Display element and terminal having the same

Abstract

The application discloses a display element, comprising a display function layer and a light control element, the display function layer comprises a first area for light transmission and a second area for setting a driving circuit, the light control element is arranged on one side of the display function layer, and the light control element is used for transmitting light rays through the first area and blocking light rays through the second area. By adopting the scheme of the embodiment of the application, the light control element can be used for transmitting light rays through the first area of the display function layer and blocking light rays through the second area of the display function layer. In this way, the light control element can block light rays through the second area, so that the occurrence of diffraction caused by light rays passing through the second area (i.e. the area where the driving circuit is located) of the display function layer can be reduced. In addition, the application further discloses a terminal with the display element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of display technology, and more particularly to a display element and a terminal having the display element. Background Technology

[0002] To increase the screen-to-body ratio of devices such as smartphones, smartwatches, and tablets, designs have emerged that place photosensitive modules (such as cameras or fingerprint recognition modules) within the effective display area of ​​the device's screen. However, in this approach, light passing through the display screen is easily affected by interference from internal components, causing light diffraction, which in turn affects the image quality of the camera or the recognition accuracy of the fingerprint recognition module. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention discloses a display element and a terminal having the display element, which can improve the imaging quality of a camera or improve the recognition accuracy of a fingerprint recognition module.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention disclose a display element.

[0005] The display element includes

[0006] A display functional layer, the display functional layer including a first area for light transmission and a second area for setting drive circuitry; and

[0007] A light control element, which transmits light transmitted through the first region and blocks light transmitted through the second region.

[0008] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention disclose a terminal, the terminal including a photosensitive module and a display element as described in the first aspect above, wherein the photosensitive module is disposed on the side of the light control element away from the display functional layer.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0010] In the display element and terminal having the display element disclosed in this invention, a display functional layer is provided including a first region for light transmission and a second region for providing driving circuitry. A light control element is then disposed on one side of the display functional layer. This light control element can transmit light through the first region of the display functional layer and block light through the second region. In this way, the light control element can block light passing through the second region, thereby reducing diffraction caused by light passing through the second region of the display functional layer (i.e., the region where the driving circuitry is located).

[0011] Furthermore, when display elements are applied to a terminal, since the light control element can transmit light passing through the first area, when a photosensitive module (such as a camera or fingerprint recognition module) is placed in the effective area of ​​the terminal's display screen, the photosensitive module can recognize the light. At the same time, it can also block the diffracted light generated by the light passing through the driving circuit from being emitted to the photosensitive module, effectively ensuring the normal light sensing of the photosensitive module, and improving the imaging quality or the accuracy of light recognition of the photosensitive module. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating how a photosensitive module (taking a camera as an example) is placed in the effective display area of ​​a screen in related technologies;

[0014] Figure 2 Is adopted Figure 1 The grating diffraction effect pattern generated in this manner;

[0015] Figure 3 Is adopted Figure 1 The final image diagram formed by this method;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the display element disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 5 It is along Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the display function layer disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one configuration where the first functional component disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention is a birefringent material;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first functional component disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention when it is a three-dimensional nanostructure;

[0021] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating another configuration where the first functional component disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention is a birefringent material;

[0022] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a display element disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a structure in which the first functional component uses a birefringent material;

[0024] Figure 12 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display element disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 13 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display element disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 14 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display element disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the terminal structure disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] In this invention, the terms "upper," "lower," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are primarily for the purpose of better describing the invention and its embodiments, and are not intended to limit the indicated device, element, or component to having a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0030] Furthermore, some of the aforementioned terms, besides indicating direction or positional relationships, may also have other meanings. For example, the term "above" may, in certain circumstances, indicate a dependency or connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "installation," "setup," "equipped with," and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral structure; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or an internal connection between two devices, components, or parts. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, components, or parts (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, components, or parts. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0033] The inventors discovered through research that in a related technology, when a photosensitive module (such as a camera or fingerprint recognition module) is placed in the effective display area of ​​a screen, light entering from the screen is prone to diffraction as it passes through the screen. For example, as... Figure 1 As shown, taking the photosensitive module as an example of a camera, Figure 1 This shows that camera 1 is positioned within the effective display area of ​​display screen 2. Figure 1 In the image sensor, camera 1 is positioned below display screen 2, and electronic photosensitive chip 3 is positioned on the imaging side of camera 1 (e.g., ...). Figure 1 Below camera 1), incident light (e.g., natural light from the outside, such as...) Figure 1 (As shown by the dotted line in the image) light enters from the display screen 2 and enters the camera 1. Due to the metal traces 2a and pixel units 2b in the display screen 2 circuit, the camera 1 is easily affected by interference from the metal traces 2a and pixel units 2b, which can affect the image capture quality. For example, as shown by the dotted line in the image) Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 In diagram (a), the arrangement of the metal traces 2a and pixel units 2b in the circuit of display screen 2 is shown. Figure 2 (b) represents the multi-directional diffraction phenomenon caused by the metal traces 2a and pixel units 2b of the display screen 2 circuit to the camera 1, for example, Figure 2 (b) illustrates the diffraction of light rays L0 generated by multiple beams passing through display screen 2 and reaching camera 3. This diffraction can easily cause image blurring when the incident light passes through display screen 2 (e.g., ...). Figure 3 As shown), Figure 3 The image shown is captured by camera 1. The blurred areas are outlined in the image, demonstrating the presence of blurred edges in the image. Understandably, when this photosensitive module is used as a fingerprint recognition module, it is also prone to issues with low fingerprint recognition accuracy due to diffraction phenomena.

