Housing components, electrical systems and operating methods

Abstract

In at least one embodiment, a receiving member (1) is configured to be connected to an electrical component (2) to receive an electrical circuit (3) and to be filled with a liquid (4). The receiving member (1) comprises a conductive material and has an open mounting side (51) to be connected to the electrical component (2). The surface area to volume ratio of the receiving member (1) is at least 3 m ‑1 , and the ratio of the volume of the containing part (1) to the wall failure pressure (r) is at least 0.02m 3 MPa ‑1 The corresponding electrical system (100) is operated so that when an arc (8) occurs in the receiving component (1), the receiving component (1) absorbs the voltage rise (7) introduced into the component box (6).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure provides a receiving component for an electrical system and the electrical system, and also provides an operating method for the electrical system. Background Art

[0002] Documents US 7,317,598 B2, US 7,902,590 B2 and EP 1 166 297 B1 relate to breaking discs for transformers. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The object to be achieved is to provide a receiving component which can resist the pressure caused by an electric arc occurring therein.

[0004] This object is achieved in particular by a receiving component, an electrical system and an operating method as described in the independent claims. Exemplary further developments form the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0005] For example, the containment component is filled with transformer oil and mechanically reinforced in such a way that the voltage rise caused by the arc is absorbed and directed into the larger component, where it is deflected by the containment component, before it can cause the containment component to fail or leak significantly. This prevents damage to the containment component and surrounding equipment, such as fire caused by a failure or leak in the containment component.

[0006] In at least one embodiment, the receiving member is configured to be connected to an electrical component such as a transformer or a shunt reactor and is configured to accommodate electrical wiring. Furthermore, the receiving member is configured to be filled with a liquid, wherein the receiving member comprises a conductive material. The receiving member has an open mounting side to be connected to the electrical component. The surface area to volume ratio of the receiving member is at least 3 m -1 , and the ratio of the volume of the containment component to the wall failure pressure is at least 0.02m 3 MPa -1 .

[0007] For example, the receiving component is a turntable to be mounted on a transformer or a shunt reactor.The liquid may be transformer oil configured to provide cooling more efficiently than air.

[0008] The electrically conductive material may be at least one metal, for example steel, such as stainless steel.

[0009] The open mounting side is, for example, the bottom side of a cylinder forming the receiving component. Thus, the receiving component includes holes on the open mounting side, such that the mounting side is, for example, at least 60%, 80%, or 90% free of any solid material. The remaining area of the mounting side can be formed from a material that is adapted to rest on the electrical component on which the receiving component is mounted.

[0010] The open mounting side can be flat, allowing the receiving component to be placed on a flat surface of the electrical component. Alternatively, the open mounting side can include structures to improve connectivity with the electrical component. Such structures can be formed, for example, by indentations, adapters, or mating rings.

[0011] The surface area to volume ratio of the receiving component is relatively large. Therefore, the surface area to volume ratio can be at least 3m -1 or at least 4m -1 or at least 5m -1 Optionally, the surface area to volume ratio may be up to 9m -1 or up to 10m -1 or up to 11m -1 The surface area of the containment component that is relevant in determining the surface area to volume ratio may be the interior surface area of the containment component, excluding the area of the opening in the mounting side, or the relevant surface area may be the exterior surface area of the containment component, also excluding the area of the opening in the mounting side.

[0012] For example, if the receiving part has the shape of a hollow cylinder, the relevant surface area is the area of the cylinder barrel plus the area of the cylinder top side, assuming that the bottom side of the cylinder is completely open. When the cylinder has a height H and a radius R, then in this case the relevant surface area is 2πRH + πR 2 In another example, the receiving part has a rectangular parallelepiped shape with a height of H, a width of W and a length of K. Then, assuming that the bottom side of the rectangular parallelepiped is completely open, the relevant surface area is 2H(L+K)+KL.

[0013] Assuming further that the wall thickness of the receiving component is small compared to the diameter of the receiving component, it should be noted that the outer and inner surface areas of the receiving component are approximately equal. "Small" can mean that there is a factor of at least 50 or 100 between the wall thickness and the diameter. If the receiving component is not circular, the diameter can be calculated as the area of the receiving component in the plane divided by the fourth square root of π.

[0014] The ratio of the volume of the containment component to the wall failure pressure may be at least 0.01 m 3 MPa -1 or at least 0.02m 3 MPa -1 or at least 0.04m 3 MPa -1 Or it can be at least 0.05m 3 MPa -1 Optionally, the breaking pressure is at most 2m 3 MPa -1 or up to 1m3 MPa -1 or at most 0.4m 3 MPa -1 or at most 0.3m 3 MPa -1 That is, the receiving part has high mechanical strength to resist damage due to internal pressure.

