Fabricated composite cavity tunnel reinforcing structure and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type composite cavity tunnel reinforcing structure and method, and relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering. The structure comprises a reinforcing piece arranged along the inner wall of the tunnel segment, and the reinforcing piece is formed by combining a plurality of H-shaped splicing pieces in an inserted connection and butt joint mode. The splicing pieces are matched in an inserted mode through the mother flanges and the son flanges in the extending direction of the tunnel and are connected in a butt joint mode in the circumferential direction, and a glass fiber cloth reinforcing layer is arranged between splicing faces in advance. And high-performance concrete can be poured into a continuous grouting cavity formed inside. By means of the modular assembly type design, lightweight assembly of the reinforced structure is achieved, and the problems that in a traditional reinforcing technology, the structure is heavy, the connecting strength is low and construction is limited are effectively solved. The structural integrity is remarkably improved through the built-in and composite fixing mode of the glass fiber cloth, the pressure-bearing and anti-seismic performance is enhanced through grouting cavity filling, and the technical advantages of being convenient to construct, high in environmental adaptability and long-acting and durable are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to an assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure and method. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel engineering, structural reinforcement technology is a core means of ensuring long-term operational safety. Traditional reinforcement methods commonly suffer from bulky structures, limited material properties, and low construction efficiency. Steel plate reinforcement, for example, suffers from excessive weight, making transportation and installation difficult. Furthermore, steel is susceptible to corrosion in humid environments, and joints are prone to strength degradation. While fiber cloth reinforcement offers the advantage of lightweight construction, it suffers from weak compressive strength and poor fire resistance, making it difficult to meet complex load requirements. Existing composite cavity technology attempts to improve performance through material combinations, but its limited, one-piece structural design leads to insufficient cavity connection strength and poor field adaptability. Traditional cavities are particularly difficult to flexibly assemble in confined spaces or tunnel environments with obstacles, resulting in extended construction periods and increased costs. Furthermore, the fiber cloth application method used in existing technologies is susceptible to environmental corrosion, limiting the choice of cavity materials and making it difficult to achieve the dual requirements of lightweight construction and durability. A new type of prefabricated reinforcement structure is urgently needed to achieve the synergistic optimization of lightweight, high strength, rapid installation, and long-term protection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure and method.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure, comprising: Reinforcement members, fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel segment; The reinforcement is formed by splicing a plurality of H-shaped splicing pieces, wherein the splicing pieces are plugged in twos along the extension direction of the tunnel and butted in twos along the circumferential direction of the tunnel; Glass fiber cloth is provided between the splicing surfaces of the splicing pieces; The adjacent splicing pieces along the tunnel extension direction are fixed by a first fixing structure, and the adjacent splicing pieces along the tunnel circumferential direction are fixed by a second fixing structure; The splicing pieces form a grouting cavity after splicing, and the grouting cavity is used to fill concrete.

[0005] Optionally, the splicing piece includes a mother upper flange, a sub-upper flange, a mother lower flange, a sub-lower flange and a web; the mother lower flange and the sub-lower flange are close to the tunnel segment; The female upper flange and the female lower flange are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the web; The sub-upper flange and the sub-lower flange are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the web; The inner distance between the mother upper flange and the mother lower flange is greater than or equal to the outer distance between the child upper flange and the child lower flange, and the mother flanges and the child flanges are plugged in pairs along the extension direction of the tunnel.

[0006] Optionally, the glass fiber cloth is arranged between the flanges that are spliced together.

[0007] Optionally, the first fixing structure includes an anchor nut and an anchor screw; The anchor nut is fixed on the surface of the mother upper flange, and the anchor screw is screwed to the anchor nut and penetrates into the tunnel segment.

[0008] Optionally, a plurality of the anchor nuts and the anchor screws are provided along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and / or the extending direction of the tunnel; At least some of the anchor nuts and the anchor screw have different thread directions.

[0009] Optionally, the first fixing structure includes an epoxy resin structural adhesive layer; The epoxy resin structural adhesive layer is arranged between the flanges that are spliced together.

[0010] Optionally, along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, the splicing pieces are provided with butt joint plates, and adjacent splicing pieces are butt-jointed and fixed based on the butt joint plates.

[0011] Optionally, the second fixing structure includes a butt bolt; The butt-jointing bolts penetrate through two adjacent butt-jointing plates to fix the splicing pieces.

