An electromagnetic clutch

Abstract

The present invention discloses an electromagnetic clutch, which includes a fixed component, a driven component and an elastic component. The fixed component includes a yoke, on which a plurality of iron cores are arranged, each of which is provided with a coil, and the driven component includes an armature plate, on which a plurality of magnets are arranged; the armature plate is arranged correspondingly to the yoke, and the iron core is arranged correspondingly to the magnet; the elastic component is used to keep the armature plate in a separation position from the yoke; when the coil is energized in the forward direction, the iron core attracts the magnet, and the armature plate overcomes the elastic force of the elastic component and moves to the attraction position with the yoke, so that the fixed component and the driven component realize transmission connection; when the coil is energized in the reverse direction, the iron core generates an electromagnetic force to reduce the attraction force of the magnet, and the elastic force of the elastic component overcomes the attraction force of the magnet, pushing the armature plate to the separation position from the yoke. The electromagnetic clutch in the present invention does not need to be energized in the separation state and the attraction state, has low energy consumption, low heat generation, and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of clutches, and in particular relates to an electromagnetic clutch. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the automobile industry, electromagnetic clutches are increasingly used in new energy vehicles. Users are increasingly demanding the balance between the energy consumption, heat generation and life of electromagnetic clutches. However, there are many disadvantages and problems with the use of traditional electromagnetic clutches. At present, traditional electromagnetic clutches have disadvantages such as energy consumption, heat generation, and the electromagnetic force being affected by current fluctuations, which leads to high heat generation of the electromagnetic clutch and high energy consumption of the clutch, which affects the performance and service life of the electromagnetic clutch to a certain extent. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present invention discloses an electromagnetic clutch to overcome the above problems or at least partially solve the above problems.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present invention discloses an electromagnetic clutch, which comprises a fixed component, a driven component and an elastic component, wherein the fixed component comprises a yoke, a plurality of iron cores are arranged on the yoke, and each of the iron cores is provided with a coil, and the driven component comprises an armature plate, and a plurality of magnetic steels are arranged on the armature plate;

[0006] The armature plate is arranged correspondingly to the magnetic yoke, and the iron core is arranged correspondingly to the magnetic steel;

[0007] The elastic component is used to keep the armature disc in a separated position from the magnetic yoke;

[0008] When the coil is energized in the positive direction, the iron core attracts the magnetic steel, and the armature plate overcomes the elastic force of the elastic component and moves to the attracting position with the magnetic yoke, so that the fixed component and the driven component are connected in transmission;

[0009] When the coil is reversely energized, the iron core generates an electromagnetic force to reduce the suction force of the magnetic steel, and the elastic force of the elastic component overcomes the suction force of the magnetic steel to push the armature disk to a separation position from the magnetic yoke.

[0010] Furthermore, the iron core and the magnetic steel are presented individually or in a combined form.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of the iron cores are evenly distributed in the magnetic yoke, the number of the iron cores is the same as the number of the magnetic steels and the positions correspond one to one, and the corresponding iron cores are on the same axis as the magnetic steels.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnetic steel is a magnetic steel with a low temperature coefficient, which is used to avoid demagnetization and increase the impact resistance of the electromagnetic clutch, so that the electromagnetic clutch can work normally under different working conditions and temperatures.

[0013] Furthermore, the top surface of the magnetic steel is rectangular, square, triangular or circular;

[0014] The armature disc is provided with a magnetic steel groove, and the magnetic steel is fixed in the magnetic steel groove by glue pouring or injection molding.

[0015] Furthermore, the coils are connected in the following manners: in parallel, in series, or in groups of series and parallel.

[0016] Furthermore, a shock-absorbing pad is provided on the magnetic yoke, and the shock-absorbing pad is used for positioning so as to maintain a gap between the armature plate and the magnetic yoke, and the shock-absorbing pad is also used for shock absorption and noise reduction.

[0017] Furthermore, the driven component is slidably sleeved on the first shaft, and the fixed component is fixed on the second shaft;

[0018] A shaft pressure plate is fixed to the top end of the first shaft, and the elastic component is arranged between the driven component and the shaft pressure plate.

[0019] Furthermore, the driven component further comprises a movable gear sleeve, the fixed component comprises a fixed gear sleeve, and the movable gear sleeve and the fixed gear sleeve can be meshed and transmitted;

[0020] The yoke is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the fixed gear sleeve, the armature plate is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the movable gear sleeve, and the movable gear sleeve can move in the axial direction along with the armature plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the yoke and the fixed gear sleeve are clearance-matched, so that the yoke and the fixed gear sleeve can rotate relatively, so that in the attracted position, the fixed gear sleeve and the movable gear sleeve rotate together while the yoke and the armature disc remain fixed.

