Axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie

Abstract

The present invention discloses an axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie, comprising a frame, three sets of wheel set assemblies matched with the frame, both ends of the main shaft of the wheel set assembly are matched with axle box suspension devices, and also includes a basic braking device for braking the wheel set assembly, the main shafts of the wheel set assemblies on both sides are end shafts, the four axle box suspension devices corresponding to the two end shafts are connected by a cross connection device, and vertical hydraulic vibration reduction devices are installed between the four axle box suspension devices corresponding to the two end shafts and the frame; clearance side bearings are arranged on both sides of the frame along the track direction. The present invention provides an axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, achieve the purpose of simplifying the structure of the three-axle bogie, and improve its working performance at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of railway freight cars, and in particular to an axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie. Background Art

[0002] Heavy-load transportation is the development direction of railway freight. Striving to increase the load of freight trains is a major aspect of improving railway transportation capacity and economic benefits, and increasing the load-bearing capacity of bogies is one of the most effective ways to increase vehicle load and thus increase the load of the entire freight train. Generally, there are two ways to increase the load-bearing capacity of bogies: increasing the axle weight of the bogie and using three-axle or more multi-axle bogies. Due to the influence of lines and bridges, the allowable axle weight of bogies is subject to certain restrictions. Therefore, when transporting some heavy-load special goods, using three-axle or more bogies is the most effective way.

[0003] As the running gear of the vehicle for transporting goods, the three-axle bogie must have a simple structure, be economical and reliable, and be able to adapt to the transportation requirements of empty and loaded vehicles. For a long time, due to its complex structure, the three-axle bogie has faced many technical problems that need to be solved, such as insufficient stability, easy interference between parts, excessive deadweight, severe wear, and eccentric wear of brake shoes. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie to solve the above problems in the prior art and achieve the purpose of simplifying the three-axle bogie structure while improving its working performance.

[0005] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] An axle box guide column positioned three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie comprises a frame, three sets of wheelset assemblies matched with the frame, both ends of the main shafts of the wheelset assemblies are matched with axle box suspension devices, and also comprises a basic braking device for braking the wheelset assemblies, the main shafts of the wheelset assemblies on both sides are end shafts, the four axle box suspension devices corresponding to the two end shafts are connected by a cross-connecting device, and vertical hydraulic vibration reduction devices are installed between the four axle box suspension devices corresponding to the two end shafts and the frame; clearance side bearings are arranged on both sides of the frame along the track direction.

[0007] The wheel set assembly in the present application is composed of a main shaft, wheels located at both ends of the main shaft, and rolling bearings. The rolling bearings are assembled in the axle box suspension device, and the basic brake device is used for braking. The present application is an improvement on the three-axle bogie, so there are three sets of wheel set assemblies, corresponding to three main shafts respectively. The main shafts of the wheel set assemblies located on both sides are defined as end shafts, and the main shaft of the wheel set assembly located in the middle is defined as the intermediate shaft. The four axle box suspension devices corresponding to the two end shafts are connected by a cross-connecting device, and the cross-connecting device cooperates with the connected axle box suspension devices to increase the critical speed of the snaking instability when the vehicle is running in a straight line. At the same time, when the vehicle passes through a curve, the wheels at both ends and the curved track are in a positive radial state, reducing the impact angle of the wheel impacting the curved track, reducing the wear of the wheel rail, and reducing the noise emitted by the vehicle impacting the curved track. In the present application, the four axle box suspension devices of the two end shafts are installed with vertical hydraulic vibration reduction devices on the outside, and the intermediate shaft is not provided with a vertical hydraulic vibration reduction device, which can effectively attenuate the vibration of the vehicle during operation. The damping characteristics of the vertical hydraulic shock absorber do not change with the wear of the parts, and are more adaptable to vehicle operation requirements than traditional truck friction shock absorbers. In addition, in the present application, a gap side bearing is arranged on both sides of the frame along the track direction. When the vehicle is running in a straight line, it is independently carried by the center plate; when the vehicle passes through a curve, it is simultaneously carried by the center plate and the gap side bearings on the inner side of the curve, and the center plate and the gap side bearings provide a suitable rotational resistance torque when passing through the curve.

[0008] Furthermore, the axle box suspension device includes an axle box for cooperating with the rolling bearing in the wheelset assembly, an axle box spring matched with the axle box, a load-bearing saddle detachably connected to the axle box, the axle box and the load-bearing saddle together surround the mounting position of the rolling bearing, and a number of wear plates are installed on the top of the load-bearing saddle; it also includes a guide column assembly assembly arranged on both sides of the axle box, and the axle box spring is located in the guide column assembly assembly; the guide column assembly assembly includes a guide column assembly for installation on a welded frame, a guide column component fixed under the guide column assembly, and an elastic positioning sleeve fixed under the guide column component; it also includes a positioning seat component located on the axle box, an annular buffer pad is sleeved on the positioning seat component, a guide column ring is installed on the buffer pad, and the axle box spring is located in the guide column ring; a friction pair is formed between the elastic positioning sleeve and the positioning seat component.

[0009] Another technical problem solved by the present application is that the traditional axle box positioning method often adopts a Linol or overhead wedge positioning structure. These positioning methods are simple in structure and reliable in positioning, which are more suitable for the use requirements of railway freight cars. However, this type of axle box positioning method often has a large positioning stiffness, the bogie's ability to adapt to line distortion and deformation is poor, and the parts are severely worn. With the increase in the axle weight, load and speed of railway freight cars, the ability of the bogie to adapt to various line requirements is getting higher and higher. The disadvantage of the traditional suspension method, which has excessive stiffness and causes severe wear during vehicle operation, is increasingly exposed.

[0010] In view of the above problems, the present invention designs an axle box suspension device, and sets a bearing saddle of a split structure. The axle box and the bearing saddle together surround the installation part of the rolling bearing, which can simplify the processing difficulty of the matching part between the axle box and the rolling bearing. Among them, the bearing saddle can be detachably connected to the axle box in any way that can be realized by a person skilled in the art. A wear plate is set on the top of the bearing saddle, and the thickness of the wear plate depends on the vertical spatial position of the axle box suspension device and the bogie frame, which can avoid direct contact wear between the top of the axle box and the bearing saddle. The guide column assembly is used to assemble the guide column, in which an axle box spring mainly used for bogie bearing is set, so that the axle box and the frame can be elastically positioned. The present invention also utilizes the three-way stiffness anisotropy of the buffer pad to obtain different positioning stiffness values ​​in the transverse and longitudinal directions, overcoming the shortcomings of the traditional truck wedge block and Lijole positioning methods, which have excessive stiffness and lead to serious wear during vehicle use, and can also attenuate the vibration of the vehicle during operation.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide column assembly is integrally formed with the guide column assembly; the elastic positioning sleeve is fixed to the bottom of the guide column assembly by a baffle cover and baffle cover fastening bolts; the axial fixation between the elastic positioning sleeve and the guide column assembly can be ensured by the joint action of the baffle cover and the baffle cover fastening bolts.

[0012] The positioning seat assembly is provided with a circumferential platform for accommodating the buffer pad; the circumferential platform is located on the upper surface of the positioning seat assembly, and is used to provide a placement position for the buffer pad, which facilitates the installation of the buffer pad and can also ensure the stability of the position of the buffer pad before the guide column ring is pressed onto the buffer pad.

[0013] The positioning seat component is cylindrical, and the elastic positioning sleeve is inserted into the positioning seat component from the top end, so that the outer surface of the elastic positioning sleeve is in surface contact with the inner surface of the positioning seat component to form a required friction pair.

[0014] The wear plate is a rigid wear plate or an elastic wear plate; the specific use of the rigid wear plate or the elastic wear plate depends on the vertical spatial position of the axle box suspension device and the frame. When there is enough space, the elastic wear plate is preferably used. The elastic wear plate can not only reduce the wear on the top of the axle box, but also enable the axle box and the load-bearing saddle to achieve elastic positioning, reduce the noise during vehicle operation, improve the vehicle operation quality, and also facilitate the inspection and maintenance of the load-bearing saddle and the axle box, saving maintenance costs.

[0015] The axle boxes corresponding to the two end shafts are provided with radial mechanism connecting arms at one end close to the center direction of the frame, and the radial mechanism connecting arms are connected to the corresponding axle boxes through a first rivet; through the radial mechanism connecting arms, the diagonal axle boxes of the two end shafts can be connected in pairs, thereby forming a cross-connection device of the bogie, which can reduce the wheel-rail angle when the bogie passes through a curve, thereby reducing the wear of the wheel and rail and the noise generated by the wheel-rail impact when passing through a curve.

[0016] A first shock absorber mounting seat is also provided on the axle boxes corresponding to the two end shafts, and the bottom of the vertical hydraulic shock absorbing device is installed on the first shock absorber mounting seat.

[0017] Furthermore, the basic braking device includes four brake beams distributed radially, wherein the two middle brake beams are rotatably connected to the middle levers, and the two brake beams on both sides are rotatably connected to the fixed lever and the floating lever respectively, and also include a bow pull rod and a straight pull rod. The fixed lever is rotatably connected to the nearest middle lever through the bow pull rod, the floating lever is rotatably connected to the nearest middle lever through the bow pull rod, and the middle levers of the two middle brake beams are rotatably connected through the straight pull rod; both ends of each brake beam are connected to the brake assembly.

