Axial alignment fusion splicing device and fusion splicing method for large core diameter polarization maintaining fiber

Abstract

An axial alignment fusion splicing device and method for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers. The fusion splicing device is based on the existing large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system and is added with a high-efficiency linearly polarized light injection system, an output light collimation and filtering system, an optical power and extinction ratio detection system, and a data acquisition, processing and display system. The fusion splicing method is to first measure the optical power value and extinction ratio value of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber to be spliced, and then measure the optical power value and extinction ratio value after the fusion splicing of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Through the comparative analysis of the two groups of data, continuously adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber to match the polarization axis of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber. When the best result is achieved in the comparison of the two groups of data, complete the axial alignment fusion splicing of the two large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources. The optical fiber axial alignment of the present invention is accurate, the optical power and extinction ratio of the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber after fusion splicing are high, and the communication quality is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an optical fiber splicing device and a splicing method thereof, and particularly to an axial alignment splicing device and a splicing method thereof for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber, belonging to the technical field of manufacturing and application of optical fiber splicing devices. Background Art

[0002] Optical fiber communication has a large transmission capacity and good confidentiality, and has now become the most important wired communication method today. One of the bases of optical fiber communication is optical fiber.

[0003] Since there are two orthogonal polarization states during the transmission of light waves in a single-mode optical fiber, during the propagation of the light waves in these two polarization states, due to the influence of the ellipticity, refractive index distribution, and stress asymmetry of the single-mode optical fiber, there are differences in the propagation constants of the light waves in the two polarization states, and birefringence will occur during propagation, resulting in the generation of polarization mode dispersion, thus restricting its development in fields such as optical fiber sensing.

[0004] Since polarization-maintaining fiber (English name: Polarization Maintaining Fiber, abbreviation: PMF) has a strong polarization-maintaining ability for linearly polarized light, its applications in fields such as coherent optical communication, optical fiber sensing, and fiber optic gyroscopes have become increasingly widespread in recent years. It has achieved great development and is widely used in various fields such as aerospace, aviation, navigation, industrial manufacturing, and communication.

[0005] According to the different ways of generating birefringence in the optical fiber, polarization-maintaining fiber can be divided into geometric shape effect optical fiber and stress-induced optical fiber. Among them, geometric shape effect type optical fiber includes polarization-maintaining fibers such as elliptical core type, side groove type, and side tunnel type, and stress-induced optical fiber includes polarization-maintaining fibers such as bow tie type, panda type, inner elliptical cladding type, and rectangular stress cladding type.

[0006] During the construction and maintenance of optical fiber communication networks, it is often necessary to splice optical fibers. For existing splicing devices and splicing methods for non-homogeneous large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers, usually, side or end face image recognition technology is used to identify and align the fast and slow axes of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and then a special splicing device is used to complete the splicing. For example:

[0007] The "Splicing Method for a Polarization-Maintaining Photonic Crystal Fiber and a Panda Fiber" provided by the invention patent application (application number 201210359961.2) includes steps of selecting the initial position of the optical fiber, aligning the polarization axis, and splicing. The end face imaging axial alignment technology is adopted to achieve the alignment of the polarization axes of the photonic crystal fiber and the panda fiber;

[0008] The invention patent (application number: 201310746242.0) titled "A Fusion Splicing Method for Polarization-Maintaining Photonic Crystal Fibers" pre-treats two fibers to be fused, then places the two fibers into the fusion chamber of a fusion splicer for polarization axis alignment, and then pre-heats, re-heats, and cyclically heats the fusion part. Finally, the fusion point is strengthened and protected, improving the polarization axis alignment accuracy, avoiding the problem of excessive fusion loss caused by fiber mode field mismatch, and having a relatively high fusion strength at the same time. The invention patent (application number: 201310369271.X) titled "A Side View Axis Alignment Device and Method for Panda-Type Polarization-Maintaining Fibers" obtains the side view images of two fibers through an imaging microscope, uses digital image processing methods to find the center position and the position of the maximum light intensity of the fibers, obtains the absolute difference between the two positions, obtains the relationship curve between the absolute difference and the rotation angle by synchronously rotating the two fibers, takes several points near the highest value point of the curve for quadratic fitting to obtain the characteristic angle, calculates the difference between the characteristic angles of the two fibers, and thus obtains the stress axis deviation angle between the two fibers. By rotating one of the fibers, the required stress axis deviation angle can be obtained, achieving the axis alignment of polarization-maintaining fibers. It is mainly aimed at panda polarization-maintaining fibers and can achieve the axis alignment of panda-type polarization-maintaining fibers of various sizes.

[0009] The invention patent (application number: 201310617063.7) titled "Device Based on Polarization-Maintaining Fiber End Face Axis Alignment and Its Re-Fusion Splicing Method" completes all functions of a polarization-maintaining fusion splicer through a positioning and clamping tooling, a positioning and clamping device, a camera device, a first stepping motor, a second stepping motor, and a translation stage, in cooperation with the use of a single-mode fusion splicer.

