Rotor, motor, compressor, air conditioner, and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention provides a rotor, a motor, a compressor, an air conditioner, and a vehicle. The rotor includes: a rotor core, on which a plurality of magnet slots are provided; permanent magnets, which are arranged in the magnet slots; a first through hole, which is arranged on the rotor core, is close to one side of the outer contour line of the rotor core, and is located between the outer contour line of the rotor core and the magnet slots; wherein, the ratio of the minimum distance L1 from the first through hole to the magnet slot to the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3. The rotor provided by the present invention can maximize the usage amount of the permanent magnets, achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic load, increase the number of magnets and the built-in depth of the magnets, reduce the copper loss and the eddy current loss of the magnets, thereby improving the motor efficiency, and reducing the q-axis inductance, and can meet the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and in particular, to a rotor, a motor, a compressor, an air conditioner, and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the related art, the rotor magnets of the commonly used variable-frequency permanent magnet synchronous motors adopt a "V" shape, resulting in a large q-axis inductance Lq. When the motor runs at high speed, since the power supply voltage is a set value and cannot be further increased, the motor enters the field weakening state in advance under the conditions of high rotational speed and high torque, and the operation under the condition of high torque load at the highest operating speed is limited. Moreover, after the motor enters the field weakening operation, the motor noise deteriorates. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.

[0004] To this end, a first aspect of the present invention provides a rotor.

[0005] A second aspect of the present invention provides a motor.

[0006] A third aspect of the present invention provides a compressor.

[0007] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides an air conditioner.

[0008] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle.

[0009] In view of this, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotor, including: a rotor core, on which a plurality of magnet slots are provided; permanent magnets, disposed in the magnet slots; a first through hole, provided on the rotor core, the first through hole being close to one side of the outer contour line of the rotor core, and the first through hole being located between the outer contour line of the rotor core and the magnet slots; wherein, the ratio of the minimum distance L1 from the first through hole to the magnet slots to the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3.

[0010] The rotor provided by the present invention includes a rotor core and permanent magnets. A plurality of magnet slots are provided on the rotor core, and the permanent magnets are installed in the magnet slots. There is a first through hole on the rotor core, and the through hole is between the edge of the rotor core and the magnet slots. Among them, the minimum distance from the first through hole to the magnet slot is L1, and the thickness of the permanent magnet along the magnetization direction is hm, satisfying: 1≤L1 / hm≤3. For the rotor provided by the present invention, the first through hole provided in the area included by the magnet slot and the edge of the rotor core saturates the q-axis magnetic circuit, further reducing the q-axis inductance. In the prior art, the "V" shape of the rotor magnet can increase the amount of magnets used. However, the "V" design results in a large q-axis inductance Lq. Although when Lq is large, the ratio of the salient pole rate Lq / Ld is large, and the motor can utilize the reluctance torque to increase the maximum torque of the motor. However, when the motor runs at high speed, since the power supply voltage is limited by the battery and is a set value, it cannot be further increased. As a result, the motor enters field weakening in advance under the conditions of high speed and high torque, and the operation under the condition of high torque load at the highest operating speed is limited. Moreover, after the motor enters field weakening operation, the motor noise deteriorates. Therefore, a first through hole is provided in the rotor core provided in the present invention, and the position of the first through hole and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet are reasonably set, thereby reducing the q-axis inductance and meeting the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, providing a first through hole on the rotor core reduces the weight of the rotor and increases the through-flow hole area, meeting the requirement of large refrigerant through-flow after the motor is miniaturized under a large-displacement compressor.

[0011] In addition, for the rotor according to the above technical solution provided by the present invention, the following additional technical features may further be included:

[0012] In the above technical solution, preferably, the symmetry axis of the magnet slot is used as the d-axis, and the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the d-axis is D1; the center line of the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles is used as the q-axis, and the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the q-axis is D2, and the difference between D1 and D2 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm.

[0013] In this technical solution, the symmetry axis of the magnet slot is used as the d-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the d-axis of the rotor is D1, the central axis of adjacent magnetic poles is the q-axis, and the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the q-axis is D2. D1 and D2 satisfy: 0.2 mm≤D1-D2≤1.6 mm, so that the air gap at the q-axis is larger than the air gap at the d-axis, reducing the magnetic leakage at the q-axis, reducing the magnetic leakage between magnetic poles, reducing the iron loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency. At the same time, it meets the requirement of the maximum amount of magnets used, and the air gap is a non-uniform design, minimizing the content of air gap magnetic density harmonics and improving the noise.

[0014] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the outer contour line of any cross-section of the rotor core includes at least 4 arcs and / or straight lines.

[0015] In this technical solution, the outer edge of the rotor core is composed of more than 4 arcs and / or straight lines. Specifically, the outer contour line of the rotor core can include multiple arcs connected end to end, or multiple straight lines connected end to end, or arcs and straight lines, and the arcs and straight lines are connected to form the outer contour line. By setting multiple arcs and / or straight lines, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is designed non-uniformly, which can minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reduce the iron loss and stray loss, and thus improve the motor efficiency.

