A tunnel smoke exhaust device and a tunnel and a smoke exhaust valve structure installation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tunnel smoke exhaust device and a tunnel and a method for installing a smoke exhaust valve structure, comprising at least one smoke exhaust valve structure and a flue plate installed at the top of a tunnel body, wherein the flue plate is provided with at least one air hole, each smoke exhaust valve structure is installed in each air hole in the flue plate, and the upper surface height of each smoke exhaust valve structure is lower than or equal to the upper surface height of the flue plate. In the present invention, after smoke passes through the smoke exhaust valve structure and enters the smoke exhaust duct formed between the flue plate and the top of the inner wall of the tunnel body and circulates, since the upper surface height of each smoke exhaust valve structure is lower than or equal to the upper surface height of the flue plate, it will not form any obstruction to the circulation of smoke, thereby reducing the power performance requirements for the smoke exhaust fan, improving the circulation efficiency of the smoke and saving the power energy of the smoke exhaust fan, and solving the technical problems in the prior art that the smoke exhaust device fails due to insufficient power and causes serious harm to the tunnel structure and personnel evacuation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation and smoke exhaust, and in particular to a tunnel smoke exhaust device and a method for installing a tunnel and a smoke exhaust valve structure. Background Art

[0002] According to Article 12.3.2 of the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings GB50016-2014 (2018 Edition), for urban traffic tunnels with a length of more than 3,000 m and no conditions for adopting segmented longitudinal smoke exhaust, a focused smoke exhaust method should be adopted. Figure 1 As shown, this method is to set up a smoke exhaust duct on the top or side of the tunnel, and set up electric smoke exhaust valves at a certain distance (usually about 60m) on the smoke duct plate, and set up smoke exhaust fans at both ends of the smoke exhaust duct. In case of fire, the smoke exhaust fans and the electric smoke exhaust ports of the electric smoke exhaust valves near the fire source are opened to discharge smoke out of the tunnel, and the electric smoke exhaust ports of the electric smoke exhaust valves far away from the fire source remain in a closed state.

[0003] At present, in the field of tunnels, a set of exhaust valves are generally installed every 60 meters in the tunnel smoke exhaust duct. The exhaust valves are usually closed. When a fire occurs, several sets of exhaust valves near the fire point are opened. To ensure the stability of the exhaust valve installation, the electric exhaust valve support must be firmly installed on the concrete structure or embedded parts. The previous construction method is: Figure 1-2 As shown, a smoke exhaust duct 201 and a roadway plate 202 are provided in the tunnel body 200, air holes are reserved on the smoke duct plate 20, and a concrete boss base 30 is cast around the air holes. A steel plate is embedded on the surface of the boss base 30 for installing the smoke exhaust valve 10. Since the upper surface of the smoke exhaust valve structure 10 in the prior art is located above the upper surface of the smoke duct plate 20, and the entire valve body is nearly 600mm higher than the smoke duct plate 20, when the smoke exhaust duct 201 is exhausting smoke, the local resistance of the smoke exhaust valve 10 is large, resulting in low smoke exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust fan, and all smoke exhaust valves 10 are local resistance components that affect the smoke exhaust effect. For the tunnel body 200 with a long distance and a large diameter, since there are a large number of smoke exhaust valve structures 10 and the valve body is higher than the flue plate 20 by a certain height, when the smoke is discharged to either end of the smoke exhaust duct 201, it is like "jumping over multiple hurdles", which tests the power of the smoke exhaust fan and may cause the smoke exhaust device to fail due to insufficient power, thereby causing serious damage to the stability of the tunnel structure and the safety of personnel evacuation under fire conditions. Summary of the invention

[0004] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a tunnel smoke exhaust device, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the smoke exhaust device fails due to insufficient power, causing serious harm to the tunnel structure and personnel evacuation.

[0005] The solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: a tunnel smoke exhaust device, used for exhausting smoke when a fire occurs in a tunnel body, the tunnel smoke exhaust device includes at least one smoke exhaust valve structure and a flue plate installed on the top of the tunnel body, the flue plate is provided with at least one air hole, each of the smoke exhaust valve structures is installed in each air hole in the flue plate, and the upper surface height of each of the smoke exhaust valve structures is lower than or equal to the upper surface height of the flue plate.

[0006] Furthermore, the upper surface height of each of the smoke exhaust valve structures is equal to the upper surface height of the flue plate, that is, the upper surface height of each of the smoke exhaust valve structures is flush with the upper surface height of the flue plate.

[0007] Furthermore, there are multiple smoke exhaust valve structures.