[0012] Optionally, the second fixing structure comprises solder.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a prefabricated composite cavity tunnel reinforcement method, which is used to assemble a prefabricated composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0014] The present invention has the following technical effects: The present invention realizes the combination of continuous plug-in and circumferential docking of the reinforcement structure along the extension direction of the tunnel through the modular assembly design of H-shaped splicing parts, which effectively reduces the deadweight of the components and the complexity of construction. The plug-in cooperation between the mother flange and the child flange ensures the tight fit between the splicing parts, and combined with the laminated reinforcement of the glass fiber cloth between the splicing surfaces, the shear and tensile properties of the connection nodes are significantly improved. The composite application of anchor bars and epoxy resin adhesive layers in the first fixed structure forms a bidirectional mechanical anchoring system, which enhances the coordinated force-bearing performance of the reinforcement structure and the tunnel segments. The combination of docking plates and bolts or welded connections strengthens the stability of the circumferential splicing. At the same time, a continuous force-bearing body is formed after the grouting cavity is poured with concrete, which greatly improves the overall stiffness and seismic resistance of the tunnel structure. This structure takes into account both lightweight and fast installation requirements and high load-bearing performance requirements, and is particularly suitable for efficient reinforcement operations in complex tunnel environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 An axial schematic diagram of a reinforcement structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a splicing piece provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A radial schematic diagram of a bolted reinforcement structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A radial schematic diagram of the epoxy resin connection type reinforcement structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A radial diagram of a bolted reinforcement structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention connected by butt bolts; Figure 6 A radial diagram of a bolted reinforcement structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention connected by welding; Figure 7 A radial diagram of an epoxy resin connection type reinforcement structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention connected by butt bolts; Figure 8 A radial diagram of an epoxy resin connection type reinforcement structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention connected by welding.

[0017] Reference numerals

[0018] 100. Reinforcement; 200. Tunnel segment; 101. Splicing piece; 102. Fiberglass cloth; 105. Grouting cavity; 1011. Mother upper flange; 1012. Sub-upper flange; 1013. Mother lower flange; 1014. Sub-lower flange; 1015. Web; 1016. Butt plate; 1031. Anchor nut; 1032. Anchor screw; 1033. Epoxy resin structural adhesive layer; 1041. Butt bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] See Figure 1-8 , an embodiment of the present invention provides an assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure, comprising: The reinforcement member 100 is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel segment 200; The reinforcement 100 is composed of a plurality of H-shaped splicing pieces 101, which are plugged in pairs along the tunnel extension direction and butted in pairs along the tunnel circumference direction. A glass fiber cloth 102 is provided between the splicing surfaces of the splicing piece 101; Adjacent splicing pieces 101 along the tunnel extension direction are fixed by a first fixing structure, and adjacent splicing pieces 101 along the tunnel circumferential direction are fixed by a second fixing structure; After being spliced, the splicing pieces 101 form a grouting cavity 105 , which is used to fill concrete.

[0021] Specifically, the reinforcement 100 is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel segment 200 and is composed of multiple H-shaped splicing pieces 101 assembled along the tunnel's extension and circumferential directions. The splicing pieces 101 adopt a symmetrical double-wing structure. When spliced along the tunnel's extension, adjacent splicing pieces 101 are nested together through a plug-in fit, forming a tight contact surface. A fiberglass cloth 102 is placed between the splicing surfaces. This cloth is laid flat across the contact area, leveraging the fiber's high tensile strength to enhance the shear resistance of the splicing joint. The end faces of adjacent splicing pieces 101 are butted flush along the circumferential direction, forming a closed annular structure. The multiple splicing pieces 101 are assembled to form a continuous grouting cavity 105 (correspondingly, the surface of the splicing pieces 101 is also provided with grouting holes and grouting outlets). This cavity runs the entire length of the reinforcement 100 and, after being poured with concrete, forms a composite load-bearing system with the aluminum alloy shell. The modular design of the splicing components 101 allows for standardized production. During construction, the splicing angle can be freely adjusted to the tunnel's curvature, and the plug-in assembly method significantly reduces on-site operational complexity. Glass fiber cloth 102, which can be 2mm-5mm thick and is embedded within the splicing interface, avoids the environmental susceptibility of traditional external fiber cloth. The grouting cavity 105 is filled with material (such as UHPC) to effectively enhance the overall stiffness of the reinforcement, ensuring long-term service under complex tunnel loading conditions. This implementation achieves lightweight and rapid assembly through structural innovation, significantly improving the efficiency and structural reliability of tunnel reinforcement projects.

