Current sensors and related measurement systems

Abstract

The present invention relates to a current sensor and a related measurement system. The current sensor (6) comprises: an insulating substrate (10) having a central opening (12); a Rogowski coil (14) surrounding the central opening and comprising a first coil (16) and a second coil (18), the first coil (16) and the second coil (18) being stacked and electrically connected in series, the first coil and the second coil being respectively wound around the substrate along a first contour line (C1) and a second contour line (C2), each contour line defining a quadrilateral-shaped contour centered at the central opening in the plane of the substrate; wherein the length (L1) of the quadrilateral-shaped contour defined by the first contour line (C1) is greater than the length (L2) of the quadrilateral defined by the second contour line (C2), and its width (l1) is less than the width (l2) of the quadrilateral defined by the second contour line (C2).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a current sensor and a related measurement system. Background Art

[0002] A Rogowski winding is a current sensor capable of measuring the intensity of an alternating current flowing through an electrical conductor.

[0003] Such sensors generally comprise a coil wound around a closed contour around a central opening in which an electrical conductor is received. The current flowing through the electrical conductor induces a voltage between the terminals of the winding.

[0004] Rogowski coils can be manufactured on a printed circuit board (PCB). For example, an insulating substrate is pierced by a plurality of through holes arranged in a predetermined pattern on the face of the substrate along a closed contour around a central opening. The coil is formed by passing an electrical conductor through the through holes to form turns centered on the contour line.

[0005] Printed circuit board Rogowski windings (PCB Rogowski coils) have the particular advantage of being relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture on an industrial scale. They are also easy to miniaturize.

[0006] One disadvantage of such printed circuit board Rogowski sensors is that their gain is very low and may not be sufficient for some applications, particularly those related to power distribution equipment protection, such as when these sensors are used as current sensors in the trip mechanism of a circuit breaker. Such sensors may also suffer from diaphony problems, which may complicate the detection of electrical faults such as short circuit currents.

[0007] Therefore, there is a need for current sensors, particularly Rogowski coils for printed circuit boards, that overcome these disadvantages. Summary of the invention

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a current sensor comprises:

[0009] - an insulating substrate having a central opening;

[0010] - a Rogowski coil surrounding the central opening and comprising a first coil and a second coil, the first coil and the second coil being stacked and electrically connected in series, the first coil and the second coil being wound around the substrate along a first contour line and a second contour line, respectively, each contour line defining an outline of a quadrilateral shape centered on the central opening in the plane of the substrate;

[0011] The length of the outline of the quadrilateral shape defined by the first outline is greater than the length of the quadrilateral defined by the second outline, and the width thereof is less than the width of the quadrilateral defined by the second outline.

[0012] According to some advantageous but not essential aspects, such a current sensor may combine one or more of the following features, alone or in any technically feasible combination:

[0013] - Each coil is shared as a plurality of coil segments arranged around said central opening while being superposed and substantially aligned along the contour, each of said segments comprising a plurality of turns at least partially received in through holes pierced into the substrate, said through holes being aligned along rows.

[0014] - For each coil portion, the holes associated with the first and second coils are arranged in a quincunx shape.

[0015] - Each turn comprises diagonally oriented straight portions in the upper and lower faces of the coil, the straight portions of the coil being aligned along a covering strip extending parallel to the rows in each coil segment.

[0016] The current sensor comprises a connection region formed in one of the coil segments, the connection region comprising through holes arranged in a predetermined pattern, and further comprises additional through holes arranged in the same pattern and symmetrically arranged with respect to the connection region in the other coil segment.

[0017] The through hole is a through hole that passes through the entire depth of the central layer of the substrate.

[0018] The coil further comprises angled regions, each angled region being arranged at an angle between two adjacent coil segments, and the electrical conductors of the coil pass through the angled regions to connect the coil segments.

[0019] - A metal pad is arranged on the substrate at a position aligned with a turn of one of the coils in the winding.

[0020] - forming a shielding structure on at least a portion of the substrate to protect the sensor from electromagnetic interference, the structure comprising a conductive trace connected to an electrical ground.