[0015] With the above values, on the one hand, a sufficiently strong housing component can be achieved, while on the other hand, the mechanical load on the electrical components and the manufacturing costs can be kept relatively low and a high manageability can be achieved. Thus, for example, the surface area to volume ratio can be 3m -1 With 9m -1 Between (including 3m -1 and 9m -1 ), and the ratio of the volume of the containing component to the wall failure pressure can be 0.04m 3 MPa -1 With 2m 3 MPa -1 Between (including 0.04m 3 MPa -1 and 2m 3 MPa -1 For example, for a straight turntable, this value can be 0.04m 3 MPa -1 and 0.6m 3 MPa -1 Between (including 0.04m 3 MPa -1 and 0.6m 3 MPa -1 ); For external turntable or side turntable, this value can be 0.4m 3 MPa -1 and 1.5m 3 MPa -1 Between (including 0.4m 3 MPa -1 and 1.5m 3 MPa -1 ); and for cable boxes, this value can be 0.1m 3 MPa -1 with 1m 3 MPa -1 Between (including 0.1m 3 MPa -1 and 1m 3 MPa -1 ) to ensure both sufficient mechanical strength and manageability.

[0016] The burst pressure may be the internal pressure of the containment component at which the housing of the containment device begins to crack and begins to break and fracture. The burst pressure may be calculated, for example, using the finite element method (FEM for short) or may also be measured.

[0017] Thus, the receiving component may be a reinforced turntable for the electrical device.

[0018] High energy internal arcs in oil-filled turntables can produce extremely sudden pressure rises due to the small volume of the turntable, and damage may be accompanied by large oil leaks and fires. Containment components (such as the oil-filled reinforced turntable described herein) are designed to withstand such large pressure rises without damage and significant oil leaks. The turntable design is modified to include thicker turntable shells, flanges, and more secure bolted connections, such as steel or stainless steel. The pressure rise is then transferred to electrical components such as the transformer main box, which are configured to absorb the injected energy through elastic-plastic deformation. It should be noted that the internal box pressure in the electrical components is much lower due to the large volume of the internal box. This safety feature can prevent turntable damage and fire.

[0019] In addition, this enhanced design solution can be applied to other oil-filled compartments such as cable terminals, cable boxes and side turntables (e.g. chimneys). This design can also be applied to on-load tap-changer covers (OLTC covers) and to connections to transformer tanks.

[0020] In the case of internal arcing, transformer turntables, cable terminations and cable boxes where bushing ends and / or bushing shields are located are the second most common cause of fire. The peak voltage rise from an arc in such a small oil volume can be up to 10 times greater than the same event in the main transformer tank.

[0021] Some might think a pressure relief valve could be the solution, but multiple studies have shown that such valves are ineffective due to their relatively slow reaction time and small diameter. Other alternatives would be to avoid transformer designs with oil-filled turrets, cable terminations, and cable boxes, or to use a large-opening pressure relief device in the transformer's top cover. However, these alternatives may come with a reduction in breakdown voltage or an increased risk of oil leakage.

[0022] The containment components described herein are designed to withstand specific internal arc energies and associated pressures. Thicker turntable housings and flanges can provide better mechanical resistance to damage. Larger bolt sizes (including higher tightening torques) and thicker turntable flanges can prevent potential oil leaks. All of these design variations can be the result of calculations and nonlinear finite element analysis. The specific internal arc energy is, for example, 20 MJ or 30 MJ.

[0023] Once pressure is contained in the rotary table, it is transferred to the transformer main tank. The tank deforms to absorb the additional arc gas volume. Tank displacement and resistance can be determined using nonlinear finite element analysis.

[0024] As an example, the following variations are performed for a straight turntable with a diameter of 930 mm:

[0025] - The thickness of the turntable shell has been increased from 5mm to 8mm, where the use of stainless steel can also be effective,

[0026] - The thickness of the turntable flange and the box cover flange increased from 18mm to 50mm,

[0027] - The thickness of the turntable cover increased from 28mm to 50mm,

[0028] —Turntable bolt size increased from M12 to M36,

[0029] —Bolt tightening torque increased from 84Nm to 2400Nm.

[0030] The turntable can also be equipped with a pressure relief valve. The valve can be straight, curved, or chimney-shaped. The same principle can also be applied to other oil-filled compartments, such as cable terminals and cable boxes.