[0016] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the distance value from the outer contour line corresponding to the adjacent d-axis to q-axis to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreases from D1 to L3 and then gradually increases to D2; where L3 is the minimum value of the distances from all points on the outer contour line of the rotor core to the geometric center.

[0017] In this technical solution, the outer contour line corresponding to the adjacent d-axis to q-axis gradually depresses towards the geometric center side of the rotor core, so as to set a maximum depression on the outer contour line between the d-axis and the q-axis. The distance from the depression to the rotor core is the minimum value of the distances from all points on the entire contour line to the geometric center. Furthermore, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is designed non-uniformly, which can minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reduce the iron loss and stray loss, and thus improve the motor efficiency.

[0018] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the difference between half of D1 and L3 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0019] In this technical solution, by reasonably designing the dimensions and mutual relationship of L3 and D1, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is designed non-uniformly, which can minimize the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reduce the iron loss and stray loss, and thus improve the motor efficiency.

[0020] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core being D1 between the adjacent d-axis and q-axis is θ1; the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 and then gradually increasing to D2 is θ2; the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 is θ3.

[0021] In this technical solution, the outer edge of the rotor core is composed of more than 4 arcs or straight lines. Rotating an angle θ1 from the d-axis to the q-axis, the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ1 is an arc with a diameter D1. After rotating the angle θ1 from the d-axis to the q-axis, then rotating the angle θ2, the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 is composed of an arc or a straight line that is concave downward towards the inner diameter of the rotor. After rotating the angle θ1 from the d-axis to the q-axis and then rotating the angle θ3, at the angle θ3, the maximum depression at the geometric center of the rotor core is reached, so that the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is non-uniformly designed, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing the iron loss and stray loss, and thus improving the motor efficiency. Among them, the angle θ2 is greater than the angle θ3.

[0022] Further, the outer contour lines of the rotor core corresponding to adjacent d-axis to q-axis include 4 arcs, specifically, the first arc corresponding to the angle θ1, the second arc corresponding to the angle θ3, the third arc whose distance value from the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually increases from L3 to D2, and the fourth arc whose distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core is D2.

[0023] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, in the outer contour line corresponding to θ2, the contour line with the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 and the contour line with the distance value gradually increasing from L3 to D2 are of an asymmetric structure.

[0024] In this technical solution, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is divided into 2 segments by a straight line passing through the geometric center of the rotor core with a distance of L3. One segment is the contour line with the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreasing from D1 to L3, and the other segment is the contour line with the distance value from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually increasing from L3 to D2. The two end contour lines are of an asymmetric structure with respect to the connection line between the point on the contour line corresponding to L3 and the geometric center, thus making the outer edge air gap of the rotor core non-uniformly designed, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing the iron loss and stray loss, and thus improving the motor efficiency. Further, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is not limited to an asymmetric structure and can also be a symmetric structure.

[0025] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4; the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ3 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 2.5.

[0026] In this technical solution, the angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 satisfy 1 ≤ θ2 / θ1 ≤ 4 and 1.1 ≤ θ2 / θ3 ≤ 2.5, enabling a non-uniform design of the outer-edge air gap of the rotor core, minimizing the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic density, reducing iron loss and stray loss, and thus improving the motor efficiency.

[0027] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the rotor further includes: a central hole provided on the rotor core for passing through the shaft of the motor; a rivet hole provided on the rotor core, located between two adjacent magnetic poles and near one end of the central hole. The minimum distance between the rivet hole and the magnet slot is L2, and L2 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet satisfy: 0.3 ≤ L2 / hm ≤ 2.

[0028] In this technical solution, a central hole and a rivet hole are provided on the rotor core. The central hole is for passing through the shaft of the motor; the rivet hole is located on one side of the two magnetic poles close to the central hole. The minimum distance between the rivet hole and the magnet slot is L2, and L2 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet along the magnetization direction satisfy: 0.3 ≤ L2 / hm ≤ 2, making the q-axis magnetic path width between adjacent magnetic poles small. While ensuring the rotor strength to the maximum extent, the q-axis inductance is reduced, enabling the motor to operate at high speeds and reducing noise.

[0029] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the rotor further includes: a first end plate and a second end plate respectively provided at both ends of the rotor core; a second through hole provided on the first end plate and the second end plate, and the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole.

[0030] In this technical solution, a first end plate and a second end plate are respectively provided at both ends of the rotor core. Second through holes are provided on the first end plate and the second end plate, and the second through holes are communicated with the first through hole on the rotor core for gas flow, meeting the gas flow requirements after the motor is miniaturized.

[0031] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the rotor further includes: an electromagnetic steel sheet, and the electromagnetic steel sheets are stacked to form the rotor core; the minimum distance between the magnet slot and the outer contour line of the rotor core is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet.