[0034] To address the issues of blurred camera images or low fingerprint recognition accuracy caused by the aforementioned diffraction phenomenon, in a first aspect, embodiments of this application disclose a display element. See also... Figures 4 to 6As shown, the display element 100 includes a display functional layer 10 and a light control element 20 disposed on one side of the display functional layer 10. The display functional layer 10 has a first region 101 for light transmission and a second region 102 located on the periphery of the first region 101. The second region 102 is used to house the drive circuit 11. The light control element 20 is used to transmit light passing through the first region 101 and block light passing through the second region 102.

[0035] It is understood that the light passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10 may include at least light incident from outside the display functional layer 10, such as natural light incident from outside the display functional layer 10. Of course, the light may also include light generated by the display functional layer 10, such as light emitted through the first region 101 of the display functional layer 10.

[0036] Compared with related technologies, in the display element 100 disclosed in this application embodiment, the light control element 20 transmits light through the first region 101 of the display functional layer 10 and blocks light through the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10. This reduces the occurrence of diffraction phenomena caused by light passing through the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10 (e.g., due to the obstruction of the drive circuit 11 when passing through the second region 102). Thus, while allowing the camera to receive light for normal imaging, it also reduces diffraction, minimizes image blur during camera capture, and improves the image clarity of the camera.

[0037] In some embodiments, the display element 100 may be a display panel, that is, the display panel may include the aforementioned display functional layer 10 and a light control element 20. The light control element 20 may be disposed on the side of the display functional layer 10 near the photosensitive module, thereby processing the light emitted through the display functional layer 10. In other words, when the display element 100 is a display panel, the light control element 20 may be integrated with the display functional layer 10, for example, by coating the light control element 20 onto the side of the display functional layer 10 near the photosensitive module.

[0038] In other embodiments, the display element 100 may also include the aforementioned light control element 20 and a display panel having the display functional layer 10. That is, the display panel includes the aforementioned display functional layer 10, while the light control element 20 may be separately disposed from the display panel and located on the side of the display functional layer 10 of the display panel near the photosensitive module. For example, the light control element 20 may be formed in the form of a sheet and attached to the side of the display functional layer 10 near the photosensitive module by an adhesive.

[0039] It is understood that the aforementioned display panel can be an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display panel. Of course, the aforementioned display panel can also be an LCD (liquid crystal display) panel, in which case the display panel may further include a liquid crystal layer.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments, the display functional layer 10 may further include multiple driving lines 11 and multiple pixel units 12, thus the first region 101 may be multiple, and each first region 101 may also be used to set one or more pixel units 12. The multiple driving lines 11 may be used to form the aforementioned second region 102, and each driving line 11 is used to receive control signals and drive each pixel unit 12 for display. Considering that light will generate multiple wavelets at different angles when passing through the display functional layer 10, and since the driving lines 11 are mostly metal wires, the diffraction of these wavelets generated in the second region 102 is more obvious. If these wavelets passing through the second region 102 enter the camera, it may cause image blurring during camera shooting, affecting image quality. Therefore, in this embodiment, by placing the light control element 20 on the side of the display functional layer 10 closer to the camera, the light control element 20 blocks the light coming through the second region 102, thereby preventing these wavelets diffracted through the second region 102 from entering the camera and improving the image clarity of the camera.

[0041] Furthermore, the display function layer 10 is mainly used to implement display functions. Its driving circuit 11 may include a scan driving circuit 110 and a data driving circuit 111. The pixel unit 12 may include several switching elements and pixel electrodes electrically connected to the switching elements. The scan driving circuit 110 can be used to drive the switching elements of the pixel unit 12 to turn on, thereby controlling the turning on of the pixel electrode. The data driving circuit 111 can control the voltage intensity of the pixel electrode via the switching elements, thereby effectively controlling the light emission intensity of the pixel unit. Specifically, to enable the data driving circuit 111 to control the voltage intensity through the pixel electrode, the pixel unit 12 may include a first switching element and a second switching element. The data driving circuit 111 can control the degree of opening of the second switching element via the first switching element using a data driving signal, thereby controlling the voltage intensity through the pixel electrode. For example, the higher the voltage of the data driving signal, the greater the degree of opening of the second switching element, and the greater the conduction current, thus the greater the light emission intensity of the pixel unit; conversely, the lower the voltage of the data driving signal, the smaller the conduction current, thus the smaller the light emission intensity of the pixel unit.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the display function layer 10 disclosed in an embodiment of this application is shown. As can be seen from the figure, the plurality of pixel units 12 can be arranged in a matrix, and similarly, the plurality of first regions 101 can also be arranged in a matrix, so that each first region 101 can be provided with one pixel unit 12. It is understood that multiple pixel units 12 can also be provided in one first region 101. This embodiment mainly uses the example of each first region 101 being provided with one pixel unit 12 for illustrative purposes.

[0043] In some embodiments, considering that the pixel unit 12 is disposed in the first region 101, the first region 101 is used for light transmission, while the pixel unit 12 is a non-transparent unit, light will also undergo diffraction due to the blocking effect of the pixel unit 12 when passing through the pixel unit 12. Therefore, the light control element 20 can also be used to block the light passing through the pixel unit 12. In this way, the light transmitted by the light control element 20 is the light transmitted through the position of the first region 101 where the pixel unit 12 is not disposed, while the light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the second region 102 is blocked by the light control element 20. This can prevent the wavelets diffracted by the pixel unit 12 and the second region 102 from entering the camera and improve the imaging clarity of the camera.

[0044] It is understandable that although the first region 101 is provided with pixel units 12, the first region 101 still has areas that can transmit light (e.g., Figure 6 (As shown in the blank area around the pixel unit 12 in the first region 101), light can be transmitted through the position where no pixel unit 12 is set in the first region 101.