[0031] The containment components and design principles described herein can be applied, for example, to:

[0032] —single-phase distribution transformers,

[0033] - Configured for medium-sized distribution transformers from 315kVA to 2499kVA,

[0034] — a low voltage variable speed drive transformer configured for a secondary voltage of up to 1.0 kV,

[0035] —Industrial transformers,

[0036] —Shell transformer,

[0037] — Vacuum or conventional OLTC,

[0038] - Configured for large to medium-sized distribution transformers exceeding 2499kVA,

[0039] —Configured for small distribution transformers up to 315 kVA,

[0040] — small power transformers,

[0041] - High voltage DC transformer, and / or

[0042] — Reactors such as shunt reactors.

[0043] According to at least one embodiment, the receiving component is a turntable configured to be added to a transformer or shunt reactor as an electrical device. Therefore, the electrical line can be a high-power line or a high-voltage line configured to be applied with a voltage of at least 16 kV or at least 100 kV, for example.

[0044] Furthermore, an electrical system is provided. The electrical system comprises a receiving component as described in conjunction with at least one of the above embodiments. Therefore, features of an electrical system for receiving a component, and vice versa, are also disclosed.

[0045] In at least one embodiment, an electrical system includes one or more receiving components. The electrical system can be provided with a single power line or multiple power lines using the at least one receiving component. The electrical system also includes an electrical component, such as a transformer or a shunt reactor, having at least one component box. The at least one receiving component is mounted to the component box via an open mounting side, such that the interior of the component box is connected to the interior of the at least one receiving component at the corresponding open mounting side. The volume of the component box exceeds the volume of the receiving component by at least three times, at least ten times, or at least one hundred times.

[0046] According to at least one embodiment, the receiving component comprises a top side opposite to the open mounting side. For example, the top side comprises at least one hole to feed at least one electrical line received by the receiving component through the at least one hole.

[0047] According to at least one embodiment, the receiving member includes a sidewall. The sidewall connects the top side and the open mounting side. The sidewall can be one piece or multiple pieces. Optionally, the top side is thicker than the sidewall.

[0048] According to at least one embodiment, the sidewalls and / or the top surface are made of a metal having an elastic modulus of at least 150 GPa or at least 190 GPa at room temperature. For example, the top surface and / or the sidewalls are made of steel or stainless steel.

[0049] According to at least one embodiment, the side wall has a wall thickness of at least 5 mm or at least 6 mm or at least 7 mm. Optionally, the wall thickness is at most 20 mm or at most 14 mm or at most 10 mm.

[0050] According to at least one embodiment, the side wall is composed of at least two elements, for example, two elements or three elements. These elements can have the same or different designs.

[0051] According to at least one embodiment, the side wall elements are connected by means of intermediate flanges located along the side wall between the top side and the open mounting side. Thus, in the case of two elements, each of the side wall elements may comprise one intermediate flange; in the case of three or more elements, at least one middle part comprises two intermediate flanges, and the two end elements each comprise one intermediate flange.

[0052] According to at least one embodiment, the intermediate flange mechanically strengthens the sidewall. Thus, the intermediate flange can be a reinforcing ring that thickens the sidewall at its respective location. For example, the wall thickness of the sidewall at the intermediate flange is increased by at least 3 times and / or at most 7 times compared to the remaining area of the sidewall without any flange or the like.

[0053] According to at least one embodiment, the electrical circuit received by the receiving component is connected to a bushing of the electrical component. The electrical circuit can be electrically connected to a cable or electrical circuit of the electrical component, for example, to an internal power circuit, via the bushing.

[0054] According to at least one embodiment, the bushings and / or internal power lines of the electrical component protrude from the component box. The bushings and / or internal power lines may terminate in the receiving component. Therefore, the receiving component may also receive the bushings.

[0055] According to at least one embodiment, the bushing includes a shield. An end portion of an electrical line fed through the housing component is retained by the shield. Optionally, the end portion of the electrical line and an end portion of an internal power circuit of the electrical component are retained and / or coupled and / or connected by the shield and / or the bushing.

[0056] According to at least one embodiment, the intermediate flange or at least one of the intermediate flanges extends around the sleeve, shield and / or cable on the outer surface of the side wall. Thus, the intermediate flange can provide mechanical reinforcement at or near the location where the probability of arcing is highest.

