Monitoring of high or medium voltage equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (100, 200, 300) for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology, comprising: at least one connection (101) designed for connection to a high-voltage or medium-voltage conductor (102); a sensor system (103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 115) designed for determining a plurality of different physical and / or chemical measured values ​​related to the device and / or the conductor and / or the environment; and a communication system (121) operating in an especially wireless manner, designed for receiving measured values ​​from the sensor system and transmitting them to an entity (135) in a network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an apparatus for high- or medium-voltage technology and furthermore to a method for high- or medium-voltage technology, wherein in particular a product life cycle and / or a production process and / or the operation of a high- or medium-voltage technology installation is monitored. Background Art

[0002] A switchgear in high-voltage or medium-voltage technology is a device in which electrical energy can be distributed or converted. The switchgear, in particular its busbar, can form a node of a high-voltage, medium-voltage or low-voltage power grid. The lines entering and exiting the switchgear at the node are called branches, which can be designed for feeding in, outputting and coupling with other power grid nodes. The branches of the switchgear can be connected to other power grid nodes via the switching device. The switching device can include, for example, power transistors, circuit breakers, etc. The switchgear itself can be installed in a closed building or implemented as an outdoor installation, for example, designed as one or more switch rooms. In order to operate reliably, the different components of the switchgear must be monitored.

[0003] In particular, during the product life cycle of a device for high- or medium-voltage technology, information is generated which is on the one hand known and available, and on the other hand unavailable and therefore unknown. Known information is, for example, required quality checks, which are recorded and stored. Unknown information includes, for example, environmental requirements, such as acceleration, temperature, torque, pressure load or dwell time under certain environmental conditions. Information is generated at different stages of the life cycle of a device. It is not possible to relate the state of a device for high- or medium-voltage technology to its life cycle in a conventional manner.

[0004] Traditionally, quality assurance of equipment for high- or medium-voltage technology is performed at predetermined test times. In production, the determination of product-related information is performed in a specified test area, for example in a test room / test laboratory. In this respect, the data is determined, collected, and attributed to the object under test by the test field equipment. With regard to transport to the construction site, the transport requirements can be monitored with the help of vibration indicators on the transport components. When commissioning, the relevant information is collected with the help of test equipment, and the installed sensor technology is connected to the local system for operation. Therefore, the continuous acquisition of data that can be used for quality and function monitoring is not traditionally performed.

[0005] For technical reasons, in the field of high-voltage and medium-voltage equipment, process data of the equipment is collected by means of converters-sensors. The data (such as current, voltage, temperature, pressure, acceleration (vibration), moisture, etc.) are transmitted to the upper-level analysis system by wire. The power supply of the converter and the sensor is also carried out in a wired manner. The analysis system must be parameterized individually for each specific application. The collected data can only be used through other secondary systems.

[0006] In the traditional way, sensors / converters are used to measure measurement data such as current, voltage, temperature, pressure, acceleration (vibration), humidity, etc. Then, based on the measured value, the measured value is transmitted to the upper-level control and protection device by cable. For this purpose, it is necessary to plan, lay and test copper and optical cables passing through the device.

[0007] Therefore, monitoring of high-voltage or medium-voltage equipment according to the prior art is expensive and requires complex wiring, both during the production process, during the installation process and also during normal operation of the fully installed switchgear. Summary of the invention

[0008] The technical problem underlying the present invention is therefore to provide a device and a method for high- or medium-voltage technology in which at least some of the disadvantages or problems observed in the prior art are reduced or even eliminated.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the invention, a device for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology is provided, which has: at least one connector, which is designed to be connected to a high-voltage or medium-voltage conductor, in particular a cable and / or a gas-insulated conductor and / or an overhead line conductor; a sensor system, which is designed to determine a plurality of different physical and / or chemical measurement values ​​related to the device and / or related to the cable and / or the environment; and a communication system, in particular a wirelessly operating system, which is designed to receive measurement values ​​from the sensor system and transmit them to an entity in the network.

[0010] The device may in particular comprise a switchgear designed to distribute or convert energy in a medium-voltage or high-voltage network. At least one connection designed to be connected to a high-voltage or medium-voltage cable may implement a branch designed to feed in and / or output electrical energy or to couple to another network node.