[0045] In other words, the solution of this application embodiment uses the light control element 20 to transmit light through the position of the first region 101 where no pixel unit 12 is set, and at the same time uses the light control element 20 to block light through the pixel unit 12 and light through the second region 102. In this way, the diffraction phenomenon of light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the second region 102 can be reduced or even avoided, thereby effectively improving the imaging effect of the camera, while ensuring the light transmittance of light passing through the display screen to the camera as much as possible.

[0046] In some embodiments, the display element 100 further includes a first polarizing element 30, which is disposed on opposite sides of the light control element 20 in the display functional layer 10. Specifically, the first polarizing element 30 is disposed on the side of the driving circuit 11 opposite to the light control element 20. That is, from top to bottom, the display element 100 includes the first polarizing element 30, the display functional layer 10, and the light control element 20. In this embodiment, the driving circuit 11 and the pixel unit 12 are located on the same layer. The first polarizing element 30 can be used to transmit light parallel to its polarization direction and to block light perpendicular to its polarization direction. For example, taking external natural light incident on the display functional layer 10 as an example, the external natural light often includes multiple types of light. After passing through the first polarizing element 30, one type of light with the same polarization state (or polarization direction) as the first polarizing element 30 can be transmitted. For example, if the first polarizing element 30 is a first type of polarizing element, then the first polarizing element 30 can be used to transmit first type of polarized light. If the first polarizing element 30 is a second type of polarizing element, then the first polarizing element 30 can be used to transmit second type of polarized light. It can be understood that the second type of polarized light mentioned above is light whose polarization direction is different from that of the first type of polarized light. Both the first type of polarized light and the second type of polarized light can be circularly polarized light, linearly polarized light, or elliptically polarized light.

[0047] Furthermore, the projection of the first polarizing element 30 onto the display functional layer 10 covers the first region 101 and the second region 102. In this way, the first polarizing element 30 can transmit the first type of polarized light before it enters the display functional layer 10, so that the first type of polarized light transmitted by the first polarizing element 30 can enter the first region 101 and the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10.

[0048] In summary, when external natural light passes through the first polarization element 30, it will transmit light with the same polarization state (e.g., first-type polarized light). This first-type polarized light can pass through the display functional layer 10. For example, this first-type polarized light can pass through the first region 101, pixel unit 12, and second region 102 of the display functional layer 10. The light passing through the position of the first region 101 where the pixel unit 12 is not set can be transmitted to the light control element 20, while the light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the second region 102 will form sub-waves with different angles. Thus, these light rays can be blocked by the light control element 20.

[0049] The following explanation will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings regarding how the light control element 20 blocks light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the second region 102.

[0050] like Figure 5As shown, the light control element 20 may include a first functional element 21 and a second functional element 22. The first functional element 21 is located between the second functional element 22 and the display functional layer 10. That is, the first polarization element 30 and the second functional element 22 are located on both sides of the display functional layer 10. In other words, the display element 100 consists of the following components from top to bottom: the first polarization element 30, the display functional layer 10, the first functional element 21, and the second functional element 22.

[0051] Considering that the first functional element 21 is used to convert the polarization direction of light, the first functional element 21 can be a phase conversion element. Optionally, when the first functional element 21 is a phase conversion element, it can be a birefringent material (e.g., liquid crystal material) or a three-dimensional nanostructure, such as a metasurface (a supersurface with a three-dimensional nanostructure).

[0052] In some alternative embodiments, the first functional element 21 can be used to convert the light passing through the second region 102, and the second functional element 22 is used to transmit the light passing through the first region 101 and block the light passing through the second region 102 (the light has been converted by the first functional element 21).

[0053] like Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating one configuration of the first functional component 21 as a birefringent material in this embodiment. In an optional embodiment, when the first functional component 21 is a phase-conversion element made of birefringent material, the first functional component 21 can be positioned corresponding to the second region 102 along a direction perpendicular to the display plane of the display element 100, thereby covering the second region 102 and enabling the conversion of light passing through the second region 102. Taking the first polarization element 30 as an example for transmitting first-type polarized light, the first functional component 21 is used to convert light passing through the second region 102 into second-type polarized light. Thus, other regions where the first functional component 21 is not located, such as the first-type polarized light passing through the first region 101, can be transmitted to the second functional component 22.

[0054] Furthermore, considering that the first region 101 is also used to house the pixel unit 12, the first functional element 21 can also be used to convert the light passing through the pixel unit 12 into second-type polarized light. Thus, the first functional element 21 is disposed not only on the outer periphery of the second region 102 but also on the outer periphery of the pixel unit 12. In other words, the first functional element 21 is disposed in a direction perpendicular to the display plane of the display element 100, corresponding to both the second region 102 and the outer periphery of the pixel unit 12. Therefore, both the light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the light passing through the second region 102 can be converted into second-type polarized light by the first functional element 21.

[0055] In practical settings, the first functional component 21 can be coated onto the outer periphery of the second region to completely cover the driving circuitry. Similarly, the first functional component 21 can be coated onto the outer periphery of the pixel unit 12 (e.g., directly onto the outer edge of the pixel unit 12) to ensure that the first functional component 21 can completely cover the outer edge of the pixel unit 12, thereby preventing light passing through the edge of the pixel unit 12 from being directly transmitted through the position of the first region 101 where no pixel unit 12 is located.

[0056] Understandably, the first functional element 21 uses a phase conversion element made of birefringent material, which can perform phase conversion on the light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the light passing through the second region 102, so that the light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the light passing through the second region 102 are different from the light passing through the position of the first region 101 where no pixel unit 12 is set, so that the second functional element 22 can transmit and block these light rays respectively.