[0010] The invention patent (application number: 201310164685.9) titled "An Alignment Device for Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Axis Alignment" includes a transverse electric displacement platform, a longitudinal electric displacement platform, a vertical electric displacement platform, a first adapter plate, a second adapter plate, a third adapter plate, as well as a two-dimensional precision manual displacement platform and a displacement platform connection plate, which are used for alignment in the axis alignment of polarization-maintaining fibers.

[0011] The invention patent application (application number: 201710242945.8) titled "Fiber Fusion Splicer and Fiber Fusion Splicing Method" realizes more intuitive and effective positioning through two rotatable fiber clamps, a fiber cutting knife, a fiber end face positioning unit, and a fiber fusion unit, and effectively fuses different types of fibers.

[0012] The invention patent application (application number: 201711096022.2) titled "Fiber Cutter, Fiber Fusion Kit, and Polarization-Maintaining Fiber Fusion Splicing Method" sets the focus of the camera unit at the cutting position of the cutting knife. When the cutting knife assembly cuts the polarization-maintaining fiber, the position of the stress rod is obtained through the camera unit, adjusted using the rotation assembly, and then the fiber is fixed using the moving clamp and then transferred to the fusion splicer for fusion.

[0013] The "Method for Axial Alignment of Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fibers" provided by the invention patent application (application number 202010121744.4) includes connecting one end of the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber to be axially aligned to a tester, then docking the other end of the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber to be axially aligned to a light source line through an adapter, using a fusion splicer to fuse a section of single-mode optical fiber to the first polarization-maintaining optical fiber to be axially aligned, installing the other end of the single-mode optical fiber on an auxiliary fixture for clamping and placing its end on one side of a fusion splicing platform, placing one end of the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber to be axially aligned on the other side of the fusion splicing platform, connecting the other end of the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber to be axially aligned to the tester, rotating the auxiliary fixture until the value on the tester is the same as the value D in step S1, and the fusion splicing platform fuses the single-mode optical fiber to the second polarization-maintaining optical fiber to complete the axial alignment connection;

[0014] The "Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fiber Fusion Splicing System" provided by the utility model patent (application number 201920144536.9) includes a tool sleeve, a conduit, and two clamps. A fiber optic cutter, an electrode heater, and a camera device are arranged inside the tool sleeve. The two clamps are sleeved inside the conduit and can both slide axially along the conduit;

[0015] The "Method and Device for Side-View Image Matching and Axial Alignment of Polarization-Maintaining Optical Fibers" provided by the invention patent (application number 200810226457.9) aligns the central axes of two polarization-maintaining optical fibers to be axially aligned on the same straight line, irradiates one side of the optical fiber with parallel light and records the sequence of the emitted light intensity distribution on the opposite side of the optical fiber at this time, irradiates the other side of the optical fiber with parallel light at an angle α to the parallel light and records the sequence of the emitted light intensity distribution on the opposite side of this side of the optical fiber at this time. According to the recorded sequences of the emitted light intensity distribution, calculate the cross-correlation coefficients R1 and R2 of the two optical fibers when irradiated in each direction respectively, rotate one of the polarization-maintaining optical fibers, repeat the above steps, and determine the axial alignment position according to the cross-correlation coefficients.

[0016] It can be seen that the polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing technology in the above-mentioned prior art has been very mature and can meet the requirements of fusing the same type of polarization-maintaining optical fibers.

[0017] However, due to historical and technical reasons, in reality, two or more different polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and internal stress sources have been laid in many places. For the fusion splicing of non-identical polarization-maintaining optical fibers, the technical solutions given in the prior art often have unsatisfactory fusion splicing effects. And these non-identical polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources often need to be fused for various reasons, but the prior art currently cannot provide a relatively perfect fusion splicing device and fusion splicing method. Summary of the Invention

[0018] To overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an axial alignment fusion splicing device and a fusion splicing method for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers, aiming at:

[0019] Providing a suitable fusion splicing device and a fusion splicing method for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers, so that the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers formed by butt-jointing passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources and active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers can obtain high optical power and extinction ratio, thereby ensuring the communication quality of the optical fibers.

[0020] To achieve this purpose, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0021] An axial alignment fusion splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers, which is used for the axial alignment fusion splicing of passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers and active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources, includes:

[0022] A large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system, and the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system includes a five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture;

[0023] One end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber is fixedly placed on one side inside the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system, and one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber axially aligned and fused with the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber is clamped and placed on the other side inside the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system by the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture;

[0024] The five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture clamps the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and finely tunes the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber so as to be axially aligned with the polarization axis of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber;

[0025] It is characterized in that:

[0026] It further includes an efficient linearly polarized light injection system, an output light collimation and filtering system, an optical power and extinction ratio detection system, and a data acquisition, processing and display system;

[0027] The efficient linearly polarized light injection system is arranged at the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber connected to the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system. The efficient linearly polarized light injection system includes an efficient linearly polarized light generator and a single-clad single-polarization optical fiber, wherein:

[0028] The output end of the efficient linearly polarized light generator is connected to one end of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber, the other end of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber is connected to the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber, the efficient linearly polarized light generator is used to generate efficient linearly polarized light, and the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber is used to conduct the efficient linearly polarized light to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber;

[0029] The output optical collimation and filtering system is arranged at the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber connected to the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system. The output optical collimation and filtering system includes a filtering component, a collimation component, and a diaphragm, where:

[0030] The filtering component is arranged at the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber. The filtering component is used to preliminarily remove the cladding light generated during the transmission of the highly efficient linearly polarized light that enters the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber through the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

[0031] The collimation component is arranged after the filtering component. The collimation component is used to collimate the highly efficient linearly polarized light passing through the filtering component into parallel light.

