A superconducting magnet cryogenic heat exchanger

Abstract

The application discloses a superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device, a liquid storage container and a gas storage tank are communicated through a pipeline, gaseous heat-conducting medium flows through the pipeline between the liquid storage container and the gas storage tank; a refrigerator cools the heat-conducting medium through a low-temperature heat exchanger arranged in the liquid storage container, so that the heat-conducting medium is liquefied and falls into the liquid storage container; the low-temperature heat exchanger exchanges heat with the heat-conducting medium, so that the heat-conducting medium is liquefied into a liquid state and deposited at the bottom of the liquid storage container; a superconducting coil is arranged in a low-temperature cold shield, and the superconducting coil exchanges heat with the liquid storage container through a heat-conducting wire; the superconducting coil is arranged in the low-temperature cold shield and does not contact the liquid heat-conducting medium; the low-temperature heat exchanger of the refrigerator is used to change the heat-conducting medium into a low-temperature liquid, so that the liquid storage container is kept at a low temperature; and the superconducting coil is kept at a low temperature through the heat-conducting wire; the superconducting coil does not need to be immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, so that the amount of the liquid heat-conducting medium can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of superconducting devices, and further relates to a superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, a liquid helium container is widely used in the field of superconducting magnets, and a cooling method of liquid helium immersion is adopted to provide a low-temperature environment required by NbTi superconducting wires. Since the superconducting wires need to be immersed in liquid helium, a large amount of low-temperature liquid is consumed from the process of cooling to steady operation; the liquid helium needs to be added when the magnet is stopped, the maintenance process is complicated; and the power failure loss time of the magnet is long.

[0003] For those skilled in the art, how to reduce the liquid helium consumption required for maintaining the superconducting low-temperature environment is a technical problem to be solved at present. SUMMARY

[0004] The application provides a superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device, which maintains the low temperature of a superconducting coil through heat conduction, reduces the liquid helium consumption required for maintaining the superconducting low-temperature environment, and has the following specific scheme.

[0005] A superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device, comprising a liquid storage container, a gas storage tank, a low-temperature cold screen, a normal-temperature container and a refrigerator, wherein the liquid storage container and the gas storage tank are connected through pipelines.

[0006] The refrigerator cools the heat-conducting medium through a low-temperature heat exchanger arranged in the liquid storage container, so that the heat-conducting medium is liquefied and falls into the liquid storage container.

[0007] A superconducting coil is arranged in the low-temperature cold screen, and the superconducting coil and the liquid storage container are connected through a heat-conducting wire to transfer heat.

[0008] Optionally, the heat-conducting wire is connected to the bottom of the liquid storage container through a heat-conducting flange; and the contact positions between the heat-conducting flange and the liquid storage container are respectively provided with heat dissipation fins for increasing the heat exchange area.

[0009] Optionally, the heat-conducting coefficient of the heat-conducting flange is not lower than that of stainless steel; and the liquid storage container and the heat-conducting flange are welded and fixed.

[0010] Optionally, the heat-conducting wire is a soft copper wire.

[0011] Optionally, a gas supplementing opening is arranged on the gas storage tank, and the heat-conducting medium is supplemented into the gas storage tank through the gas supplementing opening.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid storage container and the gas storage tank store one or more of helium, nitrogen, argon and neon.

[0013] Optionally, the contact position of the low-temperature cold shield with the liquid storage container is provided with a heat exchange seat for heat conduction.

[0014] Optionally, the low-temperature cold shield and the normal-temperature container are both in a convex structure with a small top and a large bottom, the superconducting coil is located at the lower part of the low-temperature cold shield, the liquid storage container is located at the upper part of the low-temperature cold shield, the low-temperature cold shield is located at the lower part of the normal-temperature container, and the refrigerator is located at the upper part of the normal-temperature container.