[0057] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first functional component 21 disclosed in this application when it is a nanostructure. In another optional embodiment, when the first functional component 21 adopts a three-dimensional nanostructure, such as a metasurface (a supersurface with a three-dimensional nanostructure), the first functional component 21 may include a first functional part 211 and a second functional part 212. The first functional part 211 may be disposed corresponding to the first region 101, and the second functional part 212 may be disposed corresponding to the second region 102. Thus, the first functional part 211 can be used to transmit light passing through the first region 101, and the second functional part 212 can be used to convert light passing through the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12. Specifically, corresponding to the position of the first region 101, the first functional part 211 may at least cover the first region 101, that is, the first functional part 211 may adopt a zero-phase nanoantenna. Corresponding to the outer periphery of the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12, the second functional unit 212 can at least cover the outer periphery of the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12. The second functional unit 212 can be set according to the phase to be converted. For example, the second functional unit 212 can adopt a V-shaped nano antenna with 1π / 4, or the second functional unit 212 can adopt an L-shaped nano antenna with 1π / 2, etc.

[0058] like Figure 8As shown in the figure, the first functional unit 211 with 0 phase is set at the position of the un-set pixel unit 12 in the first region 101, and the second functional unit 212 with 1π / 4 phase is set at the position of the pixel unit 12 in the second region 102. Of course, the arrangement shown in the figure is only for illustrative purposes and does not limit the scope of this embodiment. For example, the placement of the first functional unit 211 and the second functional unit 212 can be adjusted; for example, the first functional unit 211 can be tilted to the right, and the V-shaped opening of the second functional unit 212 can face to the left. Furthermore, the number of the first functional units 211 and the second functional units 212 can be set according to the size of the corresponding region. The figure is only an example and does not limit the actual number. It is understood that... Figure 8 The diagram only shows the general structure of the first functional part 211 and the second functional part 212 of the first functional component 21, and does not show the arrangement of their corresponding first region 101 and second region 102. For the arrangement of the first functional part 211 and the second functional part 212 corresponding to the first region 101 and the second region 102, please refer to the aforementioned related description.

[0059] In other alternative embodiments, the first functional element 21 can also be used to convert light passing through the first region 101, and the second functional element 22 is used to transmit the light converted by the first region 101 and block light passing through the second region 102. In this way, light from other regions where the first functional element 21 is not provided, such as light passing through the second region 102, can be transmitted to the second functional element 22 and blocked by the second functional element 22.

[0060] In an optional embodiment, the example is again described using a first polarizing element 30 for transmitting first-type polarized light, and a first functional element 21 that is a phase-conversion element made of birefringent material. In this configuration, the first functional element 21 can be configured corresponding to the first region 101, thereby enabling phase conversion of the light passing through the first region 101.

[0061] Please see Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram showing the first functional component disclosed in this embodiment being a birefringent material. Furthermore, considering that the first region 101 is also used to house pixel units 12, when setting the first functional component 21 corresponding to the first region 101, consideration should be given to avoiding the pixel units 12 within the first region 101. For example, during installation, the first functional component 21 can be coated inside the first region 101, but there should be a gap from the outer edge of the pixel unit 12 (e.g., ...). Figure 9As shown, the first functional element 21 does not cover the outer edge of the pixel unit 12, so light passing through the pixel unit 12 can be transmitted to the second functional element 22 through the uncoated portion of the first region 101. Similarly, light passing through the second region 102 can be transmitted to the second functional element 22. In this way, the light passing through the uncoated portion of the first region 101 is converted into second-type polarized light, whose polarization direction is different from that of the light passing through the second region 102 and the light passing through the outer edge of the pixel unit 12, which are first-type polarized light. Therefore, the second functional element 22 can transmit the light passing through the uncoated portion of the first region 101 while blocking the light passing through the second region 102 and the light passing through the outer edge of the pixel unit 12.

[0062] See you again Figure 8 In another optional embodiment, taking the first polarizing element 30 for transmitting first-type polarized light as an example, when the first functional element 21 adopts a three-dimensional nanostructure, such as a metasurface, the first functional unit 211 can be used to perform phase conversion on the light passing through the first region 101, converting it from first-type polarized light to second-type polarized light. The second functional unit 212 can be used to transmit the first-type polarized light passing through the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12. Specifically, corresponding to the position of the first region 101, the first functional unit 211 can at least cover the position of the first region 101 where the pixel unit 12 is not located. That is, the first functional unit 211 can adopt a V-shaped nanoantenna with 1π / 4, or an L-shaped nanoantenna with 1π / 2, etc. Corresponding to the region of the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12, the first functional unit 211 can at least cover the region where the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12 are located. The second functional unit 212 can adopt a nanoantenna with 0 phase.

[0063] like Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the first functional unit 211 with a 1π / 4 phase is arranged at the position of the un-deployed pixel unit 12 in the first region 101, and the second functional unit 212 with a 0 phase is arranged at the position of the pixel unit 12 in the second region 102. Of course, the arrangement shown in the figure is only for ease of explanation and understanding and does not limit the scope of this embodiment. For example, the placement of the first functional unit 211 and the second functional unit 212 can be adjusted; for example, the second functional unit 212 can be tilted to the right, and the V-shaped opening of the first functional unit 211 can face to the left, etc. Furthermore, the number of the first functional units 211 and the second functional units 212 can be set according to the size of the corresponding region. The figure is only an example and does not limit the actual number. It is understood that... Figure 8The diagram only shows the general structure of the first functional part 211 and the second functional part 212 of the first functional component 21, and does not show the arrangement of their corresponding first region 101 and second region 102. For the arrangement of the first functional part 211 and the second functional part 212 corresponding to the first region 101 and the second region 102, please refer to the aforementioned related description.