[0032] The diaphragm is arranged behind the collimation component. The diaphragm is used to block the light in the parallel light passing through the collimation component whose numerical aperture exceeds the numerical aperture of the core of the diaphragm, so as to further filter the cladding light generated during the transmission of the highly efficient linearly polarized light in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

[0033] The optical power and extinction ratio detection system is arranged after the output optical collimation and filtering system. The optical power and extinction ratio detection system includes an optical power meter and an extinction ratio tester, where:

[0034] The optical power meter is arranged behind the diaphragm, and the extinction ratio tester is arranged behind the optical power meter. The optical power meter and the extinction ratio tester are used to sequentially detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the parallel light passing through the diaphragm.

[0035] The data acquisition, processing, and display system includes a data acquisition and transmission device, a data analysis and processing device, and a display, where:

[0036] The data acquisition and transmission device is interconnected with the optical power meter, the extinction ratio tester, the data analysis and processing device, and the display. The data acquisition and transmission device acquires the parallel light optical power data obtained by the optical power meter and the parallel light extinction ratio data obtained by the extinction ratio tester, and sends them to the data analysis and processing device for analysis, processing, and recording to obtain analysis and processing data. Then, the data acquisition and transmission device displays the analysis and processing data through the display for the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture to adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

[0037] Further, the filtering component is a liquid filter including a high-refractive-index glue, and the collimation component is a laser collimator including a collimation lens.

[0038] Further:

[0039] The five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture is an automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture that can perform automatic adjustment operations through information control. The data acquisition and transmission device is also connected to the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture for information communication. The data acquisition and transmission device collects the operation data of the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture and uploads it to the data analysis and processing device. After analyzing and processing the obtained operation data of the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture, the optical power data, and the extinction ratio data, the data analysis and processing device forms feedback data and sends it to the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture through the data acquisition and transmission device to adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber so that it is finally consistent with the polarization axis of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

[0040] A method for axially splicing large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers using the above-mentioned axially splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers. The large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers are passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers and active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources. The method is characterized by including:

[0041] S10) The installation and connection steps of the axially splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers, including:

[0042] S11) Setting the high-efficiency linearly polarized light injection system on one side of the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber splicing system;

[0043] S12) Sequentially setting the output light collimation and filtering system and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system on the other side of the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber splicing system;

[0044] S13) Completing information connection between the data acquisition, processing, and display system and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system; or

[0045] Completing information connection between the data acquisition, processing, and display system and the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system in the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber splicing system respectively;

[0046] S20) The steps for measuring the extinction ratio of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber, including:

[0047] S21) Connecting one end of a section of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber to one end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and at the same time, connecting the other end of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber to the output end of the high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator;

[0048] S22) Leading the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber to the optical wave input port of the output light collimation and filtering system;

[0049] S23) Generate highly efficient linearly polarized light with the highly efficient linearly polarized light generator, and send the highly efficient linearly polarized light through the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and export it from the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber;

[0050] S24) Eliminate the cladding light generated during the transmission of the highly efficient linearly polarized light in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber through the output optical collimation and filtering system and convert the highly efficient linearly polarized light into parallel light;

[0051] S25) Detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the parallel light through the optical power and extinction ratio detection system, obtain the passive optical fiber optical power value and the passive optical fiber extinction ratio value, and record and display them through the data acquisition, processing and display system;

[0052] S30) The alignment step of the polarization axes of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber includes:

[0053] S31) Fix one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber through the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture or the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture;

[0054] S32) Fix the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fixed by the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture or the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture in the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion system, and fuse the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber through the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion system;

[0055] S33) Generate highly efficient linearly polarized light with the highly efficient linearly polarized light generator, and send the highly efficient linearly polarized light through the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the subsequent active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and export it from the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber;

[0056] S34) Eliminate the cladding light generated during the transmission in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber of the highly efficient linearly polarized light exported from one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber through the output optical collimation and filtering system and convert the highly efficient linearly polarized light into parallel light;

[0057] S35) Detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the parallel light through the optical power and extinction ratio detection system, obtain the butt-joint optical fiber optical power value and the butt-joint optical fiber extinction ratio value, and record and display the butt-joint optical fiber optical power value and the butt-joint optical fiber extinction ratio value through the data acquisition, processing and display system;

[0058] S36) Analyze and compare the butt joint optical fiber optical power value and the butt joint optical fiber extinction ratio with the passive optical fiber optical power value and the passive optical fiber extinction ratio to obtain the adjustment operation feedback data of the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture. Then, cut off the fusion joint of the polarization axes of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber according to this feedback data by using the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture or the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture. Then, repeat steps S32) to S35) until the best effect is obtained after comparing the butt joint optical fiber optical power value and the butt joint optical fiber extinction ratio with the passive optical fiber optical power value and the passive optical fiber extinction ratio.