[0018] The basic brake device in the prior art has a complex structure and is difficult to manufacture and maintain. In this solution, four brake beams are distributed along the radial direction of the vehicle body to match the radial bogie. For the four brake beams, the two brake beams located at the edges of the two sides are respectively connected to the fixed lever and the floating lever, and the two brake beams located in the middle are both connected to the intermediate lever. The fixed lever and the corresponding intermediate lever are connected to each other through a bow-shaped pull rod, which means that the two ends of the bow-shaped pull rod are respectively connected to the fixed lever and the intermediate lever. Similarly, the floating lever and the corresponding intermediate lever are connected to each other through a bow-shaped pull rod, which means that the two ends of the bow-shaped pull rod are respectively connected to the floating lever and the intermediate lever; in addition, the two ends of the straight pull rod are also respectively connected to the intermediate levers on both sides. It can be seen that a group of transmission structures in this application is composed of the following structures in sequence: fixed lever, bow-shaped pull rod, intermediate lever, straight pull rod, intermediate lever, bow-shaped pull rod, floating lever. The above group of transmission structures enables the four brake beams to be linked to achieve a self-guided braking effect. Of course, this solution does not limit the number of groups of the above transmission structures. For those skilled in the art, fixed levers belong to the prior art. The present application makes full use of the cooperation between the intermediate lever, the floating lever and the corresponding tie rod to realize transmission, and then drives the brake components at both ends of each brake beam to operate, thereby achieving the braking of the wheels. In addition, since the two-side brake shoe brake is adopted on the two end axles of the three-axle bogie, the tie rod connecting the two brake beams of the same axle must cross the end axle, and the tie rod connecting the brake beam between the front and rear axles must cross the two crossbeam structures of the frame; therefore, in order to make full use of the spatial position, the tie rod crossing the end axle is designed as a bow tie rod, and the tie rod crossing the crossbeam structure of the frame is designed as a straight tie rod.

[0019] Furthermore, two pillars are arranged on each brake beam, and the fixed lever, the middle lever, and the floating lever are all rotatably connected to the corresponding pillars; in this scheme, there are two sets of transmission structures, corresponding to the two side end shafts of the three-axle bogie respectively. The design idea of ​​this scheme is to take into account that the force environment of the middle shaft of the three-axle bogie is different from that of the two end shafts, so that the middle shaft does not participate in the implementation of the radial function and braking function of the bogie, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the three axles are involved in braking at the same time, resulting in a complex overall structure of the braking device, high manufacturing and maintenance costs, and difficult processes. The braking principle of this scheme can be regarded as a two-axle bogie with a large wheelbase, and its mechanical structure is simple and the transmission efficiency is high. In addition, the two sets of transmission structures form a double pull rod structure, which can make the basic braking device structure layout adapt to the structural form of the three-axle bogie, and make full and reasonable use of the structural space position of the three-axle bogie.

[0020] The fixed lever, the intermediate lever and the floating lever are all provided with an upper pin hole, a middle pin hole and a lower pin hole; wherein:

[0021] The upper pin hole of the fixed lever is used for pin connection with the fixed lever fulcrum, the middle pin hole of the fixed lever is used for pin connection with the bow-shaped pull rod, and the lower pin hole of the fixed lever is used for pin connection with the corresponding support post;

[0022] The upper pin hole of the middle lever is used for pin connection with the straight pull rod, the middle pin hole of the middle lever is used for pin connection with the bow pull rod, and the lower pin hole of the middle lever is used for pin connection with the corresponding support post;

[0023] The upper pin hole of the floating lever is a free end, the middle pin hole of the floating lever is used for pin connection with the bow-shaped pull rod, and the lower pin hole of the floating lever is used for pin connection with the corresponding support.

[0024] The length of the intermediate lever is smaller than that of the fixed lever and the floating lever; and the distance ratios among the upper pin hole, the middle pin hole and the lower pin hole on the fixed lever, the intermediate lever and the floating lever are the same.

[0025] This solution can fully adapt to the complex structure of the three-axle bogie itself by pinning at each node to achieve the corresponding rotational connection, so as to realize the arrangement of the basic brake device in a complex space to ensure that the action is not restricted. In order to prevent the change space of the straight pull rod from being too large during the operation of the basic brake device, the length of the middle lever is shortened to be smaller than the fixed lever and the floating lever. However, the ratio of the distance between the three holes on the middle lever is kept consistent with that of the fixed lever and the floating lever to ensure a uniform braking ratio, which can ensure uniform force on each brake shoe and fully adapt to the requirements of the complex structure of the three-axle bogie and the limited arrangement space of the basic brake device.

[0026] Furthermore, the brake assembly includes end shafts fixed at both ends of the brake beam, the brake assembly includes a brake shoe support rotatably connected to the end shaft, a brake shoe support rotatably connected to the brake shoe support, a brake shoe installed on the brake shoe support, and a brake shoe head automatic adjustment device, the brake shoe head automatic adjustment device is used to adjust the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel;

[0027] The movement of the brake beam drives the end shaft to move, and the end shaft drives the brake shoe support to rotate around the brake shoe support, thereby driving the brake shoe to move, thereby braking or releasing the brakes on the vehicle. In addition, in the prior art, the brake shoe eccentric wear problem always exists in the brake shoe braking device of the railway freight car bogie (when the vehicle is braked, due to the gravity of the brake shoe support or the entire brake beam structure, a gravity moment is generated on the brake shoe support, and this gravity moment causes the top of the brake shoe support to move toward the wheel, while the bottom moves away from the wheel. The result of this movement often causes a small gap or virtual embrace between the brake shoe head and the wheel. In severe cases, it will cause the top of the brake shoe to "virtually embrace" the wheel, causing the brake shoe to "hit the head" and causing the eccentric wear phenomenon in which the top of the brake shoe is severely worn and the bottom is slowly worn). For this reason, the present application provides an automatic brake shoe head adjustment device for adjusting the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel to ensure that the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel at all locations is always uniform and stable in the region.

[0028] The automatic adjustment device for the brake shoe head includes a stop iron arranged at the bottom of the brake shoe support, a guide rod that movably passes through the stop iron, and the end of the guide rod close to the brake shoe support is connected to the brake shoe support, an elastic member is sleeved on the guide rod, and the elastic member is located on the side of the stop iron close to the brake shoe support; the connection position of the guide rod and the brake shoe support is located below the connection position of the brake shoe support and the brake shoe support; this scheme arranges a stop iron at the bottom of the brake shoe support, and allows a guide rod to movably pass through the stop iron, and the end of the guide rod close to the brake shoe support is connected to the brake shoe support, so that when the brake shoe support rotates, the guide rod can move linearly along its axis. An elastic member is sleeved on the guide rod, and the elastic member is located on the side of the stop iron close to the brake shoe support. When the brake shoe support rotates for braking, the elastic member is compressed, and when the braking is relieved, the elastic restoring force of the elastic member acts on the brake shoe support. Among them, the connection position of the guide rod and the brake shoe support is located below the connection position of the brake shoe support and the brake shoe support. This is to ensure that when the brake is released, the torque generated by the restoring force of the elastic part on the brake shoe support can overcome the torque generated by the gravity of the brake shoe support, thereby overcoming the "empty holding" or even "heading" phenomenon caused by the top of the shoe support moving toward the wheel and the bottom moving away from the wheel in the prior art, thereby solving the problem of uneven clearance between the top and bottom of the brake shoe and the wheel, avoiding eccentric wear of the brake shoe, significantly improving the reliability and safety of the suspended brake beam, and reducing the frequency of maintenance.

[0029] The elastic member is a compression spring, and spring pressure plates are arranged at both ends of the elastic member, and the spring pressure plates are slidably sleeved on the guide rod; one of the spring pressure plates is in contact with the stop iron, and the other spring pressure plate is limited by the positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly can move along the axis of the guide rod; the guide rod includes a threaded section close to the brake shoe support, and a light rod section away from the brake shoe support; the positioning assembly includes a locking nut and an adjusting nut matched with the threaded section, and the locking nut is located on the side of the adjusting nut away from the compression spring; this scheme ensures that the compression spring is always in a compressed state through the spring pressure plates at both ends, the spring pressure plate at one end of the compression spring is in contact with the stop iron and cannot pass through the stop iron, and the spring pressure plate at the other end of the compression spring is limited by the assembly, thereby ensuring the relative stability and reliability of the elastic member. When braking, the guide rod passes through the stop iron to make a linear motion. Due to the obstruction of the stop iron, the elastic member is further compressed to ensure the reset force after the brake is released. In addition, during normal driving without braking, since the elastic member is always in a compressed state, the elastic member will always provide a torque to the brake shoe support, which can eliminate the moment generated by the gravity of the brake shoe support, ensuring that the brake shoe will not be unevenly worn during normal driving of the railway freight car.

[0030] The threaded section on the guide rod matches the locking nut and the adjusting nut to ensure a stable threaded connection between the locking nut and the adjusting nut. The bare rod section facilitates the movement of the guide rod through the stop iron. In this solution, by adjusting the locking torque and position of the adjusting nut, different compression forces when the compression spring is compressed can be obtained according to the design requirements, thereby obtaining different spring restoring forces when the brake is relieved. In this way, according to the relationship between the center of gravity position of the brake shoe support and the center of rotation position of the brake shoe support, a suitable spring restoring force can be artificially set to make the top and bottom of the brake shoe support equivalent to the wheel clearance.

[0031] The stop iron is an angle iron, one side surface of the angle iron is in contact with the brake shoe support, and a through hole is provided on the other side surface, the through hole is used for the guide rod to pass through; the end of the guide rod away from the brake shoe support is detachably connected to a limiting piece, and the limiting piece cannot pass through the through hole; the limiting piece is used to prevent the guide rod from falling off from the stop iron, and the limiting piece is preferably a cotter pin.

[0032] The guide rod is connected to the brake shoe support through a fixed shaft, and the two ends of the fixed shaft are rotatably connected to the brake shoe support and the guide rod respectively; the brake shoe support is provided with a first pin hole and a second pin hole, the first pin hole is used to connect with the frame, and the second pin hole is used to connect with the brake shoe support pin. The fixed shaft can be connected to the brake shoe support and the guide rod through any existing rotation connection method; when the brake shoe support rotates, the fixed shaft is driven to move, thereby driving the guide rod to move. The brake shoe support is provided with a second pin hole, and the corresponding brake shoe support is provided with a circular through hole matching the second pin hole, so that the second pin holes of the brake shoe support can be aligned and installed together on the pin shaft at the end of the brake beam.