[0021] According to another aspect of the present invention, a measurement system comprises a current sensor as described above and an electronic processing circuit configured to process a signal measured by the current sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The invention will be better understood and further advantages thereof will become more apparent from the following description of an embodiment of a current sensor given by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] [ Figure 1 ] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a measurement system including a current sensor according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] [ Figure 2 ] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of a current sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] [ Figure 3 ] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of a current sensor according to a variation of the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] [ Figure 4 ] Figure 4 It is shown Figure 2 A simplified schematic diagram of the stacked coils of the current sensor;

[0027] [ Figure 5 ] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a current sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] [ Figure 6 ] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a current sensor according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] [ Figure 7 ] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a current sensor according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] [ Figure 8 ] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a current sensor according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] [ Fig. 9 ] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a current sensor according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Figure 1 A measuring system 2 for measuring the intensity of an electric current flowing through an electrical conductor 4, such as a cable or a wire or a busbar, is shown.

[0033] In this case, the system 2 comprises a current sensor 6 and an electronic processing circuit 8 connected to the current sensor 6 and configured to process the signal measured by the current sensor 6 .

[0034] According to some embodiments, the current sensor 6 includes a Rogowski winding, which is formed on a substrate and includes two coils electrically connected in series, which are stacked and wound on the substrate.

[0035] The ends of the winding are connected to the input of a processing circuit 8 .

[0036] According to some examples, the current flowing through the electrical conductor induces a voltage between the terminals of the winding. This voltage is proportional to the time derivative of the intensity of the current flowing through the conductor 4. The processing circuit 8 is, for example, configured to calculate the value of the current based on the voltage signal provided at the output of the current sensor 6.

[0037] According to some embodiments, the current sensor 6 and the processing circuit 8 may be mounted on the same printed circuit board.

[0038] A first embodiment of the current sensor 6 is Figure 2 and 3 Shown in.

[0039] The current sensor 6 comprises an electrically insulating substrate 10 which preferably has a planar shape.

[0040] According to some examples, substrate 10 is a printed circuit board that includes one or more layer stacks of a cured polymer material such as FR-4 epoxy.

[0041] The substrate 10 may be manufactured, for example, by lamination or by material deposition or by additive manufacturing or by any other suitable method.

[0042] The coil is formed, for example, by winding a conductive wire during the manufacturing process of the substrate 10 or by depositing a metal layer.

[0043] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the current sensor 6 includes a Rogowski winding 14 surrounding an opening 12 formed in a substrate 10 .

[0044] The opening 12 is preferably located at the center of the substrate 10 .

[0045] For example, the opening 12 has a polygonal shape, for example a quadrilateral. As a variant, other shapes can be envisaged, for example a circle or an ellipse.

[0046] The winding 14 includes a first coil 16 and a second coil 18 which are stacked and electrically connected in series. The first coil 16 and the second coil 18 are wound on the substrate along a first contour line C1 and a second contour line C2, respectively.

[0047] Each contour line C1 and C2 defines an outline of a quadrilateral shape centered on the central opening in the plane of the substrate 10. For example, the quadrilateral is a rectangle.

[0048] from Figure 2 As can be seen in FIG. 1 , the coils 16 and 18 of the winding 14 are superposed and staggered with each other. For example, "staggered" is understood to mean that, over at least a portion of the length of the closed contour, the corresponding turns of the coils 16 and 18 are arranged alternately.

[0049] Preferably, the coils 16 and 18 are offset relative to each other in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 .

[0050] For example, each coil 16, 18 comprises an upper face and a lower face extending in a geometric plane parallel to the plane of the substrate 10. The electrical conductors forming the coils 16 and 18 then extend between the upper face and the lower face, passing through at least a portion of the thickness of the substrate 10 through a through hole oriented in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 (e.g., a through hole pierced in the substrate 10).

[0051] For example, the upper face of the coil 18 is arranged on the upper face of the substrate 10. The lower face of the coil 18 is arranged in the first inner layer in the substrate 10. The upper face of the coil 16 is arranged in the second inner layer in the substrate 10, and the lower face thereof is arranged on the lower face of the substrate 10, in which case the second inner layer is located between the upper face of the substrate 10 and the first inner layer.

[0052] In the example shown, Figure 2 A view of the upper face of the substrate 10 is shown. The electrical conductors of the coil 18 are shown in thin lines, and only the electrical conductors of the coil 16 located in the inner layer are shown in thick lines, those arranged on the lower face of the substrate 10 are not shown for ease of reading in the figure.