[0022] In some embodiments, the splicing piece 101 includes a mother upper flange 1011, a sub-upper flange 1012, a mother lower flange 1013, a sub-lower flange 1014, and a web 1015; the mother lower flange 1012 and the sub-lower flange 1014 are close to the tunnel segment 200; The female upper flange 1011 and the female lower flange 1013 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the web 1015; The sub-upper flange 1012 and the sub-lower flange 1014 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the web 1015; The inner distance between the mother upper flange 1011 and the mother lower flange 1013 is greater than or equal to the outer distance between the child upper flange 1012 and the child lower flange 1014. The mother flanges and the child flanges are connected in pairs along the tunnel extension direction. The mother flange is a collective term for the mother upper flange 1011 and the mother lower flange 1013, and the child flange is a collective term for the child upper flange 1012 and the child lower flange 1014.

[0023] Specifically, the H-shaped splice 101 consists of a mother upper flange 1011, a child upper flange 1012, a mother lower flange 1013, a child lower flange 1014, and a web 1015. The mother upper flange 1011 and the mother lower flange 1013 are arranged parallel to each other and perpendicular to the plane of the web 1015. The child upper flange 1012 and the child lower flange 1014 are also parallel to each other and perpendicular to the web 1015, forming a symmetrical double-wing structure. The mother upper flange 1011, the child upper flange 1012, the mother lower flange 1013, the child lower flange 1014, and the web 1015 can be made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of approximately 5mm-10mm. The grouting cavity 105 is generally 30mm-80mm thick, and a single grouting cavity 105 is generally about 500mm long and 160mm-480mm wide.

[0024] The main lower flange 1013 and the sub-lower flange 1014 are positioned close to the mounting surface of the tunnel segment 200, ensuring a tight fit between the reinforcement 100 and the segment. The cavity formed between the main upper flange 1011 and the main lower flange 1013 is sized to fit the combined outer contour of the sub-upper flange 1012 and sub-lower flange 1014. When plugged in along the tunnel's extension, the sub-flange assembly fits precisely into the main flange cavity, achieving seamless nesting.

[0025] Web 1015 serves as the core component connecting the mother and child flanges. Its height matches the flange width, ensuring that the splice 101 forms a stable H-shaped cross-section after insertion. Fiberglass cloth 102 is pre-placed between the contact surfaces of the mother and child flanges, with its fibers extending along the tunnel axis. Its high tensile strength suppresses shear deformation at the splice joint. The plug-in design of the mother and child flanges ensures that splice 101 has standardized production characteristics. During construction, the longitudinal connection is completed by simply inserting the child flanges into the mother flange cavities of adjacent splices in sequence, significantly simplifying the assembly process.

[0026] This structure achieves self-positioning in splicing through precise geometric adaptation, avoiding the tedious operations of traditional bolt pre-tightening or welding adjustments. It is particularly suitable for the flexible assembly requirements of curved tunnel sections. The grouting cavity 105 is formed by a continuous flow of the internal cavity of the splicing component 101. After concrete is poured, it forms a composite force system with the aluminum alloy flange and web, effectively improving the overall bending stiffness and impact resistance of the reinforcement. Glass fiber cloth 102 is embedded in the splicing contact surface, which not only avoids the defect of exposed fiber cloth being susceptible to mechanical wear, but also improves the fatigue life of the node through interlayer reinforcement, meeting the durability requirements of the tunnel under long-term vibration loads.

[0027] In addition, the splicing piece 101 adopts a longitudinal plug-in design of the main flange and the sub-flange along the extension direction of the tunnel. During construction, operators can sequentially advance the assembly along the tunnel axis. The modular segmented installation method greatly reduces the requirements for construction space, especially in bends or obstructed areas, and continuous splicing can be completed without adjusting the component angle. The geometric adaptation of the main flange and the sub-flange realizes the self-positioning function of the plug-in. No additional calibration and alignment are required during the splicing process. Direct insertion forms a close contact surface, significantly improving assembly efficiency. This design breaks through the stringent construction precision requirements of traditional circumferential plug-in, allowing for standardized production of splicing pieces under different tunnel curvatures, effectively solving the problem of flexible assembly in complex linear tunnels.

