S-wave impact bell striking micro-log surface analysis device, system and method

Abstract

The present invention provides a shear-wave bell-striking micro-logging surface layer analysis device, system and method. The device includes a bell-striking device, an impact excitation device and a support device. Among them, the support device is used to suspend the bell-striking device and fix the impact excitation device. The bell-striking device impacts the impact excitation device from an inclined direction under an external force to generate a longitudinal wave source and a shear wave source. The present invention can improve the shear wave excitation energy to increase the shear wave surface layer investigation depth.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, and particularly to a shear wave bell - striking micro - logging surface layer analysis device, system and method. Background Art

[0002] In the field of geophysical exploration, with the deepening of oil and gas exploration, single - wave exploration is difficult to solve the problems of complex structures and thin reservoir resolution, and joint P - wave and S - wave exploration needs to be carried out. Shear wave surface investigation is an important task in shear wave seismic acquisition projects, and it is also the premise and basis for solving near - surface modeling and static correction calculation. In the Sanhu area of the Qaidam Basin, since 2001, 2D converted - wave, 3D converted - wave, pure shear - wave 2D, P - wave and S - wave 2D, and P - wave and S - wave 3D seismic explorations have been carried out successively. Among them, micro - logging is an effective method to improve the accuracy of shear wave surface investigation. A variety of shear - wave micro - logging construction methods such as knocking on micro - logging with sleepers on both sides, exciting micro - logging with electric sparks, and knocking on small refraction with lateral steel plates have been tried for shear wave surface investigation. However, the existing shear wave surface investigation methods have the problem of weak excitation energy, which limits the depth of shear wave investigation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to provide a shear wave bell - striking micro - logging surface layer analysis device to improve the shear wave excitation energy and thus increase the depth of shear wave surface investigation. Another object of the present invention is to provide a shear wave bell - striking micro - logging surface investigation system. Another object of the present invention is to provide a shear wave bell - striking micro - logging surface investigation method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device. Another object of the present invention is to provide a readable medium.

[0004] To achieve the above objects, on the one hand, the present invention discloses a shear wave bell - striking micro - logging surface layer analysis device, including a bell - striking device, an impact excitation device and a support device;

[0005] Among them, the support device is used to hang the bell - striking device and fix the impact excitation device, and the bell - striking device impacts the impact excitation device from an inclined direction under an external force to generate a longitudinal wave source and a shear wave source.

[0006] Preferably, the bell - striking device includes an oxygen tank filled with fine sand.

[0007] Preferably, the bell - striking device further includes ear hooks provided at both ends of the oxygen tank for hanging the oxygen tank and a T - shaped handle for applying a force to the oxygen tank.

[0008] Preferably, the impact excitation device includes a sleeper and a serrated nail fixed on the ground;

[0009] A steel plate is welded to the surface of the sleeper that collides with the bell striking device, the serrated nail is embedded in the sleeper, and the support device is placed above the sleeper to fix the sleeper to the ground.

[0010] The present invention also discloses a shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface layer analysis system, including the shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface layer analysis device as described above, downhole three-component geophones, and a seismic recording instrument;

[0011] The seismic recording instrument is used to control the downhole three-component geophones to collect the acquisition signals formed after the signals emitted by the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source pass through the formation while the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source are formed by the impact of the shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface layer analysis device, perform time shift correction on the acquisition signals, and perform rotation calculation on the corrected acquisition signals to obtain the R and T components.

[0012] Preferably, the seismic recording instrument is used to receive the short circuit signals generated when the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source are formed by the impact of the shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface layer analysis device, and control the three-component geophones to collect the acquisition signals.

[0013] Preferably, the seismic recording instrument includes a seismic recorder, a first shear wave trigger line, and a second shear wave trigger line;

[0014] The first ends of the first shear wave trigger line and the second shear wave trigger line are electrically connected to the seismic recorder, and the second ends of the first shear wave trigger line and the second shear wave trigger line are respectively connected to the bell striking device and the impact excitation device;

[0015] The positions where the first shear wave trigger line is connected to the bell striking device and the position where the second shear wave trigger line is connected to the impact excitation device are the positions where the bell striking device and the impact excitation device collide.

[0016] Preferably, it further includes a geophone arranged at the wellhead of the micro-logging;

[0017] The geophone is used to pick up the first arrival signals formed after the signals emitted by the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source pass through the formation, and the seismic recording instrument is used to perform time shift correction on the acquisition signals according to the first arrival signals.

[0018] Preferably, the seismic recording instrument is used to perform RT rotation on the X and Y components of the shear wave signals of the acquisition signals to obtain the angle corresponding to the maximum root mean square amplitude, and perform rotation calculation on the X and Y components according to the angle to obtain the R and T components.

