circuit control assembly is installed in the floating ruler, a measuring cylinder is fixedly installed on the rear side of the floating ruler, and a floating plate that can move up and down is installed in the measuring cylinder; The support pile includes support pile I, support pile II, a fixing module, a support beam, and a floating plate bracket. Support pile I is coaxially installed in support pile II. A fixing module is fixedly installed at the top of support pile I. There is a reserved hole on the fixing module. The support beam can pass through the reserved hole and its position is fixed by a fixing screw at the top of the fixing module. The support beam is fixedly installed with the rotor of motor I. Motor I is fixedly installed on the floating plate bracket. One end of the floating plate bracket is connected to the measuring cylinder through motor II, and the other side is connected to the measuring cylinder through the installed bearing. A fixed grating sensor II is installed on the inner wall of the measuring cylinder, and a moving grating sensor II is installed in the floating plate. The moving grating sensor II and the fixed grating sensor II cooperate with each other to measure the position of the floating plate. The contact surfaces of support pile II and support pile I are all self-lubricating materials, which can enable support pile II and support pile I to slide relative to each other. A fixed grating sensor I is installed in the wall of support pile II, and a moving grating sensor I is installed at the bottom of support pile I. The fixed grating sensor I and the moving grating sensor I cooperate with each other to measure the relative displacement of support pile II and support pile I. The circuit control assembly includes a single-chip microcomputer control unit, a motor drive module, a six-axis gyroscope, an A / D conversion, and a wireless transmission module. The single-chip microcomputer control unit is respectively connected to the motor drive module, the six-axis gyroscope, the A / D conversion, and the wireless transmission module. The single-chip microcomputer control unit is connected to the moving grating sensor I, the fixed grating sensor I, the moving grating sensor II, the fixed grating sensor II, and the six-axis gyroscope through A / D conversion. The single-chip microcomputer control unit is connected to motor I and motor II through the motor drive module. A battery is installed in the support beam 4; the measurement frequencies of the moving grating sensor I, the fixed grating sensor I, the moving grating sensor II, and the fixed grating sensor II are positively correlated with the flow rate measured by the water turbine motor; the measurement data of the moving grating sensor I and the fixed grating sensor I are H1, and the measurement data of the moving grating sensor II and the fixed grating sensor II are H2. Then the water level data is H = H1 - H2 + L, where L is the length of support pile I.

[0008] The structure of the present invention is novel, reasonable, and simple, and has the following advantages:

[0009] (1) It can automatically correct the vertical posture of the water level gauge. The requirement for the vertical posture of the support structure of the water level gauge is reduced, which can greatly facilitate the rapid and efficient fixing work of the measurement personnel in complex terrains.

[0010] (2) The water level data is convenient for later correction. Affected by the self-weight of the floating ruler, the data H1 measured by the capacitive grating sensors (including the fixed grating sensor and the moving grating sensor) on the support pile is a relatively stable water level change, with small instantaneous fluctuations. The water level change value measured by it is more valuable as long-span time series data; while the data H2 measured by the capacitive grating sensors (including the fixed grating sensor and the moving grating sensor) on the measuring cylinder and floating board of the floating ruler is a relatively sensitive water level change, which fluctuates greatly with the water level and can sharply capture the short-term instantaneous changes in the water level before and after the flood peak. In addition, the two can cooperate with each other to measure the water level elevation. Later, relevant statistical algorithms can be applied for correction according to the data fluctuation characteristics, providing data support for various hydrological calculations.

[0011] (3) Variable-frequency measurement of water level data. The acquisition frequency of water level data is positively correlated with the flow velocity. When a flood comes, as the flow velocity increases, the measurement frequency increases, which can provide more accurate and timely flood process data and provide timely and sufficient data support for flood control and fighting. When in the non-flood season, a lower measurement frequency is maintained to avoid energy waste and data redundancy.

[0012] (4) The water flow supplies its own power without external artificial energy input. Description of the Drawings

[0013] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction;

[0014] Figure 2 is an axonometric view of the overall structure of a double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction;

[0015] Figure 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the internal structure of a double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction;

[0016] Figure 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the partial structure of the support pile;

[0017] Figure 5 is a schematic horizontal sectional view of a double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction;

[0018] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the circuit control assembly;

[0019] Explanation of the part numbers in the figure:

[0020] 1. Floating ruler; 2. Support pile; 3. Fixed module; 4. Support beam; 5. Hydrogenerator; 6. Floating plate bracket; 7. Floating plate; 8. Fixed screw; 9. Circuit control assembly; 10. Motor I; 11. Fixed grating sensor II; 12. Support pile I; 13. Support pile II; 14. Moving grating sensor I; 15. Fixed grating sensor I; 16. Measuring cylinder; 17. Battery; 18. Motor II; 19. Moving grating sensor II; 20. Single-chip microcomputer control unit; 21. Motor drive module; 22. Six-axis gyroscope; 23. A / D conversion; 24. Wireless transmission module. Specific implementation manner