[0011] The sensor system may include one or more sensors which are arranged at different locations of the device, in particular at different components of the device, in order to determine physical and / or chemical measured values. The device may include a plurality of (electrical and / or electronic) components, about which measured values ​​can be determined with the aid of the sensor system. The sensor system may also collect measured values ​​about the electrical energy (e.g. current and voltage) guided in the cable. The measured values ​​related to the environment may relate to the conditions surrounding the device, such as weather conditions, temperature, pressure, humidity, etc. The sensor system thus makes it possible to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the device.

[0012] The communication system may include one or more modules (which may also be integrated in the sensor, for example) and may be connected to all sensors of the sensor system in a unidirectional or bidirectional communication manner. The measured values ​​of the sensors of the sensor system may be transmitted in particular by radio, i.e. wirelessly, to the communication system and / or wirelessly by means of the communication system to the entity. The communication system may be connected to a communication network in which the entity (e.g., a server with a database) is located, either wired or wirelessly. Thus, the communication system may communicate partially wirelessly and partially wired.

[0013] The sensor system can be designed to work autonomously, in particular without requiring a specially provided power supply system. This makes it possible to provide a simply constructed device for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology that can enable monitoring in different life phases, such as production, transportation, installation and / or operation.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the communication system is designed to allow bidirectional communication in order to obtain sensor configuration data and transmit it to the sensor system, the sensor configuration data configuring the sensor system in particular with respect to the protection function and / or the measurement function and / or the sensitivity and / or the sampling rate. The communication system can be designed to obtain control data and transmit it to a component of the device in order to control the operation of the device. The communication system can be designed to transmit protection control data to a component of the device in order to control the protection function of the device.

[0015] The sensor configuration data may allow the different sensors of the sensor system to be configured, in particular with respect to the measurements to be performed, for example with respect to the measurement time point, the sampling interval, the measurement amplification, etc. The communication system may, for example, obtain control data from an entity (for example a server) from a network, which control data have, for example, been provided or generated by an operator of the device. The control data may, for example, comprise control signals to components of the device in order to control, for example, to switch on or off a specific connection to at least one high-voltage or medium-voltage conductor (for example by means of a circuit breaker and / or a power transistor). The protection function of the component may be designed to protect the device from damage, or also to protect the connection from damage or impairment.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the invention, the device further comprises a preprocessing system in order to prepare the measured values ​​for transmission, in particular to digitize the measured values ​​and / or to provide the measured values ​​with identification data and / or a time stamp and / or to convert the measured values ​​into at least one transmission data packet.

[0017] The sensors of the sensor system can be designed in different ways and provide measured values ​​in respectively specific formats. The preprocessing system can convert or transform these different formats or representations into a unified format and in particular into a unified transmission data format in order to transmit a unified transmission data packet or multiple transmission data packets for each sensor of the sensor system to the communication system, or to the entity by means of the communication system, in particular wirelessly. In particular, the communication system can include a wireless transmission module for each sensor of the sensor system in order to transmit the corresponding measured values ​​from the corresponding sensor of the sensor system to the entity. In the transmission data packet, for example, the type of sensor, the meaning of the measured value, the measurement time point, the sampling rate, the sensitivity, etc. are specified.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the invention, the measured values ​​are position data and / or acceleration and / or temperature and / or torque and / or pressure load and / or dwell time of the device.

[0019] Alternatively or additionally, according to an embodiment of the invention, the measured values ​​relate to current and / or voltage and / or temperature and / or pressure and / or acceleration and / or vibration and / or humidity of an electrical conductor, which is connected to the device (e.g. via a connected cable, a connected overhead line or a gas-insulated connection).

[0020] This allows the system to be fully monitored, thus ensuring quality assurance or reliable operation of the system.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the invention, the communication system is designed to make itself known and / or log in autonomously in an entity, in particular a database (or server) and / or in a network. The communication system can be a central communication system, which obtains the corresponding measured values ​​from all sensors of the sensor system. In a further embodiment, the individual communication modules of all sensors of the sensor system together form the communication system. In this case, the communication modules of all sensors of the sensor system can transmit their corresponding measurement data (individually) to the entity in the network, in particular wirelessly. In this case, the communication modules of all sensors of the sensor system can also be designed to make themselves known and / or log in autonomously in the entity in order to initiate a communication session.