[0057] According to at least one embodiment, the diameter and / or length of the receiving component is at least 0.3 m, at least 0.7 m, or at least 1 m. Alternatively, the diameter and / or length of the receiving component is at most 10 m, at most 7 m, or at most 3 m. The length can be determined along a direction perpendicular to the open mounting side. The diameter can be determined in a plane parallel to the open mounting side.

[0058] According to at least one embodiment, the minimum distance between the sidewall of the containment component and the electrical wiring and / or internal wiring of the component and / or the casing and / or the shield contained therein is at least 0.1 m, at least 0.2 m, or at least 0.3 m. Alternatively or additionally, the distance is at most 0.5 m, 0.4 m, or 0.3 m. For example, the distance is between 0.2 m and 0.3 m (inclusive). Therefore, the diameter of the containment component is relatively large to reduce the risk of internal arcing. Before an arc occurs, this distance can be completely filled with liquid.

[0059] According to at least one embodiment, the volume of the component box is at least 12m 3 or at least 15m 3 or at least 25m 3 Optionally, the volume is a maximum of 220m 3 or up to 170m 3 or up to 100m 3 The volume may be the entire volume enclosed by the component box. Therefore, the actual volume of the liquid filling the component box may be smaller. For example, the volume of the liquid in the component box is at least 3m 3 or at least 10m 3 or at least 20m 3 and / or up to 80m 3 or up to 40m 3 .

[0060] According to at least one embodiment, the liquid that fills the receiving part and also fills the component box is transformer oil. The transformer oil can be silicone-based oil or mineral oil.

[0061] According to at least one embodiment, the receiving component further includes at least one bottom flange. One or more bottom flanges may surround the open mounting side. Similar to the middle flange, the bottom flange may be a thickened portion of the side wall, located at the extreme end of the side wall at the open mounting side. The receiving component can be mounted to the component box via the bottom flange.

[0062] According to at least one embodiment, the receiving component further comprises at least one top flange.The top flange(s) may be located on a side of the side wall away from the open mounting side, ie, on the side wall close to the top side.

[0063] According to at least one embodiment, at least one cover element of the receiving component forms a top side. Thus, the one or more cover elements and the top side may include at least one cover element flange. The at least one cover element is secured to the side wall via at least one top flange and at least one cover element flange. Similar to the middle and bottom flanges, the top flange may be a thickened portion of the side wall located at the extreme end of the side wall at the top side.

[0064] According to at least one embodiment, the ratio of the thickness of the middle flange to the thickness of the side walls is at least 4 or at least 5. Alternatively or additionally, this ratio is at most 15 or at most 10. Thus, to prevent liquid leakage at the middle flange, the flange is designed to be relatively strong. The same applies to the ratio of the thickness of the top flange to the thickness of the side walls, and / or the ratio of the thickness of the cover flange to the thickness of the side walls, and / or the ratio of the thickness of the bottom flange to the thickness of the side walls.

[0065] According to at least one embodiment, the cover comprises at least one feed-through opening, through which the electrical line is fed into the receiving part.The feed-through opening in the cover thus corresponds to a hole in the top side.

[0066] According to at least one embodiment, at least one of the intermediate flanges, at least one of the bottom flange and the component box, and at least one of the top flange and the cover flange are flange-connected together with a tightening torque of at least 0.5 kNm, at least 1 kNm, or at least 2 kNm. Optionally, the tightening torque is a maximum of 3 kNm or a maximum of 5 kNm. Thus, the bolts connecting the flanges are subjected to a relatively high torque.

[0067] Furthermore, an operating method for an electrical system is provided. The electrical system is designed as described in conjunction with at least one of the above embodiments. Therefore, features of the electrical system and features of the receiving component are also disclosed with respect to the operating method, and vice versa.

[0068] In at least one embodiment, a method for operating an electrical system includes:

[0069] - when an arc occurs in the receiving part, the receiving part absorbs the voltage rise caused by the arc,

[0070] The pressure increase is conducted from the receiving component via the open mounting side into the component box, wherein the receiving component withstands the pressure increase for the time required to deflect the pressure increase to the component box without being destroyed, and

[0071] Upon receiving the voltage rise, the component box deforms and accommodates the voltage rise, so that no damage or significant damage occurs to the electrical components and the housing components.

[0072] Therefore, oil leakage and the resulting fire can be prevented.

