Multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with improved structure applied to garden machinery

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure for garden machinery, which includes a power input end, a first power output end, and a second power output end; wherein the first power output end is connected to a traveling mechanism through a traveling transmission mechanism; the second power output end is connected to a working module through a quick-release power output part; a multi-forward and multi-reverse gear adjustment structure is arranged between the power input end and the first power output end; power connection or disconnection is achieved through a power on-off control mechanism on the second power output end; this application has a wide applicability, can select and install a normally open or normally closed clutch according to customer requirements, sets a multi-forward and multi-reverse gear adjustment structure, realizes a speed adjustment range of at least four forward and reverse gears, thereby increasing the speed adjustable range of the gearbox and making it applicable to different front-mounted working units; this gearbox also has a dual-output tire shaft and is equipped with a differential to adapt to various road conditions and facilitate steering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of gearboxes, and particularly refers to a gearbox with an improved structure and multiple forward and reverse gears applied to garden machinery. Background Art

[0002] For current gearboxes, most of them have three forward and three reverse speed change gears. For example, in Chinese Utility Model Patent No. 201621194911.3, titled: Fully Hydraulic Controlled Multi-Gear Engineering Machinery Gearbox; a gearbox with three forward and three reverse gears is proposed. Its internal structure is complex. Specifically: the transmission mechanism includes a forward gear clutch shaft (4), a reverse gear clutch shaft (7), an intermediate clutch shaft (10), a forward gear pan-gear (5), a reverse gear pan-gear (8), a first gear pan-gear (14), a second gear pan-gear (17), a third gear pan-gear (18), and a transmission gear (16); the input gear (1) is simultaneously meshed with the forward gear pan-gear (5) and the reverse gear pan-gear (8); a forward gear clutch (3) and a first gear clutch (13) are installed on the forward gear clutch shaft (4), and the forward gear clutch (3) and the first gear clutch (13) are respectively two working chambers of the same clutch gear ring; a reverse gear clutch (6) and a second gear clutch (15) are installed on the reverse gear clutch shaft (7), and the reverse gear clutch (6) and the second gear clutch (15) are respectively two working chambers of the same clutch gear ring; the reverse gear clutch (6) is meshed with the forward gear clutch (3);

[0003] And Chinese Utility Model Patent No. 201721035916.2, titled: A Loader Gearbox with a Rational Gear Configuration. It has a forward gear clutch shaft (10), a reverse gear clutch shaft (11), a third gear clutch shaft (12), an output shaft (13), a driving gear (1), installed in the transmission housing. A forward gear (2), a first gear (4), a forward gear clutch (14), and a first gear clutch (15) integrated therewith are assembled on the forward gear clutch shaft. A forward gear and a first gear clutch housing gear (19) are provided on the forward gear clutch and the first gear clutch; a reverse gear (3), a second gear (5), a reverse gear clutch (16), and a second gear clutch (17) integrated therewith are assembled on the reverse gear clutch shaft. A reverse gear and a second gear clutch housing gear (20) are provided on the reverse gear clutch and the second gear clutch; an idler gear (6), a third gear clutch (18) are assembled on the third gear clutch shaft. A third gear clutch housing gear (21) is provided on the third gear clutch; an output shaft low-speed gear (7) is assembled on the output shaft (13); it is characterized in that a high-speed gear (9) is assembled on the third gear clutch shaft and meshed with an output shaft high-speed gear (8) assembled on the output shaft;

[0004] Secondly, the existing gearboxes have the following defects: they cannot be applied to engines with multiple horsepower, the applicability of the clutch is poor, and usually only one type of clutch can be used; there are few walking gears and the speed adjustment range is limited; the use of a turbine worm mechanism requires high precision to prevent jamming; the structure is too complex. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure for garden machinery, which has multiple gears and integrates multiple functions, solving the defects existing in the above-mentioned background technology in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0007] A multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure for garden machinery includes a power input end, a power input source is connected to the power input end, and a clutch is arranged between the power input source and the power input end; it also includes a first power output end and a second power output end;

[0008] Wherein the first power output end is connected to a traveling mechanism through a traveling transmission mechanism; the second power output end is connected to a working module through a quick-release power output part;

