Self-propelled fertilizer spreader

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-propelled fertilizer spreader, comprising a fertilizer collection mechanism, a power system, a feeding mechanism, a lifting cylinder, a fertilizer box, a fertilizer box conveying mechanism, a spreading mechanism, a walking system and a cab. Compared with the prior art, the self-propelled fertilizer spreader of the present invention integrates the functions of fertilizer collection, feeding, transportation, transmission and spreading, improves the fertilizer collection efficiency, expands the fertilizer collection range, reduces the labor intensity, reduces the labor demand, is conducive to promoting the use of organic fertilizers and industrial development, and meets the development trend of agricultural machinery and national environmental protection requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer spreaders, and in particular to a self-propelled fertilizer spreader capable of integrating fertilizer collection, feeding, transportation, transmission and spreading. Background Art

[0002] Organic fertilizers are rich in organic matter and nutrients needed for crop growth. They can not only provide nutrients needed for crop growth and improve soil, but also improve crop quality, increase crop yield, promote high and stable crop yields, maintain soil fertility, and at the same time improve fertilizer utilization and reduce production costs. Full and reasonable use of organic fertilizers can increase crop yields, improve soil fertility, improve the quality of agricultural products, and increase the effectiveness of soil nutrients. Therefore, my country is vigorously promoting the production and use of organic fertilizers.

[0003] Existing fertilizer spreaders usually have the following disadvantages: the capacity of fertilizer spreaders is small and not suitable for the current land transfer trend; loading fertilizer on fertilizer spreaders requires manual labor or loaders, which increases the input of manpower and material resources. Therefore, how to provide a new type of fertilizer spreader to reduce labor intensity, expand the capacity of the machine, and conform to the development trend of the industry is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled fertilizer spreader which integrates the functions of fertilizer collection, feeding, transportation, transmission and spreading, thereby increasing the capacity of the fertilizer spreader and reducing labor intensity.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] The invention discloses a self-propelled fertilizer spreader, comprising:

[0007] A traveling system, the traveling system comprising a chassis, a traveling transmission system and wheels;

[0008] A fertilizer collecting mechanism, the fertilizer collecting mechanism comprising a bucket and a bidirectional auger shaft, the bidirectional auger shaft is installed in the bucket, the middle part of the bidirectional auger shaft is a smooth shaft section, and the bucket is located at the front side of the chassis;

[0009] A feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprising a feeding channel and a feeding conveying mechanism, the feeding conveying mechanism is located in the feeding channel, one end of the feeding channel is connected to the rear end of the bucket and is opposite to the optical axis section, the feeding channel and the bucket are fixed to each other, and the feeding conveying mechanism is used to convey the fertilizer in the feeding channel backwards;

[0010] A lifting cylinder, wherein the lifting cylinder is fixed on the chassis, the extended end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bucket, and the lifting cylinder is used to lift and lower the integral structure composed of the bucket and the feeding channel;

[0011] A fertilizer box, wherein the other end of the feeding channel is always connected to the front of the fertilizer box during the up and down movement, and a movable baffle is provided at the rear end of the fertilizer box;

[0012] A fertilizer box conveying mechanism, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism is installed in the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer box conveying mechanism is used to convey the fertilizer in the fertilizer box backward;

[0013] A spreading mechanism, which is installed on the fertilizer box and located behind the movable baffle, and comprises a vertical auger shaft and a tray, and the tray is fixed to the lower end of the vertical auger shaft;

[0014] A power system, the power system is installed on the chassis, and the power system drives the wheels, the two-way auger shaft, the feeding conveying mechanism, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism and the spreading mechanism through a transmission system;

[0015] A cab is installed on the chassis, and the cab is used to control the power system and the transmission system.

[0016] Preferably, the feeding conveying mechanism includes a feeding belt and a feeding belt shaft, the feeding belt shaft is installed on the feeding channel, the feeding belt is sleeved on the outside of the feeding belt shaft, the feeding belt includes a feeding belt body and a feeding scraper, and the feeding scraper is fixed to the outside of the feeding belt body.