[0059] S40) The fusion splicing and detection steps of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber include:

[0060] S41) Complete the axis alignment fusion splicing of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber through the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system.

[0061] S42) Measure the butt joint optical fiber optical power value and the butt joint optical fiber extinction ratio after the axis alignment fusion splicing of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber according to steps S33) to S35). Compare the butt joint optical fiber optical power value and the butt joint optical fiber extinction ratio with the passive optical fiber optical power value and the passive optical fiber extinction ratio again:

[0062] If the comparison result meets the expected requirements, complete the fusion splicing operation of the current passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

[0063] If the comparison result does not meet the expected requirements, repeat steps S32) to S35) again until the comparison result meets the expected requirements and complete the fusion splicing operation of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

[0064] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects and significant progress of the present invention are as follows:

[0065] 1) An axial alignment fusion splicing device and method for large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention, based on the existing large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system, add an efficient linearly polarized light injection system, an output light collimation and filtering system, an optical power and extinction ratio detection system, and a data acquisition, processing and display system. First, measure the optical power value and extinction ratio value of the passive large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber to be fused, and then measure the optical power value and extinction ratio value after fusing the active large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber and the passive large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber. Through the comparative analysis of the two groups of data, continuously adjust the polarization axis of the active large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber to match the polarization axis of the passive large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber, and finally achieve the desired result, completing the axial alignment fusion splicing of large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources;

[0066] 2) The axial alignment fusion splicing device and method for large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention are axially aligned accurately and have strong adaptability. They can adapt to the axial alignment fusion splicing of large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources and achieve good axial alignment effects, obtaining better optical power values and extinction ratio values, and ensuring the communication quality of the large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber after fusion splicing;

[0067] 3) The axial alignment fusion splicing device and method for large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention have novel and unique device designs, and the fusion splicing construction method is simple, convenient and reliable. The large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber obtained after fusing large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources has high optical power and extinction ratio and good communication quality. Therefore, it has great popularization and application value. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0068] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0069] Obviously:

[0070] The drawings in the following description are only the drawings of some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings, but these other drawings also belong to the scope of the drawings required for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 2 It is a schematic block diagram of the process of axial alignment fusion splicing of large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber using the axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0073] In the figure:

[0074] 110 - Passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber, 120 - Active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber;

[0075] 210 - Large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system, 211 - Five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture or automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture;

[0076] 220 - High-efficiency linearly polarized light injection system, 221 - High-efficiency linearly polarized light generator, 222 - Single-clad single-polarization fiber;

[0077] 230 - Output light collimation and filtering system, 231 - Filter component, 232 - Collimation component, 233 - Diaphragm;

[0078] 240 - Optical power and extinction ratio detection system, 241 - Optical power meter, 242 - Extinction ratio tester;

[0079] 250 - Data acquisition, processing and display system, 251 - Data acquisition and transmission device, 252 - Data analysis and processing unit, 253 - Display. Detailed implementation manners

[0080] To make the objectives, technical solutions, beneficial effects and remarkable progress of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0081] Obviously, all the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0082] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second" and "third" (if any) in the description, claims and accompanying drawings of the present invention are only used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order; in addition, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally further include unlisted steps or units, or may optionally further include other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0083] It should be understood that in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the directional or positional terms such as "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", etc. are only based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, which are for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element must have a specific orientation, specific orientation structure and operation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0084] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms such as "installation", "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or a movable connection, or even integrated, it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium or an invisible signal connection, or even an optical connection. It can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined.

[0085] For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0086] It should also be noted that the following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

[0087] Embodiment 1

[0088] This embodiment provides an axial alignment fusion splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining fibers.

[0089] As Figure 1 shown in the structural schematic diagram of an axial alignment fusion splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining fibers provided by the embodiments of the present invention:

[0090] The axial alignment fusion splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining fibers provided in this embodiment is used for the axial alignment fusion splicing of a passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110 and an active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources;

[0091] The axial alignment fusion splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining fibers provided in this embodiment includes a large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system 210 existing in the prior art, and the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system 210 includes a five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture 211;

[0092] One end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110 is fixedly placed on one side inside the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system 210, and one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 fused with the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110 is clamped and placed on the other side inside the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system 210 by the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture 211;

[0093] The five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture 211 holds the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120 and finely tunes the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120 so as to align the polarization axis with that of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110.

[0094] As Figure 1 shown, different from the prior art, the axis alignment fusion device for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers provided in this embodiment further includes:

[0095] a high-efficiency linearly polarized light injection system 220, an output light collimation and filtering system 230, an optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240, and a data acquisition, processing and display system 250.