[0009] At least four sets of speed change units are arranged between the power input end and the first power output end to form at least four different speed gears, realizing speed change during power output from the power input end to the first power output end; and it can be freely switched between at least four of the speed gears; a reversing unit is arranged between the power input end and the first power output end to realize the direction conversion of the first power output end during power output;

[0010] Power connection or disconnection is realized on the second power output end through a power on-off control mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, it includes a power input shaft and a power output shaft; bearings are installed at the front and middle of the power input shaft, the head bearing is installed on the gearbox end cover, and the middle bearing is fixed at the center of the gearbox body. An intermediate bearing installation part is formed at the center of the gearbox body. Bearings are also installed at the head and tail of the power output shaft. The head bearing is fixed on the gearbox end cover, and the tail bearing is fixed on the gearbox body;

[0012] At least the four sets of speed change units include several first speed change gear sets arranged on the power input shaft, and the first speed change gear sets are displaced relative to the power input shaft; correspondingly, a second speed change gear set is arranged on the power output shaft; the second speed change gear set is rotatably connected to the power output shaft, and by adjusting the meshing of the corresponding gears of the several first speed change gear sets and the second speed change gear set, at least four sets of the speed change units are formed;

[0013] It further includes a main gear freely rotatably connected to the power output shaft, and the main gear meshes with the power input shaft;

[0014] It further includes a forward and reverse clutch gear, which is freely rotatably connected to the power output shaft and can rotate synchronously with the second speed gear set. The forward and reverse clutch gear can axially move away from the main gear to disengage from it, or move closer to mesh with the main gear.

[0015] Preferably, a first spline shaft connection section is provided on the second speed gear set, and the forward and reverse clutch gear is connected to the first spline shaft connection section.

[0016] The second speed gear set is a five-row tooth structure;

[0017] Preferably, the first speed gear set includes a first gear freely rotatably connected to the power input shaft, and a gear position adjusting member slidably connected to the power input shaft. A second gear, a third gear, and a fourth gear are provided on the gear position adjusting member. The second gear, the third gear, and the fourth gear are connected to a first control assembly, and the first control assembly controls the sliding of the second gear, the third gear, and the fourth gear on the power input shaft; the gear position adjusting member is disengaged / engaged with the first gear to disconnect / drive the first gear to rotate; the second speed gear set includes an integrally formed driven first gear, driven second gear, driven third gear, and driven fourth gear. By adjusting the meshing of the first gear with the driven first gear, the second gear with the driven second gear, the third gear with the driven third gear, and the fourth gear with the driven fourth gear, four different speed gears are formed.

[0018] Preferably, a second spline shaft connection section is provided on the power input shaft, and the gear position adjusting member is connected to the second spline shaft connection section.

[0019] Preferably, the reversing unit includes a cross-over gear, which meshes with the power input shaft. The forward and reverse clutch gear can axially move away from the cross-over gear to disengage from it, or move closer to mesh with the cross-over gear.

[0020] Preferably, the first power output end includes a first bevel gear rotating synchronously with the second speed gear set. The first bevel gear is freely rotatably connected to the power output shaft. The traveling transmission mechanism includes a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is connected to the input shaft of the traveling gearbox. The output shaft of the traveling gearbox is connected to the traveling wheels, and a differential is provided in the traveling gearbox.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes a transition pinion gear connected to the power input shaft. The transition pinion gear meshes with a first bevel gear through a transition gear. The transition gear and the first bevel gear are connected as an integral part. The integral part is connected to the gearbox housing through a bearing. The connection section between the transition pinion gear and the second spline shaft is integrally formed into a coaxial body, and the coaxial body is sleeved on the power input shaft. The coaxial body is connected to the gearbox housing through at least one bearing.

[0022] Preferably, the second power output end includes an output clutch gear. The output clutch gear is slidably connected to the power output shaft. The output clutch gear can approach and mesh with the main gear, or move away from the main gear to be separated from the main gear. The working module is connected to the power output shaft and is located outside the output clutch gear.

[0023] Preferably, the clutch is a normally open clutch or a normally closed clutch.

[0024] Specifically, it is applicable to clutches with various horsepower ratings, and a normally open or normally closed clutch can also be installed according to customer requirements.

