An environmentally friendly plasma treatment device and process for harmful soot

Abstract

The present invention discloses a harmful smoke and dust plasma environmental protection treatment device and process, including a harmful smoke and dust storage tank, a pressure regulator, a plasma processor and a heat exchanger. The discharge port of the harmful smoke and dust storage tank is connected to the feed port of the plasma processor through the pressure regulator. The discharge port of the plasma processor is connected with a thermal insulation nozzle, and the discharge port of the thermal insulation nozzle is connected to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is connected to a multi-tube bag filter through a pipeline. The gas outlet of the multi-tube bag filter is connected to an air purifier, and the dust outlet is connected to a medicine preparation tank. The medicine preparation tank is connected to an electrolytic cell through a pipeline. The electrolytic cell is sequentially connected to a vacuum filter and a microwave dryer. Through the present invention, harmful smoke and dust are first decomposed and treated by the plasma processor. The central temperature of the plasma reaches about 10,000 degrees Celsius, so that the harmful smoke and dust are instantly decomposed. Then, the dust collected by the multi-tube bag filter is electrolytically treated to obtain accessory products, and the flue gas is purified and discharged up to standard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment and environmental protection, and specifically relates to a harmful smoke and dust plasma environmental protection treatment device and an extraction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Metallurgical industry smoke: acidic gases: including HCl, hydrogen halides (halogens other than chloride, fluorine, bromine, iodine, SO2 or SO3, NO x , P2O5), etc. Heavy metal pollutants: including lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, rare metal elements, oxides, and chlorides. These harmful substances are mixed in smoke and dust, causing a significant impact on the environment and becoming an urgent environmental issue that needs to be addressed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly plasma treatment device for harmful smoke and dust.

[0004] The second purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly plasma treatment process for harmful smoke.

[0005] The first object of the present invention is achieved in this way, including a harmful smoke storage tank, a pressure regulator, a plasma processor and a heat exchanger, the discharge port of the harmful smoke storage tank is connected to the feed port of the plasma processor through the pressure regulator, the discharge port of the plasma processor is connected to the insulation nozzle, the discharge port of the insulation nozzle is connected to the heat exchanger, a quartz tube is set in the center of the plasma processor, the quartz tube is inserted into the insulation nozzle, the heat exchanger is connected to the refrigerator, the harmful smoke enters the insulation nozzle through the plasma center for decomposition and is then sent to the heat exchanger for rapid cooling to below 100 degrees Celsius, the heat exchanger is connected to a multi-tube bag dust collector through a pipeline, the gas outlet of the multi-tube bag dust collector is connected to an air purifier, the dust outlet is connected to a dispensing tank, the dispensing tank is connected to an electrolytic cell through a pipeline, and the electrolytic cell is sequentially connected to a vacuum filter and a microwave dryer.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is achieved by comprising the following steps: Step 1, harmful smoke is sent into a harmful smoke storage tank through a compressor, and is sent into a plasma processor for decomposition treatment after the flow rate is adjusted to 1-1.2 m³ / min by a pressure regulator;

[0007] Step 2: The harmful smoke passes through the plasma center and enters the heat preservation nozzle for full decomposition. It is then sent to the heat exchanger for rapid cooling to below 100 degrees Celsius. The temperature of the smoke outlet of the heat exchanger is adjusted to below 100 degrees Celsius.

[0008] Step 3: The dust after being cooled by the heat exchanger is sucked by a high-pressure blower and sent to a multi-tube bag filter for dust removal. When the cloth bags of the dust collector are covered with dust, the high-pressure blower is shut down by a timer, and compressed air at 0.6 - 0.8 Mpa is immediately opened through a solenoid valve. High-pressure air is ejected through the air injection pipes inside the cloth bags of the dust collector, and the dust on the cloth bags is blown down to the bottom of the dust collector from top to bottom for collection. This process is reciprocally alternated to complete the intermittent working process;

[0009] Step 4: The gas after dust removal by the multi-tube bag filter is sent to a gas-liquid mixer. Absorbing drugs are prepared according to different gas properties and mixed with liquid deionized water, and are circulated and absorbed in an air purifier. After reaching the standard, it is discharged. When the drugs in the air purifier reach a certain concentration, they are discharged for concentrated crystallization and recovery;

[0010] Step 5: Prepare the drugs in the dosing tank according to the dust collected by the multi-tube bag filter. The solid-liquid ratio of the drugs is 1:3 - 5, and the liquid-dust ratio of the liquid medicine is 1:4 - 10. At this time, open Valve No. 6 and close Valve No. 5 for circulating stirring. After sufficient stirring, open Valve No. 2 and close Valve No. 1, and send the slurry to an electrolytic cell for electrolysis. Metals are extracted at the negative electrode. When electrolyzing, open Valve No. 3 and close Valve No. 4, and perform electrolysis in a circulating state. After electrolysis is completed, close Valve No. 3 and open Valve No. 4 to send the non-metallic substances after electrolysis to a vacuum filter for filtration. The solid substances filtered out are sent to a microwave dryer to be dried into building materials products.