[0028] In some embodiments, fiberglass cloth 102 is disposed between the flanges that are spliced to each other.

[0029] Specifically, the glass fiber cloth 102 fits tightly between the splicing contact surfaces of the mother upper flange 1011 and the child upper flange 1012, and between the mother lower flange 1013 and the child lower flange 1014. During construction, the glass fiber cloth 102 is pre-cut into strips of the same width as the flange contact surface and pasted on the inner surface of the mother flange. When the child flange is inserted into the cavity of the mother flange, the glass fiber cloth 102 is naturally clamped between the two layers of flanges. During the splicing process, the glass fiber cloth 102 is squeezed by the flange to generate a pre-tightening force, and the fiber direction extends along the axis of the tunnel. Its high tensile strength is used to suppress the interlayer dislocation of the splicing node under shear load. This design allows the glass fiber cloth 102 to be completely enclosed inside the aluminum alloy flange, isolating the glass fiber cloth 102 from damage caused by external humid environment and mechanical collision, effectively extending the service life of the material. The synergistic deformation of the glass fiber cloth 102 and the metal flange buffers vibration transmission from the tunnel structure and reduces stress concentration at joints. Furthermore, the internal glass fiber cloth 102 avoids the risk of edge peeling caused by exposed fiber cloth in traditional external attachment methods. After concrete is poured into the grouting cavity 105, the glass fiber cloth 102 forms a multi-interface reinforcement effect with the metal flange and filler material, further enhancing the fatigue resistance of the joints and the uniformity of the overall structural load. This is particularly effective in adapting to the dynamic loads and complex environments experienced during long-term tunnel operation.

[0030] In some embodiments, the first fixing structure includes an anchor nut 1031 and an anchor screw 1032; The anchor nut 1031 is fixed on the surface of the mother upper flange 1011 , and the anchor screw 1032 is screwed to the anchor nut 1031 and penetrates into the tunnel segment 200 .

[0031] Specifically, the anchor nuts 1031 are fixed to the surfaces of the mother upper flange 1011 and the mother lower flange 1013, and are spaced apart along the tunnel extension direction and / or the tunnel circumference. Their internal threads precisely match the external threads of the anchor screws 1032. During construction, holes are drilled at corresponding locations on the tunnel segments 200, and the anchor screws 1032 are inserted into the holes and rotated through the anchor nuts 1031, achieving mechanical locking through thread engagement. The anchor screws 1032 penetrate the mother flange and the tunnel segments 200, and the ends are preloaded by the anchor nuts 1031, ensuring a tight fit between the splice 101 and the segments. The anchor screws 1032 are treated with an anti-corrosion coating, and the arc transition design at the root of the threads reduces stress concentration, adapting to the long-term service requirements in the humid environment of the tunnel. During installation of the splice 101, the anchor screw 1032 insertion angle can be fine-tuned according to the curvature of the segments to ensure reliable fixation at different segment joint locations. After grouting cavity 105 is filled with concrete, the anchor bar system and the filling material form an integral load-bearing framework, synergistically resisting tunnel structural deformation. This approach is particularly suitable for reinforcing tunnels in soft soil or seismically active areas. This implementation balances construction convenience and structural durability through mechanical anchoring, providing a highly reliable solution for tunnel reinforcement under complex working conditions.

[0032] In some embodiments, a plurality of anchor nuts 1031 and anchor screws 1032 are provided along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and / or the extending direction of the tunnel; The thread directions of at least some of the anchor nut 1031 and the anchor screw 1032 are different.

[0033] Specifically, some anchor nuts 1031 and anchor screws 1032 are designed with different thread directions, which is achieved by alternating left-hand and right-hand thread combinations during the construction phase. During installation, operators select the anchor screw 1032 with the corresponding thread direction according to the preset scheme, and tighten it by rotating it clockwise and counterclockwise when screwing it into the anchor nut 1031. This design offsets the loosening tendencies of threads with different thread directions when the tunnel is subjected to vibration or cyclical loads. Left-handed threads tend to lock under clockwise vibration torque, while right-handed threads enhance the locking effect under counterclockwise torque, forming a dynamic self-balancing mechanism. The composite thread direction combination effectively disperses the concentrated impact of vibration energy on the engagement of threads in a single direction, reducing the risk of progressive loosening of the overall anchoring system due to unidirectional vibration. The staggered distribution of threads with different thread directions can also optimize the uniformity of force applied to the anchor group on the segment surface, avoiding cracking of the segment due to stress concentration in local areas. This implementation method improves the system's vibration resistance through differentiated design of thread rotation directions, while taking into account construction standardization and adaptability to dynamic environments, providing technical support for the reliable service of tunnel reinforcement structures under complex working conditions such as vehicle impact and seismic wave transmission.