[0019] The present invention also discloses a shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface layer analysis method, including:

[0020] While the shear wave bell striking micro - log surface analysis device impacts to form the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source, control the downhole three - component geophone to collect the acquisition signals formed after the signals emitted by the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source pass through the formation;

[0021] Perform time - shift correction on the acquisition signals;

[0022] Perform rotation calculation on the corrected acquisition signals to obtain R and T components.

[0023] Preferably, the performing rotation calculation on the corrected acquisition signals to obtain R and T components specifically includes:

[0024] Perform RT rotation on the X and Y components of the shear wave signals of the acquisition signals to obtain the angle corresponding to the maximum root - mean - square amplitude;

[0025] Perform rotation calculation on the X and Y components according to the angle to obtain R and T components.

[0026] The present invention also discloses a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor,

[0027] When the processor executes the program, the above - described method is implemented.

[0028] The present invention also discloses a computer - readable medium, on which a computer program is stored,

[0029] When the program is executed by the processor, the above - described method is implemented.

[0030] The present invention provides a shear wave bell striking micro - log surface analysis device, which can improve the shear wave excitation energy, reduce the shear wave first - arrival recording noise, and increase the shear wave micro - log well investigation depth, providing reliable basic data for shear wave surface modeling and static correction calculation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a specific embodiment of the shear wave bell striking micro - log surface analysis device and system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the Z - component of the acquisition signal in the prior art;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram showing the X component of a specific embodiment of the shear-wave bell-striking micro-log surface layer analysis system of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 Flowchart showing a specific embodiment of the shear-wave bell-striking micro-log surface layer analysis method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 Flowchart showing a specific embodiment of S300 of the shear-wave bell-striking micro-log surface layer analysis method of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 Schematic diagram showing the structure of a computer device suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1 downhole three-component geophone, 2 downhole three-component geophone cable, 3 wellbore wall, 4 wellhead distance, 5 ground, 6 wellhead geophone, 7 shallow seismic recording instrument, 8 cable joint, 9 trigger joint, 10 wire rope, 111 first shear-wave trigger line, 112 second shear-wave trigger line, 12 handle, 13 oxygen tank, 14 lifting belt, 15 crane, 16 truck, 17 sleeper, 18 serrated nail. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] According to one aspect of the present invention, this embodiment discloses a shear-wave bell-striking micro-log surface layer analysis device. As Figure 1 shown, the device includes a bell-striking device, an impact excitation device, and a support device.

[0042] Among them, the support device is used to suspend the bell-striking device and fix the impact excitation device. The bell-striking device impacts the impact excitation device from an inclined direction under an external force to generate a longitudinal wave source and a shear wave source. Among them, it can be understood that the inclined direction is all directions excluding vertical and parallel, and the impact position can be flexibly set according to actual needs, and the present invention does not limit this.

[0043] The present invention proposes a shear-wave bell-striking micro-log surface layer analysis device, which can improve the shear-wave excitation energy, reduce the shear-wave first arrival record noise, and increase the shear-wave micro-log well investigation depth, providing reliable basic data for shear-wave surface layer modeling and static correction calculation.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, the bell striking device includes an oxygen cylinder 13 filled with fine sand. Specifically, in this preferred embodiment, the bell striking device is made by filling the oxygen cylinder 13 with fine sand, which can increase the striking force and excitation energy by nearly 10 times.

[0045] Among them, in a specific example, the mouth of the discarded oxygen cylinder 13 (specification model: the specification of a 40L gas cylinder is: 1400mm (height) × 219mm (diameter), weight is 50kg) can be opened and filled with fine sand, and then resealed. There are two advantages after filling the oxygen cylinder 13 with fine sand: ① The weight of the oxygen cylinder 13 is increased. According to the density of sand being 1400 - 1700 kg / m 3 , the actually measured density of the compacted sand is 1600 kg / m 3 , 1 liter = 0.001 m 3 , the weight of the oxygen cylinder 13 filled with sand: the specification of a 40L gas cylinder: 40 liters × 0.001 m3 × 1600 kg / m3 + 50 kg = 114 kg; ② The noise generated by the impact of the empty oxygen cylinder 13 is reduced.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the bell striking device further includes ear hooks provided at both ends of the oxygen cylinder 13 for hanging the oxygen cylinder 13 and a T-shaped handle 12 for applying a force to the oxygen cylinder 13.