[0011] Advantages of the present invention: Through the setting of the special structure of the present invention, harmful dust is first decomposed and treated by a plasma processor. The central temperature of the plasma reaches about 10,000 degrees Celsius, which can accelerate the thermochemical conversion and instantly decompose the harmful dust. Then, the dust collected by the multi-tube bag filter is electrolytically treated to obtain by-products, and the flue gas is purified and discharged after reaching the standard. The harmful dust treated by this device not only solves the major problem of environmental impact but also turns waste into treasure. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0013] In the figure: 1 - harmful dust storage tank, 2 - pressure regulator, 3 - plasma processor, 4 - plasma power supply, 5 - heat preservation nozzle, 6 - heat exchanger, 7 - refrigerator, 8 - high-pressure blower, 9 - multi-tube bag filter, 10 - timer, 11 - air compressor, 12 - solenoid valve, 13 - gas-liquid mixer, 14 - air purifier, 15 - dosing tank, 16 - Valve No. 1, 17 - Valve No. 2, 18 - electrolytic cell, 19 - electrolysis power supply, 20 - Valve No. 3, 21 - Valve No. 4, 22 - vacuum filter, 2 Detailed implementation mode

[0014] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention shall not be limited in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the teachings of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0015] As Figure 1 shown, the device of the present invention includes a harmful smoke and dust storage tank 1, a pressure regulator 2, a plasma processor 3 and a heat exchanger 6. It is characterized in that the discharge port of the harmful smoke and dust storage tank 1 is connected to the feed port of the plasma processor 3 through the pressure regulator 2. The discharge port of the plasma processor 3 is connected with a heat preservation nozzle 5. The discharge port of the heat preservation nozzle 5 is connected to the heat exchanger 6. A quartz tube is arranged in the center of the plasma processor 3 and inserted into the heat preservation nozzle 5. The heat exchanger 6 is connected to a refrigerator 7. Harmful smoke and dust enters the heat preservation nozzle 5 through the center of the plasma and is decomposed and then sent to the heat exchanger 6 for rapid cooling to below 100 degrees Celsius. The heat exchanger 6 is connected to a multi-tube bag filter 9 through a pipeline. The gas outlet of the multi-tube bag filter 9 is connected to an air purifier 14, and the dust outlet is connected to a medicine preparation tank 15. The medicine preparation tank 15 is connected to an electrolytic cell 18 through a pipeline. The electrolytic cell 18 is successively connected to a vacuum filter 22 and a microwave dryer 23.

[0016] A quartz tube is arranged in the center of the plasma processor 3 and inserted into the heat preservation nozzle 5.

[0017] A high-pressure blower 8 is arranged between the heat exchanger 6 and the multi-tube bag filter 9. The high-pressure blower 8 is connected to a timer 10, and the timer 10 is connected to a solenoid valve 12. The multi-tube bag filter 9 is connected to an air compressor 11. The solenoid valve 12 controls the opening and closing of the air compressor 11.

[0018] The gas outlet of the multi-tube bag filter 9 is connected to a gas-liquid mixer 13. The gas-liquid mixer 13 is connected to the air purifier 14. A circulation pump is arranged between the air purifier 14 and the gas-liquid mixer 13 to form a loop.

[0019] The medicine preparation tank 15 is communicated with the vacuum filter 22 through a discharge pipeline. A fifth valve 25 and a sixth valve 26 are arranged on the discharge pipeline.

[0020] A branch pipe is arranged between the fifth valve 25 and the sixth valve 26. The branch pipe is connected to the feed port of the medicine preparation tank 15 through a circulation pump. A first valve 16 is arranged on the branch pipe. A branch pipe is arranged on the branch pipe and connected to the electrolytic cell 18. A second valve 17 is arranged on the branch pipe.

[0021] A sub - pipe is provided at the discharge port of the electrolytic cell 18. The sub - pipe is connected to the vacuum filter 22 through a circulation pump. A fourth valve 21 is provided on the sub - pipe. The sub - pipe is provided with a branch pipe connected to the material inlet of the electrolytic cell 18, and a third valve 20 is provided on the branch pipe.

