A compact processing grinding machine

Abstract

The invention provides a compact processing grinder, which includes a base, a column in the Y-axis direction, a ram, a spindle structure, a processing spindle in the C-axis direction, a cross slide in the Z-axis and X-axis directions, a workpiece spindle mounting table, a workpiece spindle in the A-axis direction, a workpiece magazine and a tool magazine. The processing spindle is mounted on the ram through the spindle structure and is located at one side of the end face of the column provided with a guide rail, and the processing spindle can swing in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction. A cross slide for mounting the workpiece is provided on the base. When processing a workpiece, the machine tool of this structure can drive the spindle to a specific position through the ram and then keep the position unchanged, or perform a very small up and down movement to realize processing of the workpiece. At the same time, the spindle can avoid motion interference. Since the processing spindle does not need to reciprocate up and down movement, the wear on the driving screw used for driving the ram movement is reduced. The movement of the cross slide and the small-angle swing of the processing spindle have small inertia, high control accuracy and improved processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tools, and in particular to a compact machining grinder. Background Art

[0002] Traditional grinders used for machining small workpieces such as cutting tools have the following shortcomings: 1. The traditional integral cutting tool is mainly manufactured by grinding the bar material with a grinding wheel. During grinding, the relative position relationship between the spindle and the bed column has a direct impact on the swing angle of the spindle. In machining under the traditional structure, if the spindle is far away from the column, the rigidity of the spindle decreases; if the spindle is close to the column, the spindle needs to avoid motion interference, thereby reducing the swing angle. When the tip of the tool is close to the center of rotation of the machining axis, the above-mentioned conditional constraints will be more stringent. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a compact processing grinder, which overcomes the problems of easy wear of a ram driving lead screw, low processing efficiency and low processing precision in existing grinders when processing small workpieces such as cutting tools.

[0004] The technical means adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0005] A compact processing grinding machine, comprising:

[0006] Base, column in the Y-axis direction, ram, spindle structure, machining spindle in the C-axis direction, cross slide in the Z-axis and X-axis directions, workpiece spindle mounting table, workpiece spindle in the A-axis direction, workpiece magazine and tool magazine;

[0007] The column is arranged on the base, and a guide rail is arranged on the column, the ram is arranged on the guide rail, and moves along the Y-axis direction; one end of the spindle structure is fixedly connected to the ram, and the other end is fixedly connected to the processing spindle, the processing spindle is located on one side of the end surface of the column provided with the guide rail and can swing in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction;

[0008] The cross slide is located on one side of the end surface of the column provided with the guide rail, and is located below the processing spindle; the workpiece spindle mounting platform is arranged on the cross slide, and the workpiece spindle mounting platform is provided with the workpiece spindle;

[0009] The workpiece library is located on the X-axis slide of the cross slide, close to one end of the column and on the side of the end surface of the column where the guide rail is provided;

[0010] The tool magazine comprises a tool magazine fixing seat and a tool support assembly;

[0011] The tool magazine fixing seat is fixed to one end of the workpiece spindle mounting platform away from the workpiece magazine, and a plurality of tool support assemblies are arranged on the tool magazine fixing seat along the Z-axis direction.

[0012] Furthermore, the main shaft structure comprises:

[0013] B-axis mounting body, B-axis and spindle mounting body;

[0014] The B-axis mounting body comprises a ram connection part, a support part and a B-axis mounting part, wherein the ram connection part is fixedly connected to the ram, one end of the support part is fixed to the ram connection part, and the other end is located on one side of the end surface of the column provided with the guide rail and provided with the B-axis mounting part, and the B-axis is provided on the B-axis mounting part;

[0015] The spindle mounting body includes a B-axis connecting portion and a spindle mounting portion, wherein the B-axis connecting portion is fixedly connected to the B-axis, and the machining spindle is fixed on the spindle mounting portion so that the working area of ​​the machining spindle is located below the B-axis.