[0021] The implementation scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction includes a floating ruler 1 and a support pile 2. A diversion hole penetrating the floating ruler 1 is reserved on the floating ruler 1, and a water wheel motor 5 is installed in the diversion hole. A circuit control assembly 9 is installed in the floating ruler 1. A measuring cylinder 16 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the floating ruler 1, and a floating plate 7 that can move up and down is installed in the measuring cylinder 16. The support pile 2 includes a support pile I 12, a support pile II 13, a fixing module 3, a support beam 4, and a floating plate bracket 6. The support pile I 12 is coaxially installed in the support pile II 13. The top of the support pile I 12 is fixedly installed with a fixing module 3. There is a reserved hole on the fixing module 3. The support beam 4 can pass through the reserved hole and its position is fixed by a fixing screw 8 at the top of the fixing module 3. The support beam 4 is fixedly installed with the rotor of a motor I 10. The motor I 10 is fixedly installed on the floating plate bracket 6. One end of the floating plate bracket 6 is connected to the measuring cylinder 16 through a motor II 18, and the other side is connected to the measuring cylinder 16 through the installed bearing. A fixed grating sensor II 11 is installed on the inner wall of the measuring cylinder 16, and a moving grating sensor II 19 is installed in the floating plate 7. The moving grating sensor II 19 and the fixed grating sensor II 11 cooperate with each other to measure the position of the floating plate 7. The contact surfaces of the support pile II 13 and the support pile I 12 are all self-lubricating materials, which can enable the support pile II 13 and the support pile I 12 to slide relative to each other. A fixed grating sensor I 15 is installed in the wall of the support pile II 13, and a moving grating sensor I 14 is installed at the bottom inside the support pile I 12. The fixed grating sensor I 15 and the moving grating sensor I 14 cooperate with each other to measure the relative displacement of the support pile II 13 and the support pile I 12. The circuit control assembly 9 includes a single-chip microcomputer control unit 20, a motor drive module 21, a six-axis gyroscope 22, an A / D conversion 23, and a wireless transmission module 24. The single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 is respectively connected to the motor drive module 21, the six-axis gyroscope 22, the A / D conversion 23, and the wireless transmission module 24. The single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 is respectively connected to the moving grating sensor I 14, the fixed grating sensor I 15, the moving grating sensor II 19, the fixed grating sensor II 11, and the six-axis gyroscope 22 through the A / D conversion 23. The single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 is connected to the motor I 10 and the motor II 18 through the motor drive module 21. A battery 17 is installed in the support beam 4; the measurement frequencies of the moving grating sensor I 14, the fixed grating sensor I 15, the moving grating sensor II 19, and the fixed grating sensor II 11 are positively correlated with the flow rate measured by the water wheel motor 5; the measurement data of the moving grating sensor I 14 and the fixed grating sensor I 15 are H1, and the measurement data of the moving grating sensor II 19 and the fixed grating sensor II 11 are H2. Then the water level data is H = H1 - H2 + L, where L is the length of the support pile I 12.

[0022] In actual use, the support pile 2 of a double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction provided by the above-mentioned embodiment can be driven into the ground and fixed without calibration for verticality at a selected position. By inserting the support beam 4 into the reserved hole of the fixing module 3, the floating ruler 1 is installed on the support pile 2. The support pile I 12 is lifted a certain height from the support pile II 13 and fixed by a limiter, so that the floating ruler 1 is above the water surface at this time. After the posture of the floating ruler 1 approaches vertical and is stable under the action of its own weight, the fixing screw 8 is tightened to prevent the support beam 4 from having relative displacement or rotation. At this time, the upper computer sends a start command to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 through the wireless transmission module 24. The single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 receives and processes the data of the six-axis gyroscope 22 through the A / D conversion 23, and controls the motor I 10 and the motor II 18 to make corresponding posture adjustments by calculating the inclination angle until the data measured by the six-axis gyroscope 22 satisfies that the floating ruler 1 is in a vertical posture. The fixed state of the limiter is cancelled, so that the floating ruler 1 is immersed in the water and suspended in the water body under the action of its own buoyancy. Among them, the water wheel motor 5 rotates under the push of water power. On the one hand, it supplies power to the whole system, and the excess power is stored in the battery 17. On the other hand, through the A / D 23 conversion, the flow velocity data can be transmitted back to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 and transmitted to the upper computer by the wireless transmission module 24. The floating ruler 1 has a certain self-weight and will not float or sink greatly with small waves, but will rise and fall with the rise and fall of the water level. Correspondingly, the support pile I 12 and the support pile II 13 will also have relative displacement. The moving grating sensor I 14 and the fixed grating sensor I 15 on them will send the relative displacement data H1 to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 through the A / D conversion 23. At the same time, the floating plate 7 in the measuring cylinder 16 will also change with the water level. Relative to the support pile I 12 and the support pile II 13, the floating plate 7 is more sensitive to the change of the water level. The corresponding moving grating sensor II 19 and the fixed grating sensor II 11 will send the relative displacement data H2 to the single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 through the A / D conversion 23, and finally transmit H1 and H2 to the upper computer through the wireless transmission module 24. When the flow velocity measured by the water wheel motor 5 reaches different thresholds, the measurement frequencies of the data H1 and H2 are changed accordingly. The faster the flow velocity, the higher the measurement frequency.