[0064] In some embodiments, the projection of the second functional element 22 onto the display functional layer 10 can cover the first region 101 and the second region 102, thereby allowing light passing through the first region 101 to be transmitted while blocking light passing through the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12. Specifically, the second functional element 22 can be a second polarizing element, which can be the same as or different from the first polarizing element 30. For example, the first polarizing element 30 and the second polarizing element can both be circular polarizers or linear polarizers. In this case, the first polarizing element and the second polarizing element can be used to transmit the same type of polarized light, for example, both can be used to transmit first-type polarized light, or both can be used to transmit second-type polarized light. Of course, in other embodiments, the first polarizing element 30 and the second polarizing element can also be different. For example, the first polarizing element 30 can be one of a linear polarizer or a circular polarizer, while the second polarizing element can be the other of a circular polarizer or a linear polarizer. In this case, the first polarizing element and the second polarizing element can be used to transmit different types of polarized light, for example, the first polarizing element can be used to transmit first-type polarized light, while the second polarizing element can be used to transmit second-type polarized light.

[0065] The following will explain how the first polarizing element 30, display functional layer 10, first functional component 21, and second functional component 22 transmit light through the first region 101 and block light through the second region 102 and pixel unit 12.

[0066] It is understood that the following description mainly takes the first functional component 21 as adopting a three-dimensional nanostructure, such as a metasurface (a super-surface with a three-dimensional nanostructure), as an example. That is, the first functional component 21 may include a first functional part 211 and a second functional part 212. The first functional part 211 may be set corresponding to the first region 101, and the second functional part 212 may be set corresponding to the second region 102.

[0067] In addition, the first polarization element 30, the display functional layer 10, the first functional component 21 and the second functional component 22 are arranged sequentially along the direction from the display screen to the photosensitive module.

[0068] In one alternative embodiment, such as Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of a display element 100 disclosed in an embodiment of this application. In this embodiment, the first polarizing element 30 and the second functional element 22 are polarizers used to transmit the same type of polarized light. For example, both the first polarizing element 30 and the second functional element 22 can be used to transmit either first-type polarized light or second-type polarized light. Specifically, natural light can include first-type polarized light and second-type polarized light, where the second-type polarized light is light with a polarization direction different from that of the first-type polarized light. The first polarizing element 30 is used to transmit first-type polarized light and can block the passage of second-type polarized light, thereby allowing only first-type polarized light to pass through the first polarizing element 30. The first-type polarized light passing through the first polarizing element 30 then passes through the first region 101 of the display functional layer 10 (e.g., ...). Figure 10 (As shown in the blank area defined between two adjacent second regions 102) and the second region 102 generate wavelets of different angles, wherein the light passing through the first region 101 is the first light ray, the light passing through the device (e.g., pixel unit 12), material or other component or refracted in the first region 101 is the second light ray, and the light passing through the second region 102 or reflected or refracted by the driving circuit is also the second light ray. Figure 10 (The light rays passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 are not shown in the diagram.) It can be understood that both the first and second light rays are wavelets with different angles formed after first-type polarized light passes through the first region 101 and the second region 102, respectively. Here, the first and second light rays are not limited to being a single beam; they can also be a collection of multiple beams propagating in multiple directions.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first functional part 211 of the first functional component 21 can directly transmit light and is disposed corresponding to the first region 101 (mainly referring to the position in the first region 101 where no pixel unit 12 is disposed); thus, the first light L10 passing through the first region 101 can be transmitted to the first functional part 211 in most or all of its path. Since the first functional part 211 can directly transmit light, the light passing through the first functional part 211 is still the first light L10, that is, the light passing through the first functional part 211 is still first type polarized light. The second functional part 212 of the first functional component 21 can convert the polarization direction of the light and is disposed corresponding to the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12; thus, the second light passing through the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12 can be transmitted to the second functional part 212 in most or all of its path. Therefore, the second light passing through the second functional part 212 is converted into a third light L30, that is, the third light L30 passing through the second functional part 212 is second type polarized light, which is different from the first type polarized light. Then, both the first ray L10 and the third ray L30 are transmitted to the second functional element 22 (i.e., the second polarization element). Since the polarization direction of the light that can pass through the second functional element 22 is the same as that of the first polarization element 30, that is, only the first type of polarized light can pass through, only the first ray L10 can pass through the second functional element 22. That is, most or all of the third ray L30 that passes through the second region 102 or is reflected or refracted by the driving circuit 11, or reflected or refracted by the pixel unit 12, is blocked by the second functional element 22, thereby greatly reducing the diffraction effect caused by the driving circuit 11 and the pixel unit 12. When the photosensitive module is a camera, it can effectively improve the imaging effect of the camera and ensure the light transmittance of light passing through the display screen to the camera as much as possible.

[0070] It is understandable that when the first functional component 21 uses a birefringent material, the first functional part 211 may not be provided at the position corresponding to the first region 101, and the second functional part 212 may only be provided in the second region 102 and the outer peripheral region of the corresponding pixel unit 12. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 11 As shown. At this time, in Figure 11 In the process of setting the first functional component 21, the first functional component 21 can be coated on the display functional layer 10, and then the first functional part 211 corresponding to the position of the first region 101 of the display functional layer 10 can be removed, leaving only the second functional part 212 corresponding to the second region 102 and the outer peripheral region of the pixel unit 12. Figure 11 In the diagram, the short, thick horizontal lines represent the second functional unit 212, which corresponds to the outer periphery of the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10 and the pixel unit 12. The blank area between two adjacent short, thick horizontal lines indicates the removal of the first functional unit 211; in other words, Figure 11The illustrated scheme is to set the first functional element 21 only in the outer periphery of the corresponding second region 102 and pixel unit 12.