[0033] Further, the frame includes two mutually parallel side beams, two cross beams and two end beams connected between the two side beams, a longitudinal beam is arranged between the two cross beams, and the side beams, cross beams, longitudinal beams and / or end beams are box-type structures;

[0034] The side beam comprises an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and two side beam webs connected therebetween, the side beam web is provided with a second shock absorber mounting seat located outside the side beam, and the top of the vertical hydraulic shock absorbing device is mounted on the second shock absorber mounting seat; a lifting hole is provided on the side beam web located inside the side beam;

[0035] A guide column mounting seat is arranged on the lower cover plate of the side beam, and the guide column mounting seat is used for mounting an axle box suspension device.

[0036] The existing three-axle bogie frame has the problem of excessive deadweight. In this solution, the frame includes two side beams parallel to the vehicle running direction and arranged opposite to each other, two cross beams parallel to each other are arranged between the side beams, and a longitudinal beam for installing the lower center plate is arranged before the two cross beams. The longitudinal beam is perpendicular to the cross beam and parallel to the side beams; two end beams are also arranged between the side beams, the end beams are parallel to the cross beams, and the two ends of the end beams are respectively connected to the ends of the two side beams. The cross beams and end beams divide the inner area of ​​the two side beams into three parts, each of which is installed with a wheelset assembly and supporting parts.

[0037] The frame is an integral welded frame, that is, the side beams, cross beams, longitudinal beams and end beams are all connected by welding. Preferably, the welds between the side beams and the cross beams and end beams adopt a staggered weld structure. In one or more embodiments, the welds between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the side beams and the cross beams and end beams are designed as a straight plate overlap structure, so that the weld positions are staggered from the direct contact positions of the two beam frames. In one or more embodiments, the welds between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam adopt a staggered plate weld structure. By adopting a weld avoidance design or a secondary welding design for the parts with higher stress levels, the frame can not only realize the load-bearing function of the three-axle self-steering radial bogie, but also reasonably utilize space, simplify the frame structure, and reduce the production and manufacturing costs and maintenance and repair costs of the frame.

[0038] In the technical solution, at least one of the side beams, transverse beams, longitudinal beams and end beams adopts a steel plate welded box structure. The box structure includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and two webs connected between the upper and lower cover plates, and four plates are welded together to form the box structure of the beam frame. In some embodiments, in order to improve the strength and rigidity of the beam frame, according to the stress conditions inside the box structure, a partition is provided at a position with greater stress inside the beam frame. For example, partitions connected to the inner wall of the box structure can be provided at equal intervals in the straight section, and / or partitions can be added to the curved section to make the curved section have sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0039] Through the above-mentioned settings, the frame adopting the integral welded structure can not only better realize the axle box suspension structure of the bogie, reduce the unsprung weight of the bogie, and improve the running quality of the bogie, but also each beam member adopts a box-shaped structure welded by steel plates and steel sections. Partitions are arranged in the box body at places with greater stress according to the stress conditions to ensure that the frame has sufficient strength and rigidity. In addition, the welds at the parts where the side beams, cross beams, longitudinal beams and end beams are connected are all designed with staggered positions to avoid stress concentration areas, which can better improve the fatigue stress level of the frame and increase the fatigue life of the frame. In addition, the frame adopts a compact design, which not only ensures the function of the frame to bear the load, but also makes the frame structure compact, which can reduce the dead weight of the frame and thus reduce the dead weight of the bogie.

[0040] As a preferred structure of the side beam, the side beam includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and two side beam webs connected therebetween, and a shock absorber mounting seat located outside the side beam is arranged on the side beam web. The upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the two side beam webs connected therebetween are welded together to form a box-type structure of the side beam, and the welding points between the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the cross beam and the end beam are staggered weld structures, so that the welds are designed in the area with less stress on the beam. Partitions are arranged at different positions in the box-type structure to enhance the strength and rigidity of the side beam. Those skilled in the art can adjust the number and size of the partitions in the force-bearing area according to the specific shape of the box-type structure. In one or more embodiments, the partition is a V-shaped partition. A shock absorber mounting seat located outside the side beam, that is, outside the frame is arranged on the side beam web, and preferably, the shock absorber mounting seat is a mounting seat for a hydraulic shock absorber.

[0041] The side beam lower cover plate is provided with a guide column mounting seat, and the guide column mounting seat is used to install the axle box suspension device. The side beam lower cover plate is welded with a guide column mounting seat at the position where it cooperates with the axle box suspension device, wherein every two guide column mounting seats correspond to one axle box. In one or more embodiments, two guide column mounting seats are provided between the end beam and the cross beam, and between the cross beams, and the guide column mounting seats are provided on the inner side beam web, that is, located inside the frame.

[0042] A lifting hole is provided on the side beam web located at the inner side of the side beam. A lifting hole is provided on the side beam web at the axle box suspension matching positions at both ends.

[0043] As a preferred structure of the crossbeam, the crossbeam includes an upper crossbeam cover plate, a lower crossbeam cover plate, and two crossbeam webs connected therebetween, wherein the crossbeam webs are provided with push rod holes, and the push rod holes penetrate the two crossbeam webs. In the present technical solution, the crossbeam connecting the two side beams together is a box-type structure, which is welded by an upper crossbeam cover plate, a lower crossbeam cover plate, and two crossbeam webs connected therebetween. In some embodiments, a partition is provided in the box-type structure of the crossbeam to enhance the strength and rigidity of the crossbeam. A push rod hole is provided in the middle of the crossbeam between the two webs along the direction of the track, and when working, the pull rod of the basic brake device passes through the push rod hole to work. In one or more embodiments, brake shoe support hangers are welded on both sides of the lower crossbeam cover plate near the wheel position.

[0044] As a preferred structure of the longitudinal beam, the longitudinal beam includes an upper longitudinal beam cover plate, a lower longitudinal beam cover plate and two longitudinal beam webs connected therebetween, and the lower longitudinal beam cover plate is an arched structure. The longitudinal beam is a component connected to the load-bearing vehicle body, and the two beams are welded together along the track direction at the center of the two beams. In this technical solution, the longitudinal beam is a box-shaped structure welded by an upper longitudinal beam cover plate, a lower longitudinal beam cover plate and two longitudinal beam webs connected therebetween. In some embodiments, a partition is provided in the box-shaped structure to enhance the strength and rigidity of the beam. Since the longitudinal beam is located directly above the middle wheel axle of the bogie, affected by the height of the bogie center plate surface, the lower longitudinal beam cover plate must cross the middle axle when working, so the lower longitudinal beam cover plate is designed to be an arched structure, which not only ensures the height of the bogie center plate surface, but also improves the stress environment of the longitudinal beam, and ensures that the longitudinal beam has sufficient strength and rigidity in a smaller space structure. In some embodiments, the middle part of the upper longitudinal beam cover plate is used to install the lower center plate, and a steel pipe is designed to be welded at the center plate pin installation location.

[0045] Both ends of the lower cover plate of the longitudinal beam are straight sections, and the straight sections are used for welding with the lower cover plate of the transverse beam.

[0046] A reinforcing rib is arranged between the longitudinal beam upper cover plate and the longitudinal beam web plate, and the reinforcing rib further improves the strength and rigidity of the longitudinal beam.

[0047] The end beam includes a channel steel and a rib plate welded to the bottom of the channel steel. The end beam is a beam frame that connects two side beams transversely and is located at the end of the side beam. It is used to install the seat of the basic brake device of the bogie. It is made of channel steel after profiling and then reinforced by rib plates. In one or more embodiments, a fixed lever fulcrum seat is welded on the channel steel of the end beam. Preferably, brake shoe support seats are welded at both ends of the rib plate.

[0048] Further, the cross-connection device includes two cross-arranged connecting rods, two left axle boxes, two right axle boxes, two left connecting arms and two right connecting arms, the left connecting arm and the right connecting arm are both L-shaped box structures, and the two ends of the left connecting arm and the right connecting arm are respectively fixed ends and connecting ends; the connecting ends of the two left connecting arms are respectively connected to the two ends of one connecting rod, the connecting ends of the two right connecting arms are respectively connected to the two ends of another connecting rod, the fixed ends of the two left connecting arms are respectively connected to the two left axle boxes, and the fixed ends of the two right connecting arms are respectively connected to the two right axle boxes;

[0049] The side surfaces of the fixed ends of the left connecting arm and the right connecting arm are both facades, and a plurality of first facade holes are arranged on the facades. One side surface of the right axle box and the left axle box are both pedestal facades, and a plurality of second facade holes corresponding to the first facade holes are arranged on the pedestal facades. The right axle box and the right connecting arm are butt-connected with the pedestal facade through the facades, and the left axle box and the left connecting arm are butt-connected with the pedestal facade through the facades.

[0050] The cross-connection device is connected to a connecting arm on the traditional axle box for transition, so as to transition the installation position of the cross-connection rod of the wheelset radial device to a reasonable spatial position, which is convenient for the installation, maintenance and overhaul of the radial device while avoiding the interference between the wheelset radial device and other parts of the bogie due to its complex structure.

