Three-stage friction damper

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of earthquake resistance and shock absorption in building construction, and specifically discloses a three-stage friction damper, which includes an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate and a friction member. The friction member is in a U shape and is bonded to the bottom of the upper pressure plate through an adhesive. Bolt holes are provided through the upper pressure plate and the friction member, and internal bolts are used for reinforcement connection. The lower pressure plate is provided with a three-step trapezoidal friction surface, and the connection of the steps is set as a chamfered corner. The upper pressure plate is vertically placed on the central friction surface of the lower pressure plate. The three-stage friction damper can work under minor earthquakes, moderate earthquakes and even major earthquakes. It has a large working range and a wide coverage, and can effectively prevent earthquakes from damaging buildings, and can provide relatively perfect earthquake resistance protection for all buildings.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of earthquake resistance and shock absorption in building construction, and particularly relates to a three-stage friction damper. Background Art

[0002] As a country prone to disasters, the earthquake resistance, wind resistance and other disaster prevention and mitigation designs of high-rise and super-high-rise buildings have always been important issues affecting the building safety performance. Since the new century, high-rise, super-high-rise and high-rise structures have entered a period of rapid development. Especially, the landmark buildings in cities have become symbols of urban economic strength. How to ensure the safety of these high-rise, super-high-rise and high-rise structures under earthquake action and the comfort and safety under strong wind action have become key issues that need to be urgently solved. Most of the current building energy dissipation dampers are single, and can only play a role in small earthquakes, medium earthquakes or large earthquakes, and cannot take into account the resistance effects in small earthquakes, medium earthquakes and even large earthquakes, and play a good role in protecting buildings.

[0003] The action range of the existing building energy dissipation dampers is relatively narrow. The purchased damper may have no effect in medium and large earthquakes, causing damage to the building; it is also possible that the damper has no effect in small and medium earthquakes and only plays the ability to prevent the earthquake from damaging the building in one of the specific small, medium and large earthquake stages. This invention well solves the problem of the narrow action range of the existing building energy dissipation dampers, can take into account the action ranges of small earthquakes, medium earthquakes and even large earthquakes, and better protects buildings from being damaged by earthquakes. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a three-stage friction damper, which is used to consume the energy of seismic waves during earthquakes, protect buildings, and prevent the risk of severe damage or even building collapse caused by earthquakes.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A three-stage friction damper includes an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate and a friction member. The friction member is in a U shape and is bonded to the bottom of the upper pressure plate through an adhesive. Bolt holes are penetrated through the upper pressure plate and the friction member, and internal bolts are used for reinforcement connection. The lower pressure plate is provided with a three-step trapezoidal friction surface, and the connection of the steps is set as a rounded corner shape. The upper pressure plate is vertically placed on the central friction surface of the lower pressure plate.

[0007] Preferably, embedded plates are fixedly connected to the top of the upper pressure plate and the bottom of the lower pressure plate, and the embedded plates are embedded in the cantilever wall.

[0008] Preferably, stiffening ribs are provided between the upper pressure plate and the embedded plate at the top.

[0009] Preferably, fixed iron plates are provided on both sides of the U-shaped friction member. Bolt holes are provided on the iron plates, the friction member, and the upper pressing plate, and built-in bolts are used for reinforcement connection.

[0010] Preferably, the friction member is ceramic fiber or non-asbestos aramid fiber.

[0011] Preferably, for the three-step stepped friction surface, the height difference between two adjacent steps is 1-2 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the materials of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate are Q235B or Q355B steel plates.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the friction member is 5-10 mm.

[0014] The three-step friction damper designed by the present invention is much superior to all the friction dampers currently in use. Most of the existing friction dampers are cylindrical, and the plate-type friction dampers can basically only provide a relatively constant frictional force, such as 10 KN. If a major earthquake occurs, the existing friction dampers will hardly work and cannot effectively prevent the earthquake from damaging the building. The three-step friction damper has three stages of enhanced earthquake energy dissipation capabilities. For example, the first-stage energy dissipation capacity is 5 KN, the second-stage is 20 KN, then the third-stage energy dissipation capacity will be 40 KN, or even 80 KN.