[0096] The high-efficiency linearly polarized light injection system 220 is arranged at the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110 connected to the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion system 210. The high-efficiency linearly polarized light injection system 220 includes a high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator 221 and a single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222, where:

[0097] The output end of the high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator 221 is connected to one end of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222, and the other end of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222 is connected to the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110. The high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator 221 is used to generate high-efficiency linearly polarized light, and the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222 is used to conduct the high-efficiency linearly polarized light to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110.

[0098] The output light collimation and filtering system 230 is arranged at the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120 connected to the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion system 210. The output light collimation and filtering system 230 includes a filtering component 231, a collimation component 232 and a diaphragm 233, where:

[0099] The filtering component 231 is arranged at the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120. The filtering component 231 is used to preliminarily remove the cladding light generated during the transmission of the high-efficiency linearly polarized light entering the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120 through the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110.

[0100] The collimation component 232 is arranged behind the filtering component 231. The collimation component 232 is used to collimate the high-efficiency linearly polarized light passing through the filtering component 231 into parallel light.

[0101] The diaphragm 233 is arranged behind the collimation component 232. The diaphragm 233 is used to block the light whose numerical aperture exceeds the core numerical aperture of the diaphragm in the parallel light passing through the collimation component 232, so as to further filter the cladding light generated during the transmission of the high-efficiency linearly polarized light in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110 and the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120.

[0102] The optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240 is arranged behind the output optical collimation and filtering system 230. The optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240 includes an optical power meter 241 and an extinction ratio tester 242, where:

[0103] The optical power meter 241 is arranged behind the aperture 233, and the extinction ratio tester 242 is arranged behind the optical power meter 241. The optical power meter 241 and the extinction ratio tester 242 are used to detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the collimated light passing through the aperture 233 in sequence.

[0104] The data acquisition, processing and display system 250 includes a data acquisition and transmitter 251, a data analysis and processor 252 and a display 253, where:

[0105] The data acquisition and transmitter 251 is interconnected with the optical power meter 241, the extinction ratio tester 242, the data analysis and processor 252 and the display 253. The data acquisition and transmitter 251 acquires the optical power data of the collimated light obtained by the optical power meter 241 and the extinction ratio data of the collimated light obtained by the extinction ratio tester 242 and sends them to the data analysis and processor 252 for analysis, processing and recording to obtain the analysis and processing data. Then, the data acquisition and transmitter 251 displays the analysis and processing data through the display 253, which is used for the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture 211 to adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120.

[0106] In an optional specific implementation process, the filtering component 231 can adopt a liquid filter including a high refractive index glue, and the collimation component 232 can adopt a laser collimator including a collimation lens.

[0107] As an extended technical solution, in this embodiment, an automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture 211 capable of performing automatic adjustment operations through information control can be adopted. At the same time, the data acquisition and transmitter 251 is connected to the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture 211 in terms of information. The data acquisition and transmitter 251 acquires the operation data of the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture 211 and uploads it to the data analysis and processor 252. The data analysis and processor 252 analyzes and processes the obtained operation data, optical power data and extinction ratio data of the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture 211 to form feedback data, which is sent to the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture 211 through the data acquisition and transmitter 252 to adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120 so that it is finally consistent with the polarization axis of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110.

[0108] It can be seen from the above description that:

[0109] An axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization-maintaining fiber provided in this embodiment, based on the existing large core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system, adds an efficient linearly polarized light injection system, an output light collimation and filtering system, an optical power and extinction ratio detection system, and a data acquisition, processing and display system. First, measure the optical power value and extinction ratio value of the passive large core polarization-maintaining fiber to be fused, then measure the optical power value and extinction ratio value after fusing the active large core polarization-maintaining fiber and the passive large core polarization-maintaining fiber. Through the comparative analysis of the two groups of data, continuously adjust the polarization axis of the active large core polarization-maintaining fiber to match the polarization axis of the passive large core polarization-maintaining fiber, and finally achieve the desired result, thus completing the axial alignment fusion splicing of large core polarization-maintaining fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources.

[0110] Embodiment 2

[0111] This embodiment provides a method for axial alignment fusion splicing of large core polarization-maintaining fiber by using the axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization-maintaining fiber provided in the above Embodiment 1.

[0112] The large core polarization-maintaining fibers to be axially aligned and fused in this embodiment are passive large core polarization-maintaining fibers and active large core polarization-maintaining fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources.

[0113] Combined with Figure 1 , and as Figure 2 shown in the schematic block diagram of the process of axial alignment fusion splicing of large core polarization-maintaining fiber by using the axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization-maintaining fiber provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the method for axial alignment fusion splicing of large core polarization-maintaining fiber provided in this embodiment includes:

[0114] S10) The installation and connection steps of the axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization-maintaining fiber, which include:

[0115] S11) Set the efficient linearly polarized light injection system 220 on one side of the large core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing 210 system;

[0116] S12) Set the output light collimation and filtering system 230 and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240 in sequence on the other side of the large core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system 210;

[0117] S13) Complete the information connection between the data acquisition, processing and display system 250 and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240; or

[0118] Complete the information connection between the data acquisition, processing and display system 250 and the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture 211 in the large core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system 210 and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240 respectively;