[0053] According to some examples, each coil 16 and 18 is shared as a plurality of rectilinear coil portions arranged around opening 12. These coil portions, hereinafter also referred to as coil segments, are arranged to define a quadrilateral around opening 12 and are substantially aligned along contour lines C1 and C2.

[0054] As a variant, the coil segments do not have to be rectilinear but can have a circular or arc-shaped shape.

[0055] In the example shown, four coil segments 20, 22, 24 and 26 are arranged end to end at right angles around the opening 12, parallel to the plane of the substrate 10, thereby forming a square or rectangle around the opening 12. Segments 20 and 24 are parallel and face each other on either side of the opening 12. Segments 22 and 26 are arranged face to face on either side of the opening 12 and are oriented perpendicular to segments 20 and 24.

[0056] Coils 16 and 18 also include angled regions 28, 30, 32, and 34, each of which is arranged at an angle between two adjacent coil segments. The electrical conductors of coils 16 and 18 pass through these angled regions to connect the coil segments in pairs. In the example shown, angled region 28 is adjacent to coil segments 20 and 22; angled region 30 is adjacent to coil segments 22 and 24, and so on.

[0057] Preferably, in each of said segments 20 , 22 , 24 , 26 , each coil 16 , 18 is wound into a plurality of turns formed at least partially by through holes pierced in the substrate, said through holes being aligned along the rows 36 , 38 , 40 , 42 .

[0058] For each coil segment 20, 22, 24 and 26 in the second inner layer, the conductor of coil 16 extends between a first row of through holes 36 and a second row of through holes 38. In coil sections 20 and 24, first row 36 is closer to opening 12 than second row 38, while for coil sections 22 and 24, second row 38 is closer to opening 12 than first row 26.

[0059] Likewise, for each coil segment 20, 22, 24, and 26, the conductor of coil 18 extends between a third row of through holes 40 and a fourth row of through holes 42 in the upper face of substrate 10. In coil segments 20 and 24, third row 40 is closer to opening 12 than fourth row 42, while for coil segments 22 and 24, fourth row 42 is closer to opening 12 than third row 40.

[0060] For example, the holes in the first row 36 and the holes in the third row 40 are arranged in a quincunx shape. The holes in the second row 38 and the holes in the fourth row 42 are arranged in a quincunx shape.

[0061] The lower faces of the coils 18 and 16 are arranged in the lower face of the substrate 10 and in the first inner layer, respectively, in the same manner.

[0062] like Figure 4 As shown, the length L1 of the outline of the quadrilateral shape defined by the first outline C1 is greater than the length L2 of the quadrilateral defined by the second outline C2, and its width l1 is smaller than the width l2 of the quadrilateral defined by the second outline C2.

[0063] This arrangement provides the sensor 6 with a better resistance to foldback phenomena, in particular when the windings are subjected to a uniform magnetic field. Specifically, the superposition of two coils of equal surface area but oriented opposite to each other makes it possible to eliminate the influence of a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the sensor. The quality of the measurement is thus improved.

[0064] Advantageously, each contour C1 and C2 has a protrusion, respectively indicated E1 and E2, which makes it possible to connect the coil to the processing circuit 8. Preferably, the protrusions E1 and E2 are superimposed.

[0065] According to some examples, in each of the rows 36, 38, 40 and 42, the holes are arranged at regular intervals and are preferably aligned in a straight line. However, as a variant, these rows are not necessarily straight lines, such as Figure 3 as shown in the example.

[0066] The coils 16 and 18 are staggered so that for each coil segment 20 , 22 , 24 and 26 , the holes in the first row 36 are aligned with the holes in the fourth row 42 , and the holes in the second row 38 are aligned with the holes in the third row 40 .

[0067] According to some embodiments, similar patterns may be used for angled regions 28, 30, 32, and 34. For example, in angled region 28, the holes for the conductors of coil 18 are aligned in two parallel rows that are located in extension of rows 38 and 40 of coil portion 20. The holes for the conductors of receiving coil 16 are aligned in two parallel rows that are located in extension of rows 36 and 42 of coil portion 22. Angled portions 30, 32, and 34 are constructed in the same manner.

[0068] An exemplary layout of the turns of the winding is now described. According to some embodiments, the turns of the winding have a pattern that allows for a quincunx arrangement of the holes.