[0022] The heat exchanger 6 described above is connected to the refrigerator 7.

[0023] A discharger is provided at the bottom of the multi - tube bag filter 9. The discharger is connected to the dosing tank 15 through a pipeline.

[0024] The microwave dryer 23 described above is connected to the microwave generator 27.

[0025] The process of the present invention includes the following steps: Specifically, in step one, the harmful smoke and dust are sent into the harmful smoke and dust storage tank 1 through a compressor, and the flow rate is adjusted to 1 - 1.2 m³ / min by the pressure regulator 2 and then sent into the plasma processor 3 for decomposition treatment.

[0026] In step two, the harmful smoke and dust enter the heat preservation nozzle 5 through the plasma center, are fully decomposed and then sent into the heat exchanger 6 for rapid cooling to below 100 degrees Celsius, and the temperature at the smoke and dust outlet of the heat exchanger 6 is adjusted to below 100 degrees Celsius.

[0027] In step three, the smoke and dust cooled by the heat exchanger 6 are sucked into the multi - tube bag filter 9 by the high - pressure blower 8 to complete dust removal. When the filter bags of the dust collector are covered with dust, the high - pressure blower 8 is shut down by the timer 10, and immediately the compressed air at 0.6 - 0.8 Mpa is opened through the solenoid valve 12, and the high - pressure air is ejected through the air injection pipe inside the filter bags of the dust collector, and the dust on the filter bags is blown down to the bottom of the dust collector from top to bottom for collection, and the reciprocating alternation is carried out to complete the intermittent working process.

[0028] In step four, the gas after dust removal by the multi - tube bag filter 9 is sent to the gas - liquid mixer 13. According to different gas properties, absorption drugs are prepared, mixed with the liquid deionized water, and circulated and absorbed in the air purifier 14. After reaching the standard, it is discharged. When the drugs in the air purifier 14 reach a certain concentration, they are discharged for concentrated crystallization and recovery.

[0029] In step five, according to the dust collected by the multi - tube bag filter 9, the drugs in the dosing tank 15 are prepared. The solid - liquid ratio of the drugs is 1:3 - 5, and the liquid - solid ratio of the liquid medicine to the dust is 1:4 - 10. At this time, the sixth valve 26 is opened, the fifth valve 25 is closed for circulating stirring. After sufficient stirring, the second valve 17 is opened, the first valve 16 is closed, and the slurry is sent into the electrolytic cell 18 for electrolysis. Metals are extracted at the negative electrode. During electrolysis, the third valve 20 is opened, the fourth valve 21 is closed, and electrolysis is carried out in a circulating state. After electrolysis is completed, the third valve 20 is closed, the fourth valve 21 is opened, and the non - metallic substances after electrolysis are sent to the vacuum filter 22 for filtration. The filtered solid substances are sent to the microwave dryer 23 for drying into building materials products.

[0030] In Step 5, the liquid of the vacuum filter 22 is pumped into the dosing tank 15 through the opened No. 5 valve 25 for recycling.

[0031] The plasma contains a large number of chemically active particles, such as atoms (C, H, O), atomic groups (OH, H2, O2), ions (O2 - , H2 - , OH + , O + , H + ), and electrons, etc. The central temperature of the plasma reaches about 10,000 degrees Celsius, which can accelerate the thermochemical conversion and instantly decompose the harmful soot.

[0032] The plasma energy consumption is about 30% of that of organic fuels, making it the preferred solution for energy-saving and environmentally friendly treatment of harmful soot.

[0033] The harmful soot is sent into the harmful soot storage tank 1 through a compressor, and the flow rate is adjusted to 1 cubic meter / min by the pressure regulator 2 and then sent into the plasma processor 3 for decomposition treatment. Since most of the soot is acidic, a quartz tube is used in the center of the plasma processor for feeding. The soot enters the heat preservation nozzle 5 through the center of the plasma and is fully decomposed, and then sent into the heat exchanger 6 to be rapidly cooled to below 100 degrees Celsius to prevent the formation of dioxins. The heat exchanger 6 is made of 316 stainless steel, and the cooling water of the heat exchanger 6 is provided by the cooler 7, and the temperature of the soot outlet is adjusted to below 100 degrees Celsius.

[0034] The soot cooled by the heat exchanger 6 is sucked into the multi-tube bag filter 9 by the high-pressure blower 8, and the bag material is made of temperature-resistant glass fiber or polytetrafluoroethylene fiber.