[0017] Preferably, the feeding belt shaft includes a feeding driven shaft and a feeding support shaft, the front end of the feeding belt body is sleeved on the optical axis section of the bidirectional auger shaft, the rear end of the feeding belt body is sleeved on the driven shaft, the feeding support shaft is located in the middle of the inner side of the feeding belt body, and the bidirectional auger shaft drives the feeding belt body to rotate.

[0018] Preferably, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism includes a scraper chain, a scraper, a hydraulic motor, two hydraulic motor mounting shafts and two sprockets, the scraper is fixed on the scraper chain, the hydraulic motor mounting shaft is installed on the fertilizer box, the hydraulic motor is coaxially connected to one of the hydraulic motor mounting shafts through a coupling, the two sprockets are respectively fixed on the two hydraulic motor mounting shafts, and the scraper chain is sleeved on the outside of the two sprockets.

[0019] Preferably, the movable baffle is slidably arranged on the fertilizer box, and the movable baffle can slide up and down to open or close the fertilizer outlet.

[0020] Preferably, the spreading mechanism further comprises a movable plate, which is located on the upper side of the tray and sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the vertical auger shaft.

[0021] Preferably, the fertilizer collecting mechanism also includes two brushing mechanisms, which include a brush body and a first hydraulic motor. The brush body is located on the inner side of the bucket and is vertically arranged. The brush body is arranged at the lateral end of the bucket inlet. The first hydraulic motor is fixed on the bucket, and the first hydraulic motor is coaxially fixedly connected to the brush body.

[0022] Preferably, the fertilizer collecting mechanism also includes two fertilizer gathering mechanisms, which include a fertilizer gathering plate and a hydraulic cylinder, one end of the fertilizer gathering plate is connected to the lateral end of the bucket inlet through a rotating pair, the cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bucket through a rotating pair, the protruding end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fertilizer gathering plate through a rotating pair, and the hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the fertilizer gathering plate to swing.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0024] The self-propelled fertilizer spreader of the present invention integrates the functions of fertilizer collection, loading, transportation, transmission and spreading, thereby improving the fertilizer collection efficiency, expanding the fertilizer collection range, reducing labor intensity, and reducing labor demand, which is beneficial to promoting the use of organic fertilizers and industrial development, and conforms to the development trend of agricultural machinery and national environmental protection requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0026] Figure 1 This is an axonometric view of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader of this embodiment;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a side view of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader of this embodiment;

[0028] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the self-propelled fertilizer spreader of this embodiment;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the fertilizer collecting mechanism and the feeding mechanism;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the spreading mechanism;

[0031] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. Fertilizer collecting mechanism; 10. Brush; 11. Bidirectional auger shaft; 12. Feeding belt; 13. Fertilizer gathering plate; 2. Power system; 3. Feeding mechanism; 4. Fertilizer box; 5. Spreading mechanism; 51. Upper mounting shaft; 52. Vertical auger shaft; 53. Movable plate; 54. Tray; 6. Travel system; 7. Cab; 81. Hydraulic motor mounting shaft; 82. Scraper chain; 83. Scraper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-propelled fertilizer spreader which integrates the functions of fertilizer collection, feeding, transportation, transmission and spreading, thereby increasing the capacity of the fertilizer spreader and reducing labor intensity.

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] like Figure 1-5 As shown, this embodiment provides a self-propelled fertilizer spreader, including a fertilizer collecting mechanism 1, a power system 2, a feeding mechanism 3, a lifting cylinder, a fertilizer box 4, a fertilizer box conveying mechanism, a spreading mechanism 5, a walking system 6 and a cab 7.