[0015] The application provides a superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device, a liquid storage container and a gas storage tank are connected through a pipeline, and gaseous heat conduction medium flows through the pipeline between the liquid storage container and the gas storage tank; a refrigerator cools the heat conduction medium through a low-temperature heat exchanger arranged in the liquid storage container, so that the heat conduction medium is liquefied and falls into the liquid storage container, the low-temperature heat exchanger exchanges heat with the heat conduction medium, so that the heat conduction medium is liquefied into a liquid state and deposited at the bottom of the liquid storage container; a superconducting coil is arranged in a low-temperature cold shield, and the superconducting coil exchanges heat with the liquid storage container through a heat conduction wire, the superconducting coil is placed in the low-temperature cold shield and does not contact the liquid heat conduction medium, the heat conduction medium is changed into a low-temperature liquid by the low-temperature heat exchanger of the refrigerator, the liquid storage container is kept at a low temperature, and the superconducting coil is kept at a low temperature through the heat conduction wire, so that the superconducting coil does not need to be immersed in the liquid heat conduction medium, and therefore the amount of the liquid heat conduction medium can be reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device provided by the present application is shown in the figure.

[0018] The figure includes:

[0019] The liquid storage container 1, the gas storage tank 2, the pipeline 21, the gas supplementing port 22, the low-temperature cold shield 3, the normal-temperature container 4, the refrigerator 5, the low-temperature heat exchanger 51, the heat exchange seat 52, the superconducting coil 6, the heat conduction flange 71 and the heat conduction wire 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The core of the present application is to provide a superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device, which keeps the superconducting coil at a low temperature through heat conduction and reduces the amount of liquid helium required for maintaining the superconducting low-temperature environment.

[0021] In order to make the technical personnel in the art better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, a structure schematic diagram of one specific embodiment of the superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device provided by the present application; the superconducting magnet low-temperature heat exchange device of the present application comprises a liquid storage container 1, a gas storage tank 2, a low-temperature cold screen 3, a normal-temperature container 4, a refrigerator 5 and the like structures, the low-temperature cold screen 3 can be a 50K cold screen, and the normal-temperature container 4 can be a 300K container; the liquid storage container 1 is used for storing a liquid heat-conducting medium, and the gas storage tank 2 is used for storing a gaseous heat-conducting medium; the heat-conducting medium has different phases when its temperature changes, and is in a liquid state at low temperature and in a gaseous state at high temperature.

[0023] The liquid storage container 1 and the gas storage tank 2 are connected through a pipeline 21, and the heat-conducting medium can flow between the liquid storage container 1 and the gas storage tank 2 when it is in a gaseous state, and enters the gas storage tank 2 from the liquid storage container 1 or enters the liquid storage container 1 from the gas storage tank 2.

[0024] The refrigerator 5 cools the heat-conducting medium through a low-temperature heat exchanger 51 arranged in the liquid storage container 1, so that the heat-conducting medium is liquefied and falls into the liquid storage container 1; the refrigerator 5 and the low-temperature heat exchanger 51 are connected to each other in heat conduction, the refrigerator 5 can generate cold energy, and heat exchange is generated between the low-temperature heat exchanger 51 and the heat-conducting medium, so that the gaseous heat-conducting medium is cooled, and the temperature of the gaseous heat-conducting medium is reduced to form a liquid state after heat exchange with the low-temperature heat exchanger 51, and then the liquid state falls to the bottom of the liquid storage container 1. The low-temperature heat exchanger 51 extends into the inside of the liquid storage container 1, and the gaseous heat-conducting medium flows from the gap between the low-temperature heat exchanger 51 and the liquid storage container 1, and is liquefied from a gaseous state to a liquid state after heat exchange with the low-temperature heat exchanger 51.

[0025] The liquid heat-conducting medium falls to the lower part of the liquid storage container 1, and vaporizes when absorbing the heat conducted by the liquid storage container 1, so that the heat can be quickly conducted out, thereby keeping the lower part of the liquid storage container 1 in a low-temperature state.

[0026] A superconducting coil 6 is arranged in the low-temperature cold screen 3, and the lower part of the liquid storage container 1 and the superconducting coil 6 are both located in the low-temperature cold screen 3, the low-temperature cold screen 3 plays a role of heat insulation, and the inner cavity of the low-temperature cold screen 3 is kept in a low-temperature state; the superconducting coil 6 and the liquid storage container 1 transfer heat through a heat-conducting wire 7.