[0032] In this technical solution, the rotor core of the rotor is formed by stacking electromagnetic steel sheets, which is used to increase axial electrical insulation and reduce eddy current loss. The rotor core obtained by stacking the electromagnetic steel sheets into sheets reduces the path of eddy current flow and thus effectively reduces eddy current loss. The minimum distance between the magnet slot and the outer contour line of the rotor core is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet, further ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor core to meet the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

[0033] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0034] In this technical solution, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, so that the eddy current loss of the rotor core is small, improving the operating efficiency of the motor. The minimum distance between the magnet slot and the outer contour line of the rotor core is greater than 0.5 mm, ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor core to meet the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

[0035] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, the permanent magnet is a rare earth neodymium iron boron magnet; the number of the first through holes is multiple, and the multiple first through holes are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the geometric center of the rotor core.

[0036] In this technical solution, the rare earth neodymium iron boron magnet has high magnetism, ensuring the operating stability and efficiency of the motor. There are multiple first through holes arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the geometric center of the rotor core, which can reduce the weight of the rotor and play a role in gas circulation at the same time, meeting the gas flow requirements after the miniaturization of the motor. Moreover, the multiple first through holes arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the geometric center of the rotor core can make the mass distribution of the rotor uniform, reducing the noise under the high-speed operation of the motor.

[0037] In any of the above technical solutions, preferably, all the permanent magnets corresponding to a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape or a "W" shape.

[0038] In this technical solution, by arranging the permanent magnets in a "V" shape or a "W" shape, compared with the current "one"-shaped arrangement of permanent magnets on the rotor, the usage amount of the permanent magnets can be maximally increased to achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic load. The number of magnets increases and the built-in depth of the magnets increases, reducing the copper loss and the eddy current loss of the magnets, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

[0039] According to the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a motor, which includes: a stator including a rotor hole; and a rotor as described in any of the above technical solutions, the rotor being disposed in the rotor hole.

[0040] According to the motor provided by the present invention, the usage amount of permanent magnets is maximized to achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic load, realizing the high power density of the motor. The increase in magnetic load can reduce the copper loss of the motor, thereby improving the motor efficiency. By arranging a first through hole on the rotor core, the weight of the rotor is reduced and the through-flow hole area is increased, meeting the large refrigerant through-flow requirement after the miniaturization of the motor under a large-displacement compressor. Moreover, by reasonably setting the position of the first through hole and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet, the q-axis inductance is further reduced, meeting the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, by designing the shape and size of the outer edge of the rotor core, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core is non-uniformly designed, minimizing the content of air-gap magnetic density harmonics, reducing iron loss and stray loss, and thus improving the motor efficiency.

[0041] According to the third aspect of the present invention, a compressor is provided, including the motor described in the above technical solution. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of this motor and will not be elaborated here.

[0042] According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, an air conditioner is provided, including the compressor described in any of the above technical solutions. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the compressor and will not be elaborated here.

[0043] According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a vehicle is provided, including the motor described in any of the above technical solutions or the compressor described in any of the above technical solutions. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of this motor or compressor and will not be elaborated here.

[0044] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious in the following description part or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and be easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, where:

[0046] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 12-slot 8-pole rotor with a straight-shaped permanent magnet in the prior art;

[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a 12-slot 8-pole rotor with a V-shaped permanent magnet in the prior art;

[0048] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a 12-slot 8-pole motor rotor with a slot-pole combination in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a 12-slot 8-pole motor stator with a slot-pole combination in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5Schematic structural diagram of the first end plate of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 of an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 the shown rotor is paired with Figure 4 the motor with the stator and the existing example Figure 1 、 Figure 2 the shown rotor is paired with Figure 4 Comparison of no-load back electromotive force waveforms of motors with stators.

[0052] Among them, Figures 3 to 5 the corresponding relationship between the reference numerals and the component names in

[0053] 1 Rotor, 102 Rotor core, 104 Central hole, 106 Rivet hole, 108 Magnet slot, 110 Permanent magnet, 112 First through hole, 2 Stator, 202 Stator core, 204 Stator tooth, 206 Winding slot, 208 Stator winding, 210 Rotor hole, 3 First end plate, 302 Second through hole, 304 Connection hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0054] In order to more clearly understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific implementation manners. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0055] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0056] Next, refer to Figures 3 to 6 to describe the rotor 1, motor and compressor according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0057] As Figure 3 shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a rotor 1 is provided. The rotor 1 includes: a rotor core 102, on which a plurality of magnet slots 108 are provided; a permanent magnet 110, which is disposed in the magnet slot 108; a first through hole 112, which is provided on the rotor core 102, the first through hole 112 is close to one side of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102, and the first through hole 112 is located between the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 and the magnet slot 108; wherein, the minimum distance L1 from the first through hole 112 to the magnet slot 108 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet 110 satisfy: 1 ≤ L1 / hm ≤ 3.