[0071] In another alternative embodiment, such as Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display element 100 disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Figure 12 In this display layer 10, the first polarizing element 30 and the second functional element 22 are polarizers used to transmit light of different polarizations. For example, the first polarizing element 30 is used to transmit first-type polarized light, while the second functional element 22 is used to transmit second-type polarized light. Specifically, natural light can include first-type polarized light and second-type polarized light, where the second-type polarized light is light whose polarization direction is different from that of the first-type polarized light. The first polarizing element 30 is used to transmit first-type polarized light and can block the passage of second-type polarized light, so that only first-type polarized light passes through the first polarizing element 30. After passing through the first polarizing element 30, the first-type polarized light generates wavelets of different angles after passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10. The light transmitted through the first region 101 is the first light, and the light that passes through the device (e.g., pixel unit 12), material, or other component or is refracted in the first region 101 is the second light. The light transmitted through the second region 102 or reflected or refracted by the driving circuit 11 is also the second light. Figure 12 (The light rays passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 are not shown in the diagram.) It can be understood that both the first and second light rays are wavelets with different angles formed after first-type polarized light passes through the first region 101 and the second region 102, respectively. Here, the first and second light rays are not limited to being a single beam; they can also be a collection of multiple beams propagating in multiple directions.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first functional unit 211 of the first functional component 21 can convert the polarization direction of light and is configured corresponding to the first region 101 (mainly referring to the position where the first region 101 does not have pixel unit 12). Therefore, the first light rays passing through the first region 101 can have their polarization direction converted by the first functional unit 211, causing the light rays passing through the first functional unit 211 to be converted from first light rays to third light rays L30, that is, the light rays passing through the first functional unit 211 become second-type polarized light after polarization direction conversion. The second functional unit 212 of the first functional component 21 can directly transmit light and is configured corresponding to the second region 102 and pixel unit 12. Therefore, the second light rays L20 passing through the second region 102 and pixel unit 12 can be transmitted to the second functional unit 212, and the light rays passing through the second functional unit 212 are still second light rays L20, that is, the light rays passing through the second functional unit 212 are first-type polarized light, different from second-type polarized light. Then, both the third ray L30 and the second ray L20 are transmitted to the second functional element 22 (i.e., the second polarization element). Since the polarization direction of the light that can pass through the second functional element 22 is different from that of the first polarization element, that is, the second functional element 22 is used to transmit second type polarized light and can block the passage of first type polarized light, only the third ray L30 can pass through the second functional element 22. That is, most or all of the light that passes through the second region 102 or is reflected or refracted by the driving line 11, or is reflected or refracted by the pixel unit 12, is blocked by the second functional element 22, thereby greatly reducing the diffraction effect caused by the driving line 11 and the pixel unit 12. When the photosensitive module is a camera, it can effectively improve the imaging effect of the camera and ensure the light transmittance of light passing through the display screen to the camera as much as possible.

[0073] In another alternative embodiment, such as Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display element 100 disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Figure 13In this design, the first polarizing element 30 and the second functional element 22 are polarizers used to transmit light of different polarizations. Specifically, natural light can include first-type polarized light and second-type polarized light, where the second-type polarized light has a polarization direction different from that of the first-type polarized light. The first polarizing element 30 is used to transmit the second-type polarized light and can block the first-type polarized light from passing through, so that only the second-type polarized light passes through the first polarizing element 30. After passing through the first polarizing element 30, the second-type polarized light generates wavelets of different angles after passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10. The light transmitted through the first region 101 is the first light, and the light that passes through the device (e.g., pixel unit 12), material, or other component or is refracted in the first region 101 is the second light. The light transmitted through the second region 102 or reflected or refracted by the driving circuit 11 is also the second light. Figure 13 (The light rays passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 are not shown in the diagram.) It can be understood that both the first and second light rays are wavelets with different angles formed after second-type polarized light passes through the first region 101 and the second region 102, respectively. Here, the first and second light rays are not limited to being a single beam; they can also be a collection of multiple beams propagating in multiple directions.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first functional unit 211 of the first functional component 21 can convert the polarization direction of light and is configured corresponding to the first region 101 (mainly referring to the position where the first region 101 does not have pixel unit 12). Therefore, the first light rays passing through the first region 101 can undergo polarization direction conversion via the first functional unit 211, thereby converting the polarization direction of the first light rays into the third light ray L30. That is, the light rays passing through the first functional unit 211 are phase-converted to form first-type polarized light. The second functional unit 212 of the first functional component 21 can directly transmit light and is configured corresponding to the second region 102 and pixel unit 12. Therefore, the second light rays passing through the second region 102 and pixel unit 12 can propagate to the second functional unit 212 via most or all of its propagation. Since the second functional unit 212 can directly transmit light, the light rays passing through the second functional unit 212 are still the second light ray L20, that is, the light rays passing through the second functional unit 212 are second-type polarized light, different from the first-type polarized light. Then, both the third ray L30 and the second ray L20 propagate to the second functional element 22 (i.e., the second polarization element). Since the polarization direction of the light that can pass through the second functional element 22 is different from that of the first polarization element, that is, the second functional element 22 is used to transmit first type polarized light and can block the passage of second type polarized light, only the third ray L30 can pass through the second functional element 22. That is, most or all of the light that passes through the second region 102 or is reflected or refracted by the driving line 11 and the light that is reflected or refracted by the pixel unit 12 is blocked by the second functional element 22. That is, the second ray L20 is blocked by the second functional element 22, thereby greatly reducing the diffraction effect caused by the driving line 11 and the pixel unit 12. When the photosensitive module is a camera, it can effectively improve the imaging effect of the camera and ensure the light transmittance of light passing through the display screen to the camera as much as possible.