[0022] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The electromagnetic clutch of the present invention does not need to be powered in the separation state and the attraction state, has low energy consumption, low heat generation and long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present invention. Moreover, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 is an axial cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a driven component in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 1 is a structural diagram of a fixing component in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. elastic component, 2. yoke, 3. iron core, 4. coil, 5. armature plate, 6. magnetic steel, 7. shock-absorbing pad, 8. shaft pressure plate, 9. movable gear sleeve, 10. fixed gear sleeve, 11. bearing, 12. bearing seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the specific embodiments of the present invention and the corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The technical solutions provided by various embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present invention, an electromagnetic clutch is disclosed. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnetic clutch includes a fixed component, a driven component and an elastic component 1, the fixed component maintains a fixed position in the axial direction of the electromagnetic clutch, and the driven component is movable at least in the axial direction of the electromagnetic clutch, so that the electromagnetic clutch is in the engaged or disengaged position respectively.

[0032] The fixed component includes a yoke 2, which can form a shell of the electromagnetic clutch fixed component. A plurality of iron cores 3 are arranged on the yoke 2, each of the iron cores 3 is provided with a coil 4, and the coil 4 can generate magnetic force when energized. The driven component includes an armature plate 5, and a plurality of magnets 6 are arranged on the armature plate 5, wherein the number of the iron cores 3 and the magnets 6 can be set as required.

[0033] In this embodiment, several iron cores 3 are independently arranged, so that the magnetic induction lines can be concentrated and dense relative to the magnetic steel 6, and the electric energy conversion rate is higher. According to the principle that like poles repel each other and unlike poles attract each other, the electromagnetic force of the coil 4 will have a large difference when it is energized in the forward direction and reverse direction, thereby realizing the separation of the armature plate 5 and the magnetic yoke 2.

[0034] The armature plate 5 is arranged correspondingly to the yoke 2, and the axes of the two are on a straight line. The iron core 3 is arranged correspondingly to the magnetic steel 6, so that the iron core 3 and the magnetic steel 6 are attracted to each other.

[0035] The elastic component 1 is arranged in the driven component. In a normal state, the elastic component 1 is compressed or stretched, and a pre-tightening force is provided thereon to make the armature plate in a certain position, thereby keeping the armature plate 5 in a separated position from the yoke 2 .

[0036] When the coil 4 is energized in the positive direction, the iron core 3 attracts the magnet 6, and the armature plate 5 overcomes the elastic force of the elastic component 1 and moves to the attracting position with the yoke 2, so that the fixed component and the driven component are connected in transmission.

[0037] When the coil 4 is reversely energized, the iron core 3 generates an electromagnetic force to reduce the suction force of the magnetic steel 6 , and the elastic force of the elastic component 1 overcomes the suction force of the magnetic steel 6 to push the armature plate 5 to a separation position from the magnetic yoke 2 .

[0038] The working principle of the electromagnetic clutch in the present invention is as follows: when in the separation position, the iron core 3 has no electromagnetic force, and the compression force or tension force of the elastic component 1 is greater than the attraction force of the magnetic steel 6, so that a normal gap is maintained between the armature plate 5 and the magnetic yoke 2; when the clutch receives an attraction command, positive power is passed to the coil 4, and the electromagnetic force generated by the iron core 3 and the magnetic force of the magnetic steel 6 together generate a combined force greater than the compression force or tension force of the elastic component 1, and the armature plate 5 is attracted to the magnetic yoke 2, thereby realizing the connection between the fixed component and the driven component. Transmission connection; after being attracted, the coil 4 can be powered off, the coil 4 does not generate electromagnetic force, and the magnetic force generated by the magnetic steel 6 is still greater than the compression force or tension force of the elastic component 1, so that the armature plate 5 and the magnetic yoke 2 remain in the attracted state to achieve transmission, and no electric energy is consumed in this state; when the clutch receives a separation command, in the attracted state, the reverse current is passed through the coil 4 to generate electromagnetic, and the suction force generated by the magnetic steel 6 is reduced. When the suction force is less than the compression force or tension force of the elastic component 1, the armature plate 5 is separated from the magnetic yoke 2. The electromagnetic clutch in the present invention does not need to be powered on in the separated state and the attracted state, and has the advantages of low energy consumption, less heat generation and long service life.

[0039] In one embodiment, the iron core 3 and the magnetic steel 6 are presented individually or in combination. The iron core 3 and the magnetic steel 6 are evenly or symmetrically distributed in an individual form. Of course, the iron core 3 and the magnetic steel 6 can also be evenly or symmetrically distributed in a combined form, for example, distributed in groups of two, or in groups of three to form a triangle, etc.