[0022] According to an embodiment of the invention, the sensor system is designed to operate autonomously (e.g., without assistance and support from the outside (cable connection), in particular without a cable connection to the outside) in that the sensor system obtains the energy required for operation wirelessly, in particular by inductive transmission (e.g., from nearby components) or from a battery / accumulator included and / or by converted waste heat. As a result, the sensor system does not need to be connected to an electrical energy supply by means of an electrical energy supply cable. In particular, each individual sensor of the sensor system can be designed to operate autonomously. This can reduce the complexity of the device and, in particular, the installation overhead of the sensor system can be reduced.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the invention, the entity is designed for monitoring the manufacturing process and / or the transport and / or the installation of the device, and / or for optimizing the operation and / or the product, and / or for performing quality assurance.

[0024] Therefore, the sensor system together with the communication system can be applied in various ways to monitor different life stages of the equipment.

[0025] In particular, the installation can have a switchgear (switch cabinet) in the high-voltage or medium-voltage area.

[0026] It should be understood that according to embodiments of the present invention, the features described, illustrated or provided, alone or in any combination with an apparatus for high or medium pressure technology, can be applied in the same manner or with corresponding modifications, alone or in any combination, in a method for high or medium pressure technology, and vice versa.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology is provided, the method comprising the following steps: providing a device having a connector designed for connection to a high-voltage or medium-voltage conductor; determining a plurality of different physical and / or chemical measurement values ​​related to the device and / or the conductor and / or the environment; in particular transmitting the measurement values ​​wirelessly to an entity in a network.

[0028] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the method is performed during production and / or transportation and / or installation and / or operation and / or maintenance of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Embodiments of the present invention will now be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown or described.

[0030] Figure 1 A device for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology (also referred to as a sensor system) according to an embodiment of the invention is schematically shown;

[0031] Figure 2 A system for high voltage or medium voltage technology (with a network, a database, a server) is schematically shown, the system comprising an apparatus for high voltage or medium voltage technology according to an embodiment of the present invention; and

[0032] Figure 3 A system for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology is schematically shown, which comprises an apparatus for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology according to a further embodiment of the invention.

[0033] Similar or identical structures or features are denoted by reference numerals which differ only in the first digit. Features of different embodiments may be combined. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] According to an embodiment of the invention, the device comprises a multifunctional sensor mechanism. The multifunctional sensor mechanism (hereinafter also referred to as the sensor system) continuously collects all relevant information, processes it, and can store it in a self-sufficient manner in a database (cloud), such as an entity, in particular a computer server. In addition, since GPS data, acceleration values ​​and temperature curves are stored, it is possible to check whether there are deviations in the entire production process of the device. For example, during the manufacturing process, the vibrations of the manufacturing machine can be collected with the help of the acceleration time curve. In addition, the process during the transport process can also be collected, wherein the transport load can be notified by the self-sufficient system. Here, excessive loads can be quickly collected and measures can be taken immediately to offset the excessive loads.

[0035] Furthermore, during installation and / or commissioning, information can be collected with the aid of the sensor system. Usually, the sensors of the sensor system can be independently registered or made known in the local network. Furthermore, the sensors of the sensor system associated with the individual devices can communicate with each other and exchange relevant information. Furthermore, during operation and / or maintenance, monitoring can be performed with the aid of the sensor system and the communication system, wherein the operation management can be optimized based on the operating status of the individual components.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the product life cycle of components of equipment for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology can be continuously monitored. Product-related data can be stored in a superordinate database (cloud) via an autonomous sensor mechanism and can be further processed via a variety of analytical applications. In this regard, the manufacturing process can be monitored, transport monitoring and installation monitoring can be performed, operation optimization can be performed, product optimization can be performed, and quality assurance can be performed.

[0037] The sensors of the sensor system can detect not only operationally induced variables (e.g. temperature, voltage, current, gas density) but also lifecycle-related data (e.g. acceleration, vibration, moisture, GPS data). The sensor system can operate continuously and autonomously and can transmit the relevant data to a database for further use, for which purpose a communication system can be used. The sensor system can be independently logged into a network locally at the construction site (e.g. via a distributed or centrally designed communication system) and exchange relevant data during installation / commissioning for quality assurance documentation.

[0038] The entire life cycle of the product can be continuously monitored, which can lead to production improvements, reduce error costs, and optimize operational management.

[0039] According to a further embodiment of the invention, a sensor system is used to monitor the operation of an apparatus for high-voltage or medium-voltage technology. In this case, a sensor system operating autonomously can continuously collect all relevant measured values, process them (e.g. digitize them), and autonomously and wirelessly transmit them or further process them (e.g. convert them into derived values, use them for internal processing algorithms, etc.). The data flow can also be bidirectional, and thus changes in sensor parameters of the sensors of the sensor system can be achieved. For example, a switch from a protection function to a measurement function can be made during current measurement, an accuracy level adjustment can be made, a data sampling rate can be set, etc.

