A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna

Abstract

This invention discloses a miniaturized, wideband, dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna, primarily addressing the difficulty of achieving wideband and dual polarization in existing small-size antenna products. The satellite communication antenna consists of three dielectric substrates and an air layer: a top dielectric substrate 1, a middle dielectric substrate 2, and a bottom dielectric substrate 3. The air layer is formed between the top dielectric substrate 1 and the middle dielectric substrate 2. The grounding network side of the middle dielectric substrate 2 is bonded to the grounding network side of the bottom dielectric substrate 3. The bonded middle dielectric substrate 2 and bottom dielectric substrate 3 are electrically connected to the top dielectric substrate 1 via four spaced metal studs 4. Through this design, the circularly polarized satellite communication antenna of this invention overcomes the narrow bandwidth, low gain, and low efficiency problems of ceramic antennas; it also overcomes the problems of large size, low gain, low port isolation, and difficult assembly of traditional air dielectric antennas; achieving a combination of wideband, miniaturization, and dual polarization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna. Background Art

[0002] There are two main types of satellite communication antenna products. One is the ceramic antenna, which mainly uses ceramic materials as the base material, mostly adopts a dual-point feeding method, and integrates a feeding network on the back. Since ceramics have a high dielectric constant, the antenna bandwidth is narrow and the processing accuracy requirements are relatively high. At the same time, in order to achieve a small size, the feeding network uses an integrated 3dB bridge device. The use of ceramic antennas can achieve a relatively small size, but this solution also has obvious disadvantages, mainly manifested in narrow bandwidth, low gain, and low radiation efficiency. At the same time, in exchange for the physical size of the antenna, the ceramic antenna solution will sacrifice the corresponding working bandwidth, antenna radiation efficiency, and antenna gain. Ceramic antennas have high requirements for processing accuracy and consistency. Often after the production and assembly are completed, the antenna needs to be corrected, and the correction method often adopts the corner cutting method. This brings a certain burden to the production process of the antenna. At the same time, the ceramic (antenna radiation part) and the PCB board (feeding part) are fixed by back glue, and this type has the risk of falling off.

[0003] The other type is the air dielectric antenna. The traditional air dielectric antenna is divided into three parts: one part is the radiation unit layer, the middle layer is the air dielectric layer, and the bottom layer is the feed network layer. The bottom layer and the top layer are connected by a cross-shaped dielectric board in the middle. The dielectric board has two main functions: one is to support the top layer, and the other is to connect the top layer and the bottom layer. The top radiation unit layer contains four antenna units. The antenna unit adopts the traditional inverted F shape. The short-circuit part of the inverted F antenna is also printed on the cross-connected dielectric board in the middle. The feed network layer is made of a single-layer PCB board. Specifically, a one-to-four Wilkinson power divider is used to achieve equal amplitude of the four units, and the phase difference is 90° in turn, thereby realizing the circular polarization characteristics of the antenna.

[0004] Traditional air dielectric antennas use cross-shaped dielectric plates for connection and support. The biggest problem with this method is that the assembly is relatively delicate. It is necessary to align the notches of the cross parts while also aligning the grounding parts and the short-circuit parts. The grounding parts and the short-circuit parts also need to be welded. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna, which mainly solves the problem that existing small-sized antenna products are difficult to achieve broadband and dual-polarization.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna, comprising:

[0008] A top dielectric plate, the upper surface of which is printed with an antenna radiation unit;

[0009] An intermediate dielectric board, wherein an antenna feeding network is printed on the upper surface of the intermediate dielectric board, an antenna grounding network is printed on the lower surface of the intermediate dielectric board, and eight metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric board;

[0010] A lower dielectric board, wherein an antenna grounding network is printed on the upper surface of the lower dielectric board, an antenna feeding network is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric board, and four metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board;

[0011] An air layer is formed between the top dielectric plate and the middle dielectric plate;

[0012] The grounding network side of the middle dielectric plate is bonded and connected to the grounding network side of the lower dielectric plate, and the bonded middle dielectric plate and the lower dielectric plate are electrically connected to the top dielectric plate through four fixed-distance metal studs;

[0013] The antenna feeding network on the upper surface of the intermediate dielectric plate is connected to the antenna feeding network on the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate, and the overall antenna feeding network formed has two signal input terminals and four signal output terminals with phase differences of 90° respectively, so that the input signal is divided into four paths with equal amplitudes.

