A combined anvil device for forging

Abstract

A combined anvil device for forging comprises a body provided with a through slot having a U-shaped longitudinal cross-section. A mosaic block is embedded in the through slot. A compensating block is fixedly attached to the top of the body, outside the mosaic block. The outer wall of the compensating block is flush with the side walls of the body, and the top surface of the mosaic block is flush with the top surface of the compensating block. A cavity of the size and shape required for bar forging is defined at the top of the mosaic block. This invention structurally adjusts the existing monolithic anvil to form a combined structure. This structural change improves the yield rate of anvil production, reduces the possibility of waste, and reduces metal material consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forging dies, and in particular relates to a combined anvil device for forging. Background Art

[0002] Tools and dies are the general term for the parts that come into direct contact with the material during the forging and deformation process, controlling its shape and specifications. The V-shaped anvil is one of the most frequently used tools and dies in bar forging. Typically, the V-shaped anvil used in a forging press is a one-piece structure. During operation, under the pressure of the forging press, the upper anvil moves downward to squeeze the workpiece on the V-shaped anvil, causing it to plastically deform under high temperature to achieve the desired shape or size. The workpiece is clamped by the jaws of the manipulator, which rotates while holding the material. The manipulator body advances, continuously feeding the material into the V-shaped anvil cavity, thus forging a round bar of the corresponding size. Using different V-shaped anvils, bars of varying sizes can be produced, enabling serialized bar production. Due to repeated friction and compression between the anvil's working area and the hot workpiece, the anvil wears and deforms, causing the cavity to sink. This means the distance between the bottom of the V-groove and the anvil's upper surface increases, making it impossible to produce bar stock to the original specifications of the anvil. Furthermore, this deformation and sinking of the V-groove can cause material to get stuck on either side of the groove, rendering it unusable. This necessitates repair to maintain the original cavity dimensions. There are two main repair methods: 1. Lowering the upper surface of the anvil: This method lowers the cavity's deformation depth from the anvil's upper surface by the anvil's height, thereby reconstructing the original working cavity. After this repair, the cavity is heat treated. After repeated repairs, the overall height of the anvil decreases until it becomes scrapped. 2. Filling: This method removes fatigue and wear layers from the anvil's V-shaped area, welds it with appropriate welding rods, and then reconstructs the original cavity dimensions. After this repair, the cavity is heat treated to maintain the original height of the anvil. Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages. While the anvil height reduction method is relatively durable, it continuously consumes the anvil's height until it becomes scrapped. Historical repair data shows that new anvils are scrapped after only two years of use due to repeated repairs, when the anvil height and working part thickness no longer meet the required requirements. This wastes a significant amount of metal, especially for large anvils that consume a large amount of metal. While the filling method does not consume the anvil's own material, the anvils repaired using this method are not durable due to factors such as the welding process and materials used. This durability is significantly different from that of the same anvil repaired using the anvil height reduction method. Given the shortcomings of these two methods, a V-shaped anvil that is both durable and consumes less material is needed. A new modular V-shaped anvil was designed and manufactured. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined anvil device for forging, which can reduce the consumption of materials to the greatest extent and solve the problem of poor durability of the materials.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

[0005] A combined anvil device for forging includes a body provided with a through slot, the longitudinal section of the through slot being U-shaped, an inlay block inlaid in the through slot, the outer dimensions of the inlay block matching the dimensions of the through slot; a cavity of the size and shape required for bar forging is provided at the top of the inlay block.

[0006] A combined anvil device for forging includes a body provided with a through slot, the longitudinal section of the through slot being U-shaped, an inlay block being inlaid in the through slot, a compensation block being fixedly connected to the top of the body and the outside of the inlay block, the outer wall of the compensation block being flush with the side wall of the body, and the top surface of the inlay block being flush with the top surface of the compensation block; a cavity of the size and shape required for bar forging is provided at the top of the inlay block.

[0007] Furthermore, rectangular key slots of the same width are provided at corresponding positions on the through-slot wall of the main body, the compensation block and the inlay block, for connecting and positioning the compensation block and the inlay block with the main body respectively by keys.