[0040] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of the iron cores 3 are evenly distributed in the magnetic yoke 2, the number of the iron cores 3 is the same as the number of the magnetic steels 6 and the positions correspond one to one, and the corresponding iron cores 3 and the magnetic steels 6 are on the same axis, so that the iron cores 3 and the magnetic steels 6 are conveniently attracted to each other.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the magnet 6 is a magnet with a low temperature coefficient, such as a samarium cobalt magnet. The use of a magnet with a low temperature coefficient can prevent the demagnetization of the magnet 6 at high temperatures, thereby avoiding the electromagnetic clutch from dropping gears at high temperatures and failing to shift gears at low temperatures. The use of a magnet with a low temperature coefficient can also increase the impact resistance of the electromagnetic clutch. The magnet with a low temperature coefficient can ensure that the magnetic properties change very little at different temperatures, so that the electromagnetic clutch can work normally at different operating temperatures.

[0042] In one embodiment, the top surface of the magnetic steel 6 is rectangular, square, triangular or circular, and can be other shapes. The magnetic steel 6 as a whole can form a T-shape, with a large top surface area, and the top surface is flush with the surface of the yoke 2.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, a magnetic steel groove is provided on the outer circumference of the armature plate 5, and the magnetic steel 6 is fixed in the magnetic steel groove by glue pouring or injection molding, and can certainly be fixed by other methods. Preferably, a flange is provided at one end of the magnetic steel 6 in the magnetic steel groove, and the provision of the flange facilitates the magnetic steel 6 to be firmly fixed in the magnetic steel groove.

[0044] In one embodiment, the coils 4 are connected in the following ways: parallel, series or grouped series-parallel. The coils 4 can be connected in series, in parallel or in series-parallel, for example, multiple coils 4 are selected to be connected in series as a group, and then several groups of coils 4 that have been connected in series are connected in parallel.

[0045] In one embodiment, Figure 3 As shown, a shock-absorbing pad 7 is arranged on the outer circumference of the yoke 2. The shock-absorbing pad 7 can be multiple and can be evenly and / or symmetrically arranged. The shock-absorbing pad 7 is used for positioning to maintain a gap between the armature plate 5 and the yoke 2. The shock-absorbing pad 7 is also used for shock absorption and noise reduction. On the one hand, the shock-absorbing pad 7 can avoid direct collision between the armature plate 5 and the yoke 2; on the other hand, when the fixed component and the driven component are connected in transmission, a certain gap is ensured between the armature plate 5 and the yoke 2 to reduce the vibration generated during transmission.

[0046] In one embodiment, the driven component is slidably sleeved on the first shaft, and the driven component can move along the axial direction of the first shaft. Preferably, the driven component is connected to the first shaft via a spline, fixed in the circumferential direction and relatively slidable in the axial direction; the fixed component is fixed on the second shaft, and the fixed component and the second shaft are relatively fixed in both the axial direction and the circumferential direction, that is, there is no relative sliding or relative rotation between the two.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, a shaft pressure plate 8 is fixed to the top of the first shaft, a raised portion is provided on one side of the shaft pressure plate 8 along the axial direction, a thread is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the raised portion, a thread groove is provided at the axial position of the end of the first shaft, and the fixed connection between the shaft pressure plate 8 and the first shaft is achieved through the thread and the thread groove; an axial screw hole is also provided at the center position of the raised portion, and the shaft pressure plate 8 and the first shaft are further fixed through the screw hole and screws or bolts. The elastic component 1 is arranged between the driven component and the shaft pressure plate 8. The function of the shaft pressure plate 8 is to keep the elastic component 1 in a compressed state. As the clutch is separated and combined, the compression amount of the elastic force of the elastic component 1 will change, and the elastic force value will also change. The elastic component 1 is preferably a spring.

[0048] In one embodiment, Figure 2-3 As shown, the driven component also includes a movable gear sleeve 9, and the fixed component includes a fixed gear sleeve 10. The end faces of the movable gear sleeve 9 and the fixed gear sleeve 10 are provided with end face teeth, so that the movable gear sleeve 9 and the fixed gear sleeve 10 can be engaged for transmission; splines are respectively provided in the movable gear sleeve 9 and the fixed gear sleeve 10, and the connection between the movable gear sleeve 9 and the first shaft and the connection between the fixed gear sleeve 10 and the second shaft are realized through the splines.

[0049] The yoke 2 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the fixed gear sleeve 10, the armature plate 5 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the movable gear sleeve 9, a bearing 11 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumference of the movable gear sleeve 9, the bearing 11 is embedded in a bearing seat 12, the bearing seat 12 is fixedly connected to the armature plate 5, and then the relative rotation between the armature plate 5 and the movable gear sleeve 9 can be realized, and the movable gear sleeve 9 can move axially with the armature plate 5. And the bearing seat 12 extends to the magnetic steel slot to prevent the magnetic steel 6 from flying out.