[0040] The sensor can be associated with a component of the device and can be logged on to the device database autonomously (plug and play) (for example via a communication system or a module of the same communication system associated with the sensor). The required information can be stored directly in the database. The data can be preprocessed in the sensor (in particular with the aid of a preprocessing system) so that the algorithms in the database can implement higher-value functions (such as protection and monitoring). In this case, additional hardware can be omitted by enabling "protection in the cloud". Individual functions (such as backup protection, comparison value acquisition, etc.) are implemented autonomously in the sensor or also by communicating directly with one or more component sensors (via the cloud). Messages or control commands can be sent directly to the components involved.

[0041] Various advantages can be achieved by the embodiments of the present invention. For example, the wiring can be simplified and / or the laying of cables can be completely omitted. It is possible to save equipment and reduce the required control cabinets and protection cabinets, thereby reducing the space requirement. In addition, the engineering expenditure can be reduced.

[0042] The sensor system can operate continuously and autonomously and can transfer the relevant data to a database for further use or exchange relevant data with other sensors. The data transmission can be carried out by means of wireless plug-and-play. The sensor can be adapted to existing components and new components can already have the sensor system integrated ex-works. In alternative embodiments, the data acquisition can be carried out in a decentralized manner without direct transparency.

[0043] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an apparatus 100 for high or medium voltage technology according to an embodiment of the invention is shown. Figure 1 The device 100 shown in comprises at least one joint 101 which is designed to be connected to a high-voltage or medium-voltage conductor 102 in order to realize a branching therefrom. In addition, the device 100 comprises a sensor system consisting of a plurality of sensors 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 115 which are designed to determine a plurality of different physical and / or chemical measured values ​​relating to the device 100 and / or to determine physical and / or chemical measured values ​​relating to an electrical conductor (e.g. a cable or a gas-insulated conductor or an overhead line conductor) connected to the joint 101 and / or to determine physical and / or chemical measured values ​​relating to the environment. In particular, the sensor 103 is designed to determine acceleration, the sensor 105 is designed to determine position (via GPS), the sensor 107 is designed to determine humidity and the sensor 109 is designed to determine temperature. The sensor 111 can be designed to determine current and voltage and the sensor 115 can be designed to determine the magnetic flux present on the cable connected to the joint 101.

[0044] The device may include different components 117 , 119 for analyzing / collecting / controlling measured values ​​and enabling normal operation of the device, for example, the device may be designed as a switching device. Sensors may be associated with one or more components 117 , 119 , respectively.

[0045] Furthermore, the device 100 has a wireless communication system 121, which is designed to obtain measured values ​​from the sensors 103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 115 and transmit them, in particular wirelessly, to an entity 135 in the network 130, in particular after processing by the preprocessing system 120. Thus, the measured values ​​can be transmitted to the entity 135 via radio waves 123.

[0046] Thus, data can be collected and sent wirelessly to a higher-level system. Here, the communication system 121 itself can log in to the cloud, for example, the network 130, in a self-sufficient manner (e.g., WLAN plug-and-play). In addition, the sensor system and / or the communication system 121 can have a self-sufficient power supply, in particular an electrical energy supply. In addition, the sensor system and / or the communication system can pre-process the measured values, in particular the measured data, so that the data can be used in the cloud (in particular by an entity 135, such as a computer server). Simple basic configuration (component addressing, etc.) can be implemented by MLFB (e.g., using DIP switches). A bidirectional data flow can be implemented between the communication system 121 and the entity 135 and / or the sensor, so that, for example, a switch from a protection function to a measurement function can be implemented during current measurement, an accuracy level adjustment can be implemented, a data sampling rate can be set, etc. The sensor system can implement individual functions (e.g., backup protection, comparison value acquisition, etc.) in a self-sufficient manner, or it can also perform the individual functions by directly communicating with one or more component sensors. In addition, the device can also take over the notification and control of the components to which it belongs.

[0047] Figure 2 Schematically, a device 200 according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, which is connected to a network 230 (e.g., to a cloud). The device 200 includes a communication system 231 with a plurality of branches 233, which can be connected to equipment components 239. In addition, the equipment components 239 include sensors, which according to an embodiment of the present invention can be monitored by means of a sensor system (not shown in detail). The measured values ​​of the sensor system are transmitted as measurement signals 237 to a control and monitoring unit 235 (which corresponds to Figure 1 The control and monitoring unit 235 is equipped with or connected to a communication system not shown in detail. The control and monitoring unit 235 is connected to the network 230 (e.g. the Internet or a data lake) via a communication link 241 (wireless or wired). The communication system is designed to receive measured values ​​from the sensor system and transmit them to the entity 235 in the network 230.