[0036] Among them, the walking system 6 includes a chassis, a walking transmission system and wheels. The walking system 6 is a common structure in this field and will not be described here. The fertilizer collection mechanism 1 includes a bucket and a two-way auger shaft 11. The two-way auger shaft 11 is installed in the bucket. The middle part of the two-way auger shaft 11 is a smooth axis section, and the bucket is located on the front side of the chassis. When the fertilizer spreader moves forward, the fertilizer is shoveled into the bucket. The fertilizer in the bucket is transported to the center under the push of the two-way auger shaft 11, and moves to the rear of the middle part of the bucket together with the newly shoveled fertilizer. The feeding mechanism 3 includes a feeding channel and a feeding conveying mechanism. The feeding conveying mechanism is located in the feeding channel. One end of the feeding channel is connected to the rear end of the bucket and is opposite to the smooth axis section. The feeding channel and the bucket are fixed to each other. The other end of the feeding channel is always connected to the front of the fertilizer box 4 during the up and down movement. The front part of the fertilizer box is provided with a strip groove in the up and down direction for the feeding channel to slide up and down. After the fertilizer in the bucket enters the feeding channel, the feeding conveying mechanism conveys the fertilizer in the feeding channel backward to the fertilizer box 4. The lifting cylinder is fixed on the chassis, and the extended end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bucket. The lifting cylinder is used to lift and lower the integral structure composed of the bucket and the feeding channel. The fertilizer box conveying mechanism is installed in the fertilizer box 4, and the fertilizer box conveying mechanism is used to convey the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 4 backward. A movable baffle is provided at the rear end of the fertilizer box 4, and the spreading mechanism 5 is installed on the fertilizer box 4 and is located behind the movable baffle. After the movable baffle is opened, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism conveys the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 4 to the spreading mechanism 5. The spreading mechanism 5 includes a vertical auger shaft 52 and a tray 54, and the tray 54 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical auger shaft 52. The upper center position of the upper end of the vertical auger shaft 52 is an upper mounting shaft 51, and the upper mounting shaft 51 is connected to the transmission system for driving the vertical auger shaft 52. At the same time, the upper mounting shaft 51 passes upward through the top plate on the rear side of the fertilizer box 4 and is connected to the fasteners. The fasteners and the top plate are vertically limited to realize the vertical support of the vertical auger shaft 52. When the vertical auger shaft 52 rotates, the fertilizer is spread around. The power system 2 is installed on the chassis, usually a diesel engine power system. The power system 2 drives the wheels, the two-way auger shaft 11, the feeding conveying mechanism, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism and the spreading mechanism 5 through the transmission system. The transmission system can be a conventional transmission form such as chain drive, belt drive, etc., as long as it can play a role in power transmission, it will not be repeated here. The cab 7 is installed on the chassis, and the cab 7 is used to control the power system 2 and the transmission system.

[0037] When the self-propelled fertilizer spreader of this embodiment is operating, the fertilizer collection mechanism 1 and the feeding and conveying mechanism start working, and the fertilizer enters the fertilizer box 4 through the bucket and the feeding channel. After the fertilizer is collected, the fertilizer collection mechanism 1 and the feeding and conveying mechanism stop working. After the machine reaches the working field, the movable baffle is opened, and the fertilizer box conveying mechanism and the spreading mechanism 5 start working, and the fertilizer is transported backward to the spreading mechanism 5 to complete the spreading process. The bucket and the feeding channel are an integral structure. When feeding, the integral structure moves down, and the bucket can contact the ground; when transferring and transporting, the bucket moves up and leaves the ground a certain distance.

[0038] There are many types of feeding conveying mechanisms. In this embodiment, the feeding conveying mechanism includes a feeding belt 12 and a feeding belt shaft. The feeding belt shaft is installed on the feeding channel, and the feeding belt 12 is sleeved on the outside of the feeding belt shaft. The feeding belt 12 includes a feeding belt body and a feeding scraper, and the feeding scraper is fixed on the outside of the feeding belt body.