[0047] Among them, in a specific example, 10 cm ear hooks (spacing 1 m) can be welded at both ends of the oxygen cylinder 13, and the lifting belt 14 can be fixed to the ear hooks with a lock (specification can be: strength: flat lifting belt 14 1T - 30T, bandwidth: 25 mm - 150 mm, length: 5 - 6 m). After using a small 3.5-ton crane 15 to hook up the lifting belt 14, adjust the height of the crane 15 and the appropriate position of the lifting belt 14 to ensure that the sealed end of the oxygen cylinder 13 is 50 cm above the ground, the bottom end of the oxygen cylinder 13 is 10 cm above the ground, and the oxygen cylinder 13 is in a suspended state. Weld a convenient operating hand-push T-shaped handle 12 (20 - 40 cm) at the sealed end of the oxygen cylinder 13. The operator can hold the handle 12 to push the oxygen cylinder 13 to impact the sleeper 17 or pull the oxygen cylinder 13 (the pulling distance is about 1 m).

[0048] It can be understood that the impact force of the oxygen cylinder 13 on the sleeper 17 can be estimated and compared with the conventional heavy hammer striking the sleeper 17. The specific situation is as follows:

[0049] According to the momentum theorem (I = Ft and P = mv), the increment of the momentum of an object is equal to the impulse of the resultant external force acting on it. The formula is as follows:

[0050] I = F × Δt (1)

[0051] P = m × v (2)

[0052]

[0053] Among them, F is the knocking force, I represents the impulse done by the force F, P is the momentum of the object, m is the mass of the knocking weight, g is the gravity of the object 9.8 N / kg, Δt is the change in time, and v is the velocity of the object.

[0054] Using a conventional heavy hammer (8 pounds = 3.63 kg, 12 pounds = 5.44 kg, 16 pounds = 7.25 kg) to knock, the normal hammer knocking speed v = 4 m / s, the knocking (striking) time is 0.01 s. According to (3), it can be calculated that for the 8-pound hammer, F = 7.25 kg × 4 m / s / 0.01 s + 7.25 kg × 9.8 N / kg ≈ 1487 N; for the 12-pound hammer, F = 7.25 kg × 4 m / s / 0.01 s + 7.25 kg × 9.8 N / kg ≈ 2229 N; for the 16-pound hammer, F = 7.25 kg × 4 m / s / 0.01 s + 7.25 kg × 9.8 N / kg ≈ 2971 N.

[0055] Using the oxygen tank 13 filled with sand (114 kg) to knock, the operator gives the oxygen tank 13 a thrust F0 = 300 N (quoted from the 5th edition of "Mechanical Design Handbook" by Cheng Daxian, Chemical Industry Press). The oxygen tank 13 travels a distance S = 1 m from rest to hitting the sleeper 17. Without considering the centripetal force of the oxygen tank 13's swing and only considering the horizontal free movement, and according to the principle of Newton's second law, the velocity v of the oxygen tank 13 when it hits the sleeper 17 can be calculated as follows:

[0056] F0 = m × a (4)

[0057] v = a × t (5)

[0058]

[0059] Among them, t is the time and a is the acceleration of the object. According to formulas (4) - (6), it can be calculated that v = 2.3 m / s, the knocking (striking) time is 0.01 s. According to (3), it can be calculated that F = 114 kg × 2.3 m / s / 0.01 s + 114 kg × 9.8 N / kg ≈ 27337 N. At the same time, the operator gives the oxygen tank 13 an additional thrust F0 = 300 N. The total impact force F of the oxygen tank 13 is 27337 N + 300 N = 27637 N. The impact force of the oxygen tank 13 is 9.3 - 18.5 times that of the conventional hammers (8 pounds, 12 pounds, and 16 pounds).

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the impact excitation device includes a sleeper 17 and a serrated nail 18 fixed to the ground 5. A steel plate is welded to the surface of the sleeper 17 that is struck by the bell striking device. The serrated nail 18 is embedded in the sleeper 17 and the support device is placed above the sleeper 17 to fix the sleeper 17 to the ground 5.

[0061] Among them, in a specific example, a sleeper 17 (300 cm long × 30 cm wide × 30 cm high) can be fabricated and wrapped and welded with steel plates at both ends and along the edges. At the same time, serrated nails 18 (serrated surfaces) are embedded in the contact surface between the sleeper 17 and the ground 5, and the sleeper 17 is pressed by a truck 16 to ensure the coupling between the sleeper 17 and the ground 5, as Figure 1 shown. Among them, the shallow seismic recording instrument 7 is electrically connected to the downhole three-component geophone 1 disposed downhole through the downhole three-component geophone cable 2. One end of the surface geophone 6 is connected to the cable connector 8 of the seismic recording instrument 7, and the other end is connected to the downhole three-component geophone 1. The micro-logging includes a well bottom and a well wall 3. A steel wire rope 10 is connected to the three-component geophone 1, and the three-component geophone 1 can be lowered or lifted through the steel wire rope 10. The surface geophone 6 is disposed at the wellhead where the well wall 3 meets the ground 5, and the surface geophone 6 is connected to the cable connector 8 of the seismic recording instrument 7 through a cable. In addition, the distance 4 between the wellhead and the impact position needs to be measured in advance for later analysis of the collected signals.