[0008] Furthermore, round-head flat key slots are provided at corresponding positions on the top surface of the main body and the lower end surface of the compensation block, which are also connected and positioned by keys; at the same time, cylindrical pin holes are provided at corresponding positions on the compensation block and the main body, which are connected by cylindrical pins.

[0009] Furthermore, a push-out threaded hole is provided on the compensation block for loosening the compensation block with a bolt when the compensation block is removed from the body.

[0010] Furthermore, four prying openings are provided on the bottom end surface of the compensation block. After the compensation block is loosened by pushing it upward with bolts, it can be pried up with a crowbar to improve the disassembly efficiency.

[0011] Furthermore, a pad is provided below the inlay block and between the inlay block and the body.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0013] 1. The present invention adjusts the structure of the existing integral anvil to form a modular structure. Due to the change in structure, the yield of anvil production is improved, the possibility of waste generation is reduced, and the consumption of metal materials is reduced.

[0014] The modular design allows for the production of only a small number of anvil bodies on site. Since the inlays are more than half lighter than a monolithic anvil, the metal used to make one monolithic anvil can be used to make two inlays with the same cavity, leaving some material left over. This means that by allowing a single body to be repeatedly equipped with multiple inlays, a significant amount of metal material can be saved. Given the same total product volume, the modular anvil consumes only one-third the metal of the monolithic anvil. In other words, if the two anvil types consume the same weight of metal, the modular anvil can produce approximately three times as much product as the monolithic anvil, resulting in significant economic benefits.

[0015] 2. Reduced maintenance. Deformation is the same for both integral and modular anvils. To maintain the original cavity structure and dimensions, the upper surface of the anvil must be lowered. Each repair requires planing and milling the entire anvil to the required height, which is labor-intensive and relatively expensive. When planing and milling inlaid blocks, the lowering height is exactly the same as for integral anvils, but the area requiring repair is only one-third of that of integral anvils. This reduces metal loss, maintenance time, and costs, while also increasing anvil utilization.

[0016] 3. The anvil needs to be heat treated after each repair. As mentioned above, the heat treatment of the integral anvil requires the heat treatment of the entire anvil, while the combined anvil only needs to heat treat the inlay. The heat treatment process is exactly the same. The weight of the aforementioned integral anvil is about three times that of the inlay. Due to the weight, the heat treatment cost of the integral anvil is much higher than that of the inlay, and the energy waste is also very large.

[0017] 4. The anvil may be damaged suddenly during use due to operation or other factors. If the integral anvil is damaged, the entire anvil will be scrapped. The modular structure design can ensure that the main body is not damaged. In this way, only the mosaic block needs to be replaced, so the loss is much smaller.

[0018] In addition, other aspects such as transportation costs, loading and unloading fees, and power consumption when installing mosaic blocks will also be greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view and a top view of the combined anvil of the body and the inlay block;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view and a top view of the combined anvil of the main body, the compensation block and the inlay block;

[0021] Figure 3 It is the front view and top view of the anvil in the combination of the main body, compensation block, inlay block and backing plate;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the anvil in the combination of the main body, compensation block, inlay block and backing plate;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a mosaic stereogram;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a stereogram of the body;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a stereogram of the compensation block;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the pad;

[0027] In the figure, 1. Inlay block, 2. Main body, 3. Rectangular key, 4. Cylindrical pin hole, 5. Compensation block, 6. Ejector threaded hole, 7. Backing plate, 8. Cavity, 9. Rectangular keyway, 10. Keyway of round head flat key, 11. Pry opening. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1 Mosaic block and body

[0030] like Figure 1 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 As shown, a combined anvil device for forging includes a main body 2 provided with a through slot, the longitudinal section of the through slot is U-shaped, an inlay block 1 is embedded in the through slot, and the outer dimensions of the inlay block 1 match the dimensions of the through slot; a cavity 8 of the size and shape required for bar forging is opened at the top of the inlay block 1.