[0058] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the rotor 1 provided by the present invention is composed of a rotor core 102 and a permanent magnet 110. A plurality of magnet slots 108 are provided on the rotor core 102, and the permanent magnet 110 is installed in the magnet slots 108. There is a first through hole 112 on the rotor core 102, and the through hole is between the edge of the rotor core 102 and the magnet slot 108. Among them, the minimum distance from the first through hole 112 to the magnet slot 108 is L1, and the thickness of the permanent magnet 110 along the magnetization direction is hm, satisfying: 1 ≤ L1 / hm ≤ 3. For the rotor 1 provided by the present invention, the first through hole 112 provided in the area included by the magnet slot 108 and the edge of the rotor core 102 saturates the q-axis magnetic circuit, further reducing the q-axis inductance. In the prior art, the rotor magnet adopts a "V" shape, which can increase the amount of magnet used. However, the "V" shape design results in a large q-axis inductance Lq. Although when Lq is large, the ratio of the salient pole rate Lq / Ld is large, and the motor can utilize the reluctance torque to increase the maximum torque of the motor. However, when the motor runs at high speed, since the power supply voltage is limited by the battery and is a set value, it cannot be further increased. As a result, the motor enters field weakening in advance under high-speed and high-torque working conditions, and the operation under high-torque load conditions at the maximum operating speed is limited. Moreover, after the motor enters field weakening operation, the motor noise becomes worse. Therefore, the rotor core 102 provided in the present invention is provided with a first through hole 112, and the position of the first through hole 112 and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet 110 are reasonably set, thereby reducing the q-axis inductance and meeting the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, setting the first through hole 112 on the rotor core 102 reduces the weight of the rotor 1 and increases the through-flow hole area, meeting the requirement of large refrigerant through-flow after the motor is miniaturized under a large-displacement compressor.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, taking the symmetry axis of the magnet slot 108 as the d-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the d-axis is D1; taking the center line of the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles as the q-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the q-axis is D2, and D1 and D2 satisfy: 0.2 mm ≤ D1 - D2 ≤ 1.6 mm.

[0060] In this embodiment, taking the symmetry axis of the magnet slot 108 as the d-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the d-axis of the rotor 1 is D1, and the central axis of adjacent magnetic poles is the q-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 corresponding to the q-axis is D2, and D1 and D2 satisfy: 0.2 mm ≤ D1 - D2 ≤ 1.6 mm, making the air gap at the q-axis greater than the air gap at the d-axis, reducing the leakage magnetic flux at the q-axis, reducing the leakage magnetic flux between magnetic poles, reducing the iron loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency. At the same time, it meets the requirement of the maximum amount of magnet used, and the air gap is a non-uniform design, minimizing the content of air gap magnetic density harmonics and improving the noise.

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, the outer contour line of any cross-section of the rotor core 102 includes at least 4 arcs and / or straight lines.

[0062] In this embodiment, the outer edge of the rotor core 102 is composed of more than 4 arcs and / or straight lines. Specifically, the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 may include multiple arcs connected end to end, or multiple straight lines connected end to end, or arcs and straight lines, where the arcs and straight lines are connected to form the outer contour line. By setting multiple arcs and / or straight lines, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is designed non-uniformly, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

[0063] In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the distance value from the outer contour line corresponding to the adjacent d-axis to q-axis to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 gradually decreases from D1 to L3 and then gradually increases to D2; where L3 is the minimum value of the distances from all points on the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 to the geometric center.

[0064] In this embodiment, the outer contour line corresponding to the adjacent d-axis to q-axis gradually depresses towards the geometric center side of the rotor core 102, so as to set a maximum depression on the outer contour line between the d-axis and the q-axis. The distance from the depression to the rotor core 102 is the minimum value of the distances from all points on the entire contour line to the geometric center. Furthermore, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is designed non-uniformly, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the difference between half of D1 and L3 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

[0066] In this embodiment, by reasonably designing the dimensions and mutual relationship of L3 and D1, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is designed non-uniformly, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

[0067] In one embodiment of the present invention, preferably, for the outer contour line between the adjacent d-axis and q-axis, the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with a distance value of D1 from the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is θ1; the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 and then gradually increasing to D2 from the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is θ2; the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 from the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is θ3.

[0068] In this embodiment, the outer edge of the rotor core 102 is composed of more than 4 arcs or straight lines. Rotating an angle θ1 from the d-axis to the q-axis, the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ1 is an arc with a diameter D1. After rotating the angle θ1 from the d-axis to the q-axis, then rotating the angle θ2, the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 is composed of an arc or a straight line that is concave downward towards the inner diameter of the rotor 1. After rotating the angle θ1 from the d-axis to the q-axis, then rotating the angle θ3, at the angle θ3, the maximum depression at the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is reached, such that the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is non-uniformly designed, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing iron loss and stray loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency. Among them, the angle θ2 is greater than the angle θ3.

[0069] Further, the outer contour lines of the rotor core 102 corresponding to between adjacent d-axis and q-axis include 4 arcs, specifically, the first arc corresponding to the angle θ1, the second arc corresponding to the angle θ3, the outer contour line corresponding to the angle θ2 to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 with the distance value gradually increasing from L3 to D2 is the third arc, and the outer contour line with the distance value of D2 to the geometric center of the rotor core 102 is the fourth arc.

[0070] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, among the outer contour lines corresponding to θ2, the outer contour line with the distance value from the geometric center of the rotor core 102 gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 and the contour line with the distance value gradually increasing from the L3 to the D2 are of an asymmetric structure.

