A broadband high polarization isolation dual-linear polarization phased array antenna

Abstract

The present invention discloses a broadband high polarization isolation dual-linear polarization phased array antenna, which belongs to the technical field of phased array antennas. It includes at least one dual-polarization antenna subarray, and the dual-polarization antenna subarray includes horizontal and vertical dipole radiation units, a multilayer printed circuit board, a reflector and an isolation structure. There is a feeding network on the multilayer printed circuit board, and the horizontal and vertical dipole radiation units are connected to the feeding network and spaced apart. The isolation structure is connected to the reflector to form an integrated structure. The present invention has the advantages of wide operating frequency band, high polarization isolation, simple structure, easy processing, simple installation, good stability, low cost, etc., and is suitable for mass production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of satellite communication and phased array antennas, and in particular to a broadband high-polarization-isolated dual-linear polarization phased array antenna, which is suitable for the satellite communication needs of large mobile platforms such as vehicles and aircraft. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of wireless communication systems, the number of users has increased day by day, and spectrum resources have become increasingly scarce. Therefore, the modern communication field urgently needs antennas with dual-polarization functions to solve the problem of crowded spectrum resources. In satellite communication systems, dual-polarization antennas can transmit two different polarization signals within the same bandwidth, doubling the frequency band utilization and thus doubling the communication capacity. In addition, phased array antennas composed of dual-polarization antennas also have the advantages of flexible tracking, fast response speed, and small size.

[0003] In airborne or vehicle-mounted mobile communication applications, strict requirements are placed on the physical properties of phased array antennas, such as space volume and weight. At the same time, future satellite communications will require a shared antenna for both transmission and reception to process signals in two separate frequency bands that are received and transmitted simultaneously, meet the communication needs of multiple systems, and achieve multi-system sharing and transmission and reception sharing. The dual-polarization antenna combines two orthogonal polarization antennas and works in duplex mode at the same time, and can work separately with good port isolation. At present, the needs of this field have put forward higher requirements for existing dual-polarization antennas for mobile communications, requiring dual-polarization antennas to have broadband, high polarization isolation and high gain. In addition, in order to meet the needs of market competition, the antenna is also required to have a simple structure, low cost, and mass production.

[0004] The bandwidth, polarization isolation, beam width and gain of dual-polarization phased array antennas mainly depend on the performance of antenna units in the antenna array. Existing dual-polarization antennas have the following main problems:

[0005] 1. Bandwidth: The transmission and reception share one antenna, which requires the dual-polarized antenna to have wide bandwidth beam characteristics. When using a single antenna unit to achieve broadband dual polarization, a multi-layer stacked structure is often used, which is complex and difficult to integrate, limiting its application potential in satellite communications, vehicle-mounted and airborne communications, and other fields.

[0006] 2. Polarization isolation: Existing dual-polarized antennas mainly reduce coupling and achieve mutual coupling suppression by adding various compact mutual coupling suppression tools between antenna units, establishing decoupling networks behind radiators, or directly placing antennas. However, the engineering application of the above methods is limited. Most isolation tools are only effective in one specific direction, and mutual coupling suppression networks generally have a narrow bandwidth and are not suitable for broadband arrays.

[0007] 3. Structural aspects: In large mobile platforms such as airborne or vehicle-mounted platforms, space is limited and effective mutual coupling suppression methods must be adopted to improve the polarization isolation between antennas. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to meet the needs of satellite communications, to make up for the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology, and to provide a broadband and high-polarization-isolated dual-linear polarization phased array antenna. The antenna can achieve dual-linear polarization radiation by arranging the array in both horizontal and vertical directions, and has a wide operating frequency band and high polarization isolation. The antenna has a simple structure, is easy to process, is convenient to install, has good stability, is low in cost, is suitable for mass production, and has a high prospect for engineering application.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] A broadband high-polarization isolated dual-linear polarization phased array antenna comprises at least one dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, wherein the dual-linear polarization antenna subarray comprises a multilayer printed board 2 and a reflector 3 arranged on the bottom surface of the multilayer printed board 2, a feed network 5 is carried on the multilayer printed board 2, a dipole radiation unit 1 is further arranged on the upper surface of the multilayer printed board 2, an isolation structure 4 is arranged between two adjacent dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays, the isolation structure 4 passes through the multilayer printed board 2 and is connected to the reflector 3; in each dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, the dipole radiation unit 1 is divided into a horizontal radiation unit and a vertical radiation unit for realizing dual-linear polarization, the horizontal radiation unit and the vertical radiation unit are arranged at intervals, and both the horizontal radiation unit and the vertical radiation unit are connected to the feed network.