[0119] S20) The measurement steps of the extinction ratio of the passive large core polarization-maintaining fiber, which include:

[0120] S21) connecting one end of a section of single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222 to one end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110, and at the same time, connecting the other end of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222 to the output end of the high-efficiency linear polarization light generator 221;

[0121] S22) Leading the other end of the passive large core diameter polarization maintaining optical fiber 110 to the light wave input port of the output light collimating and filtering system 230;

[0122] S23) using the high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator 221 to generate high-efficiency linearly polarized light, and sending the high-efficiency linearly polarized light to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110 through the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222 and leading it out from the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110;

[0123] S24) eliminating the cladding light generated when the high-efficiency linear polarized light is transmitted in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110 through the output light collimation and filtering system 230 and converting the high-efficiency linear polarized light into parallel light;

[0124] S25) detecting the optical power and extinction ratio of the parallel light through the optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240, obtaining the optical power value and the extinction ratio value of the passive optical fiber 110, and recording and displaying them through the data acquisition, processing and display system 250;

[0125] S30) A step of aligning the polarization axes of the active large core polarization maintaining optical fiber 120 and the passive large core polarization maintaining optical fiber 110, comprising:

[0126] S31) fixing one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120 by a five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber clamp or an automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber clamp 211;

[0127] S32) fixing the other end of the passive large core polarization maintaining optical fiber 110 and one end of the active large core polarization maintaining optical fiber 120 fixed by a five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber clamp or an automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber clamp 211 in a large core polarization maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system 210, and fusion splicing the passive large core polarization maintaining optical fiber 110 and the active large core polarization maintaining optical fiber 120 by the large core polarization maintaining optical fiber fusion splicing system 210;

[0128] S33) using the high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator 221 to generate high-efficiency linearly polarized light, and sending the high-efficiency linearly polarized light to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 110 and the connected active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120 through the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber 222, and leading the high-efficiency linearly polarized light from the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber 120;

[0129] S34) Eliminate the cladding light generated during the transmission in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110 and the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 from the highly efficient linearly polarized light output from one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 through the output light collimation and filtering system 230, and convert the highly efficient linearly polarized light into parallel light;

[0130] S35) Detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the parallel light through the optical power and extinction ratio detection system 240, obtain the butt fiber optical power value and the butt fiber extinction ratio value, and record and display the butt fiber optical power value and the butt fiber extinction ratio value through the data acquisition, processing and display system 250;

[0131] S36) Analyze and compare the butt fiber optical power value and the butt fiber extinction ratio value with the passive fiber optical power value and the passive fiber extinction ratio value to obtain the adjustment operation feedback data of the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture 211. Then, cut off the fusion joint of the polarization axes of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110, and adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 according to this feedback data through the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture or the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture 211. Then repeat steps S32) to S35) until the best effect is obtained after comparing the butt fiber optical power value and the butt fiber extinction ratio value with the passive fiber optical power value and the passive fiber extinction ratio value;

[0132] S40) The fusion splicing and detection steps of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber, including:

[0133] S41) Complete the axis alignment fusion splicing of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110 through the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system 210;

[0134] S42) Measure the butt fiber optical power value and the butt fiber extinction ratio value after the axis alignment fusion splicing of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110 according to steps S33) to S35), and compare the butt fiber optical power value and the butt fiber extinction ratio value with the passive fiber optical power value and the passive fiber extinction ratio value again:

[0135] If the comparison result meets the expected requirements, the fusion splicing operation of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110 for this time is completed;

[0136] If the comparison result does not meet the expected requirements, repeat steps S32) to S35) again until the comparison result meets the expected requirements, that is, complete the fusion splicing operation of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 120 and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber 110.

[0137] From the above description, it can be seen that: the axis alignment splicing method for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers provided in this embodiment, which has different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources from the axis alignment splicing device for large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers provided in Embodiment 1, is accurate in axis alignment and has strong adaptability. It can adapt to the axis alignment splicing of large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources and achieve good axis alignment effects, obtain better optical power values and extinction ratio values, and ensure the communication quality of the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fibers after splicing.

[0138] In this regard, we can also verify it through the following specific examples.

[0139] In an experiment, we used a PLMA-GDF-20 / 400-M type polarization-maintaining optical fiber produced by Nufern Company with a core diameter of 20μm, a cladding diameter of 395μm, and a panda-type polarization-maintaining structure as the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber, and a polarization-maintaining optical fiber produced by China Electronics Technology Group Corporation with a core diameter of 22μm, a cladding diameter of 400μm, and a quasi-rectangular polarization-maintaining structure as the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber for splicing experiments:

[0140] First, we spliced a high-efficiency linearly polarized light source and a single-clad single-polarization optical fiber with the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber, so that the linearly polarized laser with high polarization characteristics could be injected into the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Finally, the laser extinction ratio measured at the end of the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber was 25dB.

[0141] Subsequently, we used the splicing equipment to align the end faces and axial angles of the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Since the external shapes of the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber are different, in the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber splicing system, the axial angle alignment effect between the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber is not good.