[0034] In some embodiments, the first fixing structure includes an epoxy resin structural adhesive layer 1033; The epoxy resin structural adhesive layer 1033 is provided between the flanges that are spliced together.

[0035] The epoxy resin structural adhesive layer 1033 is evenly applied between the joint surfaces of the mother upper flange 1011 and the daughter upper flange 1012, and between the mother lower flange 1013 and the daughter lower flange 1014. During construction, the adhesive layer is first applied to the inner surface of the mother flange. The daughter flange is then precisely inserted into the cavity of the mother flange, and excess adhesive is squeezed out to form a dense bond. After curing, the adhesive layer forms a physical-chemical composite reinforcement system with the fiberglass cloth 102. The fiberglass cloth 102 provides tensile strength under shear loads, while the epoxy resin structural adhesive layer 1033 fills the microscopic gaps between the metal flanges and inhibits interfacial slip. This bonding method accommodates splicing angle deviations of varying tunnel curvatures. The adhesive layer exhibits fluidity before curing, allowing it to autonomously fill irregular gaps in the contact surface and ensure uniform force distribution in all directions. Compared to purely mechanical connections, the flexible nature of the epoxy resin structural adhesive layer 1033 buffers vibration energy transfer and reduces micro-wear on the metal flanges caused by rigid contact. When the splicing node undergoes slight deformation under long-term load, the adhesive layer compensates for stress redistribution through elastic deformation, avoiding stress concentration and local cracking. The glass fiber cloth 102 is embedded in the adhesive layer to form a three-dimensional reinforcement network. The fiber and resin synergistically inhibit crack propagation, significantly improving the fatigue life of the node. After the grouting cavity 105 is poured with concrete, the epoxy resin structural adhesive layer 1033 and the filling material are cured together to form an integral interface, enhancing the collaborative deformation ability of the metal-concrete composite structure. This embodiment achieves dual optimization of the strength and durability of the splicing node in a complex tunnel environment through the synergistic effect of chemical bonding and physical reinforcement, providing reliable guarantee for the long-term service of the reinforced structure.

[0036] In some embodiments, along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, the splicing pieces 101 are provided with butt joint plates 1016 , and adjacent splicing pieces 101 are butt-jointed and fixed based on the butt joint plates 1016 .

[0037] Specifically, butt joint plates 1016 are provided at both ends of the splicing piece 101 along the circumferential direction. The butt joint plates 1016 are welded vertically to the web 1015. The material of the butt joint plates 1016 can be aluminum alloy, and its planar dimensions are kept equal in width to the butt joint plates of the adjacent splicing piece 101. During construction, the end faces of the butt joint plates 1016 of the adjacent splicing pieces 101 are aligned and fitted together.

[0038] The surface of the docking plate 1016 can be machined with positioning bosses and grooves. During assembly, the bosses are embedded in the grooves to achieve self-positioning function, ensuring that the circumferential splicing angle accurately matches the curvature of the tunnel. When installing, the splicing parts 101 are arranged in sequence along the circumference of the tunnel. The flat contact method of the docking plate 1016 simplifies the assembly operation. Construction workers only need to align the plate surface to quickly complete the circumferential closure. The symmetrical arrangement of the docking plate 1016 balances the force on the circumferential connection nodes. The glass fiber cloth 102 and the epoxy resin adhesive layer 1033 work together to suppress shear deformation on the splicing surface and improve the circumferential integrity. This embodiment breaks through the traditional circumferential plug-in's reliance on construction accuracy through the combined design of flat docking and self-positioning structure, achieves efficient assembly and stable connection under complex tunnel lines, and provides reliable guarantee for the long-term service of the reinforced structure.

[0039] In some embodiments, the second fixing structure includes a docking bolt 1041; The butt bolts pass through two adjacent butt plates 1016 to fix the splicing piece 101 .