[0025] Specifically: An aluminum alloy connection disk is installed at one end of the gearbox. There are multiple groups of mounting holes on the connection disk, which are suitable for engines with various horsepower ratings. A clutch is installed between the engine and the power input shaft. The clutch housing is fixed to the connection disk through a bearing, and the center is connected to the main shaft of the engine. The clutch core is fixed on the power input shaft, and the clutch fork is fixed on the clutch lever. The clutch lever passes through the gearbox housing.

[0026] Among them, a steel sleeve is installed between the clutch lever and the gearbox housing, and an O-ring seal is installed on the clutch lever.

[0027] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0028] The present invention relates to a multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery. The structure of this application is simple and has a wide applicability. It can install both a normally open clutch and a normally closed clutch. At least four speed change units are provided between the power input end and the power output end to form at least four different speed gears, realizing a speed adjustment range of at least four forward and reverse gears, thereby increasing the speed adjustable range of the gearbox and making it applicable to different front-mounted working units. The walking output shaft is one wheel and one shaft, with double drive, and a differential is installed on the shaft to adapt to various road conditions and facilitate steering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Schematic internal structure diagram of a multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is Figure 1 Partial structure schematic diagram of the first power output end of. Specific embodiments

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] As Figures 1-3 shown, a multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery, where the garden machinery includes a snow sweeper head, a snow thrower head, a snow pusher, a lawn mower, a weeding head, a micro-tiller head, an ice breaker, etc.;

[0036] A multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery includes a power input end, a power input source is connected to the power input end, and a clutch 1 is provided between the power input source and the power input end; it also includes a first power output end and a second power output end;

[0037] Among them, the first power output end is connected to the traveling mechanism through a traveling transmission mechanism; the second power output end is connected to the working module through a quick-release power output part;

[0038] At least four speed change units are provided between the power input end and the first power output end to form at least four different speed gears, realizing speed change during power output from the power input end to the first power output end; and it can be freely switched between at least four of the speed gears; a reversing unit is provided between the power input end and the first power output end to realize the direction conversion of the first power output end during power output.

[0039] Power connection or disconnection is realized on the second power output end through a power closing and separating control mechanism.

[0040] This embodiment specifically includes a power input shaft 2 and a power output shaft 3; bearings are installed at the front and middle of the power input shaft. The first head bearing 4 is installed on the gearbox end cover, and the first middle bearing 5 is fixed at the center of the gearbox body. An intermediate bearing installation part 6 is formed at the center of the gearbox body. Bearings are also installed at the head and tail of the power output shaft. The second head bearing 7 is fixed on the gearbox end cover, and the second tail bearing 8 is fixed on the gearbox body.

[0041] At least the four speed change units include a number of first speed change gear sets arranged on the power input shaft, and the first speed change gear sets are displaced relative to the power input shaft; correspondingly, a second speed change gear set is arranged on the power output shaft; the second speed change gear set is rotatably connected to the power output shaft, and by adjusting the meshing of the corresponding gears of the number of first speed change gear sets and the second speed change gear set, at least four of the speed change units are formed.

[0042] It also includes a main gear 9 rotatably connected to the power output shaft. A tooth ring is provided at the end of the power input shaft, and the main gear 9 meshes with the power input shaft 2.

[0043] It also includes a forward and reverse clutch gear 10. The forward and reverse clutch gear is rotatably connected to the power output shaft and can rotate synchronously with the second speed change gear set. The forward and reverse clutch gear can axially move away from the main gear to separate from the main gear, or move closer to mesh with the main gear.

[0044] A first spline shaft connection section 11 is provided on the second speed change gear set, and the forward and reverse clutch gear is connected to the first spline shaft connection section. The second speed change gear set is a five-row tooth structure; that is, 5 gears arranged on the same axis.