[0011] Furthermore, the oscillator radiation unit 1 includes a metal shell and a filling medium 8, the metal shell includes a feed balun 7 and a pair of metal arms 6 arranged on the feed balun 7, and two vertical strip grooves are also provided on the feed balun. The metal arms and the strip grooves are respectively arranged at one-quarter of a circle in the circumference of the feed balun, and the metal arms and the strip grooves are spaced apart in the circumference of the feed balun.

[0012] Furthermore, a semi-cylindrical structure is provided at the side edge of the dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, and when two adjacent dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays are spliced ​​together, the corresponding two semi-cylindrical structures are spliced ​​into a complete isolation structure 4.

[0013] Furthermore, the metal arm 6 and the feeding balun 7 are an integrated metal structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the multilayer printed board 2 and the reflective plate 3 are fixedly connected via an adhesive layer.

[0015] Furthermore, the reflector 3 and the semi-cylindrical structure are an integrated metal structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the pair of metal arms 6 is a bending symmetrical vibrator structure.

[0017] Furthermore, the feeding balun 7 is a slotted coaxial line balun.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are:

[0019] 1. Working bandwidth. The dual-polarized phased array antenna of the present invention has a wide working bandwidth, and its percentage bandwidth can reach 39%, which can realize the use of a single antenna for both transmission and reception, thus solving the problem of limited space, volume and weight of the phased array antenna.

[0020] 2. High polarization isolation dual-line polarization. The dual-line polarization phased array antenna of the present invention uses horizontal and vertical directions to realize horizontal and vertical polarization respectively, has high port isolation and excellent isolation performance. The cross-polarization isolation of the dual-line polarization phased array antenna of the present invention can reach 45dB, and within the range of ±60°, the cross-polarization isolation can be greater than 30dB.

[0021] 3. Low profile and miniaturization. The dual-polarization phased array antenna of the present invention has the characteristics of low profile and miniaturization, and can be used in mobile communication platforms such as vehicles and aircraft.

[0022] 4. It can realize batch production in engineering. The dual-polarized phased array antenna of the present invention has the characteristics of simple structure, high reliability and easy processing, which is convenient for batch production in engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarization phased array antenna in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-linear polarization antenna subarray.

[0025] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1 and 2As shown, a broadband high-polarization isolated dual-linear polarization phased array antenna includes at least one dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, wherein the dual-linear polarization antenna subarray includes a multilayer printed board 2 and a reflector 3 arranged on the bottom surface of the multilayer printed board 2, a feeding network 5 is carried on the multilayer printed board 2, and a dipole radiation unit 1 is also arranged on the upper surface of the multilayer printed board 2, and an isolation structure 4 is arranged between two adjacent dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays, and the isolation structure 4 passes through the multilayer printed board 2 and is connected to the reflector 3; in each dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, the dipole radiation unit 1 is divided into a horizontal radiation unit and a vertical radiation unit for realizing dual-linear polarization, the horizontal radiation unit and the vertical radiation unit are arranged at intervals, and the horizontal radiation unit and the vertical radiation unit are both connected to the feeding network.

[0028] Furthermore, the oscillator radiation unit 1 includes a metal shell and a filling medium 8, the metal shell includes a feed balun 7 and a pair of metal arms 6 arranged on the feed balun 7, and two vertical strip grooves are also provided on the feed balun. The metal arms and the strip grooves are respectively arranged at one-quarter of a circle in the circumference of the feed balun, and the metal arms and the strip grooves are spaced apart in the circumference of the feed balun.

[0029] Furthermore, a semi-cylindrical structure is provided at the side edge of the dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, and when two adjacent dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays are spliced ​​together, the corresponding two semi-cylindrical structures are spliced ​​into a complete isolation structure 4.

[0030] Here is a more specific example:

[0031] Still see Figure 1 and 2 , a Ku-band broadband high-polarization isolation dual-line polarization phased array antenna for satellite communication, which is spliced ​​by dual-line polarization antenna subarrays. The dual-line polarization antenna subarray consists of a dipole radiation unit 1, a multilayer printed board 2, a reflector 3 and an isolation structure 4; the dipole radiation unit 1 is composed of a metal shell and an internal filling medium 8, the metal shell is composed of a pair of metal arms 6 and a feed balun 7, and the feed balun is provided with two strip grooves, which are arranged oppositely; there is a feed network 5 on the multilayer printed board 2, and the multilayer printed board 2 and the reflector 3 are fixed by gluing; the material of the transmitting board 3 and the isolation structure 4 is metal, and the reflector 3 and the isolation structure 4 are processed in an integrated manner; the end section of the horizontally arranged dipole radiation unit passes through the multilayer printed board 2 and is connected to the feed network 5 to achieve horizontal polarization; the end section of the vertically arranged dipole radiation unit passes through the multilayer printed board 2 and is connected to the feed network 5 to achieve vertical polarization. The dual-polarized antenna array implemented in this way can achieve high polarization isolation and low cross-polarization.