[0075] In one alternative embodiment, such as Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 This is another structural schematic diagram of the display element 100 disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Figure 14In this embodiment, the first polarizing element 30 and the second functional element 22 are polarizers used to transmit the same type of polarized light. Specifically, natural light may include first-type polarized light and second-type polarized light, where the second-type polarized light is light with a polarization direction different from that of the first-type polarized light. The first polarizing element 30 is used to transmit the second-type polarized light and can block the first-type polarized light from passing through, so that only the second-type polarized light passes through the first polarizing element 30. After passing through the first polarizing element 30, the second-type polarized light generates wavelets of different angles after passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 of the display functional layer 10. The light transmitted through the first region 101 is the first light, and the light that passes through the device (e.g., pixel unit 12), material, or other component or is refracted in the first region 101 is the second light. The light transmitted through the second region 102 or reflected or refracted by the driving circuit 11 is also the second light. Figure 14 (The light rays passing through the first region 101 and the second region 102 are not shown in the diagram.) It can be understood that both the first and second light rays are wavelets with different angles formed after second-type polarized light passes through the first region 101 and the second region 102, respectively. Here, the first and second light rays are not limited to being a single beam; they can also be a collection of multiple beams propagating in multiple directions.

[0076] In this embodiment, the first functional part 211 of the first functional component 21 can directly transmit light and the first functional part 211 is set corresponding to the first region 101 (mainly referring to the position where the first region 101 does not have a pixel unit 12); thus, the first light L10 passing through the first region 101 can mostly or completely propagate to the first functional part 211. Since the first functional part 211 can directly transmit light, the light passing through the first functional part 211 is still the first light L10, that is, the light passing through the first functional part 211 is still second type polarized light. The second functional unit 212 of the first functional unit 21 can convert the polarization angle of the light and is provided corresponding to the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12. Thus, the second light rays passing through the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12 can propagate to the second functional unit 212 in most or all of the way. Since the second functional unit 212 can convert the polarization direction of the light rays, the second light rays passing through the second functional unit 212 are converted into the third light rays L30. That is, the light rays converted by the second functional unit 212 are the first type of polarized light, which is different from the second type of polarized light. Then, both the first ray L10 and the third ray L30 propagate to the second functional element 22 (i.e., the second polarization element). Since the polarization direction of the light that can pass through the second functional element 22 is the same as that of the first polarization element, that is, the second functional element 22 is used to transmit first type polarized light, only the first ray L10 can pass through the second functional element 22. That is, the third ray L30 that passes through the second region 102 or is reflected or refracted by the driving circuit 11, and the third ray L30 that is reflected or refracted by the pixel unit 12 are mostly or completely blocked by the second functional element 22, thereby greatly reducing the diffraction effect caused by the driving circuit and the pixel unit 12. When the photosensitive module is a camera, it can effectively improve the imaging effect of the camera and ensure the light transmittance of light passing through the display screen to the camera as much as possible.

[0077] It is worth noting that the above Figure 10 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 14 The schematic diagrams of the first functional part 211 and the second functional part 212 of the first functional component 21 are only for the purpose of illustrating the positional arrangement of the first functional part 211 and the second functional part 212 corresponding to the first region 101 and the second region 102, respectively. They are also only for illustrating the functions that can be achieved, such as converting the phase of light or transmitting light, and do not limit the scope of this embodiment.

[0078] For example, in Figure 10In the diagram, the first functional unit 211 is indicated by three short vertical lines, which means that the first functional unit 211 can directly transmit light without changing the phase of the light. The second functional unit 212 is indicated by a short, thick horizontal line, which means that the second functional unit 212 can change the phase of the light instead of directly transmitting light.

[0079] Similarly, in Figure 12 In the first functional unit 211, the use of short, thick horizontal lines indicates that it can convert the phase of light rather than directly transmit light, while the use of three short vertical lines indicates that it can directly transmit light without converting the phase of light.

[0080] Similarly, in Figure 13 and Figure 14 In the middle, the situations of the first functional unit 211 and the second functional unit 212 are respectively different from those of the first functional unit 211 and the second functional unit 212. Figure 10 and Figure 12 The same applies here, so I will not repeat it further.

[0081] In other words, the above-described designations of the first functional unit 211 and the second functional unit 212 are merely for the purpose of illustrative purposes and understanding of this embodiment, and do not limit the scope of this embodiment. For example, the above-described designations may also be used. Figure 11 In one approach, short, thick horizontal lines represent the second functional unit 212's ability to convert the polarization direction of light rather than directly transmit it. Simultaneously, a blank area between two adjacent short, thick horizontal lines represents the first functional unit 211, indicating that it can directly transmit light without converting its polarization direction. Alternatively, conversely, short, thick horizontal lines represent the first functional unit 211's ability to convert the polarization direction of light rather than directly transmit it, while a blank area between two adjacent short, thick horizontal lines represents the second functional unit 212, indicating that it can directly transmit light without converting its polarization direction.

[0082] In addition, Figures 10 to 14 In this embodiment, the use of straight lines or arcs to represent the first type of polarized light and the second type of polarized light does not imply that they correspond to linearly polarized light or circularly polarized light. This is merely for ease of distinction and does not limit the range of the first type of polarized light and the second type of polarized light in this embodiment.