[0050] In one embodiment, the yoke 2 and the fixed gear sleeve 10 are clearance-matched, so that the yoke 2 and the fixed gear sleeve 10 can rotate relative to each other, so that when in the attracted position, the yoke 2 and the armature plate 5 remain fixed while the fixed gear sleeve 10 rotates together with the movable gear sleeve 9. When the driven component is transmission-connected with the fixed component, the movable gear sleeve 9 and the fixed gear sleeve 10 mesh and rotate, and the yoke 2 and the armature plate 5 do not rotate, thereby reducing power loss and improving transmission efficiency.

[0051] In summary, the present invention discloses an electromagnetic clutch, which includes a fixed component, a driven component and an elastic component. The fixed component includes a yoke, on which a plurality of iron cores are arranged, each of which is provided with a coil, and the driven component includes an armature plate, on which a plurality of magnets are arranged; the armature plate is provided correspondingly to the yoke, and the iron core is provided correspondingly to the magnet; the elastic component is used to keep the armature plate in a position separated from the yoke; when the coil is energized in the forward direction, the iron core attracts the magnet, and the armature plate overcomes the elastic force of the elastic component and moves to the attracted position with the yoke, so that the fixed component and the driven component realize transmission connection; when the coil is energized in the reverse direction, the iron core generates an electromagnetic force to reduce the suction force of the magnet, and the elastic force of the elastic component overcomes the suction force of the magnet, pushing the armature plate to the position separated from the yoke. The electromagnetic clutch in the present invention does not need to be energized in the separated state and the attracted state, has low energy consumption, low heat generation, and long service life.

[0052] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, expansion, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic clutch, characterized in that: The electromagnetic clutch comprises a fixed component, a driven component and an elastic component, wherein the fixed component comprises a yoke, a plurality of iron cores are arranged on the yoke, the plurality of iron cores are independently arranged, and a coil is arranged on each of the iron cores, and the driven component comprises an armature plate, and a plurality of magnetic steels are arranged on the armature plate; The armature plate is arranged correspondingly to the magnetic yoke, and the iron core is arranged correspondingly to the magnetic steel; The elastic component is used to keep the armature disc in a separated position from the magnetic yoke; When the coil is energized in the positive direction, the iron core attracts the magnetic steel, and the armature plate overcomes the elastic force of the elastic component and moves to the attracting position with the magnetic yoke, so that the fixed component and the driven component are connected in transmission; When the coil is reversely energized, the iron core generates an electromagnetic force to reduce the suction force of the magnetic steel, and the elastic force of the elastic component overcomes the suction force of the magnetic steel, pushing the armature plate to a separation position from the magnetic yoke; The magnetic steel is a magnetic steel with a low temperature coefficient, which is used to avoid demagnetization and increase the impact resistance of the electromagnetic clutch, so that the electromagnetic clutch can work normally under different working conditions and temperatures.

2. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron core and the magnetic steel are presented individually or in a combined form.

3. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the iron cores are evenly distributed in the magnetic yoke, the number of the iron cores is the same as the number of the magnetic steels and the positions correspond one to one, and the corresponding iron cores are on the same axis as the magnetic steels.

4. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the magnetic steel is rectangular, square, triangular or circular; The armature disc is provided with a magnetic steel groove, and the magnetic steel is fixed in the magnetic steel groove by glue pouring or injection molding.

5. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coils are connected in the following manners: parallel connection, series connection or grouped series-parallel connection.

6. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The yoke is provided with a shock-absorbing pad, which is used for positioning so as to maintain a gap between the armature plate and the yoke. The shock-absorbing pad is also used for shock absorption and noise reduction.

7. The electromagnetic clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The driven component is slidably sleeved on the first shaft, and the fixed component is fixed on the second shaft; A shaft pressure plate is fixed to the top end of the first shaft, and the elastic component is arranged between the driven component and the shaft pressure plate.

8. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driven component further includes a movable gear sleeve, and the fixed component includes a fixed gear sleeve, and the movable gear sleeve and the fixed gear sleeve can be meshed and transmitted; The yoke is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the fixed gear sleeve, the armature plate is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the movable gear sleeve, and the movable gear sleeve can move in the axial direction along with the armature plate.

9. The electromagnetic clutch according to claim 8, characterized in that: The yoke and the fixed gear sleeve are clearance-matched, so that the yoke and the fixed gear sleeve can rotate relatively, so that in the attracted position, the fixed gear sleeve and the movable gear sleeve rotate together while the yoke and the armature disc remain fixed.

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