[0008] Furthermore, smoke exhaust fans are provided at both ends of the flue plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust valve structure includes a precast concrete frame and a smoke exhaust valve body, the smoke exhaust valve body is installed in the concrete frame, and the precast concrete frame is installed at each air hole in the flue plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust valve structure also includes a base embedded steel plate, and the base embedded steel plate is clamped and fastened between the lower surface of the smoke exhaust valve body and the upper surface of the precast concrete frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust valve structure is an electric smoke exhaust valve.

[0012] Furthermore, a plurality of embedded bolts are installed on the edge of the embedded steel plate of the base, and a nut is connected to the end of each embedded bolt after passing through the flue plate, a gasket is provided between the nut and the upper surface of the flue plate, and a flue plate embedded steel plate is also sandwiched between the gasket and the upper surface of the flue plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing fireproof adhesive is sandwiched between the lower surface of the smoke exhaust valve body and the upper surface of the precast concrete frame, and the sealing fireproof adhesive is located at the air hole.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a tunnel smoke exhaust device, after the smoke passes through the smoke exhaust valve structure and enters the smoke exhaust duct formed between the smoke duct plate and the top of the inner wall of the tunnel body, and circulates, since the upper surface height of each of the smoke exhaust valve structures is lower than or equal to the upper surface height of the smoke duct plate, it will not form any obstacle to the circulation of the smoke, thereby reducing the power performance requirements for the smoke exhaust fan, improving the circulation efficiency of the smoke and saving the power energy of the smoke exhaust fan, and solving the technical problems in the prior art that the smoke exhaust device fails due to insufficient power and causes serious harm to the tunnel structure and personnel evacuation.

[0015] The present invention further provides a tunnel, comprising a tunnel body and a tunnel smoke exhaust device, wherein a smoke exhaust duct is formed between the top of the inner wall of the tunnel body and the smoke duct plate.

[0016] The present invention also provides a method for installing a smoke exhaust valve structure, wherein the smoke exhaust valve structure is installed in each air hole in the flue plate, and the upper surface height of the smoke exhaust valve structure is ensured to be lower than or equal to the upper surface height of the flue plate.

[0017] Furthermore, air holes and flue plate base mounting holes are reserved on the flue plate according to the size of the exhaust port of the exhaust valve structure, and the flue plate and the flue plate are embedded in advance. The embedded bolts on the prefabricated concrete frame and the flue plate base mounting holes are clearance-matched, and are fastened by gaskets and nuts to ensure that the concrete frame is firmly installed on the flue plate. This installation method can ensure that the overall structure is more stable.

[0018] Furthermore, a smoke exhaust valve base is provided at the bottom of the smoke exhaust valve structure, and a sealing fireproof rubber strip is provided at the joint between the smoke exhaust valve base and the flue plate.

[0019] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The specific implementation of the present invention is given in detail by the following embodiments and their accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the working principle and structure of a tunnel smoke exhaust device in a tunnel using a focused smoke exhaust method provided in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of a tunnel smoke exhaust device on a flue plate is provided;

[0023] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the installation structure of a tunnel smoke exhaust device in a tunnel provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a top view of a tunnel smoke exhaust device installed on a flue plate is provided;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4A schematic AA cross-sectional view of a tunnel smoke exhaust device installed on a flue plate is provided;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 An enlarged view of a tunnel smoke exhaust device installed at position B on the flue plate is provided;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A three-dimensional diagram of a casting frame of a smoke exhaust valve structure in a tunnel smoke exhaust device is provided;

[0028] Figure 8 A top view of the internal structure of a tunnel safety evacuation structure under a tunnel lane slab provided in Example 2 of the present invention (a state where a fire door is provided on the first partition);

[0029] Fig. 9 A top view of the internal structure of a tunnel safety evacuation structure under a tunnel lane slab provided in Example 2 of the present invention (in a state where there is no fire door on the first partition);

[0030] Fig.10 A left view of the internal structure of a tunnel safety evacuation structure under a tunnel lane slab provided in Example 2 of the present invention (with a fire door on the first partition).

[0031] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows:

[0032] 100. Tunnel smoke exhaust device; 10. Smoke exhaust valve structure; 11. Precast concrete frame; 12. Embedded bolts; 13. Nuts; 14. Gaskets; 15. Embedded steel plates for flue plates; 16. Sealing fireproof glue; 17. Embedded steel plates for base; 18. Smoke exhaust valve body; 20. Flue plate; 21. Air holes; 30. Boss base; 200. Tunnel body; 201. Smoke exhaust duct; 202. Lane plate; 203. Escape cover; 2031. Escape exit; 204. Slide room / stairwell; 205. Evacuation passage; 215. Rescue lane; 207. Cable channel; 206. Rescue vehicle; 208. Working shaft; 209. Air supply shaft; 210. Pressurized air supply fan; 211. Rescue vehicle entrance and exit; 212. Residual pressure valve; 213. Emergency exit; 214. Fire door; 216. First partition; 217. Second partition; 2101. Air supply duct. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following is combined with Figure 1-10The principles and features of the present invention are described, and the examples are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In the following paragraphs, the present invention is described in more detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may also be a component centered. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may also be a component centered. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items. Example 1