[0045] The first speed change gear set includes a first - gear gear 12 that is rotatably connected to the power input shaft, and a gear - position adjusting member that is slidably connected to the power input shaft. The gear - position adjusting member is provided with a second - gear gear 13, a third - gear gear 14, and a fourth - gear gear 15. The second - gear gear, the third - gear gear, and the fourth - gear gear are connected to a first control assembly 16. The first control assembly controls the sliding of the second - gear gear, the third - gear gear, and the fourth - gear gear on the power input shaft; the gear - position adjusting member is disengaged / engaged with the first - gear gear to disconnect / drive the first - gear gear to rotate; the second speed change gear set includes an integrally formed driven first - gear gear 17, a driven second - gear gear 18, a driven third - gear gear 19, and a driven fourth - gear gear 20. By adjusting the meshing of the first - gear gear with the driven first - gear gear, the second - gear gear with the driven second - gear gear, the third - gear gear with the driven third - gear gear, and the fourth - gear gear with the driven fourth - gear gear, four different speed gears are formed.

[0046] A second spline - shaft connection section 21 is provided on the power input shaft, and the gear - position adjusting member is connected to the second spline - shaft connection section.

[0047] The reversing unit includes a cross - over gear 22 that meshes with the power input shaft. The forward - reverse clutch gear can axially move away from the cross - over gear to disengage from it, or move closer to mesh with the cross - over gear.

[0048] The first power output end includes a first bevel gear 23 that rotates synchronously with the second speed change gear set. The first bevel gear is rotatably connected to the power output shaft. The traveling transmission mechanism includes a second bevel gear 24. The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is connected to the input shaft of a traveling gearbox 25. The output shaft of the traveling gearbox is connected to a traveling wheel, and a differential is provided inside the traveling gearbox.

[0049] It further includes an intermediate pinion 26 connected to the power input shaft. The intermediate pinion meshes with the first bevel gear through an intermediate gear 27. The intermediate gear and the first bevel gear are connected as an integral part; the integral part is connected to the gearbox housing through a bearing; the intermediate pinion and the second spline - shaft connection section are integrally formed into a co - axial body, and the co - axial body is sleeved on the power input shaft. The co - axial body is connected to the gearbox housing through at least one bearing.

[0050] The second power output end includes an output clutch gear that is slidably connected to the power output shaft. The output clutch gear can move closer to and mesh with the main gear, or move away from the main gear to disengage from it. The working module is connected to the power output shaft and is located outside the output clutch gear. A third spline - shaft 28 is provided on the power output shaft, and the output clutch gear is connected to the third spline - shaft.

[0051] The output clutch gear has a U-shaped groove, in which a shift block is installed. The shift block is connected to the third control component. The third control component includes a shift fork arm, which is installed on a forward and backward shift fork bracket. The forward and backward shift fork bracket is fixed on the gear box body. Power output and separation can be achieved by shifting the forward and backward shift fork bracket.

[0052] In order to ensure clear gear control during operation, a through hole is provided at the spline of the power output shaft, a spring and a steel ball are installed in the through hole, and a card slot is provided in the output clutch gear. When the output clutch gear slides, the power output clutch gear position is clear and distinct through the cooperation of the steel ball and the card slot.

[0053] Preferably, the clutch is a normally open clutch or a normally closed clutch.

[0054] The clutch is a normally open clutch or a normally closed clutch. The clutch is connected to a third control component for controlling the clutch.

[0055] Specifically, it is suitable for clutches of various horsepower, and can also be installed with normally open or normally closed clutches according to customer requirements.

[0056] Specifically: an aluminum alloy connecting plate is installed at one end of the gearbox, and there are multiple groups of mounting holes on the connecting plate, which is suitable for engines of various horsepower. A clutch is installed between the engine and the power input shaft. The clutch housing is fixed to the connecting plate through a bearing, and the center is connected to the engine main shaft. The clutch core is fixed to the power input shaft, and the clutch fork is fixed to the clutch lever, and the clutch lever crosses the gearbox housing.

[0057] Among them, the clutch lever and the gear box housing are installed with steel sleeves, and the clutch lever is equipped with an O-ring seal.