[0027] The low-temperature cold screen 3 and the liquid storage container 1 are both arranged in the normal-temperature container 4, and the normal-temperature container 4 is used for keeping the internal structure insulated from the outside, and the outside of the normal-temperature container 4 is at room temperature. The pipeline 21 is introduced into the inside of the normal-temperature container 4 from the outside, exchanges heat in the liquid storage container 1 arranged in the inside of the normal-temperature container 4, and is liquefied into a liquid state.

[0028] The low-temperature cold shield 3 and the normal-temperature container 4 are kept in vacuum, and the superconducting coil 6 generates heat which is transmitted to the liquid storage container 1 through the heat-conducting wire 7. The heat-conducting wire 7 has good heat-conducting effect, and the bottom of the liquid storage container 1 has good heat-conducting effect, so that the heat can be quickly transmitted to the liquid heat-conducting medium in the liquid storage container 1. After the heat-conducting medium absorbs the heat, the heat-conducting medium is vaporized into gaseous state and rises to the low-temperature heat exchanger 51, and is cooled into liquid state again, so as to keep dynamic balance.

[0029] The low-temperature heat exchanger of the superconducting magnet provided by the application keeps the superconducting coil 6 in low temperature by heat transmission, and the superconducting coil 6 does not need to be immersed in the liquid heat-conducting medium, so that the heat-conducting medium and the superconducting coil 6 are kept isolated from each other. Compared with the traditional cooling method of immersing the superconducting coil in the medium, the amount of the heat-conducting medium can be effectively reduced, and the superconducting coil 6 can be kept in low temperature environment only by a small amount of heat-conducting medium, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling process is improved, and the cooling time is reduced. Since the heat-conducting medium does not contact the superconducting coil, the speed of replacing or supplementing the heat-conducting medium is faster, and the safe time of the magnet operation without losing superconductivity during power failure can be effectively increased.

[0030] On the basis of the above-mentioned scheme, the heat-conducting wire 7 is connected with the bottom of the liquid storage container 1 through the heat-conducting flange 71, the heat-conducting wire 7 is connected to the heat-conducting flange 71, the heat-conducting wire 7 directly exchanges heat with the heat-conducting flange 71, and the heat-conducting wire 7 can be welded to the heat-conducting flange 71 to reduce the contact thermal resistance. Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the bottom surface of the liquid storage container 1 and the heat-conducting flange 71 are respectively provided with tooth-shaped staggered complementary structures, so that the heat-conducting area is effectively increased compared with the plane contact, and the heat is more quickly conducted between the heat-conducting flange 71 and the liquid storage container 1. The shape of the heat-conducting flange 71 and the heat-conducting fins arranged on the liquid storage container 1 is not limited, as long as the heat-conducting area can be increased.

[0031] Specifically, the heat-conducting coefficient of the heat-conducting flange 71 in the application is not less than that of stainless steel, for example, copper or other materials can be used to make the heat-conducting flange 71, so as to ensure that the heat is timely conducted out.

[0032] The heat-conducting wire 7 in the application preferably adopts soft copper wire, and a plurality of soft copper wires are used to conduct heat between the heat-conducting flange 71 and the liquid storage container 1.

[0033] Preferably, the application is provided with a gas supplementing opening 22 on the gas storage tank 2, and the gaseous heat-conducting medium is supplemented into the gas storage tank 2 through the gas supplementing opening 22. The gas supplementing opening 22 is a tubular structure and is welded on the gas storage tank 2.

[0034] On the basis of any of the above technical solutions and the mutual combination thereof, the liquid storage container 1 and the gas storage tank 2 in the application store one or more of helium, nitrogen, argon and neon, that is, the heat conducting medium can be one or more of helium, nitrogen, argon and neon, if there is only one single-phase gas working medium, if there are two or more mixed gas working mediums; for the mixed gas working medium, different gases have different boiling points, and the heat exchange effect is best in the phase change process of the gas, and by using the gases with different boiling points, the ambient temperature of the superconducting coil 6 can be better controlled, for example, controlled at 77K-65K, 25K-30K, 4.2K-5.2K, etc.