[0062] The cross-sectional dimension design of the sleeper 17 ensures uniform stress distribution of the shear force and maximum output shear stress (maximum shear strength) on the one hand. Assuming that the shear stress is uniformly distributed on the shear plane, the calculation formula for the shear stress is:

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Among them, τ is the shear stress (unit: megapascal MPa), F Q is the impact force received by the sleeper 17 (unit: newton N), A is the cross-sectional area of the sleeper 17 (unit: square meter), d and h are the width and height of the cross-section of the sleeper 17 (unit: meter), R is the diameter of the oxygen tank 13 (unit: meter). It can be seen from formula (7) that the shear stress is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the sleeper 17. The smaller the cross-sectional area of the sleeper 17, the greater the shear stress generated by the impact on the sleeper 17. At the same time, the cross-sectional area of the sleeper 17 is larger than the bottom area of the oxygen tank 13. Therefore, it is designed that the width and height of the interface of the sleeper 17 are equal and greater than the bottom diameter of the oxygen tank 13 by 0.219 m. The width and height of the cross-section of the sleeper 17 are designed to be 0.3 m, so that the shear stress of the sleeper 17 can be calculated

[0066] The main purpose of wrapping the sleeper 17 with a steel plate is to improve the elastic deformation of the sleeper 17. The elastic constant of the main wood is 6000 - 17000 MPa, and the elastic constant of pine is 16272 MPa. The shear stress generated by the oxygen tank 13 hitting the sleeper 17 is much greater than the elastic constant of the sleeper 17. Therefore, wrapping the sleeper 17 with a steel plate enhances the elastic constant of the sleeper 17.

[0067] Insert serrated nails 18 into the contact surface between the sleeper 17 and the ground 5 to form a serrated surface, ensuring that the sleeper 17 grasps the ground 5 and preventing the sleeper 17 from slipping sideways and decoupling after being hit.

[0068] Furthermore, the front wheels of a truck 16 (model: Dongfeng four-wheel drive pointed off-road truck 16EQ1093, vehicle weight: 4990 kg, external dimensions (mm): 6910×2470×2475, used as a support device) can press on the sleeper 17 to prevent the sleeper 17 from slipping sideways and decoupling after being hit. At the same time, the crane 15 is fixed on the truck 16 to achieve the integration of the device.

[0069] When performing surface layer analysis of the cross-wave bell striking micro-logging, using the bell to strike the sleeper 17 to excite the force source not only generates a strong energy cross-wave source but also generates a longitudinal wave source due to the radiation of the force source. At the same time, when hoisting the oxygen tank 13, the oxygen tank 13 is placed in an inclined state (the sealed end of the oxygen tank 13 is 50 cm above the ground, the bottom end of the oxygen tank 13 is 10 cm above the ground, and the oxygen tank 13 is in a suspended state) to hit the sleeper 17, generating not only horizontal shear force but also downward compressive stress, thereby enhancing the excitation energy of the longitudinal wave. This excitation device not only obtains a strong energy cross-wave but also a strong energy longitudinal wave, and the device realizes the function of "one source, two waves (longitudinal wave and cross-wave)".

[0070] Based on the same principle, this embodiment also discloses a surface layer analysis system for cross-wave bell striking micro-logging. Please refer to Figure 1 again. The system includes the surface layer analysis device for cross-wave bell striking micro-logging as described in this embodiment, downhole three-component geophones 1, and a seismic recording instrument 7.

[0071] The seismic recording instrument 7 is used to control the downhole three-component geophones to collect the acquisition signals formed after the longitudinal wave source and the cross-wave source emitted by the surface layer analysis device for cross-wave bell striking micro-logging pass through the formation while the longitudinal wave source and the cross-wave source are being formed by the impact of the surface layer analysis device for cross-wave bell striking micro-logging. Perform time shift correction on the acquisition signals, and perform rotation calculation on the corrected acquisition signals to obtain the R and T components.