[0031] This type of anvil consists of only the main body and the mosaic block, and the positioning key between the two. This type of anvil can be used in two situations: (1) After the mosaic block is used and the mosaic block cavity is deformed, the height of the mosaic block needs to be lowered to maintain the original cavity size. At this time, if the lowered height is consistent with the height of the compensation block, the compensation block can be removed; (2) When the height of the newly made (after repair) mosaic block is consistent with the depth of the main body groove.

[0032] This structure is not commonly used in order to improve the efficiency of mold assembly and disassembly and reduce metal consumption. In terms of disassembly, because the compensation block and the main body are connected and positioned with keys and pins, deformation is inevitable during long-term use. In addition, the mold needs to be preheated before use. Long-term preheating may also cause deformation of the keys and pins, which makes disassembly difficult, reduces the efficiency of mold use, and may also reduce productivity in disguise. In terms of reducing metal consumption, first of all, according to the design calculation, it can be obtained that the two mosaic blocks with a design height difference of 100mm (this value is only for example) are assuming that the mosaic block with a larger height is called type A, and the mosaic block with a height difference of 100mm from type A is called type B. Since the thickness of the stress-bearing part of the cavity becomes thinner to a certain size after use, the mosaic block cannot be used anymore due to strength problems and is scrapped. In this way, the height of mosaic block A is 100mm higher than that of B, because their scrap thickness is the same. After our design calculation, if we make 2 mosaic blocks A and 3 mosaic blocks B, the total service life of the two will be the same and the forging throughput will be the same. However, the scrap volume of the latter is 1 more than that of the former when scrapped. This is for mosaic blocks of the same specification. Since there are more specifications of production bars, more specifications and types of mosaic blocks are required, and the final scrap volume is very large. If type B is used, more scrapped mosaic blocks will be generated. If type A mosaic blocks are used, compensation blocks will need to be added according to the on-site conditions (the old anvils on site will be modified and utilized).

[0033] Example 2: mosaic block + compensation block + body

[0034] like Figure 2 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 、 Figure 6 、 Figure 7 As shown, a combined anvil device for forging includes a main body 2 provided with a through slot, wherein the longitudinal section of the through slot is U-shaped, a mosaic block 1 is embedded in the through slot, and a compensation block 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the main body 2 and the outside of the mosaic block 1, wherein the outer wall of the compensation block is flush with the side wall of the main body, and the top surface of the mosaic block 1 is flush with the top surface of the compensation block; a cavity 8 of the size and shape required for bar forging is provided at the top of the mosaic block 1. The purpose of adding the compensation block is to make the mosaic block as high as possible while keeping the height of the main body unchanged, so as to achieve the purpose of multiple repairs (each repair will lower the height of the mosaic block, so if it is made relatively low, it may be scrapped after only a few repairs). Another purpose of adding the compensation block is to reduce the weight and usage of the anvil body, which is especially beneficial for reducing material consumption when manufacturing large anvils, because the compensation block can be obtained from previously used waste anvils, which can achieve the purpose of repairing old and reusing waste.

[0035] Rectangular key grooves 9 of the same width are provided at corresponding positions on the through-slot wall of the body 2, the compensation block 5 and the inlay block 1, for connecting and positioning the compensation block and the inlay block with the body respectively by keys.

[0036] Round head flat key slots 10 are provided at corresponding positions on the top surface of the main body 2 and the lower end surface of the compensation block 5, which are also connected and positioned by keys; at the same time, cylindrical pin holes 4 are provided at corresponding positions on the compensation block 5 and the main body 2, which are connected by cylindrical pins.

[0037] The compensation block 5 is provided with a threaded hole 6 for loosening the compensation block with bolts when it is removed from the body. Four prying openings 11 are provided on the bottom end surface of the compensation block 5. After the compensation block is loosened by bolts, it can be pried up with a crowbar to improve the removal efficiency.