[0048] The sensors of the sensor system can obtain energy from their environment (e.g. induction in high-voltage equipment, waste heat from conversion, etc.) as an electrical energy supply. The sensors of the sensor system can independently make themselves known to the surrounding network (e.g. wireless network) and can, for example, report: which components are being monitored and what type of data is being sent. In the superordinate cloud, the measured data or measured values ​​obtained by the sensors are processed by executing algorithms, without the sensors themselves using algorithms or collecting algorithms from other stations. Time-critical functions can / should be sent directly from the collecting sensor to the executing sensor.

[0049] Figure 3A further device 300 according to an embodiment of the invention is schematically shown, which is connected to a network 330. For example, the device 300 can be designed as a switch device and comprises a sensor system and a communication system, which can be communicatively connected via an encryption function to the network 330. An entity 335 is arranged within the network 330, which can contain, for example, a database to which the measured values ​​obtained in the device 300 are sent.

Claims

1. A switchgear (100, 200, 300) for medium voltage technology, comprising: At least one connector (101) is designed to be connected to a medium voltage conductor (102); wherein: The switchgear comprises at least one busbar which forms a node of the medium-voltage network and can be connected to further network nodes via switching devices. a sensor system (103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 115) designed to determine a plurality of different physical and / or chemical measured values ​​related to the switchgear and / or the conductor and / or the environment; A communication system (121) designed to receive measured values ​​from a sensor system and transmit them to an entity (135) in a network, characterized in that The communication system (121) is designed to allow bidirectional communication in order to obtain and transmit sensor configuration data to the sensor system (103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 115), the sensor configuration data configuring the sensor system in terms of protection functions and measurement functions and sensitivity and / or sampling rate; and obtaining control data, the control data comprising control signals for components of the switchgear, and transmitting them to components of the switchgear in order to control the operation of the switchgear to make or break a connection to at least one medium voltage conductor, The switchgear also has a preprocessing system (120) for preparing the measured values ​​for transmission, for digitizing the measured values ​​and for providing the measured values ​​with identification data and / or a time stamp and / or for converting the measured values ​​into at least one transmission data packet.

2. The switchgear according to claim 1, wherein: The medium voltage conductor (102) is configured as a cable and / or a gas-insulated conductor and / or an overhead line conductor.

3. The switchgear according to claim 1, wherein: The measured value relates to the switching device Location data and / or Acceleration and / or Temperature and / or Torque and / or Pressure load and / or Duration of stay and / or related to the conductors connected to the switchgear Current and / or Voltage and / or Temperature and / or Pressure and / or Acceleration and / or Vibration and / or humidity.

4. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The communication system (121) is designed to autonomously make itself known and / or register itself in the entity (135) and / or in the network (130).

5. The switchgear according to claim 4, wherein: The entity (135) is constructed as a database.

6. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The sensor system is designed to be able to operate autonomously by obtaining the energy required for operation wirelessly, by inductive transmission and / or by converted waste heat.

7. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The entity (135) is designed for monitoring the manufacturing process and / or the transport and / or the installation, and / or for optimizing the operation and / or the product, and / or for performing quality assurance.

8. The switchgear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The individual communication modules of all sensors of the sensor system together form the communication system.

9. A method for medium voltage technology, the method comprising: A switchgear (100, 200, 300) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is provided, comprising a connection (101), the connection (101) being designed for connection to a medium voltage conductor (102); determining a plurality of different physical and / or chemical measurements related to the switchgear and / or the conductor and / or the environment; wirelessly transmitting the measured value to an entity (135) in a network (130) wherein: The communication is carried out bidirectionally so as to obtain sensor configuration data and transmit it to the sensor system (103, 105, 107, 109, 111, 115), the sensor configuration data configuring the sensor system in terms of protection functions and measurement functions and sensitivity and / or sampling rate; and to obtain control data, the control data including control signals to components of the switchgear, and transmit it to components of the switchgear so as to control the operation of the switchgear to connect or interrupt the connection with at least one medium-voltage conductor.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The method is performed during the following period: Production and / or Transportation and / or Install and / or Run and / or maintain.

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