[0072] The present invention proposes a surface layer analysis system for cross-wave bell striking micro-logging, which can improve the cross-wave excitation energy, reduce the cross-wave first arrival recording noise, and increase the cross-wave micro-logging well investigation depth, providing reliable basic data for cross-wave surface layer modeling and static correction calculation.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment, the seismic recording instrument 7 is used to receive the short - circuit signal generated when the shear - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface analysis device impacts to form the longitudinal - wave source and the shear - wave source, and controls the three - component geophone 1 to collect the acquisition signal.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a first shear - wave trigger line 111 and a second shear - wave trigger line 112.

[0075] Wherein, the first ends of the first shear - wave trigger line 111 and the second shear - wave trigger line 112 are electrically connected to the seismic recording instrument 7. Specifically, they can be connected to the trigger connector 9 of the seismic recording instrument 7. The second ends of the first shear - wave trigger line 111 and the second shear - wave trigger line 112 are respectively connected to the bell - striking device and the impact excitation device.

[0076] The positions where the first shear - wave trigger line 111 is connected to the bell - striking device and the second shear - wave trigger line 112 is connected to the impact excitation device are the positions where the bell - striking device and the impact excitation device impact.

[0077] It can be understood that in this preferred embodiment, the short - circuit trigger principle is used to realize the synchronous acquisition between the bell - striking and the shallow - layer seismic recording instrument 7. In a specific example, cut 2 pieces of 5 - m shear - wave trigger lines 11. Connect one end of the 2 shear - wave trigger lines 11 to the trigger connector 9 of the shallow - layer seismic recording instrument 7, and wrap the connector with 3M anti - electric wide tape. Weld a 10 - mm earring at the bottom edge of the oxygen tank 13 and connect it to the other end of one shear - wave trigger line 11. Weld a 10 - mm earring at the edge of the steel - wrapped end of the sleeper 17 and connect it to the other end of one shear - wave trigger line 11. When the oxygen tank 13 impacts the sleeper 17 instantaneously, the two shear - wave trigger lines 11 form a current loop, thereby triggering the shallow - layer seismic recording instrument 7 to perform acquisition, realizing the synchronous acquisition between the bell - striking and the shallow - layer seismic recording instrument 7. That is, when the seismic recording instrument 7 receives the short - circuit signal generated when the shear - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface analysis device impacts to form the longitudinal - wave source and the shear - wave source, it simultaneously controls the three - component geophone 1 to collect the acquisition signal.

[0078] Specifically, when collecting shear - wave micro - logging data for a production well, signal acquisition is carried out at depth intervals of 3 m below 20 m, 2 m between 10 - 20 m, 1 m between 5 - 10 m, and 0.5 m below 0 - 5 m. The three - component geophone 1 is lowered to the bottom of the well, and the acquisition signal is collected point - by - point from the bottom to the top of the well in sequence. For each depth, the shear - wave is collected 2 times, and the file numbers are recorded in sequence as 1.SG2, 2.SG2, 3.SG2........

[0079] The acquisition signals collected by pulse acquisition for each excitation are monitored in real time. The focus is on monitoring the waveform appearance, frequency, energy, noise, and first arrival position of the acquisition signals. Any abnormal acquisition signals are promptly detected, recorded, and re - collected to ensure the correctness of the acquisition signal records for each excitation. Based on the percussion to generate a pulse wave source, the pick - up point of the first arrival wave is picked as the first arrival of the micro - log record.

[0080] In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes a geophone disposed at the wellhead of the micro - log. The geophone is used to pick up the first arrival signals formed by the signals emitted by the longitudinal wave source and the transverse wave source passing through the formation. The seismic recording instrument 7 is used to perform time - shift correction on the acquisition signals according to the first arrival signals. It can be understood that the time - shift correction of the acquisition signals can be achieved by using common technical means in the art. By recording the first arrival signals with the wellhead geophone 6 to correct the time - shift of the first arrival of the acquisition signals generated by the bell - striking of the wooden sleeper 17, the wave consistency of the micro - log record can be improved.

[0081] It can be understood that the bell - striking of the wooden sleeper 17 forms a transverse wave source and a longitudinal wave source, thereby exciting a pulse wave. The magnitude of the impact force, the impact position, the ground coupling, and the quality of the line contact all affect the generation of the pulse wave and the synchronization of the instrument to collect the pulse signal. In the prior art, special equipment is required to verify the consistency of the excitation signal and the acquisition signal for such a device. The present invention uses the wellhead geophone 6 to record the first arrival signals for time - difference correction of the micro - log acquisition signal records.

