Cassava stem crusher blade ground clearance monitoring system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a ground clearance monitoring system for the crushing blades of a cassava stem crusher and return machine, the system comprising a profiling detection mechanism for detecting ground undulations, a hydraulic actuator for controlling the lifting and lowering of the blades, and a microprocessor connected to the signals of the two mechanisms. The present invention also discloses a monitoring system for a cassava stem crusher and return machine equipped with the system, the system also comprising a vehicle-mounted terminal and a satellite positioning device. The present invention effectively improves the informationization and automation level of the cassava stem crusher and return machine, solves the problem that the ground clearance of the cassava stem crusher and return machine cannot be automatically adjusted following the uneven surface due to terrain changes, thereby affecting the effect of cassava crushing and return machine, improves the operating efficiency of the cassava stem crusher and return machine, and provides technical support for the supervision of operating efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a crop stem crushing and returning machine, in particular to a ground clearance monitoring system for a crushing blade of a cassava stem crushing and returning machine. Background Art

[0002] Cassava is an economic crop introduced and planted in southern my country in the 1980s and 1990s. In addition, the hilly landforms and supporting agronomic facilities in the south cannot keep up with the pace of improvement, so there are relatively few studies on agricultural machinery and equipment such as production and harvesting, especially agricultural machinery and equipment related to cassava stem harvesting and processing. At present, cassava production operations need to meet higher mechanical production operation requirements, but the existing cassava stem crushing and returning machines still have low operating efficiency and cannot effectively solve the problems caused by various internal and external factors that affect the quality of operations. After the cassava stems are crushed and returned to the field, the cassava stems are often not completely crushed and returned to the field, and the residual stems are too long. The ground clearance of the blade is one of the key factors that determine the quality of the cassava stem crushing and returning operation (theoretically, the ground clearance of the blade is not greater than the diameter of the cassava stem). If the ground clearance of the blade is too large, the cassava stems are not crushed thoroughly, which seriously affects the mechanical harvest and causes the cassava stems to sprout next year, affecting crop planting; if the ground clearance of the blade is too small, the machine is easy to contact the soil during the operation, which will increase the power consumption of the crushing operation, accelerate the wear of the tool and damage the shallow cassava tubers. At present, the ground clearance of cassava stem crusher blades has not been monitored in China, which to some extent limits the development demand of the cassava industry.

[0003] When the cassava stalk crusher is operating in the field, the ground surface is uneven during operation, and the ground clearance of the crushing blade cannot follow the ground surface, which will cause the remaining cassava stalks after crushing to be of different lengths, and the crushing and returning effect is difficult to ensure. The ground clearance of the crushing blade is one of the important operating parameters of the straw crusher. At present, domestic straw crushers are still in the mechanical operation stage, and there is no research result on the crushing blade ground clearance measurement device and control method applied to the straw crusher in China. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to improve the crushing and returning operation quality of a cassava stem crusher and return machine, and provide a monitoring system for the cassava stem crusher and return machine, which can automatically adjust the ground clearance of the crushing blades of the cassava stem crusher and return machine according to the undulations of the ground surface, and can also perform real-time monitoring of key operating parameters, data storage, early warning and other functions.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A ground clearance monitoring system for a cassava stem crushing and returning machine, the system comprising a profiling detection mechanism for detecting ground undulations, a hydraulic actuator for controlling the lifting and lowering of the blade, and a microprocessor connected to the signals of the two mechanisms; the profiling detection mechanism comprises a posture detection device, a profiling preload spring rod, a profiling support rod and a profiling wheel; the posture detection device is arranged on the profiling support rod; one end of the profiling support rod is hinged to the frame of the returning machine, and the other end is hinged to the rotating shaft of the profiling wheel; one end of the profiling preload spring rod is hinged to the frame of the returning machine, and the other end is hinged to the stem of the profiling support rod, and the profiling wheel is pressed to the ground by applying downward pressure to the stem of the profiling support rod; when the crushing and returning machine is moving in the field, the microprocessor continuously receives initial posture information from the posture detection device and resolves it into the angle of the profiling support rod relative to the vertical direction, and sends a signal to the hydraulic actuator accordingly according to the angle information to control the lifting and lowering of the blade.

[0007] Furthermore, the posture detection device is a gyroscope posture detection device.

[0008] Furthermore, the hydraulic actuator includes a relay, a solenoid valve and a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the lifting and lowering of the blade; the microprocessor is connected to the solenoid valve through the relay, and the microprocessor controls the switching action of the relay, thereby controlling the solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve controls the hydraulic cylinder through the solenoid reversing valve.