[0038] This type of device consists of a compensation block, a main body, a newly made inlaid block, and a positioning key between them. During the design process, the height of the inlaid block is designed to be the sum of the depth of the main body groove and the height of the compensation block. This ensures that after the inlaid block is installed on the main body, its upper surface and the upper surface of the compensation block are on the same plane, ensuring the safety of the anvil and eliminating the trouble of production personnel in calculating the zero displacement of the forging press. A pin hole and a keyway are set on the compensation block. A cylindrical pin and key are used to connect and position the main body. The pin and the hole are a moderate interference fit to prevent loosening due to vibration during forging. The main function of the key is to position and prevent the compensation block from being misplaced due to forging operation errors, thereby causing damage to the inlaid block. In order to facilitate disassembly, a threaded hole is set on the compensation block. During disassembly, the compensation block is pushed up with a bolt. After it is loosened, a crowbar is used to pry the compensation block from the prying opening of the compensation block. This saves time and effort while not damaging the compensation block and the anvil body.

[0039] Example 3: mosaic block + compensation block + body + backing plate

[0040] like Figures 3 to 8 As shown, a combined anvil device for forging includes a main body 2 provided with a through slot, the longitudinal section of the through slot is U-shaped, a mosaic block 1 is embedded in the through slot, and a compensation block 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the main body 2 and the outside of the mosaic block 1, the outer wall of the compensation block is flush with the side wall of the main body, and the top surface of the mosaic block 1 is flush with the top surface of the compensation block; a cavity 8 of the size and shape required for bar forging is opened at the top of the mosaic block 1.

[0041] A backing plate 7 is provided below the mosaic block 1, between the main body 2. When the mosaic block is lowered to maintain the original cavity dimensions, the upper surface of the mosaic block and the compensating block mounted on the anvil's upper surface may not be on the same level due to maintenance. Replacing the compensating block can ensure that both are on the same level, but this requires a larger number of compensating blocks, and installation and removal of the compensating block are more time-consuming and labor-intensive than the easier installation and removal of the backing plate. Therefore, the backing plate is provided to eliminate the difference in plane between the two. This allows the mosaic block to be repeatedly repaired and reused until the thickness of its cavity no longer meets the required requirements and is scrapped.

[0042] Rectangular keyways 9 of uniform width are provided on the through-slot wall of the body 2, the compensation block 5, the inlay block 1 and the backing plate 7, respectively, for connecting and positioning the compensation block and the inlay block to the body respectively by keys.

[0043] Keyways 10 with rounded flat keys are located at corresponding positions on the top surface of the main body 2 and the bottom surface of the compensation block 5, also employing key connections and positioning. Cylindrical pin holes 4 are also located at corresponding positions on the compensation block 5 and the main body 2, connecting them via cylindrical pins. Threaded ejector holes 6 are provided on the compensation block 5 for loosening the block with bolts when removing it from the main body. Four prying openings 11 are located on the bottom surface of the compensation block 5. Once the block has been loosened by bolts, it can be pried up with a crowbar for efficient removal.

[0044] The structure of the main body + compensation block + mosaic block + pad is that after a period of use, the cavity of the mosaic block is squeezed, deformed, and worn, resulting in an increase in depth. The cavity is no longer smooth and can no longer meet the forging requirements of the original specification bar. This requires the mosaic block cavity to be repaired to its original shape and size. The repair method is to remove the mosaic block from the groove of the main body and remove the corresponding height from the top. The size of the removed height must be able to ensure that the mosaic block can be repaired from the top to the bottom to the size and shape of the original cavity. In this way, the shape of the cavity can be repaired according to the original size, and the other parts remain unchanged. After the cavity is repaired, it is heat treated.