[0083] Therefore, it can be seen that the display element 100 of this application embodiment, through the setting of the light control element 20 (i.e. the first functional element 21 and the second functional element 22), can effectively block the light passing through the second region 102 and the pixel unit 12, thereby ensuring that the camera can receive light while reducing the occurrence of diffraction, which is beneficial to improving the imaging clarity of the camera when the photosensitive module is a camera and improving the image shooting quality.

[0084] Please see Figure 15 The second aspect of this application discloses a terminal 1000, which includes a photosensitive module (taking a camera 1001 as an example) and a display element 100 as described in the above embodiments. The camera 1001 can be disposed on the side of the light control element 20 away from the display functional layer 10, that is, the camera 1001 can be disposed facing the light control element 20. Of course, in other embodiments, the photosensitive module can also be a fingerprint recognition module.

[0085] It is understood that the terminal 1000 may include, but is not limited to, terminals such as mobile phones, tablets, and smartwatches. Taking a mobile phone as an example, the camera 1001 may be an under-display camera 1001, that is, a camera installed in the effective display area of ​​the mobile phone's display screen, thereby reducing the volume occupied by the camera 1001 on the mobile phone screen and increasing the screen-to-body ratio. In addition, by adopting the under-display camera 1001 design, through the setting of the display element 100 described in the above embodiments, the diffraction effect caused by the light generated by the driving circuit 11 and pixel unit 12 of the display element 100 can be reduced, thereby improving the imaging clarity and imaging quality of the camera 1001.

[0086] It is worth noting that, in addition to the display element 100 and camera 1001 mentioned above, the terminal 1000 also includes other essential structures or components, such as a housing, a glass cover plate disposed on the housing, a touch module disposed in the housing, a battery, an audio module, and other essential structures or components.

[0087] Furthermore, it is understood that since the camera 1001 only corresponds to a portion of the display element 100, to improve the diffraction effect caused by light passing through the pixel unit 12 and the driving circuit 11, it is generally sufficient to provide a light control element 20, or a light control element 20 and a first polarization element 30, in a portion of the display element 100 corresponding to the camera 1001. However, it is understood that in other modified embodiments, a light control element 20, or a light control element 20 and a first polarization element 30, may be provided in the entire area of ​​the display element 100. Additionally, when the display element 100 is a liquid crystal display panel, in some embodiments, the first polarization element 30 and the second functional element 22 may be shared with the polarization elements respectively provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the liquid crystal display panel to achieve the display function; only the first functional element 21 needs to be further provided.

[0088] The display element and terminal having the display element disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the display element and terminal having the display element of the present invention and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A display element characterized by comprising: The display element comprises a display function layer, the display function layer comprising a first region and a second region for setting a driving circuit; a light control element, the light control element being arranged on one side of the display function layer, the light control element being used for transmitting light rays through the first region and blocking light rays through the second region; a first polarization element, the first polarization element being arranged on two sides of the display function layer opposite to the light control element, the first polarization element being used for transmitting polarized light; the light control element comprises a first function part and a second function part, the first function part being located between the second function part and the display function layer, the first function part being used for polarization direction conversion of light rays, the second function part being used for blocking light rays converted by the first function part and transmitting polarized light through the first region.

2. The display element according to claim 1, wherein The display function layer further comprises a pixel unit arranged in the first region, and the light control element is further used for blocking light rays through the pixel unit.

3. The display element of claim 1, wherein A projection of the first polarization element on the display function layer covers the first region and the second region.

4. The display element of claim 1, wherein The first polarization element is used for transmitting first-type polarized light, the first function part is used for converting light rays through the second region into second-type polarized light, and the second function part is used for blocking the second-type polarized light and transmitting the first-type polarized light; wherein the polarization direction of the first-type polarized light is different from the polarization direction of the second-type polarized light.

5. The display element according to claim 4, wherein The first function part comprises a first function part corresponding to the second region, and the first function part is used for converting light rays through the second region into the second-type polarized light.

6. The display element according to claim 4, wherein The first function part comprises a first function part corresponding to the second region and a peripheral region of the pixel unit in a direction perpendicular to a display plane of the display element, and the first function part is used for converting light rays through the second region and the pixel unit into the second-type polarized light.

7. A display element as claimed in claim 5 or 6, characterised in that, The first function part further comprises a second function part corresponding to the first region, and the second function part is used for transmitting light rays through the first region.

8. The display element of claim 1, wherein, The first polarization element is used for transmitting first-type polarized light, the first function part is used for converting light rays through the first region into second-type polarized light, and the second function part is used for blocking the first-type polarized light and transmitting the second-type polarized light; wherein the polarization direction of the first-type polarized light is different from the polarization direction of the second-type polarized light.

9. The display element of claim 8, wherein, The first function part comprises a first function part corresponding to the first region, and the first function part is used for converting light rays through the first region into the second-type polarized light.

10. The display element of claim 9, wherein, The first function part further comprises a second function part corresponding to the second region, and the second function part is used for transmitting light rays through the second region.

11. A display element as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 or any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that, The first function part is a phase conversion element.

12. A display element as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 or any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that, The second function part is a second polarization element.

13. A display element as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6 or any one of claims 8 to 10, characterised in that, A projection of the second function part on the display function layer covers the first region and the second region.

14. A display element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The display element is a display panel.

15. A display element as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein The display element comprises the light control element and a display panel having the display function layer.

16. A terminal, characterized by The terminal comprises a light sensing module and the display element according to any one of claims 1-15, and the light sensing module is arranged on the side of the light control element away from the display function layer.

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