[0073] According to at least one embodiment of the method, the travel time of the pressure rise within the containment component from the location of the arc to the open mounting side is less than the entire build-up time of the pressure rise and / or the arc. For example, the maximum pressure and / or volume expansion and / or the complete arc build-up occurs at least 20 ms or at least 35 ms after the arc starts. However, the travel time required for the pressure rise in the liquid to reach the open mounting side is at most 20 ms or at most 10 ms. Thus, the pressure rise is partially released to the larger component box before it can fully exert its destructive effect in the relatively small volume of the containment component.

[0074] According to at least one embodiment of the method, the arc occurs at or near the bushing and / or shroud.For example, the distance between the current carrying component fed through the containment component and the sidewall of the containment component is smallest near the bushing and / or shroud. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] The housing components, electrical systems, and operating methods described herein are described in more detail below by way of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Identical elements in the various drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals. However, the relationships between the elements are not shown to scale, and individual elements may be shown exaggerated to aid understanding. The accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0076] Figure 1 is a schematic side view of an exemplary embodiment of an electrical system described herein;

[0077] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the electrical system;

[0078] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Details of a schematic cross-sectional view of the electrical system;

[0079] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic perspective view of the housing components of the electrical system;

[0080] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a receiving component;

[0081] Figure 6 is a schematic perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of an electrical system described herein;

[0082] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a receiving component described herein;

[0083] Figures 8 to 10 is a schematic side view of an exemplary embodiment of an electrical system described herein; and

[0084] Figure 11 and Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the time-pressure dependence in a containment component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0085] Figures 1 to 5 An exemplary embodiment of an electrical system 100 is shown, comprising an exemplary embodiment of a housing component 1. Electrical system 100 also includes an electrical component 2, such as a transformer 21 or, alternatively, a shunt reactor. Electrical lines 3 are supplied to electrical device 2 via housing component 1. Housing component 1 may be a top turntable 11 mounted on electrical component 2.

[0086] See also Figure 2 The electrical component 2 includes a component box 6, in which a base element 62 is located. The base element 62 may include, for example, transformer windings and a transformer core. Furthermore, the electrical component 2 includes internal wiring 61, via which current is fed to the base element 62. For example, the internal wiring 61 may be a high-power line and configured to carry high voltage. The component box 6 and the housing 1 are filled with a liquid 4, such as transformer oil.

[0087] from Figure 2 and Figure 3 As can be seen, the electrical line 3 is connected to the internal wiring 61 of the assembly, for example, by means of a bushing 27. At the end 31 of the electrical line 3, a shield 28 is optionally provided, which surrounds the bushing 27 and encloses the electrical line 3. The shield 28 can be located in or approximately in the middle of the housing 1, as viewed perpendicular to the open mounting side 51 of the housing 1. For example, the electrical line 3 includes a conductive core 33 and an electrical insulator 32 surrounding the core 33 and extending to the end 31.

[0088] See also Figure 3 In the region of end 31, the distance between sleeve 27 of shield 28, which is configured to carry current, on the one hand, and the electrically conductive containment component 1 on the other hand, is relatively small. Therefore, the probability of an arc 8 occurring is highest in this region. Consequently, an arc 8 may occur in a relatively narrow region of containment component 1 and may also occur within the relatively small volume defined by containment component 1.

[0089] Due to the arc 8, the liquid 4 decomposes in the region of the arc 8 and a rapid pressure rise 7 occurs in the small volume in the receiving part 1, while comparing the following Figure 11 and 12By virtue of the relatively mechanically strong accommodation member 1, the pressure rise 7 is deflected into the much larger volume of the component box 6. Therefore, the pressure rise 7 can be absorbed in the component box 6, and damage to the electrical system 100, such as fire caused by the escape of liquid 4 and gas from the accommodation member 1, can be prevented.

[0090] Therefore, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the receiving part 1 is constructed in a mechanically stable manner. However, care must be taken to ensure that the receiving part 1 is not too large in terms of its mechanical properties in order to avoid excessive mechanical loads on the component box 6 and to keep costs relatively low.

[0091] In this exemplary embodiment, the receiving component 1 generally has the shape of a hollow cylinder. The mounting side 51 of the receiving component 1, which faces the component box 6, is substantially open, with the diameter of the opening on the mounting side 51 corresponding to the inner diameter of the hollow cylinder. Therefore, the opening on the mounting side 51 is as large as possible.

[0092] The top side 52 of the receiving part 1 can be formed by a cover 57. Optionally, there are further elements of the receiving part 1 on top of the cover 57 for mounting the electrical lines 3. Thus, the lead-through opening 59 is defined at the top side 52 by means of the further element.