[0071] In this embodiment, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is divided into 2 segments by a straight line passing through the geometric center of the rotor core 102 with a distance of L3. One segment is the outer contour line with the distance value from the geometric center of the rotor core 102 gradually decreasing from D1 to L3, and the other segment is the contour line with the distance value from the geometric center of the rotor core 102 gradually increasing from the L3 to the D2. The two end contour lines are of an asymmetric structure with respect to the connection line between the point on the contour line corresponding to L3 and the geometric center, thereby enabling the non-uniform design of the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing iron loss and stray loss, and thus improving the motor efficiency. Preferably, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 is of an asymmetric structure. Further, the outer contour line corresponding to θ2 can also be a symmetric structure with respect to the connection line between the point on the contour line corresponding to L3 and the geometric center as the axis of symmetry.

[0072] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4; the ratio of the angle θ2 to the angle θ3 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 2.5.

[0073] In this embodiment, the angles θ1, θ2, and θ3 satisfy 1 ≤ θ2 / θ1 ≤ 4 and 1.1 ≤ θ2 / θ3 ≤ 2.5, such that the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is non-uniformly designed, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing iron loss and stray loss, and thus improving the motor efficiency.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, the rotor 1 further includes: a central hole 104 provided on the rotor core 102 for passing through the shaft of the motor; rivet holes 106 provided on the rotor core 102, located between two adjacent magnetic poles and close to one end of the central hole 104. The minimum distance between the rivet holes 106 and the magnet slot 108 is L2, and L2 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet 110 satisfy: 0.3 ≤ L2 / hm ≤ 2.

[0075] In this embodiment, a central hole 104 and rivet holes 106 are provided on the rotor core 102. The central hole 104 is for passing through the shaft of the motor; the rivet holes 106 are located on one side of the two magnetic poles close to the central hole 104. The minimum distance between the rivet holes 106 and the magnet slot 108 is L2, and L2 and the thickness hm of the permanent magnet 110 along the magnetization direction satisfy: 0.3 ≤ L2 / hm ≤ 2, such that the q-axis magnetic path width between adjacent magnetic poles is small. While maximizing the rotor strength, the q-axis inductance is reduced, enabling the motor to operate at high speeds and reducing noise.

[0076] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as Figure 5 shown, the rotor 1 further includes: a first end plate 3 and a second end plate, which are respectively provided at both ends of the rotor core; a second through hole 302 provided on the first end plate 3 and the second end plate, and the second through hole 302 is in communication with the first through hole 112.

[0077] In this embodiment, a first end plate 3 and a second end plate are respectively provided at both ends of the rotor core 102. A second through hole 302 is provided on the first end plate 3 and the second end plate, and the second through hole 302 is in communication with the first through hole 112 on the rotor core 102 for gas flow, meeting the gas flow requirements after the motor is miniaturized. Among them, the structure of the second end plate is the same as that of the first end plate 3.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the rotor 1 further includes: electromagnetic steel sheets stacked to form the rotor core 102; the minimum distance between the magnet slot 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet.

[0079] In this embodiment, the rotor core 102 of the rotor 1 is formed by stacking electromagnetic steel sheets, which is used to increase axial insulation, reduce eddy current loss. The rotor core 102 obtained by stacking the electromagnetic steel sheets into sheets reduces the path of eddy current circulation, thereby effectively reducing the eddy current loss. The minimum distance between the magnet slot 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet, thereby ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor core 102 to meet the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

[0080] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0081] In this embodiment, the thickness of a single electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5 mm, so that the eddy current loss of the rotor core 102 is small, and the operating efficiency of the motor is improved. The minimum distance between the magnet slot 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 is greater than 0.5 mm, ensuring the mechanical strength of the rotor core 102 to meet the requirements of high-speed operation of the motor.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the permanent magnet 110 is a rare earth neodymium iron boron magnet; as Figure 3 shown, the number of the first through holes 112 is multiple, and the multiple first through holes 112 are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the geometric center of the rotor core 102.

[0083] In this embodiment, the rare earth neodymium iron boron magnet has high magnetism, ensuring the operating stability and efficiency of the motor. There are multiple first through holes 112 arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the geometric center of the rotor core 102, which can reduce the weight of the rotor and play a role in gas circulation at the same time, meeting the gas flow requirements after the motor is miniaturized. And the multiple first through holes 112 arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the geometric center of the rotor core 102 can make the mass distribution of the rotor uniform, and can reduce noise under the high-speed operation of the motor.

[0084] In an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, as Figure 3 shown, all the permanent magnets 110 corresponding to a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape or a "W" shape.

[0085] In this embodiment, by arranging the permanent magnets 110 in a "V" shape or a "W" shape, compared with the "one"-shaped arrangement of permanent magnets used in the current rotor, the usage amount of the permanent magnets can be maximally increased to achieve the purpose of increasing the magnetic load. The number of magnets increases and the built-in depth of the magnets increases, reducing the copper loss and the eddy current loss of the magnets, thereby improving the motor efficiency.