[0039] In order to simplify the transmission structure and reduce the equipment cost, the bidirectional auger shaft 11 and the feeding belt 12 in this embodiment act synchronously. Specifically, the feeding belt shaft includes a feeding driven shaft and a feeding support shaft. The front end of the feeding belt body is sleeved on the optical axis section of the bidirectional auger shaft 11, and the rear end of the feeding belt body is sleeved on the driven shaft. The feeding support shaft is located in the middle of the inner side of the feeding belt body. The bidirectional auger shaft 11 drives the feeding belt body to rotate, and the optical axis section of the bidirectional auger shaft 11 and the feeding driven shaft tighten the feeding belt 12, and the feeding support shaft supports the feeding belt 12.

[0040] There are many types of fertilizer box conveying mechanisms. In this embodiment, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism includes a scraper chain 82, a scraper 83, a hydraulic motor, two hydraulic motor mounting shafts 81 and two sprockets. The scraper 83 is fixed on the scraper chain 82, the hydraulic motor mounting shaft 81 is installed on the fertilizer box 4, the hydraulic motor is coaxially connected to one of the hydraulic motor mounting shafts 81 through a coupling, the two sprockets are respectively fixed on the two hydraulic motor mounting shafts 81, and the scraper chain 82 is sleeved on the outside of the two sprockets. The hydraulic motor drives one of the hydraulic motor mounting shafts 81 to rotate, drives the other hydraulic motor mounting shaft 81 and the scraper chain 82 to rotate through chain transmission, and then transports the fertilizer backward through the scraper 83.

[0041] After the movable baffle is opened, a fertilizer outlet is formed at the rear end of the fertilizer box 4. There are many specific installation methods for the movable baffle, such as rotating installation, sliding installation, installation by fasteners, etc. In this embodiment, the movable baffle is slidably arranged on the fertilizer box 4 through a slide rail and a slider assembly, the movable baffle is fixed on the slider, the slider is slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the slide rail is fixed on the fertilizer box 4. The movable baffle can slide up and down to open or close the fertilizer outlet.

[0042] In order to facilitate timely cleaning of the support plate, in this embodiment, the spreading mechanism 5 further includes a movable plate 53, which is located on the upper side of the tray 54 and sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the vertical auger shaft 52. Since the movable plate 53 and the support plate are not relatively fixed, when the vertical auger shaft 52 rotates, the movable plate 53 and the tray 54 slide relative to each other, thereby cleaning the fertilizer on the support plate.

[0043] In order to improve the collection efficiency of fertilizer, the fertilizer collection mechanism 1 of this embodiment also includes two brushing mechanisms. The brushing mechanism includes a brush body 10 and a first hydraulic motor. The brush body 10 is located on the inner side of the bucket and is vertically arranged. The brush body 10 is arranged at the lateral end of the bucket inlet. The first hydraulic motor is fixed on the bucket, and the first hydraulic motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the brush body 10. Since the pushing area of ​​the bidirectional auger shaft 11 is limited, this embodiment is provided with a brushing mechanism. When the first hydraulic motor is working, it drives the brush body 10 to rotate, brushes the fertilizer near the edge of the bucket into the bucket, replenishes the bidirectional auger shaft 11, and improves the transportation efficiency of the fertilizer in the bucket.

[0044] In order to further improve the fertilizer collection efficiency, the fertilizer outside the bucket opening range is gathered into the bucket. The fertilizer collection mechanism 1 of this embodiment also includes two fertilizer gathering mechanisms. The fertilizer gathering mechanism includes a fertilizer gathering plate 13 and a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the fertilizer gathering plate 13 is connected to the lateral end of the bucket inlet through a rotating pair, the cylinder end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bucket through a rotating pair, and the extended end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fertilizer gathering plate 13 through a rotating pair. The hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the fertilizer gathering plate 13 to swing. Due to the gathering effect of the fertilizer gathering plate 13, the fertilizer collection mechanism 1 can collect both strip fertilizers and irregular fertilizers.