[0093] The top side 52 and the open mounting side 51 are connected by a side wall 53. Optionally, the side wall 53 is a multi-piece design, so that the side wall 53 is composed of two elements 50. The elements 50 can have the same design or can have different shapes. For example, the elements 50 of the side wall 53 are tubes with flanges 54, 55, 56 at their respective ends.

[0094] Thus, there is a bottom flange 55 at the open mounting side 51, two intermediate flanges 54 at the interface between the elements 50 of the side wall 53, and a top flange 56 of the topmost element 50 of the side wall 53 and a cover flange 58 of the cover 57 at the top side 52. All flanges 54, 55, 56, 58 can be formed integrally with the respective element 50, 57 and can constitute a ring or rim at the end of the tube forming the element 50 of the side wall 53. The flanges 54, 55, 56, 58 can be connected by bolts 91 and by O-rings 92 between each of the element 50, the cover 57, and the assembly box 6. The O-rings 92 can be rubber or metal.

[0095] Optionally, the intermediate flange 54 is located close to the end 31 of the electrical line 3 and, therefore, near the shield 58 of the bushing 57. Thus, the intermediate flange 54 can serve as a mechanical reinforcement for the side wall 53. Furthermore, the possible arcing location is relatively close to the open mounting side 51, so that the voltage rise 7 can be directed into the larger component box 6 in a short period of time.

[0096] The liquid 4 may fill, for example, 60% to 75% of the total internal volume of the container 1, with the remaining space within the container 1 being occupied by the electrical wiring 3, the bushing 27, and the internal wiring of the assembly 62. The same applies to the assembly box 6 associated with the internal wiring 61 and the assembly base element 62.

[0097] Optionally, the following parameters (for example, in each case with a tolerance of a maximum of 1.5 times or a maximum of 1.3 times or a maximum of 1.1 times) apply to the receiving part 1 individually or in any combination:

[0098] The wall thickness of the tube of the element 50 forming the side wall 52 is 8 mm.

[0099] The elements 50 of the side wall 53 and the cover 57 are made of a material with a Young's modulus of 200 GPa, for example steel or stainless steel.

[0100] The thickness of the flanges 54, 55, 56 and / or 58 and thus of the cover 57 is 50 mm. For example, the flanges 54, 55, 56, 58 may be grade 150 according to ANSI B16.47, or according to a similar grade.

[0101] The bolt 91 is an M36 bolt, for example according to ISO 898 grade 8.8.

[0102] —The tightening torque for bolt 91 is 2400 Nm.

[0103] The diameter (ie inner diameter) of the element 50 of the side wall 53 is 930 mm.

[0104] The length of the containment part 1 (eg including the cover 57 but not including the further elements on top of the cover 57) is 2.3 m.

[0105] Therefore, the receiving part 1 can have a size of about 4.7m -1 The surface area to volume ratio of the container 1 and the ratio of the volume to the wall failure pressure r can be about 0.17m 3 MPa -1 .

[0106] Alternatively, the valve 44 may also be present, for example, at the side wall 53 of the containment part 1. However, such a pressure relief valve 44 is usually too slow to allow timely release of the pressure rise 7 caused by the arc 8.

[0107] exist Figure 6 , another exemplary embodiment of a system 100 is shown. The electrical component 2 is, for example, a shunt reactor 22, but may also be a transformer 21, not shown.

[0108] There are multiple accommodating components 1 at the top side of the component box 6. For example, there are three top turntables 11, each of which is equipped with an electrical line 3. In addition, in addition to the top turntable 11 or instead of the top turntable 11, there can be a cable box 13 as another accommodating component 1.

[0109] Additionally, for Figures 1 to 5 The description also applies to Figure 6 .

[0110] exist Figure 7 , an exemplary embodiment of a receiving component 1 configured as a cable box 13 is shown. The cable box 13 may be in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped or a substantially rectangular parallelepiped and may have an open mounting side 51 and a closed top side 52 and closed side walls 53. Optionally, a plurality of electrical insulators 32 and electrical lines 3 are located within the cable box 13. For example, the surface area to volume ratio of the cable box 13 is 2.4 m -1 , and the ratio of the volume of the cable box 13 to the wall failure pressure r is 1.1m 3 MPa -1 .

[0111] Such a cable box 13 may be present in all exemplary embodiments of the electrical system 100 .

[0112] Additionally, for Figures 1 to 6 The description also applies to Figure 7 .

[0113] Figures 8 to 10 A further exemplary embodiment of an electrical system 100 comprising an exemplary receiving component 1 is schematically shown.