[0014] Furthermore, the feeding network adopts a two-stage 3dB bridge expansion.

[0015] Furthermore, a decoupling circuit is provided in the feeding network.

[0016] Furthermore, the top dielectric board, the middle dielectric board, and the bottom dielectric board are all Taconic RF-60 double-layer boards, with a dielectric constant of 6.15 and a thickness of 0.64 mm; the double-layer boards are all 18um copper-clad boards with double-sided solder mask.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The satellite communication circular polarization antenna of the present invention can generate a relatively symmetrical radiation pattern when excited by four feeding signals with equal amplitudes and phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°. The antenna overcomes the narrow bandwidth, low gain and low efficiency of ceramic antennas; at the same time, it breaks through the large size, low gain, low port isolation and difficult assembly of traditional air dielectric antennas; and realizes the combination of broadband, miniaturization and dual polarization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The waveform diagram of the receiving and transmitting isolation and return loss of the antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at 1.575 GHz.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at 1.575 GHz.

[0022] Figure 4 1 is an axial ratio diagram of the antenna of an embodiment of the present invention at 1.575 GHz.

[0023] The names corresponding to the reference numerals are:

[0024] 1-top dielectric board, 2-middle dielectric board, 3-lower dielectric board, 4-fixed-distance metal studs, 5-antenna radiation unit, 6-antenna feeding network. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention include but are not limited to the following embodiments.

[0026] Example

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna, which is composed of three dielectric plates and an air layer, namely a top dielectric plate 1, a middle dielectric plate 2, and a lower dielectric plate 3. The air layer is formed between the top dielectric plate 1 and the middle dielectric plate 2. The three dielectric plates are all Taconic RF-60 double-layer plates with a dielectric constant of 6.15 and a thickness of 0.64 mm; the double-layer plates are all 18um copper-clad plates with double-sided solder mask.

[0028] The upper surface of the top dielectric board is printed with an antenna radiation unit 5. The upper surface of the middle dielectric board is printed with an antenna feed network 6, the lower surface of the middle dielectric board is printed with an antenna ground network, and eight metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board. The upper surface of the lower dielectric board is printed with an antenna ground network, the lower surface of the lower dielectric board is printed with an antenna feed network, and four metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board.

[0029] The grounding network side of the middle dielectric plate 2 is bonded and connected to the grounding network side of the lower dielectric plate 3 . The bonded middle dielectric plate 2 and the lower dielectric plate 3 are electrically connected to the top dielectric plate 1 through four fixed-distance metal studs 4 .

[0030] The antenna feeding network on the upper surface of the intermediate dielectric plate is connected to the antenna feeding network on the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate, and the overall antenna feeding network has two signal input terminals and four signal output terminals with phase differences of 90°, so that the input signal is divided into four equal amplitudes. The network can simultaneously input left-handed and right-handed signals. When a left-handed signal is input, the input signal is divided into four equal amplitudes, and the phases differ by 90° in the clockwise direction; when a right-handed signal is input, the input signal is divided into four equal amplitudes, and the phases differ by 90° in the counterclockwise direction.

[0031] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown in the figure, the left-hand input and the right-hand input can generate clockwise and counterclockwise signal outputs respectively. The inner product of these two outputs is 0, indicating that the two input signals are isolated from each other. That is, the left-hand input and the right-hand input do not interfere with each other.