[0023] In addition, when the double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction is offset due to human or natural disturbances (including impacts by floating objects), the single-chip microcomputer control unit 20 receives and processes the data of the six-axis gyroscope 22 through the A / D conversion 23, and controls the motor I 10 and the motor II 18 to make corresponding posture adjustments by calculating the inclination angle until the data measured by the six-axis gyroscope 22 satisfies that the floating ruler 1 is in a vertical posture.

Claims

1. A double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction, characterized in that: A double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction includes a floating ruler (1) and a support pile (2). A diversion hole penetrating the floating ruler (1) is reserved on the floating ruler (1), and a water turbine motor (5) is installed in the diversion hole. A circuit control assembly (9) is installed in the floating ruler (1). A measuring cylinder (16) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the floating ruler (1), and a floating plate (7) that can move up and down is installed in the measuring cylinder (16). The support pile (2) includes a support pile I (12), a support pile II (13), a fixing module (3), a support beam (4), and a floating plate bracket (6). The support pile I (12) is coaxially installed in the support pile II (13). The top end of the support pile I (12) is fixedly installed with the fixing module (3). A reserved hole is provided on the fixing module (3). The support beam (4) can pass through the reserved hole and its position is fixed by a fixing screw (8) at the top end of the fixing module (3). The support beam (4) is fixedly installed with the rotor of the motor I (10). The motor I (10) is fixedly installed on the floating plate bracket (6). One end of the floating plate bracket (6) is connected to the measuring cylinder (16) through the motor II (18), and the other side is connected to the measuring cylinder (16) through the installed bearing. A fixed grating sensor II (11) is installed on the inner wall of the measuring cylinder (16), and a moving grating sensor II (19) is installed in the floating plate (7). The moving grating sensor II (19) and the fixed grating sensor II (11) cooperate with each other to measure the position of the floating plate (7). The contact surfaces between the support pile II (13) and the support pile I (12) are all self-lubricating materials, which can enable the support pile II (13) to slide relative to the support pile I (12). A fixed grating sensor I (15) is installed in the wall of the support pile II (13), and a moving grating sensor I (14) is installed at the bottom inside the support pile I (12). The fixed grating sensor I (15) and the moving grating sensor I (14) cooperate with each other to measure the relative displacement between the support pile II (13) and the support pile I (12).

2. The double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit control assembly (9) includes a single-chip microcomputer control unit (20), a motor drive module (21), a six-axis gyroscope (22), an A / D conversion (23), and a wireless transmission module (24). The single-chip microcomputer control unit (20) is respectively connected to the motor drive module (21), the six-axis gyroscope (22), the A / D conversion (23), and the wireless transmission module (24). The single-chip microcomputer control unit (20) is connected to the water turbine motor (5), the moving grating sensor I (14), the fixed grating sensor I (15), the moving grating sensor II (19), the fixed grating sensor II (11), and the six-axis gyroscope (22) through the A / D conversion (23). The single-chip microcomputer control unit (20) is connected to the motor I (10) and the motor II (18) through the motor drive module (21).

3. A double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: A battery (17) is installed in the support beam (4).

4. A double-precision variable-frequency water level gauge based on hydraulic automatic posture correction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measurement frequencies of the moving grating sensor I (14), the fixed grating sensor I (15), the moving grating sensor II (19), and the fixed grating sensor II (11) are positively correlated with the flow velocity measured by the hydro-generator (5); if the measurement data of the moving grating sensor I (14) and the fixed grating sensor I (15) are H1, and the measurement data of the moving grating sensor II (19) and the fixed grating sensor II (11) are H2, then the water level data is H = H1 - H2 + L, where L is the length of the support pile I (12).

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