[0082] Specifically, select the first arrival signals of the wellhead geophone 6 with relatively clear first arrivals of any component and display them according to the waveform. Pick up the first arrival positions, eliminate the time - shifted channels of the first arrival positions, calculate the average first arrival time, and subtract the average first arrival time from the first arrival of each channel to obtain a relatively accurate time - shift amount generated by the bell - striking of the wooden sleeper 17 in the acquisition system. Use this time - shift amount to uniformly correct all acquisition signals. The formula is as follows:

[0083]

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] Among them, is the average first arrival time of the wellhead geophone 6 after eliminating the first arrival - shifted channels, N is the number of channels, t i is the first arrival time of the wellhead geophone 6 after eliminating the first arrival - shifted channels, Δt i is the time - shift amount generated by the bell - striking of the wooden sleeper 17 in the acquisition system, X i (t) is the micro - log record of the bell - striking, is the micro - log record after time - difference correction of the bell - striking, and t is the time.

[0087] In a preferred embodiment, the seismic recording instrument 7 is used to perform RT rotation on the X and Y components of the shear wave signal of the acquired signal to obtain the angle corresponding to the maximum root mean square amplitude, and the R and T components are obtained by performing rotation calculation on the X and Y components according to the angle. Wherein, the X and Y directions are two mutually perpendicular horizontal directions of the rectangular coordinate.

[0088] It can be understood that in this preferred embodiment, RT rotation is performed on the X and Y components of the percussion shear wave record, and the two shear wave components are directly rotated and corrected into fast and slow components.

[0089] During the lifting process of the downhole three-component geophone, it rotates freely and cannot fix the direction of the geophone, resulting in relatively poor consistency of the recorded waves. It is necessary to perform RT rotation on the downhole three-component geophone 1. The implementation steps of the RT rotation technology are as follows:

[0090] Extract the recorded X component and Y component, initially pick the first arrivals of the X component and Y component, and select the X component and Y component within the 50 ms time window of the first arrival position.

[0091] Perform rotation angle scanning according to the RT rotation formulas (12) and (13). From the range of 0 - 180 degrees with an angle increment of 1 degree, calculate the root mean square amplitudes ER and ET of the rotated X component and Y component degree by degree, and output the angle Ang corresponding to the maximum root mean square amplitude.

[0092] R k (t i ) = X(t i ) × cos(Ang k ) + Y(t i ) × sin(Ang k ) (12)

[0093] T k (t i ) = X(t i ) × sin(Ang k ) + Y(t i ) × cos(Ang k ) (13)

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Wherein, X(t i ) and Y(t i ) respectively represent the X component and Y component, t i represents the time corresponding to the selected time window sample point, M represents the number of time window sample points, Ang k represents the rotation angle, the range is 0 - 180 degrees, k represents the angle increment serial number; ERk Represents the root mean square amplitude of the R component after rotation, ET k Represents the root mean square amplitude of the T component after rotation.

[0097] The recorded X and Y components are rotated according to the calculated angle to obtain the R and T components, thus obtaining the fast and slow wave records for the comparison of the first arrivals' consistency, providing high-quality seismic records for the subsequent interpretation of the shear wave well logging records. Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of collecting the Z component of the signal in the prior art. Figure 3 Shows a schematic diagram of the X component of a specific embodiment of a shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface analysis system in a specific example.

[0098] The present invention relates to a surface investigation method for longitudinal and shear waves, and is an excitation method that effectively solves the excitation energy of the first arrival waves of longitudinal and shear wave micro-logging in deep wells. It uses bell striking excitation and downhole three-component reception, and directly uses a shallow seismic recording instrument 7 and a bell striking device for rapid acquisition. The present invention uses a discarded oxygen tank 13 filled with fine sand to make the bell striking device, which increases the knocking output force and excitation energy by nearly 10 times. A sleeper 17 is made and its two ends and edges are wrapped and welded with steel plates. At the same time, serrated nails 18 (serrated surface) are embedded in the contact surface between the sleeper 17 and the ground 5, and the sleeper 17 is pressed by a truck 16, which not only ensures the maximum shear stress is generated during the impact, but also ensures the coupling between the sleeper 17 and the ground 5. The initial arrival signal is recorded by the wellhead geophone 6 to correct the initial arrival time shift generated by the bell striking, improving the wave consistency of the well logging records. For the targeted bell striking device, the function of "one source, two waves (longitudinal wave and shear wave)" is realized. Finally, RT data rotation is performed on the micro-logging records excited by the vibroseis, and finally high-quality micro-logging records are obtained. The present invention is suitable for the surface investigation of longitudinal and shear wave seismic exploration projects, solves the problems of weak shear wave excitation energy and investigation depth in well micro-logging that have long troubled, and can be quickly designed and installed on the seismic team with local materials without the need to purchase new accessories. It has strong operability and applicability, realizes the simultaneous acquisition of shear wave and longitudinal wave records, has a high signal-to-noise ratio and high clarity of the first arrival wave in the micro-logging records, and the picked first arrival position is accurate and reliable, providing an effective method for the subsequent surface investigation of longitudinal and shear waves, and having good application prospects.