[0035] As shown in Figure 1 The application sets the heat exchange seat 52 for heat conduction at the contact position of the low-temperature cold shield 3 and the liquid storage container 1, the heat exchange seat 52 is arranged in a ring shape, so that the low-temperature cold shield 3 interface remains low temperature, and the heat exchange between the inside and outside of the low-temperature cold shield 3 is reduced.

[0036] Preferably, as shown in Figure 1 The low-temperature cold shield 3 and the normal-temperature container 4 in the application are both convex structures with small top and large bottom, the cross section is generally in the shape of "convex", the superconducting coil 6 is located at the lower part of the low-temperature cold shield 3 with large bottom, the liquid storage container 1 is located at the upper part of the low-temperature cold shield 3 with small top, the gap space between the liquid storage container 1 and the low-temperature cold shield 3 is small, and the gas passing through is convenient for heat exchange, the structure with large bottom and small top can reduce the volume of the whole inner cavity of the low-temperature cold shield 3, thereby being conducive to maintaining the low temperature inside; the low-temperature cold shield 3 is located at the lower part of the normal-temperature container 4 with large bottom, and the refrigerator 5 is located at the upper part of the normal-temperature container 4 with small top, and the structure of the normal-temperature container 4 has similar effects to the low-temperature cold shield 3.

[0037] The above description of disclosed embodiments enables a person skilled in the art to implement or use the application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Therefore, the application will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A superconducting magnet cryogenic heat exchanger apparatus, characterized by, It comprises a liquid storage container (1), a gas storage tank (2), a low-temperature cold shield (3), a normal-temperature container (4) and a refrigerator (5), wherein the liquid storage container (1) and the gas storage tank (2) are connected through a pipeline (21); The refrigerator (5) cools the heat-conducting medium through a low-temperature heat exchanger (51) arranged in the liquid storage container (1), so as to cool the gaseous heat-conducting medium and make the heat-conducting medium liquefy and fall into the liquid storage container (1); An superconducting coil (6) is arranged in the low-temperature cold shield (3), and the superconducting coil (6) and the liquid storage container (1) are connected through a heat-conducting wire (7); The heat-conducting wire (7) is connected with the bottom of the liquid storage container (1) through a heat-conducting flange (71); the contact position between the heat-conducting flange (71) and the liquid storage container (1) is provided with heat radiating fins for increasing the heat exchange area; the heat-conducting coefficient of the heat-conducting flange (71) is not lower than that of stainless steel; The contact position between the low-temperature cold shield (3) and the liquid storage container (1) is provided with a heat exchange seat (52) for heat conduction, and the heat exchange seat (52) is arranged in a ring shape; The low-temperature cold shield (3) and the normal-temperature container (4) are both convex structures with small top and large bottom, the superconducting coil (6) is arranged at the lower part of the low-temperature cold shield (3) with large bottom, the liquid storage container (1) is arranged at the upper part of the low-temperature cold shield (3) with small top, the low-temperature cold shield (3) is arranged at the lower part of the normal-temperature container (4) with large bottom, and the refrigerator (5) is arranged at the upper part of the normal-temperature container (4) with small top.

2. The superconducting magnet cryogenic heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein, The liquid storage container (1) is welded and fixed with the heat-conducting flange (71).

3. The superconducting magnet cryogenic heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein, The heat-conducting wire (7) is a soft copper wire.

4. The superconducting magnet cryogenic heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein, A gas supplementing opening (22) is arranged on the gas storage tank (2) for supplementing the heat-conducting medium into the gas storage tank (2) through the gas supplementing opening (22).

5. The cryogenic heat exchanger of a superconducting magnet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The liquid storage container (1) and the gas storage tank (2) store one or more of helium, nitrogen, argon and neon.

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