[0016] Furthermore, the extension line of the B-axis axis and the extension line of the machining spindle axis are orthogonal at one point.

[0017] Furthermore, an extension line of the B-axis axis is located on the nose end face of the machining spindle.

[0018] Furthermore, the workpiece spindle mounting platform is also provided with a second slide and a second slide driving device, and the second slide driving device can drive the second slide to slide on the workpiece spindle mounting platform along the X-axis direction.

[0019] Furthermore, it also includes a grinding wheel dresser fixed on one side of the workpiece spindle mounting platform.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes a robot, which is fixedly connected to the side of the column facing the workpiece library.

[0021] Further, the base is rectangular;

[0022] The angle between one side of the column opposite to the end surface provided with the guide rail and one side of the column away from the cross slide coincides with the bottom angle of the base.

[0023] Furthermore, a connection width between the support portion and the ram connection portion is smaller than a width of the ram connection portion, and the support portion is fixed to an end of the ram connection portion close to the cross slide.

[0024] Furthermore, the Z-axis slide of the cross slide is arranged on the upper side of the X-axis slide.

[0025] The compact processing grinder disclosed in the present invention has a processing spindle that is installed on a slide through a spindle structure and is located on one side of the end face of a column provided with a guide rail, and the processing spindle can swing in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, and a cross slide for mounting the workpiece is provided on a base. When processing a workpiece, the machine tool with this structure can drive the spindle to a specific position through the slide and then keep the up and down position stationary, or perform a very small amount of up and down movement, and can drive the workpiece to move in the horizontal plane through the swing of the processing spindle in the horizontal plane and the cross slide to achieve processing of the workpiece, and at the same time the spindle can avoid motion interference, and since the processing spindle does not need to reciprocate up and down motion, the wear on the driving screw for driving the slide movement is reduced, and at the same time, the movement of the cross slide and the small-angle swing of the processing spindle have a small inertia, high control accuracy, and improved processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0027] Figure 1 is an axonometric view of the compact machining grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a front view of the compact processing grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a left side view of the compact processing grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a right side view of the compact processing grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a top view of the compact processing grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a front view of the machining spindle of the compact machining grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is an axonometric view of a machining spindle of a compact machining grinder disclosed in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 It is an axonometric view of a tool magazine of a compact machining grinder disclosed in the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 The utility model is an axonometric view of a workpiece spindle mounting platform of a compact processing grinder disclosed in the present invention.

[0036] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0037] 1. Base, 2. Column, 20. Guide rail, 21. Slide, 3. Spindle structure, 30. B-axis mounting body, 31. Spindle mounting body, 32. B-axis, 300. Slide connecting part, 301. Support part, 302. B-axis mounting part, 310. B-axis connecting part, 311. Spindle mounting part, 4. Machining spindle, 5. Cross slide, 6. Workpiece spindle, 60. Workpiece spindle mounting platform, 61. Second slide, 62. Second slide driving device, 63. Grinding wheel dresser, 7. Workpiece magazine, 8. Tool magazine, 80. Tool magazine fixing seat, 81. Tool support assembly, 9. Manipulator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 9 The figure shows a compact processing grinding machine disclosed in the present invention, comprising: a base 1, a column 2 in the Y-axis direction, a ram 21, a spindle structure 3, a processing spindle 4 in the C-axis direction, a cross slide 5 in the Z-axis and X-axis directions, a workpiece spindle mounting table 60, a workpiece spindle 6 in the A-axis direction, a workpiece magazine 7 and a tool magazine 8;

[0040] The column 2 is arranged on the base 1, and a guide rail 20 is arranged on the column 2, and the ram 21 is arranged on the guide rail 20 and moves along the Y-axis direction; one end of the spindle structure 3 is fixedly connected to the ram 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the processing spindle 4, and the processing spindle 4 is located on one side of the end surface of the column 2 provided with the guide rail 20 and can swing in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction;

[0041] The cross slide 5 is located on one side of the end face of the column 2 where the guide rail 20 is provided, and is located below the machining spindle 4; the workpiece spindle mounting platform 60 is provided on the cross slide 5, and the workpiece spindle 6 is provided on the workpiece spindle mounting platform 60; in this embodiment, the Z-axis slide of the cross slide is provided on the upper side of the X-axis slide.