[0009] The present invention also discloses a cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system equipped with the above-mentioned crushing blade ground clearance monitoring system. The cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system also includes a vehicle-mounted terminal. The posture detection device is connected to the vehicle-mounted terminal through the microprocessor. The microprocessor sends the calculated relative vertical angle information of the profiling support rod to the vehicle-mounted terminal for further processing.

[0010] Furthermore, the cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system also includes a satellite positioning device, which is connected to the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the satellite positioning device is a GPS or Beidou positioning device.

[0011] Furthermore, after receiving the time information, the satellite positioning device outputs an adjustable pulse signal and sends initial positioning data to the vehicle-mounted terminal at the same time; the vehicle-mounted terminal receives the relative vertical angle information of the contoured support rod from the microprocessor and the initial positioning data of the satellite positioning device, and obtains the ground clearance of the crushing blade, positioning information and driving speed information through further calculation and displays them in real time.

[0012] Furthermore, the satellite positioning device and the vehicle-mounted terminal, and the microprocessor and the vehicle-mounted terminal all transmit and receive data via serial communication, and the communication interface device is a USB data interface.

[0013] Furthermore, the driving device of the field return machine is a tractor, and the satellite positioning device and the vehicle-mounted terminal are both installed on the tractor.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention can realize the automatic control of the ground clearance of the crushing blade of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine, and monitor the ground clearance of the crushing blade in real time. At the same time, the operating speed, longitude and latitude, and the real-time change curve of the ground clearance of the crushing blade can be monitored, and the ground clearance of the crushing blade can also be real-time early warning, operation parameter preservation and other functions can be realized. The posture detection device is responsible for detecting the relative vertical angle of the profiling support rod when the profiling detection mechanism is working on the ridge surface, and sends it to the microprocessor for processing and then to the vehicle terminal. The vehicle terminal calculates according to the angle and size of the profiling detection mechanism, and can obtain the current ground clearance of the crushing blade of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine, and displays it on the vehicle terminal, so that the driver can grasp the ground clearance information of the crushing blade in real time. The realization of these functions effectively solves the problem of low efficiency of cassava stem crushing and returning to the field caused by the driver's lack of timely understanding of the operation of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine, and the ground clearance of the crushing blade cannot be adjusted in time with the surface undulation, and also improves the information intelligence level of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the monitoring system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a profiling detection mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a blade control part of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring part of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an angle-ground clearance mathematical model of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Names of the symbols in the figure: 1-1 satellite positioning device, 1-2 vehicle-mounted terminal, 1-3 tractor, 2-1 shock-absorbing gasket, 2-2 posture detection device, 2-3 contour preload spring rod, 2-4 contour support rod, 2-5 contour wheel, 3-1 ground wheel, 3-2 hydraulic cylinder, 3-3 crushing blade. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is a detailed description of the scheme of the present invention by means of embodiments in combination with the accompanying drawings, a monitoring system for the ground clearance of a cassava stem crushing and returning machine, and a monitoring system for a cassava stem crushing and returning machine equipped with the system. Figures 1 to 5 shown.

[0022] Cassava stem crusher monitoring system Figure 1 As shown, it includes three parts: data acquisition, control, and data monitoring. The data acquisition part includes the posture detection device 2-2 and the microprocessor part, which are mainly responsible for the posture detection of the profiling detection mechanism and the reception, processing, and transmission of posture data. The control part includes the microprocessor, relay, solenoid valve, and hydraulic cylinder 3-2, which are mainly responsible for receiving and processing control commands, and controlling the ground clearance of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine to the field, which can be automatically adjusted with the height of the ridge surface. The data monitoring part is mainly composed of the vehicle-mounted terminal 1-2, the satellite positioning device 1-1, and the microprocessor. It is mainly responsible for the parameters such as the ground clearance of the crushing blade, the operating speed, and the real-time monitoring of the changes in the ground clearance parameter curve of the crushing blade. It can not only realize the human-computer interaction function, but also realize the functions of ground clearance warning and parameter setting of the crushing blade, and the preservation of monitoring data.