[0045] This repair method reduces the height of the mosaic. To ensure that the upper plane of the mosaic and the upper plane of the compensation block are aligned, a spacer is added between the mosaic and the main body. The height of the added spacer should match the height of the mosaic removed during repair. This ensures that the upper planes of the mosaic and the compensation block are aligned. The spacer has keyways on both sides of its width, and its keyway width matches the keyway widths of the mosaic, the main body, and the compensation block. This allows the spacer and mosaic to be positioned simultaneously using a key, preventing the spacer from shifting and damaging the mosaic. Because the mosaic is designed with a specific height, the same mosaic can be repaired and reused multiple times, with a spacer added after each repair. The height of the added spacer should match the height of the mosaic lowered during the repair. This allows the mosaic to be repaired repeatedly, adding a spacer each time until the mosaic cavity no longer meets the requirements and is scrapped. Because the production of inlays for the same cavity size is nearly constant, the height reduction required for each inlay repair is nearly constant, and thus the height of the additional backing plate is also nearly constant (as determined by historical anvil repair data). This eliminates the need to manufacture a variety of backing plates for modular anvils with the same cavity size. This reduces design time and effort, and lowers manufacturing costs. The repair method for inlays is identical to that for monolithic anvils, the only difference being the weight removed. Monolithic anvils have a larger area (longer length), the same width, and the same height removed, so the weight removed is greater. This represents a significant advantage of modular anvils. With years of historical repair data for monolithic anvils, we can directly mass-produce the corresponding backing plates for the corresponding inlays as spares. Since the backing plates do not contact the forging, there is no friction and virtually no wear, allowing for long-term reuse. When replacing a discarded inlay with a new one, all the previously added backing plates are removed and stored until the new inlay is repaired.

[0046] The height of a new mosaic is the sum of the depth of the main body groove and the height of the compensation block. After a period of use, the mosaic needs to be repaired after deformation, wear and tear. After repair, a pad needs to be added to keep the upper surface of the mosaic and the upper surface of the compensation block in the same plane. At this time, the anvil becomes Figure 3 When the mosaic block has been repaired many times and pads have been added between the mosaic block and the body for repeated use, it no longer meets the use requirements and needs to be scrapped and remade. The new mosaic block of the same specification is exactly the same size as the original mosaic block. In this case, all the added pads need to be removed and the new mosaic block installed. In this way, the anvil returns to the initial state without pads. Figure 1 or Figure 2 As shown, of course Figure 1The structure is not commonly used. After a period of use, it needs to be repaired, and after the repair, a pad needs to be added. At this time, the anvil structure becomes Figure 3 The structure shown in this way repeats itself over and over again.

[0047] This can save metal consumption to a great extent, mainly in three aspects:

[0048] (1) The manufacturing of anvils greatly reduces the amount of metal used, and the weight of the inlay is only 2 / 5 of the original integral anvil (only the inlay is made, and the backing plate of the same specification can be made once and used for a long time, and under normal circumstances can even be used permanently);

[0049] (2) Reduced metal consumption during maintenance (only the inlay is repaired);

[0050] (3) The amount of scrap metal generated when the mosaic is scrapped is much less than that when the original integral anvil is scrapped, which is about 1 / 4 of the original amount (only the mosaic is scrapped).

Claims

1. A combined anvil device for forging, characterized in that: The invention comprises a body (2) provided with a through slot, wherein the longitudinal section of the through slot is U-shaped, a mosaic block (1) is embedded in the through slot, a compensation block (5) is fixedly connected to the top of the body (2) and the outside of the mosaic block (1), the outer wall of the compensation block (5) is flush with the side wall of the body (2), and the top surface of the mosaic block (1) is flush with the top surface of the compensation block (5); a cavity (8) of the size and shape required for bar forging is provided at the top of the mosaic block (1); Rectangular keyways (9) of uniform width are provided at corresponding positions on the through-slot wall of the body (2), the compensation block (5), and the inlay block (1), respectively, for connecting and positioning the compensation block (5) and the body (2) with the inlay block (1) using keys. Round head flat key slots (10) are respectively provided at corresponding positions on the top end surface of the main body (2) and the lower end surface of the compensation block (5), and are also connected and positioned by keys; at the same time, cylindrical pin holes (4) are provided at corresponding positions on the compensation block (5) and the main body (2), and are connected by cylindrical pins.

2. The forging combined anvil device according to claim 1, wherein: A push-out threaded hole (6) is provided on the compensation block (5) for loosening the compensation block (5) with a bolt when the compensation block (5) is removed from the body (2).

3. The forging combined anvil device according to claim 1, wherein: Four prying openings (11) are provided on the bottom end surface of the compensation block (5). After the compensation block (5) is loosened by pushing it upward with bolts, it can be pried up with a pry bar to improve disassembly efficiency.

4. The forging combined anvil device according to claim 1, wherein: A backing plate (7) is provided below the mosaic block (1) and between the body (2).

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