[0015] The three-step friction damper can work under minor earthquakes, moderate earthquakes, and even major earthquakes. It has a large working range and wide coverage, and can effectively prevent the earthquake from damaging the building, and can provide relatively perfect earthquake resistance protection capabilities for all buildings. Moreover, this three-step friction damper can also provide vertical earthquake energy dissipation capabilities, which is a capability that the existing shear-type friction dampers do not have. Most of the existing friction dampers are cylindrical or plate-type friction dampers, which can only provide damping force in the horizontal direction to prevent the earthquake from damaging the building. However, the three-step friction damper can compress the friction member due to the earthquake fluctuations and provide a certain vertical stiffness support capability to strengthen the firmness of the entire building frame structure. Therefore, the three-step friction damper is much superior to all the friction dampers currently in use. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 Front view of the three-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 Top view of the three-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 Enlarged view of the connection of the friction member of the three-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 Enlarged view of the lower pressing plate part of the three-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 Enlarged view of the transition at the friction surface of the lower pressure plate of the three-stage friction damper of the present invention;

[0021] Wherein: 1. Upper pressure plate; 2. Lower pressure plate; 21. First-order friction surface; 22. Second-order friction surface; 23. Third-order friction surface; 24. Chamfer; 3. Friction member; 4. Bolt; 5. Stiffening rib; 6. Embedded plate; 7. Cantilever wall; 71. Upper cantilever wall; 72. Lower cantilever wall; 8. Fixed iron plate.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] Embodiment 1

[0024] A three-stage friction damper includes an upper pressure plate, a lower pressure plate and a friction member. The friction member is in a U shape and is bonded to the bottom of the upper pressure plate through an adhesive, and fixed iron plates are arranged on both sides. Bolt holes are provided on the iron plates, the friction member and the upper pressure plate, and internal bolts are used for reinforcement connection. The lower pressure plate is provided with a three-step trapezoidal friction surface, and the height difference between adjacent two steps is 1-2 mm. The connection of the steps is set to be chamfered. The upper pressure plate is vertically placed on the central friction surface of the lower pressure plate. Embedded plates are fixedly connected to the top of the upper pressure plate and the bottom of the lower pressure plate, and the embedded plates are embedded in the cantilever wall. Additionally, a stiffening rib is arranged between the upper pressure plate and the top embedded plate.

[0025] The friction member is ceramic fiber or asbestos-free aramid fiber, and the thickness of the friction member is 5-10 mm. The height difference of the step surface can be adjusted according to the thickness of the friction member in actual application, and the thickness of the friction member is further determined according to the size and structure of the building.

[0026] The materials of the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate are Q235B or Q355B steel plates.

[0027] The damper is divided into two parts: an upper pressure plate and a lower pressure plate. The side surface of the upper pressure plate is vertically arranged on the top surface of the lower pressure plate. The embedded plate, the upper pressure plate and the lower pressure plate form an I-shaped structure, which is generally installed in the middle of a 400-mm-high cantilever wall. The upper pressure plate is a Q235B steel plate with a length of 1000 mm and a width of about 20 mm. The lower end is bonded with a friction member using a special glue. The friction member refers to a material with characteristics such as wear resistance, aging resistance and high airtightness. Commonly used ones include ceramic fiber, asbestos-free aramid fiber, polyacrylate rubber, polyurethane rubber and butyl rubber, etc. The specific glue is selected according to the material characteristics of the friction member and then purchased in the market. The thickness of the friction member is 5 mm, the height difference between adjacent two steps is 1 mm, and there are also screws and nuts to press and fix the steel plate to fix the friction member. There are several stiffening ribs on the side surface of the upper pressure plate to strengthen the stiffness of the upper pressure plate and ensure that the upper pressure plate will not bend and deform during the energy-consuming process of moving left and right.