[0023] Profiling detection mechanism such as Figure 2 As shown, it mainly includes a shock-absorbing gasket 2-1, a posture detection device 2-2, a profiling pre-tightening spring rod 2-3, a profiling support rod 2-4, and a profiling wheel 2-5. The profiling detection mechanism is connected to the frame in an articulated manner, and the profiling support rod is connected to the profiling pre-tightening spring rod 2-3, which can provide elastic force for the ground profiling of the profiling wheel 2-5. When the profiling wheel 2-5 passes through high ground, the spring is compressed; when passing through low ground, the spring provides pressure for the profiling wheel 2-5, and displacement compensation is made in time for the high and low position changes of the profiling detection mechanism, thereby improving the response speed of the profiling detection mechanism, and the pre-tightening amount can be adjusted by the nut to adapt to different surface heights. In order to ensure the measurement accuracy and reduce the impact of vibration on the posture detection device 2-2 as much as possible, a shock-absorbing gasket 2-1 is installed at the bottom of the posture detection device 2-2. At the same time, the profiling pre-tightening spring rod 2-3 can also play a shock-absorbing and buffering role, providing more reliable data collection for the posture detection device 2-2.

[0024] Blade control part such as Figure 3As shown, it includes the profiling detection mechanism, and the main components are shock-absorbing pads 2-1, posture detection devices 2-2, profiling preload spring rods 2-3, ground wheels 3-1, hydraulic cylinders 3-2, crushing blades 3-3 and other parts. When the cassava stem crushing and returning machine is working on the ridge surface, the profiling detection mechanism performs real-time profiling on the ridge surface while the posture detection device 2-2 performs real-time detection of its posture angle. The hydraulic lifting automatic control system mainly realizes the automatic control function of the ground clearance of the crushing blade of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine, which is an important solution to improve the operating efficiency of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine, and provides a technical reference for the automation development of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine. When the hydraulic control system is working, the microprocessor will process the posture information obtained from the posture detection device 2-2, and then send a control signal to the relay. The output signal of the relay is a switch signal. When the control signal is obtained from the microprocessor, the normally open contact or normally closed contact of the relay is actuated, and the signal is sent to the solenoid valve at this time. When the solenoid valve receives the relay switch signal, it will control the switch, flow and reversing of the hydraulic oil, and then control the extension and retraction action of the hydraulic cylinder 3-2 to achieve the purpose of controlling the ground clearance of the crushing blade 3-3.

[0025] Monitoring part such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes a satellite positioning device 1-1, a vehicle terminal 1-2, a microprocessor, and a posture detection device 2-2. The satellite positioning device 1-1 is used to receive, process and send positioning information to the vehicle terminal 1-2; the vehicle terminal 1-2 receives and sends data with the satellite positioning device 1-1 and the microprocessor in a serial communication mode, and the vehicle terminal 1-2 can realize the functions of receiving, processing, sending and displaying data, and also realize the pedestrian-computer interaction function. The microprocessor is responsible for receiving the posture information from the posture detection device 2-2 and sending the processed posture information to the vehicle terminal. The posture detection device 2-2 is responsible for collecting the posture information of the profiling detection mechanism and sending it to the microprocessor.

[0026] The clearance of the crushing blade from the ground is measured indirectly, such as Figure 5 As shown, the vehicle terminal 1-2 receives the posture angle information from the posture detection device 2-2, and calculates the ground clearance of the crushing blade through the geometric relationship model and displays it. The posture detection device 2-2 is installed and fixed on the profiling detection mechanism, and its detection object is the posture information of the profiling detection mechanism when it is working.

[0027] The satellite positioning device 1-1 is installed on the top of the tractor cab and is used to receive and send positioning signals. The satellite positioning device 1-1 can send initial positioning data to the vehicle-mounted terminal 1-2, and the vehicle-mounted terminal 1-2 will solve the received initial positioning data to obtain the operating speed, longitude and latitude, altitude, operating trajectory and other information of the tractor 1-3 and display them in real time.

[0028] The vehicle-mounted terminal 1-2 is installed in the cab, and can receive and display the posture information from the microprocessor and the positioning information from the satellite positioning device 1-1 respectively. In addition to realizing the human-computer interaction function, the vehicle-mounted terminal 1-2 can also perform relevant mathematical operations on the received posture information, and further obtain the ground clearance of the crushing blade of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine. The vehicle-mounted terminal 1-2 is mainly composed of several modules: positioning information and posture information monitoring, crushing blade ground clearance warning, crushing blade ground clearance parameter setting, crushing blade ground clearance real-time parameter curve diagram, and monitoring parameter storage.

[0029] The posture detection device 2-2 is installed and fixed on the profiling support rod 2-4 of the profiling detection mechanism. It is responsible for collecting the relative vertical angle of the profiling support rod 2-4 when the profiling detection mechanism is working, and sends it to the microprocessor for solution.