[0099] Based on the same principle, this embodiment also discloses a shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface analysis method. As Figure 4 shown, the method includes:

[0100] S100: While the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source are formed by the impact of the shear wave bell striking micro-logging surface analysis device, control the downhole three-component geophone to collect the acquisition signals formed after the signals emitted by the longitudinal wave source and the shear wave source pass through the formation.

[0101] S200: Perform time shift correction on the acquisition signals.

[0102] S300: Perform rotational calculations on the corrected acquired signal to obtain R and T components.

[0103] In a preferred embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the specific steps for S300 to perform rotational calculations on the corrected acquired signal to obtain R and T components are as follows:

[0104] S310: Perform RT rotation on the X and Y components of the shear wave signal of the acquired signal to obtain the angle corresponding to the maximum root mean square amplitude.

[0105] S320: Perform rotational calculations on the X and Y components according to the angle to obtain R and T components.

[0106] Since the principle of this method for solving problems is similar to the above-mentioned device and system, the implementation of this method can refer to the implementation of the device and system, which will not be elaborated here.

[0107] The system, device, module, or unit illustrated in the above embodiments can be specifically implemented by a computer chip or entity, or by a product with certain functions. A typical implementation device is a computer device. Specifically, the computer device can be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular phone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or any combination of these devices.

[0108] In a typical example, the computer device specifically includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the method described above.

[0109] Next, refer to Figure 6 , which shows a schematic structural diagram of a computer device 600 suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present application.

[0110] As Figure 6 shown, the computer device 600 includes a central processing unit (CPU) 601, which can execute various appropriate tasks and processes according to the program stored in the read-only memory (ROM) 602 or the program loaded from the storage section 608 into the random access memory (RAM) 603. In the RAM 603, various programs and data required for the operation of the system 600 are also stored. The CPU 601, ROM 602, and RAM 603 are connected to each other through a bus 604. The input / output (I / O) interface 605 is also connected to the bus 604.

[0111] The following components are connected to the I / O interface 605: an input section 606 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output section 607 including, for example, a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc. and a speaker, etc.; a storage section 608 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 609 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, etc. The communication section 609 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive 610 is also connected to the I / O interface 605 as required. A removable medium 611 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, etc. is mounted on the drive 610 as required so that a computer program read therefrom is installed in the storage section 608 as required.

[0112] Specifically, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, an embodiment of the present invention includes a computer program product that includes a computer program tangibly embodied on a machine-readable medium, the computer program including program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such an embodiment, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication section 609, and / or installed from the removable medium 611.

[0113] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media implemented by any method or technology for storage of information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory computer-readable media such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0114] For convenience of description, the above-described apparatus is described by functionally dividing it into various units. Of course, when implementing the present application, the functions of the respective units can be implemented in one or more software and / or hardware.

[0115] The present invention is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processors of general purpose computers, special purpose computers, embedded processors, or other programmable data processing devices to produce a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processors of the computer or other programmable data processing devices produce means for implementing the functions specified in one flow Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one block or multiple blocks.

[0116] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufacture including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one flow Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one block or multiple blocks.

[0117] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operation steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one flow Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 or means for implementing the functions specified in one block or multiple blocks.

[0118] It should also be noted that the term "comprising", "including" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device including the said element.

[0119] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0120] This application can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions executed by a computer, such as program modules. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This application can also be practiced in a distributed computing environment where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected through a communication network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in local and remote computer storage media including storage devices.

[0121] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts among the embodiments, reference can be made to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and reference can be made to the corresponding parts of the method embodiments for the relevant content.

[0122] The above are only embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A shear wave bell-striking micro-log surface analysis device, characterized in that It includes a bell - striking device, an impact - excitation device, and a support device; Among them, the support device is used to hang the bell - striking device and fix the impact - excitation device. The bell - striking device impacts the impact - excitation device from an inclined direction under an external force to generate a longitudinal - wave source and a transverse - wave source; Among them, the bell - striking device includes an oxygen tank filled with fine sand; the bell - striking device further includes ear hooks provided at both ends of the oxygen tank for hanging the oxygen tank and a T - shaped handle for applying a force to the oxygen tank. Using an oxygen tank filled with fine sand to make the bell - striking device can improve the striking force and excitation energy; Among them, the impact - excitation device includes a sleeper and serrated nails fixed on the ground; A steel plate is welded on the surface of the sleeper that impacts the bell - striking device. The serrated nails are embedded in the sleeper and the support device is placed above the sleeper to fix the sleeper on the ground. Among them, a truck is used to press the sleeper to ensure the coupling of the sleeper with the ground.