[0042] The workpiece storage 7 is located on the X-axis slide of the cross slide 5, close to one end of the column 2 and on the end surface of the column 2 where the guide rail 20 is provided;

[0043] The tool magazine 8 includes a tool magazine fixing seat 80 and a tool support assembly 81;

[0044] The tool magazine fixing seat 80 is fixed to one end of the workpiece spindle mounting platform 60 away from the workpiece magazine 7 , and a plurality of tool support assemblies 81 are provided on the tool magazine fixing seat 80 along the Z-axis direction.

[0045] In this embodiment, the movement of the machining spindle 4 is relatively small. When the slide reciprocates at a certain position under the action of the driving screw, the wear of the screw at this position is avoided. When the screw drives the slide and the spindle to reciprocate up and down, the slide and the spindle have a large mass and generate a large inertia, which avoids the need for the machine tool to perform a large amount of calculations for compensation, affecting the machining efficiency and machining accuracy. At the same time, since the tool magazine and the workpiece spindle are located on the same side of the machining spindle 4, after the spindle replaces the tool, it can move to the workpiece spindle to start machining the workpiece without making a large stroke movement, thereby improving the machining efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0046] Furthermore, it also includes a tool magazine 84, and the tool magazine 84 includes a tool magazine fixing seat 85 and a tool support assembly 83;

[0047] In the present invention, since the tool magazine fixing seat 80 is fixed to the end of the workpiece spindle mounting platform 60 away from the workpiece magazine, a plurality of tool support assemblies 81 are provided on the tool magazine fixing seat 80 along the Z-axis direction. In the present invention, by setting the tool magazine on the cross slide, the tool changing process can be realized only by controlling the XYZ three-coordinate of the machine tool, without the need for other auxiliary components. The grinding machine disclosed in the present invention performs the tool change process in the tool magazine as follows: the machining spindle rotates in the horizontal plane so that the axis of the machining spindle is parallel to the X-axis and the nose of the machining spindle faces one side of the workpiece magazine, the ram drives the machining spindle to move upward to a certain height so that the machining spindle and the workpiece spindle do not interfere with each other, the cross slide moves to adjust the position of the tool magazine so that the empty tool position in the tool magazine is located below the machining spindle, the ram drives the machining spindle to move downward, inserts the tool on the machining spindle into the empty tool position in the tool magazine, the cross slide drives the tool magazine to move away from the machining spindle along the X-axis direction so that the tool is separated from the machining spindle, the cross slide drives the tool magazine to move along the Z-axis direction to adjust the tool to be replaced to a position corresponding to the axis of the machining spindle, and then the cross slide drives the tool magazine to move close to the machining spindle along the X-axis direction, and inserts the tool to be replaced into the machining spindle, the ram drives the machining spindle to move upward to achieve the separation of the tool and the tool magazine, and then realizes automatic tool change. In this embodiment, due to the limited space of the tool magazine, a tool without a cooling component can be set in the tool magazine.

[0048] Furthermore, the main shaft structure comprises:

[0049] B-axis mounting body 30, B-axis 32 and spindle mounting body 31;

[0050] The B-axis mounting body 30 includes a ram connection portion 300, a support portion 301 and a B-axis mounting portion 302. The ram connection portion 300 is fixedly connected to the ram 21. One end of the support portion 301 is fixed to the ram connection portion 300, and the other end is located at one side of the end surface of the column 2 provided with the guide rail 20 and provided with the B-axis mounting portion 302. The B-axis 32 is provided on the B-axis mounting portion 302.