[0069] For example, in each segment 20 , 22 , 24 and 26 , the coil 16 has a pattern in which, in the upper face of the coil, the electrical conductor forming the coil 16 includes a first straight portion extending from a row 40 in a direction parallel to the plane of the substrate 10 and perpendicular to the row 40 to the opposite row 42 .

[0070] The first straight portion is extended by a second diagonally oriented straight portion, which itself is extended by a third straight portion parallel to the first straight portion. These second and third portions are parallel to the plane of the substrate 10 and coplanar with the first straight portion. The diagonal portion makes it possible to laterally offset the electrical conductor so that it is positioned facing the corresponding hole of the row 42 instead of facing one of the holes of the row 38 provided for the second coil 18. The length of the third portion is similar or equal to that of the first portion.

[0071] The conductor then extends towards the lower face of the coil 18 by falling through the holes. Once on the opposite face, the conductor extends from the row 42 to the row 40 having a similar fourth straight portion superimposed on the third straight portion. The fourth portion is extended by a fifth diagonally oriented straight portion in the same manner as the second portion, except that it is inclined towards the opposite side. Preferably, the length of the fifth portion is equal to or substantially equal to (i.e. preferably less than or equal to 10%) the length of the second portion. The fifth portion itself extends towards the corresponding hole of the row 40 by a sixth straight portion parallel to the fourth straight portion. These fifth and sixth portions are parallel to the plane of the substrate 10 and are coplanar with the fourth straight portion.

[0072] The conductor then returns to the upper face of the coil 18 and the same pattern is reproduced as described above.

[0073] Coil 16 has a similar pattern along the straight sections, except for the fact that it is offset relative to the previous coil due to the quincunx arrangement of the holes along rows 36 and 40 and rows 38 and 42. Such a pattern is Figure 1 For the sake of clarity, the arrangement of the conductors in the lower part of the coil 16 is not shown in this figure. Instead, the arrangement of the conductors in the lower part of the coil 16 is shown in the figure below with reference to the coil 504. Figure 5 A similar pattern is readily seen in FIG. 5 . In particular, the conductor of coil 504 includes a straight portion similar to the conductor of coil 18. The diagonally oriented portion itself is also laterally offset relative to the conductor of coil 18 while being arranged perpendicular thereto, such as by being aligned along a cover strip extending parallel to rows 36, 38, 40 and 42, such as being located midway between rows 36 and 42.

[0074] In other words, each turn comprises diagonally oriented rectilinear portions in the upper and lower faces of the coil, the rectilinear portions of the coil being aligned along cover strips extending parallel to said rows 36 , 38 , 40 and 42 in each coil segment.

[0075] This arrangement makes it possible to achieve a compact winding with a high turns density, thereby improving the performance of the sensor 6 .

[0076] A similar pattern may be used for angled regions 28 , 30 , 32 , and 34 , except that the conductors of coil 16 are not arranged parallel to the conductors of coil 18 , but are instead arranged perpendicular thereto in the plane of substrate 10 .

[0077] As a variation, Figure 4 As shown, the rows are not necessarily rectilinear, but may follow a circular profile, for example in the shape of an arc of a circle. Such a non-rectilinear arrangement may be useful for optimizing the arrangement of the holes and thus saving space on the substrate 10. The alignment of the holes may therefore be only partially rectilinear, that is, at least some of the holes of the row (for example, up to 20% or 40% or 60% of the holes) are misaligned.

[0078] Figure 5 An embodiment of the present invention is shown, which can be used with Figure 2 or Figure 3 The present invention may be implemented in combination with the embodiments of the present invention or, as an alternative, may be implemented independently of these embodiments.

[0079] In this figure, a portion of a sensor 400 similar to sensor 6 is shown in a cross-sectional view in a geometrical plane perpendicular to the plane of substrate 10 .

[0080] According to some examples, substrate 10 includes layer 402 covered by lower layer 404 and upper layer 405 .

[0081] Sensor 400 includes a Rogowski coil that includes a coil that functions similarly to coils 16 and 18 , but is also interwoven within substrate 10 .

[0082] A plurality of first through holes 406, 408 are formed in the substrate 10, each extending in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 between an upper end 410 formed at the junction between the layers 405 and 402 and a lower end 412 formed on the lower layer 404. The first through holes 406, 408 are associated, for example, with the second coil 18 of the winding.