[0114] according to Figure 8 , the receiving component 1 is configured as a side turntable 12 located at the side wall of the component box 6. For example, in addition to the top turntable 11 or instead of the top turntable 11, such a side turntable 12 can be present in all exemplary embodiments of the electrical system 100.

[0115] Additionally, for Figures 1 to 7 The description also applies to Figure 8 .

[0116] according to Figure 9, the receiving component 1 is configured as a cable terminal 15. For example, the cable terminal 15 is located inside the component box 6, but alternatively can also be located at the side wall or top of the component box 6. Such a cable terminal 15 can be present in all exemplary embodiments of the electrical system 100. In addition, for Figures 1 to 8 The description also applies to Figure 9 .

[0117] according to Figure 10 , the receiving component 1 is configured as an on-load tap changer 14. For example, the on-load tap changer 14 is located on the top of the component box 6. Such an on-load tap changer 14 can be present in all exemplary embodiments of the electrical system 100. Figures 1 to 9 The description also applies to Figure 10 .

[0118] As in all other exemplary embodiments, the top side 52 and the side walls 53 may be combined into a single surface for receiving components. Figure 10 As shown, the top side 52 and the side wall 53 can be manufactured together as a dome, for example as a hollow hemisphere.

[0119] exist Figure 11 and Figure 12 In FIG, an exemplary pressure rise 7 is characterized. Figure 11 As shown, the pressure rise 7 and the associated arc can build up on a timescale of approximately 40 ms. Thus, in a closed, fixed volume, the maximum pressure will not occur before 40 ms after the arc has been initiated. In other words, in a volume with a single turret without an attached tank, the maximum pressure in the turret will occur after 40 ms. However, this duration will also depend on the actual arc duration.

[0120] from Figure 12 It can be seen that the pressure P in the receiving part 7 rises rapidly and reaches a maximum on a time scale of 5ms to 10ms, and then drops. This relatively rapid drop is due to the pressure being released into the component box 6 through the open mounting side 51.

[0121] Figure 12 The voltage rise in 7 is caused by arcs with energies of 20 MJ and 30 MJ, respectively. Additionally, such rapidly rising high-energy arcs with energies exceeding, for example, 15 MJ can be very destructive in high-voltage applications.

[0122] based on Figure 4 and Figure 5 The turntable 11 of the housing 1 has a wall-breaking pressure r of 9 MPa. However, in the case of high-energy arcs exceeding 30 MJ, a small and short-term leakage of the liquid 4 may occur in the region of the flanges 54, 55, 56, 58. The leakage pressure 1 is lower and amounts to 4.6 MPa.

[0123] Therefore, the housing component 1 in the electrical system 100 described herein can withstand high energy arcs.

[0124] The invention described herein is not limited to the description given with reference to the exemplary embodiments. Rather, the invention comprises any novel feature and any combination of features, in particular including any combination of features in the claims, even if this feature or this combination itself is not explicitly mentioned in the claims or the exemplary embodiments.

[0125] Reference Signs List

[0126] 1 Accommodating components

[0127] 11 Top turntable

[0128] 12 side turntable

[0129] 13 Cable Box

[0130] 14 On-load tap-changer

[0131] 15 Cable terminal

[0132] 2 Electrical components

[0133] 21 Transformer

[0134] 22 Shunt Reactor

[0135] 27 Casing

[0136] 28 Casing guard

[0137] 3 Electrical wiring

[0138] 31 End of electrical line

[0139] 32 Electrical insulators

[0140] 33 conductive core

[0141] 4 liquids

[0142] 44 valve

[0143] 50 Components that hold parts

[0144] 51 Open mounting side

[0145] 52 top side

[0146] 53 sidewall

[0147] 54 middle flange

[0148] 55 bottom flange

[0149] 56 Top flange

[0150] 57 Cover

[0151] 58 Cover flange

[0152] 59 Guide through opening

[0153] 6 component boxes

[0154] 61 Component internal circuit

[0155] 62 component base elements

[0156] 7 Pressure rise

[0157] 8 Arc

[0158] 91 bolts

[0159] 92 O-ring

[0160] 100 Electrical Systems

[0161] D Diameter of the receiving component

[0162] Leakage pressure

[0163] L Length of the receiving component

[0164] P pressure

[0165] R wall failure pressure

[0166] t time

Claims

1. A receiving component (1), The receiving member is configured to be connected to the electrical component (2), The receiving component is configured to receive the electrical circuit (3), and The receiving part is configured to be filled with a liquid (4), in, The receiving component (1) comprises a conductive material, wherein the receiving part (1) has an open mounting side (51) to be connected to the electrical component (2), The surface area to volume ratio of the containing component (1) is at least 3 ,and Wherein, the ratio of the volume of the containing part (1) to the wall breaking pressure (r) is at least .