[0086] According to the second aspect of the present invention, a motor is provided. The motor includes a stator 2, and the stator 2 includes a rotor hole 210; and a rotor 1 as in any of the above embodiments, and the rotor 1 is arranged in the rotor hole 210.

[0087] According to the motor provided by the present invention, the usage amount of the permanent magnet 110 is maximized, the purpose of increasing the magnetic load is achieved, the high power density of the motor is realized, and the increase of the magnetic load can reduce the copper loss of the motor, thereby improving the motor efficiency. By arranging the first through hole 112 on the rotor core 102, the weight of the rotor 1 is reduced, the through-flow hole area is increased, which meets the large refrigerant through-flow after the miniaturization of the motor under a large-displacement compressor, and the position of the first through hole 112 and the dimensional relationship with the thickness of the permanent magnet 110 are reasonably set, thereby reducing the q-axis inductance and meeting the requirements of high-speed operation and low noise. Further, by designing the outer edge shape and size of the rotor core 102, the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 is non-uniformly designed, which maximally reduces the content of air gap magnetic density harmonics, reduces the iron loss and stray loss, and thus improves the motor efficiency.

[0088] In a specific embodiment, as Figures 3 to 6 shown, the motor includes a stator 2 and a rotor 1. The stator core 202 of the stator 2 is formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets, and the rotor core 102 of the rotor 1 is also formed by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets. The thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheets for laminating the stator core 202 and the rotor core 102 is less than or equal to 0.5 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheets in this embodiment is 0.3 mm. Specifically, as Figure 3 shown, the slot-pole combination of the rotor 1 provided in this embodiment is 12 slots and 8 poles, and the stator 2 connected to it is as Figure 4 shown.

[0089] As Figure 4 shown, the stator 2 includes a stator core 202, a rotor hole 210 for the rotor 1 to pass through, a plurality of winding slots 206 arranged around the rotor hole 210, and a stator winding 208 installed in the winding slots 206; the plurality of winding slots 206 are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the rotor hole 210. The motor stator winding 208 is wound around the stator teeth 204 to form the motor A, B, and C phase winding coils.

[0090] As Figure 3As shown, the rotor 1 includes a rotor core 102, a central hole 104 for the shaft to pass through, rivet holes 106 for connecting rivets, a plurality of magnet slots 108 arranged around the central hole 104, and permanent magnets 110 installed in the magnet slots 108. The magnet slots 108 and the permanent magnets 110 are arranged in a centrosymmetric pattern around the central hole 104, and the permanent magnets 110 under a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape. A first through hole 112 is provided in the region included by the diameter edge of the outer contour line of the V-shaped magnet slot 108 and the rotor core 102. The magnet slots 108 are arranged adjacent to the diameter edge of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102, and the minimum distance between the magnet slots 108 and the diameter edge of the outer contour line of the rotor core 102 is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet, which is 0.5 mm. The rivet holes 106 of the rotor 1 are distributed between two magnet slots 108 of adjacent magnetic poles and are arranged in a centrosymmetric pattern around the central hole 104.

[0091] Among them, the minimum distance from the first through hole 112 to the V-shaped magnet slot 108 is L1, and the magnetization direction thickness of the permanent magnet 110 is hm, satisfying: 1 ≤ L1 / hm ≤ 3. Specifically, L1 = 3 mm; hm = 2.3 mm, then L1 / hm = 1.3, making the magnetic density in the region included by the diameter edge of the V-shaped magnet slot 108 and the rotor core 102 saturated, and the magnetic density reaching 1.4 T, that is, the q-axis magnetic circuit is saturated, reducing the q-axis inductance. At the same time, it meets the requirement that the rotor magnet can be saturated magnetized, enabling the motor to operate at a high speed and reducing noise.

[0092] As Figure 3 shown, the central axis of the V-shaped magnet slot 108 is the d-axis, the outer diameter of the d-axis of the rotor 1 is D1, the central axis of adjacent magnetic poles is the q-axis, and the outer diameter of the q-axis of the rotor 1 is D2, satisfying: 0.2 mm ≤ D1 - D2 ≤ 1.6 mm. Specifically, D1 = 60 mm, D2 = 59.4 mm, then D1 - D2 = 0.6 mm, that is, the air gap at the q-axis is larger than the air gap at the d-axis, reducing the magnetic leakage at the q-axis, reducing the magnetic leakage between magnetic poles, reducing the iron loss, thereby improving the motor efficiency, and at the same time meeting the requirement of the maximum amount of magnets used.