[0051] The spindle mounting body 31 includes a B-axis connecting portion 310 and a spindle mounting portion 311, wherein the B-axis connecting portion 310 is fixedly connected to the B-axis 32, and the processing spindle 4 is fixed to the spindle mounting portion 311 so that the working area of ​​the processing spindle 4 is located below the B-axis 32. In the present invention, the processing spindle is located on the side of the end face of the column 2 provided with the guide rail 20 through the B-axis mounting body, the B-axis and the spindle mounting body, and the rotation of the B-axis can drive the processing spindle to swing in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction, thereby eliminating the interference between the processing spindle and the column when swinging in the horizontal plane. At the same time, since the processing spindle is arranged on the side of the end face of the column provided with the guide rail, the distance between the axis of the processing spindle and the end face of the guide rail is reduced, the rigidity between the processing spindle and the ram is ensured, and the dynamic performance of the machine tool is improved.

[0052] Furthermore, the extension line of the axis of the B-axis 32 is orthogonal to the extension line of the axis of the machining spindle 4 at one point. In the present application, the extension line of the machining spindle is orthogonal to the extension line of the B-axis at one point, so that the nose of the machining spindle is close to the rotation center, which reduces the swing distance of the machining spindle, thereby reducing the amount of calculation when the machining spindle is working, and improving the machining efficiency. At the same time, because the nose of the machining spindle is close to the axis of the B-axis, the error when the B-axis drives the machining spindle to work is reduced, and the machining accuracy is improved.

[0053] Furthermore, the extension line of the axis of the B-axis 32 is located on the nose end face of the machining spindle 4. That is, the rotation center of the machining spindle in the horizontal plane coincides with the axis of the B-axis, further reducing the calculation amount of the machining spindle and improving machining efficiency and machining accuracy.

[0054] From the perspective of the entire machine tool layout, this structure takes into account both rigidity and avoiding motion interference. Let the tool tip point be as close as possible to the orthogonal point of the rotary axis of the five-axis linkage, and try to reduce the amount of calculation of the five-axis linkage interpolation operation. Due to the large load on the Y-axis and frequent small displacement or reciprocating motion, the cost of dynamic characteristics and accuracy assurance is high compared to other linear axes (higher performance requirements for control, drive, motor, transmission, etc.). For blanks such as tool bars, since the Y-axis does not need frequent reciprocating motion, this machine tool structure is suitable for processing tool bars. During processing, this machine tool structure mainly uses the X-axis, Z-axis, B-axis, A-axis and other motion axes with smaller loads to complete the five-axis motion interpolation. The Y-axis is mainly involved in a small amount of five-axis motion interpolation such as feed and retract. Therefore, this machine tool structure can maximize its strengths and avoid its weaknesses.

[0055] Furthermore, the workpiece spindle mounting platform 60 is also provided with a second slide 61 and a second slide drive device 62, and the second slide drive device 62 can drive the second slide 61 to slide on the workpiece spindle mounting platform along the X-axis direction. Specifically, a guide rail is fixedly mounted on the workpiece spindle mounting platform 60, and the second slide is mounted on the guide rail. The second slide drive device 62 can be a pneumatic cylinder or a screw drive device for driving the second slide to slide on the workpiece spindle mounting platform. The second slide can be provided with a top or a support frame and other structures to ensure that both ends of the workpiece are supported when processing the workpiece, thereby improving the processing accuracy.

[0056] Furthermore, it also includes a grinding wheel dresser 63 fixed on one side of the workpiece spindle mounting platform 60. In this embodiment, the grinding wheel dresser is arranged on the side of the workpiece spindle mounting platform 63 close to the column, which can conveniently dress the tool (grinding wheel).

[0057] Furthermore, the connection width between the support portion 301 and the slide connection portion 300 is smaller than the width of the slide connection portion 300, and the support portion 301 is fixed to one end of the slide connection portion 300 close to the cross slide 5, which can increase the space under the support portion to facilitate the setting of the machining spindle, effectively avoiding interference between the machining spindle and the column.