2. A shear wave impact bell striking micro-log surface analysis system, characterized in that, It includes a transverse - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface - layer analysis device as described in claim 1, downhole three - component geophones, and a seismic recording instrument; The seismic recording instrument is used to control the downhole three - component geophones to collect the acquisition signals formed after the longitudinal - wave source and the transverse - wave source emitted by the transverse - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface - layer analysis device pass through the formation while the longitudinal - wave source and the transverse - wave source are formed by the impact of the transverse - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface - layer analysis device, perform time - shift correction on the acquisition signals, and perform rotation calculation on the corrected acquisition signals to obtain R and T components.

3. The shear wave bell striking micro-log surface analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seismic recording instrument is used to receive the short - circuit signals generated when the transverse - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface - layer analysis device impacts to form the longitudinal - wave source and the transverse - wave source, and control the three - component geophones to collect the acquisition signals.

4. The shear wave bell-striking micro-log surface analysis system according to claim 2, wherein The seismic recording instrument includes a seismic recorder, a first transverse - wave trigger line, and a second transverse - wave trigger line; The first ends of the first transverse - wave trigger line and the second transverse - wave trigger line are electrically connected to the seismic recorder, and the second ends of the first transverse - wave trigger line and the second transverse - wave trigger line are respectively connected to the bell - striking device and the impact - excitation device; The positions where the first transverse - wave trigger line is connected to the bell - striking device and the second transverse - wave trigger line is connected to the impact - excitation device are the positions where the bell - striking device and the impact - excitation device impact.

5. The shear wave bell striking micro-log surface layer analysis system according to claim 2, wherein It further includes a geophone provided at the micro - logging wellhead; The geophone is used to pick up the first - arrival signals formed after the signals emitted by the longitudinal - wave source and the transverse - wave source pass through the formation, and the seismic recording instrument is used to perform time - shift correction on the acquisition signals according to the first - arrival signals.

6. The shear wave bell striking micro-log surface layer analysis system according to claim 2, characterized in that The seismic recording instrument is used to perform RT rotation on the X and Y components of the transverse - wave signals of the acquisition signals to obtain the angle corresponding to the maximum root - mean - square amplitude, and perform rotation calculation on the X and Y components according to the angle to obtain R and T components.

7. A method for analyzing the surface layer of a cross-wave bell-striking micro-logging, characterized in that, It includes: Controlling the downhole three - component geophones to collect the acquisition signals formed after the longitudinal - wave source and the transverse - wave source emitted by the transverse - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface - layer analysis device pass through the formation while the longitudinal - wave source and the transverse - wave source are formed by the impact of the transverse - wave bell - striking micro - logging surface - layer analysis device; Performing time - shift correction on the acquisition signals; Performing rotational calculations on the corrected acquired signal to obtain R and T components; Among them, the shear wave bell - striking micro - logging surface analysis device includes a bell - striking device, an impact excitation device, and a support device. The support device is used to suspend the bell - striking device and fix the impact excitation device. The bell - striking device impacts the impact excitation device from an inclined direction under an external force to generate a longitudinal wave source and a shear wave source. The bell - striking device includes an oxygen tank filled with fine sand. The bell - striking device further includes ear hooks provided at both ends of the oxygen tank for suspending the oxygen tank and a T - shaped handle for applying a force to the oxygen tank. Using an oxygen tank filled with fine sand to make the bell - striking device can improve the knocking output and excitation energy; Among them, the impact excitation device includes a sleeper and serrated nails fixed on the ground; A steel plate is welded to the surface of the sleeper that collides with the bell - striking device. The serrated nails are embedded in the sleeper and the support device is placed above the sleeper to fix the sleeper on the ground. Specifically, a truck is used to press the sleeper to ensure the coupling between the sleeper and the ground.

8. The shear wave impact bell striking micro-log surface layer analysis method according to claim 7, characterized in that The performing rotational calculations on the corrected acquired signal to obtain R and T components specifically includes: Performing RT rotation on the X and Y components of the shear wave signal of the acquired signal to obtain the angle corresponding to the maximum root - mean - square amplitude; Performing rotational calculations on the X and Y components according to the angle to obtain R and T components.

9. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method according to any one of claims 7 and 8; 10. A computer - readable medium, having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the method according to any one of claims 7 and 8.

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