[0028] The lower pressing plate is divided into two parts, the left and the right, each made of a Q235B steel plate with a length of 1000 mm and a width of about 70 mm. It is divided into three friction surfaces, namely the first-order friction surface of 10 mm, the second-order friction surface of 30 mm, and the third-order friction surface of 30 mm. Each friction surface gradually increases in height. The friction surface obtains an increasing frictional force by squeezing the friction part of the upper pressing plate. The greater the frictional force, the stronger the earthquake energy dissipation ability of the entire friction damper.

[0029] Installation process:

[0030] The frictional force f = μ×F

F: normal pressure (not necessarily equal to the gravity of the force-applying object), μ: dynamic friction coefficient (a numerical value, without unit)

[0031] Working principle:

[0032] When the upper pressing plate is on the first-order friction surface, when the friction part is compressed by 1 mm to generate a certain pre-pressure, a relatively small frictional force will be generated during left-right movement for energy dissipation; when the upper pressing plate is on the second-order friction surface, the friction part is compressed by 2 mm to generate a larger pre-pressure, and a greater frictional force will be generated during left-right movement for energy dissipation; when the upper pressing plate is on the third-order friction surface, the friction part is compressed by 3 mm to generate the maximum pre-pressure, and the maximum frictional force will be generated during left-right movement for energy dissipation, that is, the maximum ability to prevent the earthquake from damaging the building.

[0033] When there is no seismic wave, the upper and lower pressure plates are centered at the middle position, and the third-order friction damper does not work. The first-order friction surface squeezes 1 mm of the 5-mm-thick friction member on the side, and part of the friction member is close to the second-order friction surface, generating a small frictional resistance. When an earthquake comes, the upper and lower pressure plates start to move left and right out of alignment; when the earthquake is small, the upper pressure plate slowly moves towards the second-order friction surface, and the upper and lower pressure plates continuously squeeze the friction members. Part of the friction members on the side are compressed by 2 mm, and the frictional force starts to increase continuously. When the upper pressure plate moves completely to the second-order friction surface, all the friction members on the contact surfaces of the upper and lower pressure plates are compressed by 2 mm to generate a large pre-pressure, and the friction damper starts to output a constant frictional force to consume energy for a certain distance; as the earthquake gradually increases and the seismic displacement increases until the upper pressure plate touches the third-order friction surface, the gap between the upper and lower pressure plates becomes smaller and smaller, and part of the friction members on the side are compressed by 3 mm, and the frictional force becomes greater. A stronger squeeze on the friction members generates a greater frictional force to consume seismic energy, achieving the effect of preventing the earthquake from damaging the building. When all the friction members move to the third-order friction surface, the friction members between the upper and lower pressure plates are all compressed by 3 mm, and the frictional force becomes the largest, constantly outputting the maximum frictional force to consume seismic energy to achieve the effect of preventing the earthquake from damaging the building.

Claims

1. A three-stage friction damper, characterized in that, It includes an upper pressing plate, a lower pressing plate and a friction member. The friction member is U-shaped and bonded to the bottom of the upper pressing plate by an adhesive. Bolt holes are provided through the upper pressing plate and the friction member, and internal bolts are used for reinforcement connection. The lower pressing plate is provided with a three-step trapezoidal friction surface, and the connection of the steps is set as a rounded corner. The upper pressing plate is vertically placed on the central friction surface of the lower pressing plate. The friction member is ceramic fiber or non-asbestos aramid fiber. For the three-step trapezoidal friction surface, the height difference between two adjacent steps is 1-2 mm. The materials of the upper pressing plate and the lower pressing plate are Q235B or Q355B steel plates. The thickness of the friction member is 5-10 mm. Embedded plates are fixedly connected to the top of the upper pressing plate and the bottom of the lower pressing plate, and the embedded plates are embedded in the cantilever wall. Stiffening ribs are arranged between the upper pressing plate and the embedded plate at the top. Fixed iron plates are arranged on both sides of the U-shaped friction member. Bolt holes are provided in the iron plate, the friction member and the upper pressing plate, and internal bolts are used for reinforcement connection.

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