[0093] As Figure 3As shown in the figure, the outer edge of the rotor core 102 is composed of more than 3 arc segments. From the d-axis to the q-axis direction, the arc segment with an angle θ1 is an arc with a diameter D1, and the arc segments within the angle θ2 are arc segments that are concave towards the inner diameter of the rotor 1, reaching the maximum concavity at the angle θ3, satisfying: 1 ≤ θ2 / θ1 ≤ 4, 1.1 ≤ θ2 / θ3 ≤ 2.5; the distance from the concave surface at the angle θ3 to the geometric center of the rotor 1 is L3, satisfying: 0.3mm ≤ D1 / 2 - L3 ≤ 2mm. In a specific embodiment, θ1 = 4.5 degrees, θ2 = 12 degrees, θ3 = 8 degrees, L3 = 28.8, then θ2 / θ1 = 2.7, θ2 / θ3 = 1.5, D1 / 2 - L3 = 1.2mm, making the outer edge air gap of the rotor core 102 non-uniformly designed, minimizing the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic density, reducing the iron loss and stray loss, and thus improving the motor efficiency.

[0094] As Figure 3 shown, the rivet holes 106 of the rotor 1 are arranged between adjacent magnetic poles. The minimum distance from the rivet holes 106 to the V-shaped magnet slots 108 is L2, satisfying: 0.3 ≤ L2 / hm ≤ 2. In a specific embodiment, L2 = 1.5mm, hm = 2.3mm, then L2 / hm = 0.65, making the q-axis magnetic path width between adjacent magnetic poles small. While ensuring the strength of the rotor 1 to the maximum extent, the q-axis inductance is reduced, enabling the motor to operate at high speeds and reducing noise.

[0095] Comparing Figure 3 the performance parameters of the motor constituted by the rotor 1 provided in the embodiment shown with those of the motor in the related art; the existing example is as Figure 1 shown, adopting the "one"-shaped rotor structure, the number of permanent magnets under a single magnetic pole is 1 piece. The maximum amount of permanent magnets under a single magnetic pole is determined by the range defined by the outer circle of the rotor and the pole pitch angle of a single magnetic pole. The pole pitch angle of a single magnetic pole is determined by the number of poles of the motor. After the outer circle size of the rotor and the number of poles of the motor are determined, the diameter D1 of the outer contour line of the rotor is 60mm, the number of poles of the motor p = 4, and the thickness hm of the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet needs to meet the anti-demagnetization requirement. Setting hm = 2.3mm, then the maximum amount of permanent magnets under a single magnetic pole is also determined. The width of the permanent magnet is 19.1mm. At a high speed of 11000 revolutions per minute, the eddy current loss of the magnet is 47.3W, and the copper loss is 192.2W. Compared with the rotor 1 structure of the present invention, the width of the permanent magnet 110 under a single magnetic pole of the present invention is 22mm. At a high speed of 11000 revolutions per minute, the eddy current loss of the magnet is 9.5W, and the copper loss is 158.1W. The amount of magnets used is increased by 15.2%, the copper loss is reduced by 34.1W, the eddy current loss of the magnet is reduced by 37.8W, and the relative value of the motor efficiency (i.e., the subtraction value of the two efficiencies) is increased by 1.5%. The amount of permanent magnets 110 is increased to the maximum extent, the magnetic load is increased, and the motor power density is improved.

[0096] ComparingFigure 3 The motor performance parameters of the rotor 1 provided by the shown embodiment and those of the motor in the related art; the existing example is as Figure 2 the rotor structure shown, the permanent magnets under a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core is arranged as a complete circle, the air gap is uniformly designed, the air gaps corresponding to the d-axis and the q-axis are the same, resulting in large inter-pole leakage magnetic flux at the q-axis, high harmonic content of the back electromotive force, high no-load iron loss, small magnetic reluctance of the q-axis magnetic circuit, and large q-axis inductance. With the uniform design of the air gap, the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic density is high, and the iron loss and stray loss of the motor are large; the distance from the rivet hole to the magnet slot is large. Compared with the rotor 1 structure of the present invention, the air gap at the q-axis of the present invention is larger than that at the d-axis, the inter-pole leakage magnetic flux at the q-axis is small, the harmonic content of the back electromotive force is low, the magnetic reluctance of the q-axis magnetic circuit is large, and the q-axis inductance is small; the air gap is non-uniformly designed, which minimizes the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic density and improves the noise. The relative value of the harmonic content of the back electromotive force under no-load simulation (i.e., the subtracted value of the harmonic contents of the two) of the present invention is reduced by 7.55%, the no-load iron loss is reduced by 6.1%, the relative value of the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic density under no-load simulation (i.e., the subtracted value of the harmonic contents of the two) is reduced by 7%, and the smaller the harmonic content of the air-gap magnetic density, the better the motor noise; a first through hole 112 is provided in the area included by the diameter edge of the "V" shaped magnet slot 108 and the outer contour line of the rotor core 102, the q-axis magnetic circuit is saturated, the q-axis inductance is further reduced, and the q-axis inductance Lq is reduced by 12%; at a high speed of 11,000 revolutions per minute, the iron loss is reduced by 27 W, and the relative value of the motor efficiency (i.e., the subtracted value of the two efficiencies) is increased by 0.6%; the weight of the rotor 1 of the present invention is reduced by 6%.