[0035] The bag filter 9 completes the dust removal work in an intermittent manner. When the bags of the dust collector are covered with dust, the high-pressure blower 8 is shut down by the timer 10, and the compressed air at 0.6 - 0.8 Mpa is immediately opened through the solenoid valve 12, and the high-pressure air is sprayed out through the air injection pipe inside the bags of the dust collector, and the dust on the bags is blown to the bottom of the dust collector in the reverse direction for collection. This process is repeated alternately to complete the intermittent work process, and the high-pressure air is provided by the air compressor 11. The gas after the dust collector 9 removes dust, such as acidic gases: including HCl, halogens other than hydrogen halide chloride, fluorine, bromine, iodine, SO2 or SO3, NO x, P2O5, etc. are sent to the gas-liquid mixer 13. According to different gas properties, absorbent drugs are prepared. The drugs include sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride, sodium sulfide, sodium carbonate, ammonia water, etc. The solid-liquid ratio of the drugs is 1:5 - 10, and the liquid is deionized water for mixing. It is circulated and absorbed in the air purifier 14 and discharged after reaching the standard. When the drugs in the air purifier 14 reach a certain concentration, they are discharged for concentrated crystallization and recovery. For example, during the contact between the flue gas and 10% ammonia water desulfurization liquid and the washing process, SO2 is absorbed by the desulfurization liquid, and the following overall reactions occur:

[0036] SO2 + 2NH3 + H2O = (NH4)2SO3

[0037] SO2 + (NH4)2SO3 + H2O = 2NH4HSO3

[0038] NH3 + NH4HSO3 = (NH4)2SO3

[0039] Ammonium sulfite is oxidized by the blown oxidation air to ammonium sulfate:

[0040] 2(NH4)2SO3 + O2 = 2(NH4)2SO4

[0041] The dust in the multi-tube dust collector 9 is mostly heavy metal pollutants: including lead, mercury, chromium, cadmium, arsenic, elements of rare metals, oxides, chlorides, etc. The drugs in the dispensing tank 15 are prepared according to the detected main content of the dust. The solid-liquid ratio of the drugs is 1:3 - 5, and the liquid-dust ratio is 1:4 - 10. At this time, the sixth valve 26 should be opened and the fifth valve 25 should be closed for circulating stirring. The drug preparation is as follows:

[0042] Sodium chloride leaches lead-containing waste:

[0043] PbSO4 + 2NaCl = PbCl2 + Na2SO4

[0044] Sodium carbonate solution is mainly used to leach certain oxidized roasting slags, phosphorus-containing, vanadium-containing, etc. wastes:

[0045] P2O5 + 3Na2CO3 = 2Na3PO4 + 3CO2

[0046] V2O5 + Na2CO3 = 2NaVO3 + CO2

[0047] When the medicine preparation tank 15 finishes preparation, open the second valve 17 and close the first valve 16. Then send the slurry into the electrolytic cell 18 for electrolysis. The electrical energy of the electrolytic cell 18 is provided by the electrolysis power supply 19. Extract the metal at the negative electrode. When electrolyzing, open the third valve 20 and close the fourth valve 21, and carry out the electrolysis work in a circulating state. After electrolysis is completed, close the third valve 20 and open the fourth valve 21 to send the non-metallic substances after electrolysis to the vacuum filter 21 for filtration. The solid substances filtered out are sent to the microwave dryer 23 for drying into building materials products. The microwave dryer 23 is powered by the microwave power supply 24. The liquid of the vacuum filter 22 opens the fifth valve 25 and closes the sixth valve 26, and pumps the liquid into the medicine preparation tank 15 for recycling.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly plasma treatment device for harmful soot, comprising a harmful soot storage tank (1), a pressure regulator (2), a plasma processor (3) and a heat exchanger (6), characterized in that, The discharge port of the harmful soot storage tank (1) is connected to the feed port of the plasma processor (3) through a pressure regulator (2). The discharge port of the plasma processor (3) is connected with a heat preservation nozzle (5). The discharge port of the heat preservation nozzle (5) is connected to a heat exchanger (6). A quartz tube is arranged in the center of the plasma processor (3), and the quartz tube is inserted into the interior of the heat preservation nozzle (5). The heat exchanger (6) is connected to a refrigerator (7). The harmful soot enters the heat preservation nozzle (5) through the plasma center, is decomposed and then sent to the heat exchanger (6) to be rapidly cooled to below 100 degrees Celsius. The heat exchanger (6) is connected to a multi-tube bag filter (9) through a pipeline. The gas outlet of the multi-tube bag filter (9) is connected to an air purifier (14), and the dust outlet is connected to a medicine preparation tank (15). The medicine preparation tank (15) is connected to an electrolytic cell (18) through a pipeline. The electrolytic cell (18) is successively connected to a vacuum filter (22) and a microwave dryer (23).