[0032] The dual-linear polarization phased array antenna may be composed of M dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays, where M is a positive integer. In this embodiment, M is 4.

[0033] It should be noted that the size of the metal shell of the dipole radiation unit is adjustable, and the metal arm 6 and the feeding balun 7 are integrally processed, which improves the reliability of the antenna array.

[0034] The sizes of the dipole arms and the strip slots of the feeding balun of the horizontally arranged dipole radiating unit and the vertically arranged dipole radiating unit may be the same or different; in this embodiment, the length of the dipole arm of the dipole radiating unit 1 is 0.3 times the wavelength, the width of the strip slot of the feeding balun 7 is 0.02 times the wavelength, and the length of the strip slot of the feeding balun 7 is 0.17 times the wavelength.

[0035] The feeding network 5 is a 1:N equal power division or unequal power division feeding structure, which can realize broadband feeding.

[0036] As a preferred solution, the metal arm 6 of the metal shell uses a bent symmetrical dipole structure, which can significantly reduce the size of the antenna, achieve miniaturization of the dipole radiation unit, and reduce the weight of the antenna.

[0037] As a preferred solution, the feed balun 7 uses a slotted coaxial line balun, and the two strip slots on the feed balun are symmetrically arranged.

[0038] As a preferred solution, the multilayer printed circuit board 2 and the reflective plate 3 are fixed by gluing.

[0039] As a preferred solution, the isolation structure 4 adopts a cylindrical structure, the reflective plate 3 and the isolation structure 4 are made of metal, and the reflective plate 3 and the isolation structure 4 are processed as one piece.

[0040] The above dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays can be used as basic array units to be spliced ​​into dual-linear polarization phased array antennas of different sizes.

[0041] In the above dual-polarized phased array antenna, the dipole radiation units in the horizontal and vertical directions are connected to the feed network and arranged at intervals, which increases the effective radiation area of ​​the antenna array and makes the antenna array have the advantage of high gain. In addition, the isolation structure is connected to the reflector to form an integrated structure, which can adjust the electrical performance of the dipole radiation unit and significantly improve the cross-polarization isolation of the array.

[0042] In summary, the dual-polarized antenna array of the present invention has the advantages of wide operating frequency band, high polarization isolation, simple structure, easy processing, simple installation, good stability and low cost. It is suitable for mass production and can be used in application scenarios requiring array antennas, one-dimensional phased array antennas and two-dimensional phased array antennas.

Claims

1. A broadband high polarization isolation dual-linear polarization phased array antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least one dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, wherein the dual-linear polarization antenna subarray comprises a multi-layer printed board (2) and a reflector (3) arranged on the bottom surface of the multi-layer printed board (2); a feed network (5) is carried on the multi-layer printed board (2); a dipole radiation unit (1) is also arranged on the upper surface of the multi-layer printed board (2); an isolation structure (4) is arranged between two adjacent dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays; the isolation structure (4) passes through the multi-layer printed board (2) and is connected to the reflector (3); in each dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, the dipole radiation unit (1) is divided into a horizontal radiation unit and a vertical radiation unit for realizing dual-linear polarization; the horizontal radiation unit and the vertical radiation unit are arranged at intervals; and both the horizontal radiation unit and the vertical radiation unit are connected to the feed network; The dipole radiation unit (1) comprises a metal shell and a filling medium (8), the metal shell comprising a feed balun (7) and a pair of metal arms (6) arranged on the feed balun (7), the feed balun is also provided with two vertical strip grooves, the metal arms and the strip grooves are respectively arranged at a quarter of a circle in the circumference of the feed balun, and the metal arms and the strip grooves are arranged at intervals in the circumference of the feed balun; A semi-cylindrical structure is provided at the side edge of the dual-linear polarization antenna subarray, and when two adjacent dual-linear polarization antenna subarrays are spliced ​​together, the corresponding two semi-cylindrical structures are spliced ​​together into a complete isolation structure (4); The metal arm (6) and the feeding balun (7) are an integrated metal structure; The multilayer printed board (2) and the reflective plate (3) are fixedly connected via an adhesive layer.

2. The broadband high polarization isolation dual-linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reflective plate (3) and the semi-cylindrical structure are an integrated metal structure.

3. The broadband high polarization isolation dual-linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pair of metal arms (6) is a bent symmetrical vibrator structure.

4. The broadband high polarization isolation dual-linear polarization phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding balun (7) is a slotted coaxial line balun.

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