[0083] A plurality of second through holes 414, in Figure 4 Only one of them is visible, each extending in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate 10 between a lower end 416 at the junction between the layers 404 and 402 and an upper end 418 formed on the layer 405. The second through hole 414 is for example associated with the first coil 16 of the winding.

[0084] It will be appreciated that the through holes 406 , 408 and 414 make it possible to form through holes that carry the turns of the coils of the guide windings. The through holes extend through the entire depth of the layer 402 .

[0085] Thus, the substrate 10 can be constructed more easily so that the coils of the winding are interlaced. In particular, the manufacturing method is simplified, since only one metallization step is required, unlike a substrate formed of stacked layers, in which blind vias lead to the middle layers of the stack, which requires at least three separate metallization steps, thereby increasing the cost and complexity of the manufacturing method.

[0086] Figure 5 Another embodiment of a sensor 6 is shown. A sensor 500 similar to the sensor 6 described above comprises a winding 502 comprising a first coil 504 and a second coil 506 wound on a substrate provided with an opening 508. The coils 504 and 506 comprise winding segments 510, 512, 514 and 516, which are similar to the winding sections 20 to 26 described above.

[0087] The sensor 500 differs from the sensor 6 in particular in that the sensor 500 comprises at least one connection area 518 formed in one of the coil parts to allow the winding to be electrically connected to the processing circuit 8 .

[0088] For example, the connection region 518 includes a contact pad to which a terminal of each of the coils 504 and 506 is connected. For example, the connection region 518 is formed at half the width of the coil portion 514.

[0089] In order to allow the electrical conductors of the coils 506 and 508 to pass through the substrate 10 to the connection pads, the connection area 518 includes additional through holes. In the example shown, these additional through holes are formed at rows of holes (similar to the rows 38 and 42 described above) near the edge of the substrate 10. The additional through holes are arranged in a predetermined pattern.

[0090] Advantageously, a similar pattern 520 (but not necessarily including the additional through-holes) is arranged on the coil segment 510 symmetrically with respect to the connection region 518 .

[0091] This arrangement makes it possible to maintain the symmetry of the winding. Thus, the coil can be easily connected to a measurement circuit outside the sensor 500 without additionally introducing anisotropic sensor behavior. Additional patterns 522 and 524 of similar shape are preferably arranged symmetrically on the other coil segments 512 and 514.

[0092] Figure 6 and Figure 7 Other embodiments of sensor 6 or sensor 500 are shown.

[0093] refer to Figure 6 A sensor 600 similar to the sensor 6 described above is depicted, comprising a winding 602 comprising a first coil 604 and a second coil 606 wound on a substrate provided with an opening 608. The coils 604 and 606 comprise coil segments 610, 612, 614 and 616, which are similar to the coil portions 20 to 26 described above.

[0094] Sensor 600 differs from sensor 6 in particular in that a metal pad 618 is arranged on substrate 10, for example on the upper face of substrate 10. Pad 618 forms a soldering pad to allow assembly of at least two sensors by soldering with good mechanical strength. Pad 618 has, for example, a rectangular shape.

[0095] Metal pads 618 are preferably arranged at positions aligned with the turns of one coil of the winding, such as coil 606. In the example shown, these positions are located in coil segments 610, 612, 614 and 618 perpendicular to the turns of coil 606, preferably above the turns of coil 606.

[0096] As the upper face of coil 606 extends into one of the inner layers in substrate 10 below the upper face of substrate 10, sheet 618 does not contact coil 606. Furthermore, sheet 618 is sized to not contact coil 604 and is therefore electrically isolated from winding 602.

[0097] This arrangement makes it possible to maintain a compact winding with a high turns density.

[0098] Preferably, each sheet 618 is located midway between rows of holes 36 and 42. To this end, the shape of the turns of coils 604 and 606 can be modified, for example, by moving the diagonal portion of the conductor toward one of rows 36 or 42, such as Figure 6 The shape of the rows 36, 38, 40 or 42 can then be modified locally so that they no longer have a straight alignment.

[0099] Alternatively, the alignment may be partially linear, that is, at least some of the holes in the row (eg, up to 20% or 40% or 60% of the holes) are misaligned.