[0040] Docking bolts 1041 penetrate the reserved holes in the docking plates 1016 of two adjacent splicing components 101 and are secured using a double-nut locking system with washers. During construction, the end faces of the docking plates 1016 are aligned and adjusted so that the axes of the reserved holes coincide. Then, docking bolts 1041 are inserted, followed by spring washers and flat washers, and the nuts at both ends are tightened to the specified torque. Docking bolts 1041 are manufactured from high-strength alloy steel, galvanized to enhance corrosion resistance, and a circular arc transition design is used at the thread root to reduce stress concentration. The edges of the bolt holes are chamfered to prevent scratches on the threads during installation that could affect the application of preload. During installation of splicing component 101, the relative angle of the docking plates 1016 can be fine-tuned according to the curvature of the tunnel. The clearance between the docking bolts 1041 and the holes allows for a small range of deflection, ensuring a tight connection for segments with different curvatures. The bolt preload is precisely controlled using a torque wrench, generating uniform compressive stress on the contact surface of the docking plates 1016 and suppressing interfacial slip under circumferential loads. After the grouting cavity 105 is poured with concrete, the butt bolts 1041 and the filling material form a composite anchoring effect. While the bolt rod bears the shear load, the surrounding concrete provides lateral constraints to enhance shear resistance. This connection method breaks through the limitations of traditional welding processes on the construction environment. The detachable nature of the bolts facilitates later maintenance and replacement. The spring washers effectively compensate for the relaxation of the preload caused by vibration. The thread engagement and chemical filling work together to improve the dynamic stability of the connection node. The symmetrical arrangement of the butt bolts 1041 makes the circumferential stress distribution more uniform. Combined with the interlayer reinforcement effect of the glass fiber cloth 102, it significantly improves the fatigue resistance of the reinforced structure under complex alternating loads, providing technical support for the long-term safe operation of the tunnel.

[0041] In some embodiments, the second fixing structure includes solder.

[0042] Specifically, the end faces of the butt joint plates 1016 of the splicing component 101 are polished to create a tight fit. Arc welding is then performed continuously along the contact edges of the butt joint plates to form a filler metal. Before welding, stainless steel welding wire is pre-placed at the joints of the butt joint plates 1016, and argon shielded welding is used to ensure a dense, oxidation-free weld metal. The melted solder penetrates the interstitial spaces on the surface of the butt joint plates 1016, cools, and solidifies, forming a metallurgical bond layer and permanently connecting the adjacent splicing components 101. After welding, the weld seam is polished to eliminate surface irregularities and sprayed with an anti-rust coating to enhance the corrosion resistance of the joint. The butt joint plates 1016 provide ample space for welding, while the webs 1015 serve as heat dissipation channels, reducing the risk of thermal deformation during welding. The solder is evenly distributed along the circumference of the butt joint plates, forming a continuous circumferential load-bearing interface and effectively suppressing local buckling caused by circumferential stress concentration. After concrete is poured into the grouting cavity 105, the solder and filler material solidify together to form a rigid joint. The concrete provides lateral constraints on the weld area, enhancing the joint's resistance to shear and torsional forces. This connection method achieves high-strength integration between the components through metallurgical bonding, eliminating the potential for loosening due to gaps in bolted connections. It is particularly suitable for reinforcing tunnels subject to high vibration or large deformation. The adaptability of the welding process allows for adjustment of weld length and density based on the tunnel's curvature. The solder and epoxy resin adhesive layer 1033 form a rigid-flexible composite interface at the joint, balancing structural rigidity with vibration energy dissipation, providing reliable assurance for the long-term stability of tunnel reinforcement structures.

[0043] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a prefabricated composite cavity tunnel reinforcement method, which is used to assemble a prefabricated composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure such as any one of the above structural embodiments.

[0044] In the above structural embodiments, a variety of reinforcement structures are actually introduced. Several different reinforcement methods are also adaptively introduced below.

[0045] Example 1: The H-shaped 101 splicing piece 101 adopts a straight bolt connection reinforcement structure. During construction, multiple H-shaped splicing pieces 101 are prefabricated according to the 200-degree arc of the tunnel segment, and glass fiber cloth 102 is pre-pasted on the contact surface between the mother flange and the child flange. After cleaning the surface of the segment, the upper part of the mother flange is coated with an epoxy resin adhesive layer 1033 and adhered to the inner wall of the segment. The docking plates 1016 of adjacent splicing pieces 101 are connected by docking bolts 1041 to form a circular closure. The anchor screw 1032 is implanted into the segment through the pre-drilled hole of the mother flange, and the anchor nut 1031 is tightened to achieve mechanical fixation. UHPC slurry is poured into the grouting cavity 105 to form a composite reinforcement layer that cooperates with the aluminum alloy shell to bear force. This method is suitable for standard straight section tunnels, and the bolt connection provides the advantage of detachable maintenance.