[0030] The shock-absorbing pad 2-1 is installed at the bottom of the posture detection device 2-2, which can ensure the measurement accuracy of the posture detection device 2-2 and minimize the impact of vibration on the posture detection device 2-2.

[0031] The profiling preload spring 2-3 is installed between the profiling support rod 2-4 and the front beam, and is respectively connected to the two in an articulated manner. It provides elastic force for the ground profiling of the profiling wheel 2-5, can make displacement compensation for the high and low position changes of the profiling detection mechanism in time, can improve the response speed of the profiling detection mechanism, and can adapt to different surface heights by adjusting the preload amount of the nut.

[0032] The hydraulic cylinder 3-2 is installed at the support rod position of the ground wheel 3-1. It provides support for the cassava stem crushing and returning machine and can also automatically adjust the crushing blade 3-3. When the ridge surface is higher than the set ground clearance range of the crushing blade 3-3, the hydraulic cylinder 3-2 contracts, which reduces the ground clearance of the crushing blade 3-3 to reach the set ground clearance range of the crushing blade 3-3; when the ridge surface is lower than the set ground clearance range of the crushing blade 3-3, the hydraulic cylinder 3-2 extends, which increases the ground clearance of the crushing blade 3-3 to reach the set ground clearance range of the crushing blade 3-3.

[0033] Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, any person skilled in the art of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention, may obtain any equivalent or equivalent technical solution of the present invention by transformation or improvement, and these changes shall fall within the scope of patent protection of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A cassava stem crushing and returning machine crushing blade ground clearance monitoring system, characterized in that: The system includes a profiling detection mechanism for detecting ground undulations, a hydraulic actuator for controlling the lifting of a blade, and a microprocessor connected to the signals of the two mechanisms; the profiling detection mechanism includes a posture detection device, a profiling pre-tightening spring rod, a profiling support rod and a profiling wheel; the posture detection device is arranged on the profiling support rod; one end of the profiling support rod is hinged to the frame of the field return machine, and the other end is hinged to the rotating shaft of the profiling rod; one end of the profiling pre-tightening spring rod is hinged to the frame of the field return machine, and the other end is hinged to the stem of the profiling support rod, and the profiling wheel is pressed to the ground by applying downward pressure to the stem of the profiling support rod; when the crushing and returning machine is moving in the field, the microprocessor continuously receives the initial posture information from the posture detection device and resolves it into the angle of the profiling support rod relative to the vertical direction, and sends a signal to the hydraulic actuator accordingly according to the angle information to control the lifting of the blade.

2. The crushing blade ground clearance monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The posture detection device is a gyroscope posture detection device.

3. The crushing blade ground clearance monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydraulic actuator includes a relay, a solenoid valve and a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the lifting and lowering of the blade; the microprocessor is connected to the solenoid valve through the relay, and the microprocessor controls the switching action of the relay, thereby controlling the solenoid valve, and the solenoid valve controls the hydraulic cylinder through the solenoid reversing valve.

4. A cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system equipped with the crushing blade ground clearance monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system also includes a vehicle-mounted terminal. The posture detection device is connected to the vehicle-mounted terminal through the microprocessor. The microprocessor sends the calculated relative vertical angle information of the profiling support rod to the vehicle-mounted terminal for further processing.

5. The cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system also includes a satellite positioning device, and the satellite positioning device is connected to the vehicle-mounted terminal.

6. The cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The satellite positioning device is a GPS or Beidou positioning device.

7. The cassava stem crushing and returning machine monitoring system according to claim 6 is characterized in that: After receiving the time information, the satellite positioning device outputs an adjustable pulse signal and sends the initial positioning data to the vehicle-mounted terminal at the same time; the vehicle-mounted terminal receives the relative vertical angle information of the contoured support rod from the microprocessor and the initial positioning data of the satellite positioning device, and obtains the ground clearance of the crushing blade, positioning information and driving speed information through further calculation and displays them in real time.

8. The monitoring system for the cassava stem crushing and returning machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The satellite positioning device and the vehicle-mounted terminal, the microprocessor and the vehicle-mounted terminal all realize data transmission and reception through serial communication, and the communication interface device is a USB data interface.

9. The monitoring system of the cassava stem crushing and returning machine according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that: The driving device of the field return machine is a tractor, and the satellite positioning device and the vehicle-mounted terminal are both installed on the tractor.

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