[0045] The present specification uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-propelled fertilizer spreader, characterized in that: include: A traveling system, the traveling system comprising a chassis, a traveling transmission system and wheels; A fertilizer collecting mechanism, the fertilizer collecting mechanism comprising a bucket and a bidirectional auger shaft, the bidirectional auger shaft is installed in the bucket, the middle part of the bidirectional auger shaft is a smooth shaft section, and the bucket is located at the front side of the chassis; A feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism comprising a feeding channel and a feeding conveying mechanism, the feeding conveying mechanism is located in the feeding channel, one end of the feeding channel is connected to the rear end of the bucket and is opposite to the optical axis section, the feeding channel and the bucket are fixed to each other, and the feeding conveying mechanism is used to convey the fertilizer in the feeding channel backwards; A lifting cylinder, wherein the lifting cylinder is fixed on the chassis, the extended end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the bucket, and the lifting cylinder is used to lift and lower the integral structure composed of the bucket and the feeding channel; A fertilizer box, wherein the other end of the feeding channel is always connected to the front of the fertilizer box during the up and down movement, and a movable baffle is provided at the rear end of the fertilizer box; A fertilizer box conveying mechanism, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism is installed in the fertilizer box, and the fertilizer box conveying mechanism is used to convey the fertilizer in the fertilizer box backward; A spreading mechanism, which is installed on the fertilizer box and located behind the movable baffle, and comprises a vertical auger shaft and a tray, and the tray is fixed to the lower end of the vertical auger shaft; A power system, the power system is installed on the chassis, and the power system drives the wheels, the two-way auger shaft, the feeding conveying mechanism, the fertilizer box conveying mechanism and the spreading mechanism through a transmission system; A cab, the cab is installed on the chassis, and the cab is used to control the power system and the transmission system; The fertilizer collecting mechanism further includes two brushing mechanisms, the brushing mechanism including a brush body and a first hydraulic motor, the brush body is located inside the bucket and is vertically arranged, the brush body is arranged at the lateral end of the bucket inlet, the first hydraulic motor is fixed on the bucket, and the first hydraulic motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the brush body; The fertilizer collecting mechanism also includes two fertilizer gathering mechanisms, which include a fertilizer gathering plate and a hydraulic cylinder. One end of the fertilizer gathering plate is connected to the lateral end of the bucket inlet through a rotating pair, the cylinder body end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the bucket through a rotating pair, and the protruding end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the fertilizer gathering plate through a rotating pair. The hydraulic cylinder is used to drive the fertilizer gathering plate to swing.

2. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding conveying mechanism includes a feeding belt and a feeding belt shaft. The feeding belt shaft is installed on the feeding channel. The feeding belt is sleeved on the outside of the feeding belt shaft. The feeding belt includes a feeding belt body and a feeding scraper. The feeding scraper is fixed on the outside of the feeding belt body.

3. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding belt shaft includes a feeding driven shaft and a feeding support shaft. The front end of the feeding belt body is sleeved on the optical axis section of the bidirectional auger shaft, and the rear end of the feeding belt body is sleeved on the driven shaft. The feeding support shaft is located in the middle of the inner side of the feeding belt body, and the bidirectional auger shaft drives the feeding belt body to rotate.

4. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizer box conveying mechanism includes a scraper chain, a scraper, a hydraulic motor, two hydraulic motor mounting shafts and two sprockets. The scraper is fixed on the scraper chain, the hydraulic motor mounting shaft is installed on the fertilizer box, the hydraulic motor is coaxially connected to one of the hydraulic motor mounting shafts through a coupling, the two sprockets are respectively fixed on the two hydraulic motor mounting shafts, and the scraper chain is sleeved on the outside of the two sprockets.

5. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable baffle is slidably arranged on the fertilizer box, and the movable baffle can slide up and down to open or close the fertilizer outlet.

6. The self-propelled fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spreading mechanism also includes a movable plate, which is located on the upper side of the tray and sleeved on the outer side of the lower end of the vertical auger shaft.

Images