[0046] Example 2: The H-shaped joint 101 utilizes an epoxy resin adhesive reinforcement structure. Before joining the parent and child flanges, a uniform layer of epoxy resin adhesive 1033 is applied to the contact surfaces. After insertion, air bubbles are expelled to form a dense adhesive layer. The butt joint 1016 is then butted together with adhesive applied to the end faces. This allows for circumferential fixation without bolts, relying on the adhesive layer's bonding strength to aid anchoring and reduce localized stress on the segments caused by mechanical preload. This method is suitable for construction in confined spaces, as the adhesive layer adaptively fills gaps and improves assembly precision in complex sections.

[0047] Example 3: The H-shaped joint 101 utilizes a welded composite connection reinforcement structure. After the mother flange and the child flange are plugged together, continuous arc welding is performed at the contact edge of the butt plate 1016 to form a solder filler metal, achieving a circumferentially rigid connection. The anchor bolts 1032 utilize a dual-thread design, alternating left-hand and right-hand screws to suppress systematic loosening caused by vibration. The welded joints and mechanical anchors form a hybrid force-bearing system suitable for tunnels in high-intensity seismic zones, where the rigid-flexible composite structure effectively dissipates seismic energy.

[0048] The method provided in the embodiment of the present invention has the same technical features as the above structure, and can therefore achieve the same technical effects, which will not be described in detail here.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure, characterized in that: include: A reinforcement member (100) is fixed to the inner wall of the tunnel segment (200); The reinforcement member (100) is formed by splicing a plurality of H-shaped splicing pieces (101), wherein the splicing pieces (101) are plugged in twos along the tunnel extension direction and butted in twos along the tunnel circumferential direction; Glass fiber cloth (102) is provided between the splicing surfaces of the splicing pieces (101); Adjacent splicing pieces (101) along the tunnel extension direction are fixed by a first fixing structure, and adjacent splicing pieces (101) along the tunnel circumferential direction are fixed by a second fixing structure; The splicing pieces (101) form a grouting cavity (105) after splicing, and the grouting cavity (105) is used to fill concrete.

2. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The splicing piece (101) comprises a mother upper flange (1011), a sub-upper flange (1012), a mother lower flange (1013), a sub-lower flange (1014), and a web (1015); the mother lower flange (1012) and the sub-lower flange (1014) are close to the tunnel segment (200); The female upper flange (1011) and the female lower flange (1013) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the web (1015); The sub-upper flange (1012) and the sub-lower flange (1014) are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the web (1015); The inner distance between the mother upper flange (1011) and the mother lower flange (1013) is greater than or equal to the outer distance between the sub-upper flange (1012) and the sub-lower flange (1014), and the mother flanges and the sub-flanges are plugged in pairs along the tunnel extension direction.

3. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The glass fiber cloth (102) is arranged between the mutually spliced flanges.

4. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first fixing structure comprises an anchor nut (1031) and an anchor screw (1032); The anchor bar nut (1031) is fixed to the surface of the mother upper flange (1011), and the anchor bar screw (1032) is screwed to the anchor bar nut (1031) and penetrates the tunnel segment (200).

5. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of anchor bar nuts (1031) and anchor bar screws (1032) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the tunnel and / or the extension direction of the tunnel; At least some of the anchor nut (1031) and the anchor screw (1032) have different thread directions.

6. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first fixing structure includes an epoxy resin structural adhesive layer (1033); The epoxy resin structural adhesive layer (1033) is arranged between the mutually spliced flanges.

7. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, the splicing pieces (101) are provided with butt joint plates (1016), and adjacent splicing pieces (101) are butt-jointed and fixed based on the butt joint plates (1016).

8. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second fixing structure comprises a butt bolt (1041); The butt-jointing bolts penetrate two adjacent butt-jointing plates (1016) to fix the splicing piece (101).

9. The assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second fixing structure includes solder.

10. A method for reinforcing an assembled composite cavity tunnel, characterized in that: The method is used to assemble an assembled composite cavity tunnel reinforcement structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

Images