[0051] At the same time, the traditional axle box suspension bogie has a large axle box positioning rigidity, and the bogie's ability to pass curves is weak. When passing through a curve, the wheelset impacts the rail with great force, and the wheel-rail wear is serious. However, this device forms a radial wheel set device between the front and rear ends of the three-axle bogie, so that the bogie wheels and rails tend to the radial position when passing through the curve, which can effectively reduce the wheel-rail attack angle, reduce the noise of the wheels impacting the rails, and reduce the wear between the wheels and rails on the curve. Specifically, the side faces of the fixed ends of the left connecting arm and the right connecting arm are both facades, and a number of first facade holes are arranged on the facades. One side of the right axle box and the left axle box are both pedestal facades, and a number of second facade holes corresponding to the first facade holes are arranged on the pedestal facades. The right axle box and the right connecting arm are connected to each other through the facade and the pedestal facade, and the left axle box and the left connecting arm are connected to each other through the facade and the pedestal facade.

[0052] The left connecting arm is connected to one side of the left axle box by docking. The fixed end of the left connecting arm is the facade, and one side of the left axle box is the pedestal facade. When connected, the facade of the left connecting arm is docked with the pedestal facade of the left axle box. The first facade hole on the facade and the pedestal facade corresponds to the second facade hole, and they are connected by rivets. This not only makes up for the spatial position of the installation, but also effectively saves the installation space. By installing it on the vertical facade, the installation is more stable and the use efficiency is improved. Specifically, four first facade holes are provided on the facade, and four corresponding second facade holes are provided on the pedestal facade. The connection is connected by four rivets passing through the four first facade holes and the four second facade holes respectively, which can further improve the stability of the connection.

[0053] Furthermore, a third pin hole is provided on the connecting ends of the left connecting arm and the right connecting arm, and the left connecting arm and the right connecting arm are connected to the connecting rod through the third pin hole; the third pin hole is connected to the connecting rod through a connecting pin, and the connecting pin is elastic;

[0054] Grooves are provided at the cross intersections of the two connecting rods; the top surface of the connecting end of the left connecting arm is a horizontal surface, and the bottom surface is an inwardly concave arc surface; the top surface of the connecting end of the right connecting arm is an inwardly concave arc surface, and the bottom surface is a horizontal surface; the facade is connected to the facade of the pedestal through a second rivet; four first facade holes are provided on the facade, and four corresponding second facade holes are provided on the facade of the pedestal.

[0055] The third pin hole is connected to the connecting rod by a connecting pin, and the connecting pin is elastic. Such a connection mode can make the axle box flexible, and when performing curved motion, the connecting pin with elasticity can further buffer the parts of the device to avoid the interaction force between the parts.

[0056] When the device is in use, the two connecting rods are cross-arranged, and grooves are arranged at the cross-intersection of the two connecting rods, that is, the rod body at the cross position in the middle of the connecting rod is flattened, so that there is no interference at the cross position, further reducing the attack angle of the wheel set to the rail and reducing the wear between the wheel and the rail at the curve position.

[0057] Preferably, the top surface of the connecting end of the left connecting arm is a horizontal surface, and the bottom surface is an inwardly concave arc surface; the top surface of the connecting end of the right connecting arm is an inwardly concave arc surface, and the bottom surface is a horizontal surface. Such a setting can further reduce the interference between parts during movement and further reduce wear.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0059] 1. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie of the present invention fully meets the requirements of the three-axle bogie, has a simple and compact structure, and is easy to manufacture; the axle box can be elastically positioned while obtaining reasonable three-dimensional stiffness; the axle box cross-connection device is adopted, which not only ensures that the vehicle has a high critical speed of snaking instability when running in a straight line, but also enables the vehicle to pass through the curve smoothly, reducing wheel-rail wear and vehicle noise when passing through the curve. The present invention can improve the reliability and safety of the three-axle bogie, reduce the maintenance cost of the bogie, and improve the economic benefits of the vehicle operation department.

[0060] 2. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axis welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie of the present invention adopts an axle box structure with a split load-bearing saddle, which can simplify the processing difficulty of the matching part between the axle box and the rolling bearing. A wear plate is arranged at the matching part between the top of the load-bearing saddle and the axle box to avoid direct contact wear between the top of the axle box and the load-bearing saddle. The special three-dimensional stiffness anisotropy of the buffer pad is also utilized to obtain different positioning stiffness values ​​in the transverse and longitudinal directions, thereby overcoming the disadvantage that the traditional wedge block and Lijole positioning methods of freight cars have excessive stiffness, resulting in more serious wear during vehicle use, and at the same time can attenuate the vibration of the vehicle during operation.

[0061] 3. The axle box guide column positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie of the present invention takes into account that the stress environment of the middle axle of the three-axle bogie is different from that of the two end axles, so that the middle axle does not participate in the implementation of the radial function and braking function of the bogie, thereby solving the problem of the prior art that the three axles are involved in braking at the same time, resulting in a complex overall structure of the braking device, high manufacturing and maintenance costs, and difficult processes. The mechanical structure of the basic braking device in this application is simple and the transmission efficiency is high. The two sets of transmission structures form a double pull rod structure, which can make the basic braking device structure layout adapt to the structural form of the three-axle bogie and make full and reasonable use of the structural space position of the three-axle bogie.

[0062] 4. The axle box guide column positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie of the present invention utilizes the relative movement characteristics of the brake shoe support and the brake shoe support during vehicle braking and brake release, and installs a compression spring between the brake shoe support and the brake shoe support to make full use of the restoring characteristics of the spring to make the clearance between the brake shoe and the wheel tend to be consistent when the vehicle brakes and releases the working condition, thereby solving the problem of "head" eccentric wear of the brake shoe of the traditional hanging brake beam.

[0063] 5. The axle box guide column positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie of the present invention adopts an integrally welded structure frame, which can not only better realize the axle box suspension structure of the bogie, reduce the unsprung weight of the bogie, and improve the running quality of the bogie, but also each beam member is a box-shaped structure welded by steel plates and steel sections, and partitions are arranged in the box body at places with greater stress according to the stress conditions, so as to ensure that the frame has sufficient strength and rigidity; the welds at the parts where the side beams, cross beams, longitudinal beams and end beams of the frame are connected are all designed with staggered design to avoid stress concentration areas, which can better improve the fatigue stress level of the frame and increase the fatigue life of the frame; it not only ensures the function of the frame to bear the load, but also makes the frame structure compact, which can reduce the dead weight of the frame and thus reduce the dead weight of the bogie; the lower cover plate of the longitudinal beam is an arched structure, which not only ensures the center plate height of the bogie, but also improves the stress environment of the longitudinal beam, so as to ensure that the longitudinal beam has sufficient strength and rigidity in a smaller space structure.

[0064] 6. The cross-connection device of the axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie of the present invention makes the bogie wheels and rails tend to the radial position when passing through the curve, which can effectively reduce the wheel-rail attack angle, reduce the noise of the wheel impacting the rail, and reduce the wear between the wheel and the rail on the curve. At the same time, the cross-connection device uses the riveted connecting arm on the traditional axle box to transition the installation position of the cross-connection rod to a reasonable spatial position, which is conducive to the installation and maintenance of the radial device, and at the same time avoids the interference of the wheel pair radial device with other parts of the bogie due to its complex structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, constitute a part of this application, and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0066] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 2 A bottom view of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an axle box suspension device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0069] Figure 4 A half-section schematic diagram of an axle box suspension device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0070] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a foundation brake device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0071] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a brake beam in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0072] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a brake assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0073] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the brake shoe support in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0074] Fig. 9 It is a partial schematic diagram of the brake shoe head automatic adjustment device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0075] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the brake shoe head automatic adjustment device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0076] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of the framework in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0077] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of a frame side beam in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0078] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a frame beam in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0079] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a longitudinal beam of a frame in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0080] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the frame end beam in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0081] Fig.16 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cross-connection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0082] Fig.17 It is a structural schematic diagram of the right axle box of the cross-connection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0083] Fig.18 It is a structural schematic diagram of the left connecting arm of the cross-connecting device in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0084] Fig.19 It is a schematic structural diagram of the right connecting arm of the cross-connection device in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Marks and corresponding parts names in the attached drawings:

[0086] 1-brake beam, 2-fixed lever fulcrum, 3-fixed lever, 4-bow pull rod, 5-middle lever, 6-straight pull rod, 7-traveling lever, 8-brake shoe head automatic adjustment device, 9-brake shoe, 10-brake shoe support, 11-brake shoe support, 12-end shaft, 13-pillar, 14-stop iron, 15-flat cotter pin, 16-brake shoe latch, 17-guide rod, 18-elastic part, 19-spring pressure plate, 20-locking nut, 21-adjusting nut, 22-through hole, 23-limiting part, 24 -fixed shaft, 25-first pin hole, 26-second pin hole, 27-guide column assembly, 28-axle box spring, 29-wear plate, 30-load bearing saddle, 31-axle box, 32-first rivet, 33-radial mechanism connecting arm, 34-guide column assembly, 35-elastic positioning sleeve, 36-block cover, 37-block cover fastening bolt, 38-guide column ring, 39-buffer pad, 40-positioning seat assembly, 41-first shock absorber mounting seat, 42-side beam, 43-cross beam, 44-longitudinal beam, 45- End beam, 46-side beam lower cover, 47-guide column mounting seat, 48-side beam web, 49-lifting hole, 50-second shock absorber mounting seat, 51-side beam upper cover, 52-cross beam lower cover, 53-brake shoe support hanger, 54-pull rod hole, 55-cross beam web, 56-cross beam upper cover, 57-longitudinal beam lower cover, 58-longitudinal beam upper cover, 59-longitudinal beam web, 60-strengthening rib, 61-channel steel, 62-rib plate, 63-fixed lever fulcrum seat, 64-left axle box; 65- Right axle box; 66-left connecting arm; 67-right connecting arm; 68-second rivet; 69-connecting rod; 70-connecting pin; 71-spring bearing platform; 72-bearing platform facade; 73-second facade hole; 74-fixed end; 75-connecting end; 76-facade; 77-first facade hole; 78-third pin hole, 79-frame, 80-wheel set assembly, 81-axle box suspension device, 82-basic braking device, 83-cross-connecting device, 84-gap side bearing, 85-vertical hydraulic vibration reduction device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0087] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their description are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0088] [Example 1]:

[0089] like Figure 1 and Figure 2The axle box guide column positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie shown includes a frame 79, three sets of wheel set assemblies 80 matching the frame 79, both ends of the main shaft of the wheel set assembly 80 are matched with axle box suspension devices 81, and also include basic braking devices 82 for braking the wheel set assembly 80, the main shafts of the wheel set assemblies 80 located on both sides are end shafts, and the four axle box suspension devices 81 corresponding to the two end shafts are connected by a cross connection device 83, and vertical hydraulic vibration reduction devices 85 are installed between the four axle box suspension devices 81 corresponding to the two end shafts and the frame 79; clearance side bearings 84 are arranged on both sides of the frame 79 along the track direction.