[0142] After that, we turned on the high-efficiency linearly polarized light source, processed the light output from the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber using the output light collimation and filtering system to filter out the light in its cladding, and the remaining light was injected into the optical power and extinction ratio detection system. The data acquisition, processing, and display system collected and analyzed the extinction ratio values and optical power values to form adjustment operation feedback data, and used this adjustment operation feedback data to feedback to the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture in the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber splicing system to finely adjust the axial angle and end face position of the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber. Then, the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive polarization-maintaining optical fiber were spliced, and the optical power and extinction ratio values of the spliced polarization-maintaining optical fiber were detected again. When the optical power and extinction ratio values reached the best state, the final splicing was completed.

[0143] The test of the polarization-maintaining optical fiber after the final splicing showed that: the loss at the splicing point ≤ 0.1dB, and the extinction ratio output from the active polarization-maintaining optical fiber was 24dB.

[0144] Still using the above-mentioned polarization-maintaining fiber of type PLMA-GDF-20 / 400-M as the passive polarization-maintaining fiber and the quasi-rectangular polarization-maintaining fiber made by China Electronics Technology Group Corporation as the active polarization-maintaining fiber, these large-core polarization-maintaining fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources are fused using an existing polarization-maintaining fiber fusion device and according to the existing fusion method, and then tested using the same detection system as above and under the same detection conditions. The obtained extinction ratio is 20 - 22 dB.

[0145] Comparing the above detection results, it can be seen that:

[0146] After the coaxial fusion of two different large-core polarization-maintaining fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources using the coaxial fusion device and fusion method for large-core polarization-maintaining fibers provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the extinction ratio of the obtained large-core polarization-maintaining fiber is far better than that of the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fused using the existing device and method. That is to say, the coaxial fusion device and fusion method for large-core polarization-maintaining fibers provided by the embodiments of the present invention have obvious advantages compared with the prior art.

[0147] In summary, it can be seen that: in the coaxial fusion device and fusion method for large-core polarization-maintaining fibers provided by the embodiments of the present invention, the device design is novel and unique, the fusion method is simple, convenient, effective and reliable. After fusing two different large-core polarization-maintaining fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources, the obtained large-core polarization-maintaining fiber has high optical power and extinction ratio and good communication quality. Therefore, it has great value for popularization and application.

[0148] During the description process of the above specification, the descriptions of terms such as "this embodiment", "embodiments of the present invention", "as shown in...", "further", "further improved technical sub-schemes", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in this embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.

[0149] In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example, and moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined or combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples; in addition, on the premise of no contradiction, those of ordinary skill in the art can combine or combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0150] Finally, it should be noted that:

[0151] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some or all of the technical features, and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. Non-essential improvements, adjustments or replacements made by those skilled in the art according to the content of this specification all fall within the scope claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. An axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization maintaining fibers, which is used for the axial alignment fusion splicing of passive large core polarization maintaining fibers and active large core polarization maintaining fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources, comprising: Large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system, the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system includes a five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture; One end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber is fixedly placed on one side inside the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system, and one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber that is axially spliced with the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber is clamped and placed on the other side inside the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system by the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture; The five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture clamps the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and finely tunes the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber so as to be axially aligned with the polarization axis of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber; It is characterized in that: It further includes an efficient linearly polarized light injection system, an output light collimation and filtering system, an optical power and extinction ratio detection system, and a data acquisition, processing and display system; The efficient linearly polarized light injection system is arranged at the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber connected to the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system. The efficient linearly polarized light injection system includes an efficient linearly polarized light generator and a single-clad single-polarization fiber, where: The output end of the efficient linearly polarized light generator is connected to one end of the single-clad single-polarization fiber, and the other end of the single-clad single-polarization fiber is connected to the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber. The efficient linearly polarized light generator is used to generate efficient linearly polarized light, and the single-clad single-polarization fiber is used to conduct the efficient linearly polarized light to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber; The output light collimation and filtering system is arranged at the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber connected to the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion splicing system. The output light collimation and filtering system includes a filtering component, a collimation component and a diaphragm, where: The filtering component is arranged at the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber. The filtering component is used to initially remove the cladding light generated during the transmission of the efficient linearly polarized light that enters the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber through the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber; The collimation component is arranged after the filtering component. The collimation component is used to collimate the efficient linearly polarized light after passing through the filtering component to make it parallel light; The diaphragm is arranged behind the collimation component. The diaphragm is used to block the light whose numerical aperture exceeds the core numerical aperture of the diaphragm in the parallel light after passing through the collimation component, so as to further filter the cladding light generated during the transmission of the efficient linearly polarized light in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber; The optical power and extinction ratio detection system is arranged after the output light collimation and filtering system. The optical power and extinction ratio detection system includes an optical power meter and an extinction ratio tester, where: The optical power meter is arranged after the diaphragm, and the extinction ratio tester is arranged after the optical power meter. The optical power meter and the extinction ratio tester are used to sequentially detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the parallel light passing through the diaphragm; The data acquisition, processing and display system includes a data acquisition and transmission device, a data analysis and processing device and a display, where: The data acquisition and transmission device is interconnected with the optical power meter, the extinction ratio tester, the data analysis and processing unit, and the display. The data acquisition and transmission device collects the parallel optical power data obtained by the optical power meter and the parallel optical extinction ratio data obtained by the extinction ratio tester, and sends them to the data analysis and processing unit for analysis, processing, and recording to obtain analysis and processing data. Then, the data acquisition and transmission device displays the analysis and processing data through the display, which is used for the five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture to adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

2. The axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization maintaining fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter component is a liquid filter including a high-refractive-index glue, and the collimation component is a laser collimator including a collimation lens.