[0032] In order to maintain a stable phase in a wide bandwidth, the feeding network adopts a two-stage 3dB bridge expansion.

[0033] In this embodiment, the left-hand circularly polarized antenna and the right-hand circularly polarized antenna can theoretically work independently of each other. However, since the two antennas are integrated in a small space, there is a strong coupling between the antennas, and the isolation index deteriorates sharply. Therefore, in this embodiment, a decoupling circuit is added to the feed network to reduce the coupling between the antennas.

[0034] The antenna in this embodiment covers 1512-1586MHz and 1635-1700MHz, and realizes right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization respectively. The antenna gain is greater than -4dB within 1-84° to +81° in the 1518-1528MHz frequency band; greater than -4dB within ±75° in the 1668-1675MHz frequency band; greater than -3dB within ±69° in the 1575.42±1.023MHz frequency band. The antenna axial ratio is: less than 8dB within ±69° in the 1518-1525MHz frequency band; less than 8dB within -69° to +66° in the 1668-1675MHz frequency band; less than 8dB within ±64° in the 1575.42±1.023MHz frequency band.

[0035] The antenna standing wave of the present embodiment is ≤1.6 in the entire frequency band, and the transmit-receive isolation is ≥8dB; the mechanical dimensions are ≤35×35×20mm.

[0036] from Figures 2 to 4 The port characteristics and radiation characteristics of the antenna are shown respectively, taking the frequency of 1.575 GHz as an example.

[0037] Through the above design, the satellite circular polarization antenna of the present invention can produce a relatively symmetrical radiation pattern when excited by 4 feeding signals with equal amplitudes and phase differences of 0°, 90°, 180° and 270°. In addition, the antenna overcomes the narrow bandwidth, low gain and low efficiency of ceramic antennas; at the same time, it breaks through the problems of large size, low gain, low port isolation and difficult assembly of traditional air dielectric antennas; it realizes the combination of broadband, miniaturization and dual polarization. Therefore, it has high use value and promotion value.

[0038] The above embodiment is only one of the preferred implementation modes of the present invention and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any changes or modifications that are made to the main design concept and spirit of the present invention and have no substantive significance, and the technical problems they solve are still consistent with the present invention, should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna, characterized in that: include A top dielectric plate (1), the upper surface of which is printed with an antenna radiation unit (5); An intermediate dielectric plate (2), wherein an antenna feeding network (6) is printed on the upper surface of the intermediate dielectric plate, an antenna grounding network is printed on the lower surface of the intermediate dielectric plate, and eight metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate dielectric plate; A lower dielectric board (3), wherein an antenna grounding network is printed on the upper surface of the lower dielectric board, an antenna feeding network is printed on the lower surface of the lower dielectric board, and four metallized vias are arranged between the upper and lower surfaces of the middle dielectric board; An air layer is formed between the top dielectric plate (1) and the middle dielectric plate (2); One side of the grounding network of the middle dielectric plate (2) is bonded and connected to one side of the grounding network of the lower dielectric plate (3); the bonded middle dielectric plate (2) and the lower dielectric plate (3) are electrically connected to the top dielectric plate (1) via four fixed-distance metal studs (4); The antenna feeding network on the upper surface of the intermediate dielectric plate is connected to the antenna feeding network on the lower surface of the lower dielectric plate, and the overall antenna feeding network formed has two signal input terminals and four signal output terminals with phase differences of 90° respectively, so that the input signal is divided into four paths with equal amplitudes.

2. A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding network is extended by a two-stage 3dB bridge.

3. A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that: A decoupling circuit is arranged in the feeding network.

4. A miniaturized broadband dual-polarized L-band satellite communication antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top dielectric plate (1), the middle dielectric plate (2), and the bottom dielectric plate (3) are all made of Taconic RF-60 double-layer plates, which have a dielectric constant of 6.15 and a thickness of 0.64 mm; the double-layer plates are all made of 18um copper-clad plates with double-sided solder mask.

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