[0090] The wheel rim of the wheelset assembly 80 located in the middle is thinner than the other wheelset rims, and the middle wheelset is not equipped with the vertical hydraulic vibration reduction device 85. In this embodiment, the wheel tread profile of the wheelset assembly 80 located in the middle is specially processed, and the thickness of its rim is thinner than the standard wheel rims of the wheelsets at both ends, so as to ensure that the middle wheelset has a suitable lateral clearance when the vehicle passes through a curve.

[0091] The frame 79 in this embodiment is an integrally welded frame, which is welded by various steel sections and plates, and various hangers and mounting seats are welded at specific positions. The crossbeam structure of the integrally welded frame is provided with a passage for the double pull rods of the basic brake device to pass through.

[0092] The axle box suspension device adopts a dry friction guide column axle box positioning method, and is loaded with metal coil springs. In order to facilitate the three-axle bogie intermediate axle to have a reasonable wheel weight increase (decrease) rate, in addition to thinning the wheel rims of the intermediate wheels, the metal coil spring stiffness of the middle dry friction guide column axle box suspension device is also slightly smaller than that of the two ends, and the free height is slightly lower than the springs on both sides.

[0093] The four axle box suspension devices of the two end axles are all installed with vertical hydraulic vibration reduction devices 85 on the outside, and the middle axle is not provided with a vertical hydraulic vibration reduction device. The vertical hydraulic vibration reduction device is installed in a manner that the installation angle along the longitudinal section of the axle is 0°, and only vertical damping is provided.

[0094] A gap side bearing is set on the integral welded frame along the track direction. The gap side bearing is a double cylindrical rigid roller structure. The side bearing box and the integral welded frame can be connected by welding, or by bolts or rivets. When the vehicle is running in a straight line, the center plate is independently loaded; when the vehicle passes through a curve, the center plate and the gap side bearing on the inner side of the curve are loaded at the same time, and the center plate and the gap side bearing provide a suitable rotation resistance torque when passing through the curve.

[0095] [Example 2]:

[0096] Based on the first embodiment, the axle box suspension device 81 is as follows Figure 3-4As shown, it includes an axle box 31 for cooperating with a rolling bearing, an axle box spring 28 matched with the axle box 31, a bearing saddle 30 can be detachably connected to the axle box 31, the axle box 31 and the bearing saddle 30 together surround the mounting position of the rolling bearing, and a plurality of wear plates 29 are installed on the top of the bearing saddle 30; it also includes a guide column assembly assembly arranged on both sides of the axle box 31, and the axle box spring 28 is located in the guide column assembly assembly. The guide column assembly assembly includes a guide column assembly 27 for installation on a welding frame, a guide column assembly 34 fixed under the guide column assembly 27, and an elastic positioning sleeve 35 fixed under the guide column assembly 34; it also includes a positioning seat assembly 40 located on the axle box 31, an annular buffer pad 39 is sleeved on the positioning seat assembly 40, a guide column ring 38 is installed on the buffer pad 39, and the axle box spring 28 is located in the guide column ring 38; a friction pair is formed between the elastic positioning sleeve 35 and the positioning seat assembly 40.

[0097] The positioning seat is cylindrical in shape as a whole, and has a flange at the bottom to provide an installation position for the buffer pad and the guide column ring.

[0098] This embodiment adopts dry friction guide post positioning and metal round spring bearing mode, the axle box adopts a separate structure of box body and bearing saddle, and the axle box is provided with a first shock absorber mounting seat and a radial mechanism connecting arm. Specifically, it includes a guide post assembly 27, an axle box spring 28, a bearing saddle wear plate (or elastic rubber pad) 29, a bearing saddle 30, an axle box 31, a first rivet 32, and a cross rod connecting arm 33.

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, the guide column assembly 27 is characterized in that the guide column component 34 is installed on the welding frame, the other end is inserted into the elastic positioning sleeve 35, and the guide column component 34 and the elastic positioning sleeve 35 are fixed in the axial direction by the cover fastening bolt 37 and the cover 36, and then inserted into the positioning seat component 40, and the positioning seat component 40 is located on the bearing surface of the axle box spring 28 of the axle box 31. After the annular buffer pad 39 is installed on the bottom circumferential platform of the positioning seat component 40, the guide column ring 38 is installed, and the axle box spring 28 is located in the guide column ring 38. The buffer pad 39 is a non-metallic elastic element that can produce shear deformation in different directions to achieve elastic positioning.

[0100] The elastic positioning sleeve 35 matched with the guide column forms a friction pair with the contact surface of the positioning seat assembly 40. The friction surface of the positioning seat assembly 40 is made of wear-resistant material, has self-lubricating properties, can work for a long time without lubrication, has good corrosion resistance and wear resistance, and has a low friction coefficient, and basically does not wear the metal shell of the matched elastic positioning sleeve 35. By designing the technical parameters of the buffer pad 39, the appropriate longitudinal and lateral stiffness of the axle box suspension device can be obtained.

[0101] The installation part where the axle box 31 and the rolling bearing cooperate is designed in a split type, and a certain small gap is left between the load saddle 30 and the axle box 31 in the longitudinal and transverse directions for easy installation. A rigid wear plate 29 is installed on the top of the load saddle 30 (if the vertical space for the bogie to be equipped with the car body is sufficient, it can also be designed as an elastic rubber pad). The axle box 31 is fixedly connected to the radial mechanism connecting arm 33 by a first rivet 32 ​​on the vertical surface close to the center direction of the bogie. When the bogie is assembled, the diagonal axle boxes of the two end shafts of the bogie are connected in pairs to form the wheel pair radial device of the bogie, which can reduce the wheel-rail impact angle when the bogie passes through a curve, thereby reducing the wear of the wheel and rail and the noise generated by the wheel-rail impact when passing through a curve.

[0102] A first shock absorber mounting seat 41 is provided on the axle box 31. When the bogie is assembled, it is used to install a vertical hydraulic shock absorbing device 85 with suitable damping parameters between the axle box 31 and the bogie frame, which can effectively attenuate the vehicle running vibration.

[0103] [Example 3]:

[0104] On the basis of Example 1, the basic braking device is as follows Figures 5 to 10 As shown, the brakes are suspended on both sides of the wheelsets at both ends, the plate beam brake beam has a double-pull rod structure, and the middle wheelset has no brakes.

[0105] It includes a plate-beam brake beam 1, a fixed lever fulcrum 2, a fixed lever 3, a bow-shaped pull rod 4, an intermediate lever 5, a straight pull rod 6, a floating lever 7, an automatic brake shoe head adjustment device 8, a high-friction composite brake shoe 9, a brake shoe support 10, and a brake shoe support hoist 11.

[0106] The main beam of the brake beam 1 is a straight plate brake beam with a plate structure. There are two pillars 13 symmetrically riveted on both sides of the center position of the straight plate brake beam, and end shafts 12 are welded along the longitudinal surfaces of the two end faces; the brake shoe support 10 is a casting structure, and its back is a double-walled web groove structure. A circular through hole is opened in the middle of the two webs, and it is connected to the end shaft 12 through this hole. At the same time, a brake shoe supporting component 11 is installed between the two web holes, and the end shaft 12 also passes through the middle hole of the brake shoe supporting component 11. Then a flat cotter pin 15 is inserted into the square groove at the end of the end shaft 12 to position the parts as mentioned above; the brake shoe 9 is installed on the brake shoe support 10 through the brake shoe latch 16.

[0107] The brake shoe support 11 is an "L"-shaped forged structure, with a mounting hole for mounting on the frame at the top, a hole connected to the brake shoe support 10 in the middle, and a stopper 17 for mounting the brake shoe head automatic adjustment device 8 welded on the bottom rod. The brake shoe head automatic adjustment device 8 is a spring push rod structure, which can effectively avoid uneven thickness wear caused by uneven gap between the high-friction synthetic brake shoe 9 and the wheel during operation.

[0108] In addition, since the two-side brake shoe brakes are used on the two axles of the three-axle bogie, the tie rods connecting the two brake beams 1 of the same axle must cross the end axles, and the tie rods connecting the brake beams 1 between the front and rear axles must cross the two crossbeam structures of the frame. In order to make full use of the space, the tie rods crossing the end axles are designed as bow tie rods 4 to prevent interference with the axles during operation; and the tie rods crossing the crossbeam structure of the frame are designed as straight tie rods 6.