2. The harmful smoke and dust plasma environmental protection treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that A high-pressure blower (8) is arranged between the heat exchanger (6) and the multi-tube bag filter (9). The high-pressure blower (8) is connected to a timer (10), and the timer (10) is connected to a solenoid valve (12). The multi-tube bag filter (9) is connected to an air compressor (11), and the solenoid valve (12) controls the opening and closing of the air compressor (11).

3. The harmful smoke plasma environmental protection treatment device according to claim 1, wherein The gas outlet of the multi-tube bag filter (9) is connected to a gas-liquid mixer (13). The gas-liquid mixer (13) is connected to the air purifier (14). A circulation pump is arranged between the air purifier (14) and the gas-liquid mixer (13) to form a loop.

4. The harmful smoke and dust plasma environmental protection treatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vacuum filter (22) is communicated with the medicine preparation tank (15) through a discharge pipeline. A fifth valve (25) and a sixth valve (26) are arranged on the discharge pipeline.

5. The harmful smoke and dust plasma environmental protection treatment device according to claim 4, wherein A branch pipe is arranged between the fifth valve (25) and the sixth valve (26). The branch pipe is connected to the feed port of the medicine preparation tank (15) through a circulation pump. A first valve (16) is arranged on the branch pipe. A branch is arranged on the branch pipe and connected to the electrolytic cell (18), and a second valve (17) is arranged on the branch.

6. The harmful smoke and dust plasma environmental protection treatment device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A branch pipe is arranged at the discharge port of the electrolytic cell (18). The branch pipe is connected to the vacuum filter (22) through a circulation pump. A fourth valve (21) is arranged on the branch pipe. The branch pipe is provided with a branch connected to the material inlet of the electrolytic cell (18), and a third valve (20) is arranged on the branch.

7. The process for treating harmful soot by the device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Step 1, the harmful soot is sent into the harmful soot storage tank (1) through a compressor, and after being regulated by the pressure regulator (2) to a flow rate of 1 - 1.2 m² / min, it is sent into the plasma processor (3) for decomposition treatment; Step 2, the harmful soot enters the heat preservation nozzle (5) through the plasma center, is fully decomposed and then sent to the heat exchanger (6) to be rapidly cooled to below 100 degrees Celsius, and the temperature of the soot outlet of the heat exchanger (6) is adjusted to below 100 degrees Celsius; Step 3: The soot cooled by the heat exchanger (6) is sucked by the high-pressure blower (8) into the multi-tube bag filter (9) to complete dust removal. When the bags of the dust collector are covered with dust, the high-pressure blower (8) is shut down by the timer (10), and compressed air at 0.6 - 0.8 Mpa is immediately turned on through the solenoid valve (12). High-pressure air is ejected through the air injection pipes inside the bags of the dust collector, and the dust on the bags is blown down to the bottom of the dust collector from top to bottom for collection. This process is repeated alternately to complete the intermittent working process; Step 4: The gas after dust removal by the multi-tube bag filter (9) is sent to the gas-liquid mixer (13). Absorbing drugs are prepared according to different gas properties and mixed with deionized water. The mixture is circulated and absorbed in the air purifier (14) and discharged after reaching the standard. When the drugs in the air purifier (14) reach a certain concentration, they are discharged for concentrated crystallization and recovery; Step 5: According to the dust collected by the multi-tube bag filter (9), the drugs in the dosing tank (15) are prepared. The solid-liquid ratio of the drugs is 1:3 - 5, and the ratio of the liquid medicine to the dust is 1:4 - 10. At this time, the sixth valve (26) is opened and the fifth valve (25) is closed for circulating stirring. After sufficient stirring, the second valve (17) is opened and the first valve (16) is closed, and the slurry is sent to the electrolytic cell (18) for electrolysis. Metals are extracted at the negative electrode. When electrolyzing, the third valve (20) is opened and the fourth valve (21) is closed, and electrolysis is carried out in a circulating state. After electrolysis is completed, the third valve (20) is closed and the fourth valve (21) is opened to send the non-metallic substances after electrolysis to the vacuum filter (22) for filtration. The solid substances filtered out are sent to the microwave dryer (23) to be dried into building materials products.

8. The process according to claim 7, characterized in that, In Step 5, the liquid of the vacuum filter (22) is pumped into the dosing tank (15) through the opening of the fifth valve (25) for recycling.

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