[0058] The present application has a simple structure and wide applicability. It can be installed with a normally open clutch or a normally closed clutch. At least four sets of speed change units are arranged between the power input end and the power output end to form at least four different speed gears, thereby achieving at least four gears of forward and reverse speed adjustment range, thereby increasing the speed adjustable range of the gearbox, making it suitable for different front working units. The travel output shaft is one wheel and one shaft, dual drive, and a differential is installed on the shaft to adapt to various road conditions and facilitate steering.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery, including a power input end, a power input source is connected to the power input end, and a clutch is arranged between the power input source and the power input end; it also includes a first power output end and a second power output end; it is characterized in that: Wherein the first power output end is connected to the traveling mechanism through a traveling transmission mechanism; the second power output end is connected to the working module through a quick-release power output part; At least four sets of speed change units are arranged between the power input end and the first power output end to form at least four different speed gears, realizing speed change when the power is output from the power input end to the first power output end; and it can be freely switched between at least four of the speed gears; a reversing unit is arranged between the power input end and the first power output end to realize the direction conversion of the first power output end when the power is output; The power connection or disconnection of the second power output end is realized through a power closing and separating control mechanism; It includes a power input shaft and a power output shaft; at least the four sets of speed change units include several first speed change gear sets arranged on the power input shaft, and the first speed change gear sets are displaced relative to the power input shaft; correspondingly, a second speed change gear set is arranged on the power output shaft; the second speed change gear set is rotatably connected to the power output shaft, and by adjusting the meshing of the corresponding gears of several of the first speed change gear sets and the second speed change gear set, at least four sets of the speed change units are formed; It also includes a main gear rotatably connected to the power output shaft, and the main gear meshes with the power input shaft; it also includes a forward and reverse clutch gear, the forward and reverse clutch gear is rotatably connected to the power output shaft and can rotate synchronously with the second speed change gear set, and the forward and reverse clutch gear can axially move away from the main gear to separate from the main gear, or move closer to mesh with the main gear; A first spline shaft connection section is arranged on the second speed change gear set, and the forward and reverse clutch gear is connected to the first spline shaft connection section; The first speed change gear set includes a first gear that is rotatably connected to the power input shaft, and a gear position adjustment part that is slidably connected to the power input shaft. A second gear, a third gear, and a fourth gear are arranged on the gear position adjustment part. The second gear, the third gear, and the fourth gear are connected to a first control component, and the sliding of the second gear, the third gear, and the fourth gear on the power input shaft is controlled by the first control component; the gear position adjustment part is disengaged / engaged with the first gear to disconnect / drive the first gear to rotate; the second speed change gear set includes an integrally formed driven first gear, a driven second gear, a driven third gear, and a driven fourth gear. By adjusting the meshing of the first gear with the driven first gear, the second gear with the driven second gear, the third gear with the driven third gear, and the fourth gear with the driven fourth gear, four different speed gears are formed.

2. The multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second spline shaft connection section is arranged on the power input shaft, and the gear position adjustment part is connected to the second spline shaft connection section; 3. The multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that: The reversing unit includes a cross-over gear, the cross-over gear meshes with the power input shaft, and the forward and reverse clutch gear can axially move away from the cross-over gear to separate from the cross-over gear, or move closer to mesh with the cross-over gear.

4. The multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first power output end includes a first bevel gear that rotates synchronously with the second speed change gear set. The first bevel gear is rotatably connected to the power output shaft. The traveling transmission mechanism includes a second bevel gear. The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear. The second bevel gear is connected to the input shaft of the traveling gearbox. The output shaft of the traveling gearbox is connected to the traveling wheels, and a differential is provided in the traveling gearbox.

5. The multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes an intermediate pinion gear connected to the power input shaft. The intermediate pinion gear meshes with the first bevel gear through an intermediate large gear. The intermediate large gear and the first bevel gear are connected as an integral part. The integral part is connected to the gearbox housing through a bearing. The connection section between the intermediate pinion gear and the second spline shaft is integrally formed into a coaxial body, and the coaxial body is sleeved on the power input shaft. The coaxial body is connected to the gearbox housing through at least one bearing.

6. The multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second power output end includes an output clutch gear. The output clutch gear is slidably connected to the power output shaft. The output clutch gear can approach and mesh with the main gear, or move away from the main gear to be separated from the main gear. The working module is connected to the power output shaft and is located outside the output clutch gear.

7. The multi-forward and multi-reverse gearbox with an improved structure applied to garden machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch is an normally open clutch or a normally closed clutch.

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