[0109] In order to prevent the change space of the straight pull rod 6 from being too large during the operation of the basic brake device, the length of the intermediate lever 5 is relatively shortened, but the ratio of the distance between the three holes on it is kept consistent with that of the fixed lever 3 and the floating lever 7 to ensure a uniform braking ratio. Specifically:

[0110] The fixed lever 3, the intermediate lever 5 and the floating lever 7 are all provided with an upper pin hole, a middle pin hole and a lower pin hole; wherein:

[0111] The upper pin hole of the fixed lever 3 is used for pin connection with the fixed lever fulcrum 2, the middle pin hole of the fixed lever 3 is used for pin connection with the bow-shaped pull rod 4, and the lower pin hole of the fixed lever 3 is used for pin connection with the corresponding support 13;

[0112] The upper pin hole of the middle lever 5 is used for pin connection with the straight pull rod 6, the middle pin hole of the middle lever 5 is used for pin connection with the bow pull rod 4, and the lower pin hole of the middle lever 5 is used for pin connection with the corresponding support 13;

[0113] The upper pin hole of the traveling lever 7 is a free end, the middle pin hole of the traveling lever 7 is used for pin connection with the bow-shaped pull rod 4 , and the lower pin hole of the traveling lever 7 is used for pin connection with the corresponding support 13 .

[0114] Among them, the length of the middle lever 5 is smaller than that of the fixed lever 3 and the floating lever 7; and the distance ratios among the upper pin hole, the middle pin hole and the lower pin hole on the fixed lever 3, the middle lever 5 and the floating lever 7 are the same.

[0115] The key technology of this embodiment is to adopt double-sided brake shoe brakes on the suspended axles at both ends, no brake on the middle axle, plate beam brake beam, double tie rod structure, the tie rods at both ends are bow-shaped structures, and the middle tie rod is a straight rod structure. A gap adjustment device is installed between each brake shoe support and the brake shoe support to prevent the brake shoe from hitting the head. In the basic braking device of the three-axle bogie, each brake rod system can make full use of the bogie space, effectively implement braking and relief, and realize a large flexible space for the interface with the upper part of the car body.

[0116] The brake assembly of this embodiment includes an end shaft 12 fixed at both ends of a brake beam 1, and the brake assembly includes a brake shoe support 10 rotatably connected to the end shaft 12, a brake shoe support 11 rotatably connected to the brake shoe support 10, a brake shoe 9 installed on the brake shoe support 10, and an automatic brake shoe head adjustment device 8, which is used to adjust the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel.

[0117] The brake shoe head automatic adjustment device 8 includes a stop iron 14 arranged at the bottom of the brake shoe support 11, a guide rod 17 movably passing through the stop iron 14, and the end of the guide rod 17 close to the brake shoe support 10 is connected to the brake shoe support 10, an elastic member 18 is sleeved on the guide rod 17, and the elastic member 18 is located on the side of the stop iron 14 close to the brake shoe support 10; the connection position of the guide rod 17 and the brake shoe support 10 is located below the connection position of the brake shoe support 11 and the brake shoe support 10. The elastic member 18 is a compression spring, and spring pressure plates 19 are arranged at both ends of the elastic member 18, and the spring pressure plates 19 are slidably sleeved on the guide rod 17; one of the spring pressure plates 19 is in contact with the stop iron 14, and the other spring pressure plate 19 is limited by a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly can move along the axis of the guide rod 17; the guide rod 17 includes a threaded section close to the brake shoe support 10, and a smooth rod section away from the brake shoe support 10; the positioning assembly includes a locking nut 20 and an adjusting nut 21 matched with the threaded section, and the locking nut 20 is located on the side of the adjusting nut 21 away from the compression spring.

[0118] The stopper 14 is an angle iron, one side surface of the angle iron is in contact with the brake shoe support 11, and the other side surface is provided with a through hole 22, the through hole 22 is used for the guide rod 17 to pass through; the end of the guide rod 17 away from the brake shoe support 10 is detachably connected to a limiter 23, and the limiter 23 cannot pass through the through hole 22. The guide rod 17 is connected to the brake shoe support 10 through a fixed shaft 24, and the two ends of the fixed shaft 24 are rotatably connected to the brake shoe support 10 and the guide rod 17 respectively. The brake shoe support 11 is provided with a first pin hole 25 and a second pin hole 26, the first pin hole 13 is used to connect with the frame, and the second pin hole 14 is used to pin the brake shoe support 10. Among them, the limiter 23 is a cotter pin.

[0119] By adjusting the locking torque and position of the adjusting nut 21, different compression forces of the compression spring when compressed can be obtained according to design requirements, thereby obtaining different spring restoring forces when the brake is released. In this way, according to the relationship between the center of gravity position of the brake shoe support 10 and the rotation center position of the brake shoe support 11, a suitable spring restoring force can be selected to make the top and bottom of the brake shoe support 10 equivalent to the wheel clearance.

[0120] When the vehicle brakes, the brake shoe support 11 and the brake shoe support 10 rotate relative to each other, and the length of the compression spring between the adjustment nut 21, the locking nut 20 and the stop iron 14 is compressed; when the vehicle brakes are released, such as Figure 4 As shown, due to the restoring force generated by the compression spring, this restoring force generates a torque M2 on the lower side of the center of gravity of the brake shoe support 10 in the opposite direction to the torque M1 generated by gravity, thereby causing the bottom of the brake shoe support 10 to move toward the direction close to the wheel and the head to move away from the wheel. In this way, the gaps between the various parts of the brake shoe support 10 and the wheel tend to be balanced, avoiding the phenomenon of "head-on" eccentric wear of the brake shoe due to the top of the brake shoe being pressed against the wheel due to the action of gravity, resulting in severe wear on the top of the brake shoe.

[0121] The assembly method of this embodiment includes:

[0122] S1, pinning the brake shoe support 10 and the brake shoe support 11, and connecting the top of the brake shoe support 11 to the frame;

[0123] S2, assembling the elastic member 18 on the guide rod 17, and adjusting the initial length of the elastic member 18;

[0124] S3, make the tail of the guide rod 17 pass through the stop iron 14, and press the elastic member 18 against the stop iron 14;

[0125] S4, connecting the head of the guide rod 17 to the brake shoe support 10.

[0126] The step of assembling the elastic member 18 on the guide rod 17 includes:

[0127] S201, sleeve the compression spring onto the guide rod 17 through two spring pressure plates 8;

[0128] S202, screwing the adjusting nut 21 and the locking nut 20 into the threaded section of the head of the guide rod 17 in sequence, controlling the position of the adjusting nut 21, and pressing the compression spring against the stop iron 14 to adjust the initial length of the compression spring;

[0129] S203 , fasten the locking nut 20 to the outside of the adjusting nut 21 to fix the position of the adjusting nut 21 .

[0130] Preferably, the step of connecting the head of the guide rod 17 to the brake shoe support 10 includes: inserting the fixed shaft 24 into the round hole of the head of the guide rod 17, pinning the fixed shaft 24 and the guide rod 17 with a washer and a cotter pin, and then inserting the other end of the fixed shaft 24 into the small hole at the bottom of the web of the brake shoe support 10 for pinning.

[0131] This embodiment utilizes the relative movement characteristics of the brake shoe support 10 and the brake shoe support 11 during vehicle braking and brake release, and installs a compression spring between the brake shoe support 10 and the brake shoe support 11, making full use of the elastic restoring force of the spring to make the gap between the brake shoe 10 and the wheel tend to be consistent during vehicle brake release conditions, thereby solving the problem of "head" eccentric wear of the brake shoe of the traditional hanging brake beam. This embodiment has a simple and compact structure, a small number of parts, and is easy to manufacture, install, and repair. This embodiment can improve the reliability and safety of the hanging brake beam, especially reduce the hidden dangers to driving safety caused by eccentric wear of the brake shoe. At the same time, it can reduce the monitoring frequency and maintenance frequency of the use of the bogie brake shoe, reduce the wear rate of the brake shoe, and improve the economic benefits of the vehicle operation department.

[0132] [Example 4]:

[0133] Based on Example 1, the framework is as follows Figures 11 to 15 As shown, it includes two parallel side beams 42, two cross beams 43 and two end beams 45 connected between the two side beams 42, a longitudinal beam 44 is arranged between the two cross beams 43, and the side beams 42, the cross beams 43, the longitudinal beams 44 and / or the end beams 45 are box-type structures.

[0134] In this embodiment, the frame is an integral welded frame, that is, the side beams, cross beams, longitudinal beams and end beams are all connected by welding. In one or more embodiments, the welding points between the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the side beam and the cross beam and the end beam are designed as a straight plate overlap structure, so that the weld positions are staggered from the direct contact positions of the two beam frames. In one or more embodiments, the welding parts of the upper cover plate and the lower cover plate of the cross beam and the longitudinal beam adopt a plate weld staggered structure. By adopting a weld avoidance design or a secondary welding design for the parts with higher stress levels, the frame can not only realize the load-bearing function of the three-axis self-steering radial bogie, but also reasonably utilize space, simplify the frame structure, and reduce the production and manufacturing costs and maintenance and repair costs of the frame.

[0135] In this embodiment, at least one of the side beams, transverse beams, longitudinal beams and end beams adopts a steel plate welded box structure. The box structure includes an upper cover plate, a lower cover plate and two webs connected between the upper and lower cover plates, and four plates are welded together to form the box structure of the beam frame. In some embodiments, in order to improve the strength and rigidity of the beam frame, according to the stress conditions inside the box structure, a partition is provided at a location with greater stress inside the beam frame. For example, partitions connected to the inner wall of the box structure can be provided at equal intervals in the straight section, and / or partitions can be added to the curved section to make the curved section have sufficient strength and rigidity.

[0136] The frame of the embodiment adopts an integrally welded structure, which can not only better realize the axle box suspension structure of the bogie, reduce the unsprung weight of the bogie, and improve the running quality of the bogie, but also each beam member adopts a box-shaped structure welded by steel plates and steel sections, and partitions are arranged in the box body at places with greater stress according to the stress conditions, so as to ensure that the frame has sufficient strength and rigidity. In addition, the welds at the parts where the side beams, cross beams, longitudinal beams and end beams are connected are all designed with staggered positions to avoid stress concentration areas, which can better improve the fatigue stress level of the frame and increase the fatigue life of the frame. In addition, the frame adopts a compact design, which not only ensures the function of the frame to bear the load, but also makes the frame structure compact, which can reduce the dead weight of the frame and thus reduce the dead weight of the bogie.