[0100] refer to Figure 7 A sensor 700 similar to sensor 7 is depicted, which includes a winding 702, which includes a first coil 704 and a second coil 706, which are wound on a substrate provided with an opening 708. Coils 704 and 706 include coil segments 710, 712, 714 and 716, which are similar to coil sections 610, 612, 614 and 616 described above. Sensor 700 also includes a sheet similar to sheet 618 but in Figure 7 Invisible reinforcement plate.

[0101] Sensor 700 differs from sensor 600 in that, among other things, the shape of some rows may be modified, such as to follow a curved arc shape, such as illustrated by dashed line 718. Angled areas of coils 704 and 706 may also be modified to receive a reinforcing sheet similar to sheet 618.

[0102] Figure 8 Another embodiment of the sensor 6 is described. In this embodiment, the sensor 800 comprises a shielding structure 802 on at least a portion of the substrate to protect the sensor from electromagnetic interference. The structure 802 is preferably arranged on the edge of the substrate to avoid electromagnetic coupling between the winding and the power supply of the measurement system 2.

[0103] For example, structure 802 includes a conductive trace 804 that is connected to an electrical ground, such as the electrical ground of system 2, and is deposited on a face of the substrate.

[0104] Advantageously, the aperture 806 pierces the substrate along the trace 804 .

[0105] The embodiments and variations envisaged above can be combined with one another to produce new embodiments.

[0106] In particular, each embodiment described with reference to the various figures can be implemented independently of the other embodiments.

Claims

1. A current sensor (6), comprising: - an insulating substrate (10) having a central opening (12); - a Rogowski coil (14) surrounding the central opening and comprising a first coil (16) and a second coil (18), the first coil (16) and the second coil (18) being stacked and electrically connected in series, the first coil and the second coil being wound around the substrate along a first contour line (C1) and a second contour line (C2), respectively, each contour line defining a quadrilateral-shaped contour centered on the central opening in the plane of the substrate; It is characterized in that the length (L1) of the outline of the quadrilateral shape defined by the first contour line (C1) in the first direction is greater than the length (L2) of the quadrilateral defined by the second contour line (C2) in the second direction, and its width (l1) in the second direction perpendicular to the first direction is smaller than the width (l2) of the quadrilateral defined by the second contour line (C2) in the second direction.

2. The current sensor according to claim 1, wherein: Each coil (16, 18) is shared as a plurality of coil segments (20, 22, 24, 26) arranged around the central opening while being superposed and substantially aligned along contour lines (C1, C2), each of the segments (20, 22, 24, 26) comprising a plurality of turns at least partially received in through holes pierced into the substrate, the through holes being aligned along rows (36, 38, 40, 42).

3. The current sensor according to claim 2, wherein: For each coil section, the holes associated with the first and second coils are arranged in a quincunx shape.

4. The current sensor according to claim 3, wherein: Each turn comprises diagonally oriented straight portions in the upper and lower faces of the coil, the straight portions of the coil being aligned along cover strips extending parallel to the rows (36, 38, 40, 42) in each coil segment.

5. The current sensor according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The current sensor (500) includes a connection area (518) formed in one of the coil segments, the connection area including through holes arranged in a predetermined pattern, and the current sensor (500) also includes additional through holes (520, 522, 524) arranged in the same pattern and arranged symmetrically with respect to the connection area in the other coil segment.

6. The current sensor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: The through hole is a through hole (404, 406, 414) that penetrates the entire depth of the central layer (402) of the substrate.

7. The current sensor according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: The coil (16, 18) further comprises angled regions (28, 30, 32, 34), each angled region being arranged at an angle between two adjacent coil segments, and electrical conductors of the coil pass through the angled regions to connect the coil segments.

8. The current sensor (600, 700) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein A metal pad (618) is disposed on the substrate at a location aligned with a turn of one of the coils in the winding.

9. The current sensor (800) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein: A shielding structure (802) is formed on at least a portion of the substrate to protect the sensor from electromagnetic interference, the structure including a conductive trace (804) connected to an electrical ground.

10. A measuring system (2), characterized in that It comprises a current sensor (6; 6') according to any one of the preceding claims, and an electronic processing circuit (8) configured to process the signal measured by the current sensor (6; 6').

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