[0058] Furthermore, the base 1 is rectangular;

[0059] The angle between the side of the column 2 opposite to the end face with the guide rail 20 and the side of the column 2 away from the cross slide 5 coincides with the bottom angle of the base 1. The column is set at a corner of the base, so that the space at the front end of the column with the guide rail end face on the base can be used to set the first tool magazine, and the side of the column with the guide rail end face can be set to the workpiece magazine, so that all the space of the base is fully utilized, which can greatly improve the space utilization rate of the machine tool. The overall layout of the machine tool is compact and reduces the floor space, so that more processing equipment can be arranged under the same workshop area, improving production capacity and reducing production costs.

[0060] Furthermore, it also includes a manipulator 9, which is installed on the side of the column 2 facing the workpiece library. The manipulator can move up and down and rotate on the side of the column. By setting the manipulator 9, rapid switching of workpieces can be achieved.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact processing grinder, characterized in that: include: Base, column in the Y-axis direction, ram, spindle structure, machining spindle in the C-axis direction, cross slide in the Z-axis and X-axis directions, workpiece spindle mounting table, workpiece spindle in the A-axis direction, workpiece magazine and tool magazine; The column is arranged on the base, and a guide rail is arranged on the column, the ram is arranged on the guide rail, and moves along the Y-axis direction; one end of the spindle structure is fixedly connected to the ram, and the other end is fixedly connected to the processing spindle, the processing spindle is located on one side of the end surface of the column provided with the guide rail and can swing in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the Y-axis direction; The cross slide is located on one side of the end surface of the column provided with the guide rail, and is located below the processing spindle; the workpiece spindle mounting platform is arranged on the cross slide, and the workpiece spindle mounting platform is provided with the workpiece spindle; The workpiece library is located on the X-axis slide of the cross slide, close to one end of the column and on the side of the end surface of the column where the guide rail is provided; The tool magazine comprises a tool magazine fixing seat and a tool support assembly; The tool magazine fixing seat is fixed to one end of the workpiece spindle mounting platform away from the workpiece magazine, and a plurality of tool support assemblies are arranged on the tool magazine fixing seat along the Z-axis direction; The main shaft structure comprises: B-axis mounting body, B-axis and spindle mounting body; The B-axis mounting body comprises a ram connection part, a support part and a B-axis mounting part, wherein the ram connection part is fixedly connected to the ram, one end of the support part is fixed to the ram connection part, and the other end is located on one side of the end surface of the column provided with the guide rail and provided with the B-axis mounting part, and the B-axis is provided on the B-axis mounting part; The spindle mounting body comprises a B-axis connecting portion and a spindle mounting portion, wherein the B-axis connecting portion is fixedly connected to the B-axis, and the machining spindle is fixed on the spindle mounting portion so that the working area of ​​the machining spindle is located below the B-axis; The extension line of the B-axis axis is orthogonal to the extension line of the machining spindle axis at one point and the extension line of the B-axis axis is located on the nose end face of the machining spindle; The workpiece spindle mounting platform is also provided with a second slide and a second slide driving device, and the second slide driving device can drive the second slide to slide along the X-axis direction on the workpiece spindle mounting platform; It also includes a grinding wheel dresser fixed on one side of the workpiece spindle mounting platform.

2. The compact processing grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a robot arm, which is fixedly connected to the side of the column facing the workpiece library.

3. The compact processing grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is rectangular; The angle between one side of the column opposite to the end surface provided with the guide rail and one side of the column away from the cross slide coincides with the bottom angle of the base.

4. The compact processing grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection width between the support portion and the ram connection portion is smaller than the width of the ram connection portion, and the support portion is fixed to one end of the ram connection portion close to the cross slide.

5. The compact processing grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis slide of the cross slide is arranged on the upper side of the X-axis slide.

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