[0137] Preferably, the side beam 42 is a box-type structure, which includes a side beam upper cover plate 51 , a side beam lower cover plate 46 and two side beam web plates 48 connected therebetween. The four plates are welded together to form the box-type structure of the side beam 42 .

[0138] In one or more embodiments, a second shock absorber mounting seat 50 is disposed on the side beam web 48 and is located outside the side beam 42 .

[0139] In one or more embodiments, a guide post mounting seat 47 is provided on the side beam lower cover plate 46, and the guide post mounting seat 47 is used to install the axle box suspension device. Every two guide post mounting seats 47 correspond to one axle box. In one or more embodiments, two guide post mounting seats 47 are provided between the end beam and the cross beam, and between the cross beams, and the guide post mounting seats 47 are provided on the inner side beam web, that is, located inside the frame.

[0140] In one or more embodiments, a lifting hole 49 is formed on the side beam web 48 located on the inner side of the side beam 42 .

[0141] In one or more embodiments, the partition is a V-shaped partition.

[0142] Preferably, the cross beam 43 is a box-shaped structure, which includes a cross beam upper cover plate 56, a cross beam lower cover plate 52, and two cross beam webs 55 connected therebetween. The four plates are welded together to form the box-shaped structure of the cross beam 43.

[0143] In one or more embodiments, the cross beam web 55 is provided with a push rod hole 13, and the push rod hole 13 passes through the two cross beam webs 55. When working, the pull rod of the basic brake device passes through the push rod hole 13 to work. In one or more embodiments, brake shoe hangers are welded on both sides of the cross beam lower cover plate near the wheel position.

[0144] Preferably, the longitudinal beam 44 is a box-shaped structure. The longitudinal beam 44 includes a longitudinal beam upper cover plate 58, a longitudinal beam lower cover plate 57, and two longitudinal beam webs 59 connected therebetween, and the longitudinal beam lower cover plate 57 is an arched structure.

[0145] In this embodiment, the longitudinal beam lower cover plate 57 with an arched structure not only ensures the center plate height of the bogie, but also improves the stress environment of the longitudinal beam, ensuring that the longitudinal beam has sufficient strength and rigidity in a small space structure. The two ends of the longitudinal beam lower cover plate 57 are straight sections, which are used to be welded with the cross beam lower cover plate 52.

[0146] In one or more embodiments, a reinforcing rib 60 is disposed between the longitudinal beam upper cover plate 58 and the longitudinal beam web plate 59 .

[0147] In one or more embodiments, the middle portion of the longitudinal beam upper cover plate 58 is used to install the lower center plate, and a steel pipe is designed to be welded at the center plate pin installation location.

[0148] Preferably, the end beam 45 includes a channel steel 61 and a rib plate 62 welded to the bottom of the channel steel 61. In this embodiment, the rib plate 62 is added to the bottom of the profiled channel steel 61 for reinforcement and welding to form a box-shaped structure of the end beam 45.

[0149] In one or more embodiments, a fixed lever fulcrum seat 63 is welded to the channel steel 61 of the end beam 45 . Preferably, brake shoe support seats 53 are welded to both ends of the rib plate 62 .

[0150] [Example 5]:

[0151] Based on Example 1, the cross-connection device is as follows Figure 16 to Figure 19 As shown, it includes two cross-arranged connecting rods 69, two left axle boxes 64, two right axle boxes 65, two left connecting arms 66 and two right connecting arms 67. The left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67 are both L-shaped box structures. The two ends of the left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67 are respectively fixed ends 74 and connecting ends 75; the connecting ends 75 of the two left connecting arms 66 are respectively connected to the two ends of one connecting rod 69, and the connecting ends 75 of the two right connecting arms 67 are respectively connected to the two ends of another connecting rod 69, the fixed ends 74 of the two left connecting arms 66 are respectively connected to the two left axle boxes 64, and the fixed ends 74 of the two right connecting arms 67 are respectively connected to the two right axle boxes 65.

[0152] The two left axle boxes 64 and the two right axle boxes 65 located at the diagonal corners of the bogie are elastically connected together by two connecting rods 69 to form a cross structure. The wheel sets and axle boxes of the front and rear end axles are connected to form a wheel set radial device through the above structure. When the vehicle passes through a curve, under the action of the two cross-arranged connecting rods, the bogie wheels and the curved rails can be in a radial position to improve the bogie's curve passing ability, reduce wheel-rail wear and reduce wheel-rail impact noise.

[0153] At the same time, the left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67 can make the installation position of the cross-connecting rod of the wheelset radial device transition to the external position, which is beneficial to the installation and maintenance of the radial device and avoids the interference between the wheelset radial device and other parts of the bogie. The vertical plane is a vertical plane, and the plane where the vertical plane is located is perpendicular to the connecting arm.

[0154] The side surfaces of the fixed ends 74 of the left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67 are both vertical surfaces 76, and four first vertical holes 77 are arranged on the vertical surfaces 76. The right axle box 65 and the left axle box 64 are integrally cast structures, and one side surface of the right axle box 65 and the left axle box 64 is a support vertical surface 72, and four second vertical holes 73 corresponding to the first vertical holes 77 are arranged on the support vertical surface 72. Taking the right axle box 65 as an example, the structure of the right axle box is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the spring bearing platform 71 on the right axle box 65 is cast with a bearing platform vertical surface 72 for installing the connecting arm on the center side of the bogie.

[0155] The right axle box 65 and the right connecting arm 67 are connected to the pedestal pedestal 72 via the vertical surface 76, and the left axle box 64 and the left connecting arm 66 are connected to the pedestal pedestal 72 via the vertical surface 76. The vertical surface 76 and the pedestal pedestal 72 are connected via the second rivet 68.

[0156] A third pin hole 78 is provided on the connecting end 75 of the left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67, and the left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67 are both connected to the connecting rod 69 through the third pin hole 78. The third pin hole 78 is connected to the connecting rod 69 through a connecting pin 70, and the connecting pin 70 is elastic. In this embodiment, the connecting pin is an elastic cylindrical pin.

[0157] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the structure of the left connecting arm 66 is as follows Figure 3 As shown, the structure of the right connecting arm 67 is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67 are integrally cast box structures, and the outer shape is L-shaped. The fixed end 74 is provided with a vertical surface 76 that is connected to the left axle box 64 and the right axle box 65, and four first vertical holes 77 are also opened on it.

[0158] During assembly, the vertical surfaces of the left connecting arm 66 and the left axle box 64, and the right connecting arm 67 and the right axle box 65 are butted against the vertical surface 72 of the support platform, and then fixed with four second rivets 68. The connecting ends 75 of the left connecting arm 66 and the right connecting arm 67 are perpendicular to the rails, and the connecting ends 75 are provided with third pin holes 78.

[0159] The positions of the third pin holes 78 at the connecting ends of the left and right connecting arms transition from a box-shaped structure to a straight plate structure, with the left connecting arm 66 being a straight plate on the top surface, and the right connecting arm 67 being a straight plate on the bottom surface.

[0160] The two ends of a connecting rod are respectively connected to the connecting ends 75 of the two left connecting arms, and the fixed ends of the two left connecting arms are respectively connected to the two left axle boxes. The two ends of another connecting rod are respectively connected to the connecting ends 75 of the two right connecting arms, and the fixed ends of the two right connecting arms are respectively connected to the two right axle boxes. The two connecting rods are cross-arranged to form a bogie radial mechanism. The connecting rod and the connecting arm are connected by connecting pins with certain elasticity, so that the axle box has certain flexibility. On the basis of Example 2, the cross intersections of the two connecting rods 69 are both provided with grooves, that is, the rod bodies at the cross position in the middle of the connecting rods are flattened. When installed, the flattened positions of the two connecting rods 69 are arranged facing each other, which can avoid contact or interference between the two connecting rods 69.

[0161] The top surface of the connection end 75 of the left connection arm 66 is a horizontal surface, and the bottom surface is an inwardly concave arc surface; the top surface of the connection end 75 of the right connection arm 67 is an inwardly concave arc surface, and the bottom surface is a horizontal surface.

[0162] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0163] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In addition, the term "connected" used in this article can be directly connected or indirectly connected via other components without special explanation.

Claims

1. An axle box guide column positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie, comprising a frame (79), three sets of wheel set assemblies (80) matched with the frame (79), both ends of the main shaft of the wheel set assembly (80) are matched with axle box suspension devices (81), and also includes a basic braking device (82) for braking the wheel set assembly (80), characterized in that: The main shafts of the wheel set assemblies (80) located on both sides are end shafts, and the four axle box suspension devices (81) corresponding to the two end shafts are connected by a cross connection device (83), and vertical hydraulic vibration reduction devices (85) are installed between the four axle box suspension devices (81) corresponding to the two end shafts and the frame (79); clearance side bearings (84) are arranged on both sides of the frame (79) along the track direction; The axle box suspension device (81) comprises an axle box (31) for matching with the rolling bearing in the wheelset assembly (80), an axle box spring (28) matched with the axle box (31), the axle box (31) is detachably connected to the load-bearing saddle (30), the axle box (31) and the load-bearing saddle (30) together surround and form a mounting position for the rolling bearing, and a plurality of wear plates (29) are installed on the top of the load-bearing saddle (30); it also comprises a guide column assembly assembly arranged on both sides of the axle box (31), the axle box spring (28) is located in the guide column assembly assembly; the guide column assembly assembly The invention comprises a guide column assembly (27) for being mounted on a welding frame, a guide column component (34) fixed below the guide column assembly (27), and an elastic positioning sleeve (35) fixed below the guide column component (34); it also comprises a positioning seat component (40) located on an axle box (31), an annular buffer pad (39) is sleeved on the positioning seat component (40), a guide column ring (38) is installed on the buffer pad (39), and the axle box spring (28) is located in the guide column ring (38); a friction pair is formed between the elastic positioning sleeve (35) and the positioning seat component (40); The basic braking device (82) comprises four brake beams (1) distributed in a radial direction, wherein the two middle brake beams (1) are both rotatably connected to the middle levers (5), and the two brake beams (1) on both sides are respectively rotatably connected to the fixed lever (3) and the floating lever (7), and also comprises a bow pull rod (4) and a straight pull rod (6), wherein the fixed lever (3) is rotatably connected to the nearest middle lever (5) via the bow pull rod (4), the floating lever (7) is rotatably connected to the nearest middle lever (5) via the bow pull rod (4), and the middle levers (5) of the two middle brake beams (1) are rotatably connected via the straight pull rod (6); both ends of each brake beam (1) are connected to the brake assembly.

2. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide column assembly (27) and the guide column component (34) are integrally formed; the elastic positioning sleeve (35) is fixed to the bottom of the guide column component (34) through a cover (36) and a cover fastening bolt (37); a circumferential platform for accommodating the buffer pad (39) is provided on the positioning seat component (40); the positioning seat component (40) is cylindrical, and the elastic positioning sleeve (35) is inserted into the positioning seat component (40) from the top; the wear plate (29) is a rigid wear-resistant plate or an elastic wear-resistant plate; The axle boxes (31) corresponding to the two end shafts are provided with radial mechanism connecting arms (33) at one end close to the center direction of the frame (79), and the radial mechanism connecting arms (33) are connected to the corresponding axle boxes (31) through a first rivet (32); A first shock absorber mounting seat (41) is also provided on the axle boxes (31) corresponding to the two end shafts, and the bottom of the vertical hydraulic shock absorbing device (85) is mounted on the first shock absorber mounting seat (41).

3. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two pillars (13) are arranged on each brake beam (1); the fixed lever (3), the intermediate lever (5) and the floating lever (7) are all rotatably connected to the corresponding pillars (13); the fixed lever (3), the intermediate lever (5) and the floating lever (7) are all provided with an upper pin hole, a middle pin hole and a lower pin hole; wherein: The upper pin hole of the fixed lever (3) is used for pin connection with the fixed lever fulcrum (2), the middle pin hole of the fixed lever (3) is used for pin connection with the bow-shaped pull rod (4), and the lower pin hole of the fixed lever (3) is used for pin connection with the corresponding support (13); The upper pin hole of the intermediate lever (5) is used for pin connection with the straight pull rod (6), the middle pin hole of the intermediate lever (5) is used for pin connection with the bow pull rod (4), and the lower pin hole of the intermediate lever (5) is used for pin connection with the corresponding support (13); The upper pin hole of the floating lever (7) is a free end, the middle pin hole of the floating lever (7) is used for pin connection with the bow-shaped pull rod (4), and the lower pin hole of the floating lever (7) is used for pin connection with the corresponding support (13); The length of the intermediate lever (5) is shorter than the lengths of the fixed lever (3) and the floating lever (7); and the distance ratios among the upper pin hole, the middle pin hole and the lower pin hole on the fixed lever (3), the intermediate lever (5) and the floating lever (7) are the same.

4. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The brake assembly comprises an end shaft (12) fixed at both ends of a brake beam (1), a brake shoe support (10) rotatably connected to the end shaft (12), a brake shoe support (11) rotatably connected to the brake shoe support (10), a brake shoe (9) mounted on the brake shoe support (10), and a brake shoe head automatic adjustment device (8), wherein the brake shoe head automatic adjustment device (8) is used to adjust the gap between the brake shoe and the wheel; The brake shoe head automatic adjustment device (8) comprises a stopper iron (14) arranged at the bottom of the brake shoe support (11), a guide rod (17) movably passing through the stopper iron (14), and the end of the guide rod (17) close to the brake shoe support (10) is connected to the brake shoe support (10), an elastic member (18) is sleeved on the guide rod (17), and the elastic member (18) is located on the side of the stopper iron (14) close to the brake shoe support (10); the connection position of the guide rod (17) and the brake shoe support (10) is located between the brake shoe support (11) and the brake shoe support (10) 10); the elastic member (18) is a compression spring, and spring pressure plates (19) are arranged at both ends of the elastic member (18), and the spring pressure plates (19) are slidably sleeved on the guide rod (17); one of the spring pressure plates (19) is in contact with the stop iron (14), and the other spring pressure plate (19) is limited by a positioning assembly, and the positioning assembly can move along the axis of the guide rod (17); the guide rod (17) includes a threaded section close to the brake shoe support (10) and a smooth rod section away from the brake shoe support (10); The positioning assembly comprises a locking nut (20) and an adjusting nut (21) matched with the threaded section, wherein the locking nut (20) is located on the side of the adjusting nut (21) away from the compression spring; the stopper iron (14) is an angle iron, one side surface of the angle iron is in contact with the brake shoe support (11), and the other side surface is provided with a through hole (22), wherein the through hole (22) is used for the guide rod (17) to pass through; the end of the guide rod (17) away from the brake shoe support (10) is detachably connected to a limiting member (23), wherein the limiting member (23) cannot pass through the through hole (22); The guide rod (17) is connected to the brake shoe support (10) via a fixed shaft (24), and the two ends of the fixed shaft (24) are rotatably connected to the brake shoe support (10) and the guide rod (17) respectively; a first pin hole (25) and a second pin hole (26) are provided on the brake shoe support (11), the first pin hole (25) is used to be connected to the frame, and the second pin hole (26) is used to be pin-connected to the brake shoe support (10).

5. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (79) comprises two mutually parallel side beams (42), two cross beams (43) and two end beams (45) connected between the two side beams (42), a longitudinal beam (44) is arranged between the two cross beams (43), and the side beams (42), the cross beams (43), the longitudinal beams (44) and / or the end beams (45) are box-type structures; The side beam (42) comprises a side beam upper cover plate (51), a side beam lower cover plate (46) and two side beam webs (48) connected therebetween; a second shock absorber mounting seat (50) located outside the side beam (42) is arranged on the side beam web (48); the top of the vertical hydraulic shock absorbing device (85) is mounted on the second shock absorber mounting seat (50); a lifting hole (49) is provided on the side beam web (48) located inside the side beam (42); A guide column mounting seat (47) is provided on the side beam lower cover plate (46), and the guide column mounting seat (47) is used to install an axle box suspension device (81).

6. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross beam (43) comprises a cross beam upper cover plate (56), a cross beam lower cover plate (52) and two cross beam webs (55) connected therebetween, the cross beam webs (55) are provided with push rod holes, and the push rod holes penetrate the two cross beam webs (55); the longitudinal beam (44) comprises a longitudinal beam upper cover plate (58), a longitudinal beam lower cover plate (57) and two longitudinal beam webs (59) connected therebetween, and the longitudinal beam lower cover plate (57) is an arched structure; Both ends of the longitudinal beam lower cover plate (57) are straight sections, and the straight sections are used for welding with the transverse beam lower cover plate (52); A reinforcing rib (60) is provided between the longitudinal beam upper cover plate (58) and the longitudinal beam web plate (59); A brake shoe support seat (53) is provided at the bottom of the cross beam (43) and / or the end beam (45), and the brake shoe support seat (53) is used to install a brake shoe support (11).

7. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-connection device (83) comprises two cross-arranged connecting rods (69), two left axle boxes (64), two right axle boxes (65), two left connecting arms (66) and two right connecting arms (67); the left connecting arm (66) and the right connecting arm (67) are both L-shaped box structures; the two ends of the left connecting arm (66) and the right connecting arm (67) are respectively connected to the two ends of a connecting rod (69); the connecting ends (75) of the two left connecting arms (66) are respectively connected to the two ends of a connecting rod (69); the connecting ends (75) of the two right connecting arms (67) are respectively connected to the two ends of another connecting rod (69); the fixed ends (74) of the two left connecting arms (66) are respectively connected to the two left axle boxes (64); the fixed ends (74) of the two right connecting arms (67) are respectively connected to the two right axle boxes (65); The side surfaces of the fixed ends (74) of the left connecting arm (66) and the right connecting arm (67) are both facades (76), and a plurality of first facade holes (77) are arranged on the facades (76); one side surface of the right axle box (65) and the left axle box (64) are both support platform facades (72), and a plurality of second facade holes (73) corresponding to the first facade holes (77) are arranged on the support platform facades (72); the right axle box (65) and the right connecting arm (67) are butt-connected to the support platform facades (72) via the facades (76), and the left axle box (64) and the left connecting arm (66) are butt-connected to the support platform facades (72) via the facades (76).

8. The axle box guide post positioning type three-axle welded self-steering radial railway freight car bogie according to claim 7, characterized in that: A third pin hole (78) is provided on the connecting end (75) of the left connecting arm (66) and the right connecting arm (67), and the left connecting arm (66) and the right connecting arm (67) are both connected to the connecting rod (69) through the third pin hole (78); the third pin hole (78) and the connecting rod (69) are connected through a connecting pin (70), and the connecting pin (70) is elastic; The cross intersections of the two connecting rods (69) are both provided with grooves; the top surface of the connecting end (75) of the left connecting arm (66) is a horizontal surface, and the bottom surface is an inwardly concave arc surface; the top surface of the connecting end (75) of the right connecting arm (67) is an inwardly concave arc surface, and the bottom surface is a horizontal surface; the vertical surface (76) is connected to the vertical surface of the support platform (72) through a second rivet (68); four first vertical surface holes (77) are provided on the vertical surface (76), and four corresponding second vertical surface holes (73) are provided on the vertical surface of the support platform (72).

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