2. The receiving component (1) according to claim 1, The accommodating part is formed as a turntable (11), and is configured to be added to a transformer (21) as an electric device (2) or a shunt reactor (22) as an electric device.

3. An electrical system (100), The electrical system comprises a receiving component (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, and The electrical system comprises an electrical component (10) having a component box (6), in, The accommodating component (1) is mounted to the component box (6) via the open mounting side (51), so that the interior of the component box (6) is connected to the interior of the accommodating component (1) at the open mounting side (51), and The volume of the component box (6) exceeds the volume of the accommodating component (1) by at least 3 times.

4. The electrical system (100) according to claim 3, in, The accommodating component (1) comprises a top side (52) opposite to the open mounting side (51) and a side wall (53) connecting the top side (52) and the open mounting side (51), wherein the sidewall (53) is made of a metal having an elastic modulus of at least 150 GPa at room temperature, and Wherein, the wall thickness of the side wall (53) is at least 6 mm.

5. The electrical system (100) according to claim 4, in, The side wall (53) is composed of at least two elements (50) connected by means of at least two intermediate flanges (54) located along the side wall (53) between the top side (52) and the open mounting side (51), and Wherein, the intermediate flange (54) mechanically strengthens the side wall (53).

6. The electrical system (100) according to claim 5, in, The electrical component (2) is a high-power transformer (21) or a shunt reactor (22), The accommodating component (1) accommodates the electrical circuit (3), and the electrical circuit is connected to the sleeve (27) of the electrical component (2).

7. The electrical system (100) according to claim 6, in, The sleeve (27) protrudes from the component box (6) and ends in the receiving part (1).

8. The electrical system (100) according to claim 6, in, The sleeve (27) comprises a shield (28) which grips the end (31) of the electrical line (3), At least one of the intermediate flanges (54) extends on the outer surface of the side wall (53) around at least one of the sleeve (27) and the shield (28).

9. The electrical system (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 8, in, The diameter (D) and length (L) of the receiving part (1) are between 0.3 m and 7 m inclusive, The volume of the component box (6) is 12 and 170 Between and including 12 and 170 ,and The liquid (4) filling the receiving component (1) and the component box (6) is transformer oil.

10. The electrical system (100) according to any one of claims 5 to 8, in, The receiving part (1) further comprises a bottom flange (55) surrounding the open mounting side (51), The accommodating component (1) is mounted to the component box (6) by means of the bottom flange (55).

11. The electrical system (100) according to claim 10, in, The receiving part (1) further comprises a top flange (56) on the side of the side wall (53) facing away from the open mounting side (51), wherein the cover (57) of the receiving component (1) forming the top side (52) comprises a cover flange (58), wherein the cover (57) is fixed to the side wall (53) by means of the top flange (56) and the cover flange (58), The cover (57) includes a conducting opening (59), and the electrical line (3) is fed into the accommodating component (1) through the conducting opening.

12. The electrical system (100) according to claim 11, in, At least one of the following is flanged together with a tightening torque of at least 1 kNm: - the intermediate flange (54), - the bottom flange (55) and the component box (6), and - the top flange (56) and the cover flange (58), and Wherein, at least one of the following is at least 5: - the ratio of the thickness of the intermediate flange (54) to the wall thickness of the side wall (53), - the ratio of the thickness of the top flange (56) to the wall thickness of the side wall (53), - the ratio of the thickness of the bottom flange (55) to the wall thickness of the side wall (53), and - The ratio of the thickness of the cover flange (58) to the wall thickness of the side wall (53).

13. A method for operating an electrical system (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 12, in, When an arc (8) occurs in the receiving component (1), the receiving component (1) absorbs the voltage rise (7) caused by the arc (8), and the voltage rise (7) is guided from the receiving component (1) into the component box (6) through the open mounting side (51), and After receiving the pressure rise (7), the component box (6) deforms and contains the pressure rise (7).

14. The method according to claim 13, in, The travel time of the voltage rise (7) from the arc (8) to the open mounting side (51) within the receiving component (1) is less than the entire build-up time of the voltage rise (7).

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the electrical component (10) according to claim 8 is operated. in, The arc (8) occurs at the bushing (27), the shield (28) and / or the cable (61).

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