3. The axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization maintaining fibers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture is an automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture that can perform automatic adjustment operations through information control. The data acquisition and transmission device is also connected to the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture for information communication. The data acquisition and transmission device collects the operation data of the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture and uploads it to the data analysis and processing unit. The data analysis and processing unit analyzes and processes the obtained operation data of the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture, the optical power data, and the extinction ratio data, and forms feedback data, which is sent to the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture through the data acquisition and transmission device to adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber so that it is finally consistent with the polarization axis of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

4. A method for axial alignment fusion splicing of large core polarization maintaining fibers by using the axial alignment fusion splicing device for large core polarization maintaining fibers according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the large core polarization maintaining fibers are passive large core polarization maintaining fibers and active large core polarization maintaining fibers with different external shapes and inconsistent internal stress sources, characterized in that, Including: S10) The installation and connection steps of the axis alignment fusion device for the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber, including: S11) Set the high-efficiency linearly polarized light injection system on one side of the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion system; S12) Set the output light collimation and filtering system and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system in sequence on the other side of the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion system; S13) Complete the information connection between the data acquisition, processing, and display system and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system; or Complete the information connection between the data acquisition, processing, and display system and the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning optical fiber fixture and the optical power and extinction ratio detection system in the large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber fusion system respectively; S20) The measurement steps of the extinction ratio of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber, including: S21) Connect one end of a section of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber to one end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber. At the same time, connect the other end of the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber to the output end of the high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator; S22) Lead the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber to the optical wave input port of the output light collimation and filtering system; S23) Generate high-efficiency linearly polarized light with the high-efficiency linearly polarized light generator, and send the high-efficiency linearly polarized light through the single-clad single-polarization optical fiber to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and make it exit from the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber; S24) Eliminate the cladding light generated when the high-efficiency linearly polarized light is transmitted in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber through the output light collimation and filtering system and turn the high-efficiency linearly polarized light into parallel light; S25) Detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the collimated light through the optical power and extinction ratio detection system, obtain the optical power value of the passive optical fiber and the extinction ratio value of the passive optical fiber, and record and display them through the data acquisition, processing and display system; S30) The alignment step of the polarization axes of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber includes: S31) Fix one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber through the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture or the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture; S32) Fix the other end of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and one end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fixed by the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture or the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture in the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion system, and fuse the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber through the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion system; S33) Generate highly efficient linearly polarized light with the highly efficient linearly polarized light generator, and send the highly efficient linearly polarized light to the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the connected active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber through the single-clad single-polarization fiber and let it exit from the other end of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber; S34) Eliminate the cladding light generated during the transmission of the highly efficient linearly polarized light in the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber through the output optical collimation and filtering system and turn the highly efficient linearly polarized light into collimated light; S35) Detect the optical power and extinction ratio of the collimated light through the optical power and extinction ratio detection system, obtain the optical power value of the butt-jointed optical fiber and the extinction ratio value of the butt-jointed optical fiber, and record and display the optical power value of the butt-jointed optical fiber and the extinction ratio value of the butt-jointed optical fiber through the data acquisition, processing and display system; Analyze and compare the optical power value of the butt-jointed optical fiber and the extinction ratio value of the butt-jointed optical fiber with the optical power value of the passive optical fiber and the extinction ratio value of the passive optical fiber to obtain the adjustment operation feedback data of the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture, then cut off the fusion point of the polarization axes of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber, and adjust the polarization axis of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber according to this feedback data through the five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture or the automatic five-dimensional fine-tuning fiber fixture, and then repeat steps S32) to S35) until the best effect is obtained after comparing the optical power value of the butt-jointed optical fiber and the extinction ratio value of the butt-jointed optical fiber with the optical power value of the passive optical fiber and the extinction ratio value of the passive optical fiber; S40) The fusion and detection steps of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber include: S41) Complete the axis-aligned fusion of the active large-core polarization-maintaining fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining fiber through the large-core polarization-maintaining fiber fusion system; S42) Measure the optical power value and extinction ratio of the butt joint optical fiber after the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber are axially spliced according to steps S33) to S35), and compare the optical power value and extinction ratio of the butt joint optical fiber with the optical power value and extinction ratio of the passive optical fiber again: If the comparison result meets the expected requirements, the splicing operation of the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber is completed; If the comparison result does not meet the expected requirements, repeat steps S32) to S35) again until the comparison result meets the expected requirements, and complete the splicing operation of the active large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber and the passive large-core polarization-maintaining optical fiber.

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