[0097] Figure 6 is an embodiment of the present invention Figure 3 the motor with the rotor shown Figure 4 matched with the stator 2 and the existing example Figure 1 , Figure 2 the motor with the rotor shown Figure 4 matched with the stator 2 and the comparison of the no-load back electromotive force waveforms; the back electromotive force coefficient of the present invention is increased by 8.5% compared with the existing example of the straight shape, the back electromotive force has a large increase amplitude, at the same current, the motor torque is increased, the motor power density is increased, and the miniaturization of the motor is realized. The harmonic content of the back electromotive force of the present invention is reduced by 7.55% compared with the existing example of the "V" shape, and the lower the harmonic content of the back electromotive force, the smaller the iron loss generated by the harmonics, and the higher the motor efficiency.

[0098] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the first end plate 3 of an embodiment of the present invention. The structures of the first end plate 3 and the second end plate are the same, and both are provided with second through holes 302 that cooperate with the first through holes 112 provided in the rotor core 102 for gas flow, and connection holes 304 corresponding to the rivet holes 106 to meet the gas flow requirements after the miniaturization of the motor.

[0099] According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a compressor including the motor described in the above embodiments. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the motor, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0100] According to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an air conditioner including the compressor described in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the compressor, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including the motor described in any of the above embodiments or the compressor described in any of the above embodiments. Therefore, it has all the beneficial effects of the motor or the compressor, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0102] In the present invention, the term "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly defined. Terms such as "mounted", "connected", "coupled", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0103] In the description of this specification, the descriptions of terms such as "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments" and the like mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0104] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotor for use in an electric motor, characterized in that, The rotor includes: a rotor core, on which a plurality of magnet slots are provided; a permanent magnet, which is disposed in the magnet slot; a first through hole, which is provided on the rotor core, is close to one side of the outer contour line of the rotor core, and is located between the outer contour line of the rotor core and the magnet slot; wherein, the ratio of the minimum distance L1 from the first through hole to the magnet slot to the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3; Taking the symmetry axis of the magnet slot as the d-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the d-axis is D1; Taking the center line of the distance between two adjacent magnetic poles as the q-axis, the diameter of the outer contour line of the rotor core corresponding to the q-axis is D2, and the difference between D1 and D2 is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 1.6 mm; The minimum distance between the magnet slot and the outer contour line of the rotor core is greater than 0.5 mm.

2. The rotor according to claim 1, wherein the outer contour line of any cross-section of the rotor core includes at least 4 arcs and / or straight lines.

3. The rotor according to claim 2, wherein the distance value from the corresponding outer contour line between the adjacent d-axis and q-axis to the geometric center of the rotor core gradually decreases from D1 to L3 and then gradually increases to D2; wherein, L3 is the minimum value of the distances from all points on the outer contour line of the rotor core to the geometric center.

4. The rotor according to claim 3, wherein the difference between 1 / 2 of D1 and L3 is greater than or equal to 0.3 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

5. The rotor according to claim 3, wherein between the adjacent d-axis and q-axis, the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value of D1 from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core is θ1; the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 and then gradually increasing to D2 from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core is θ2; the central angle corresponding to the outer contour line with the distance value gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 from the outer contour line to the geometric center of the rotor core is θ3.

6. The rotor according to claim 5, wherein in the outer contour line corresponding to θ2, the outer contour line with the distance value gradually decreasing from D1 to L3 and the contour line with the distance value gradually increasing from L3 to D2 are of an asymmetric structure.

7. The rotor according to claim 5, wherein the ratio of θ2 to θ1 is greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 4; the ratio of θ2 to θ3 is greater than or equal to 1.1 and less than or equal to 2.

5.

8. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that It further includes: a center hole, which is provided on the rotor core and is used for passing through the shaft of the motor; The rivet holes are arranged on the rotor core. The rivet holes are located between two adjacent magnetic poles and are close to one end of the central hole. The minimum distance between the rivet holes and the magnet slots is L2, and the ratio of L2 to the thickness hm of the permanent magnet is greater than or equal to 0.3 and less than or equal to 2.

9. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that Further comprising: A first end plate and a second end plate, which are respectively arranged at two ends of the rotor core; A second through hole, which is arranged on the first end plate and the second end plate, and the second through hole is communicated with the first through hole.

10. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Further comprising: Electromagnetic steel sheets, which are stacked to form the rotor core; The minimum distance between the magnet slots and the outer contour line of the rotor core is greater than the thickness of the electromagnetic steel sheet.

11. The rotor according to claim 10, wherein The thickness of a single electromagnetic steel sheet is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

12. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The permanent magnet is a rare earth neodymium iron boron magnet; The number of the first through holes is multiple, and the multiple first through holes are arranged in a centrosymmetric manner around the geometric center of the rotor core.

13. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein All the permanent magnets corresponding to a single magnetic pole are arranged in a "V" shape or a "W" shape.

14. A motor, characterized in that, Comprising: A stator, which includes a rotor hole; And The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 13, and the rotor is arranged in the rotor hole.

15. A compressor, characterized in that, Including the motor according to claim 14.

16. An air conditioner, characterized in that, Including the compressor according to claim 15.

17. A vehicle, characterized in that, Including the motor according to claim 14; or the compressor according to claim 15.

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