[0036] like Figure 1-7 As shown, the present invention provides a tunnel, which includes a tunnel body 200 and a tunnel smoke exhaust device 100, a smoke exhaust duct 201 is formed between the top of the inner wall of the tunnel body 200 and the flue plate 20, and the tunnel smoke exhaust device is used to exhaust smoke when a fire occurs in the tunnel body 200.

[0037] A lane plate 202 is provided at the bottom of the tunnel body 200, a plurality of escape cover plates 203 are provided on one side of the lane plate 202, a slide room / stairwell 204 is provided below the escape cover plate 203, an evacuation passage 205 is provided on one side of the slide room / stairwell 204, a rescue lane 215 is provided on the side of the evacuation passage 205, and a cable passage 207 is provided on the side of the rescue lane 215.

[0038] The tunnel smoke exhaust device 100 includes at least one smoke exhaust valve structure 10 and a flue plate 20 installed on the top of the tunnel body 200, and the flue plate 20 is provided with at least one air hole 21. Each of the smoke exhaust valve structures 10 is installed in each air hole 21 in the flue plate 20, and the upper surface height of each of the smoke exhaust valve structures 10 is equal to the upper surface height of the flue plate 20.

[0039] The above embodiment provides a tunnel smoke exhaust device 100. After the smoke passes through the smoke exhaust valve structure 10 and enters the smoke exhaust duct 201 formed between the smoke duct plate 20 and the top of the inner wall of the tunnel body 200, and circulates, since the upper surface height of each smoke exhaust valve structure 10 is equal to the upper surface height of the smoke duct plate 20, it will not cause any obstruction to the circulation of the smoke, thereby reducing the power performance requirements of the smoke exhaust fan, improving the circulation efficiency of the smoke and saving the power energy of the smoke exhaust fan, thereby solving the technical problems in the prior art that the smoke exhaust device fails due to insufficient power and causes serious harm to the tunnel structure and personnel evacuation.

[0040] Furthermore, the height of the upper surface of each of the exhaust valve structures 10 is equal to the height of the upper surface of the flue plate 20, so that when the smoke goes out from the exhaust port on the upper part of the exhaust valve structure 10, it is directly pushed outward along the exhaust duct 201 in sequence, and the air holes 21 of the flue plate 20 will not form an obstacle to it. After the exhaust valve is installed, it is level with the exhaust bottom plate, which will not cause sudden expansion and contraction of the airflow, and the local resistance can be greatly reduced.

[0041] Furthermore, there are multiple smoke exhaust valve structures 10 to facilitate comprehensive fire protection at various points in the tunnel 200.

[0042] Furthermore, smoke exhaust fans are provided at both ends of the flue plate 20 .

[0043] It can be understood that the flue plate 20 forms pipes at both ends thereof, and the smoke exhaust fans are located in each pipe.

[0044] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust valve structure 10 includes a precast concrete frame 11 and a smoke exhaust valve body 18 . The smoke exhaust valve body 18 is installed in the concrete frame 11 . The precast concrete frame 11 is installed at each air hole 21 in the flue plate 20 .

[0045] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust valve structure 10 further includes a base embedded steel plate 17 , and the base embedded steel plate 17 is clamped and fastened between the lower surface of the smoke exhaust valve body 18 and the upper surface of the precast concrete frame 11 .

[0046] By prefabricating the concrete frame 11 , the embedded bolts 12 and the base embedded steel plate 17 in one piece, the smoke exhaust valve body 18 can be securely mounted on the base embedded steel plate 17 .

[0047] Furthermore, the smoke exhaust valve structure 10 is an electric smoke exhaust valve, which is easy to control automatically and more convenient.

[0048] Furthermore, a plurality of embedded bolts 12 are installed on the edge of the embedded steel plate 17 of the base, and a nut 13 is connected to the end of each embedded bolt 12 after passing through the flue plate 20, a gasket 14 is provided between the nut 13 and the upper surface of the flue plate 20, and a flue plate embedded steel plate 15 is also sandwiched between the gasket 14 and the upper surface of the flue plate 20.

[0049] Furthermore, in order to further increase safety and stability, a sealing fireproof adhesive 16 is sandwiched between the lower surface of the smoke exhaust valve body 18 and the upper surface of the precast concrete frame 11 , and the sealing fireproof adhesive 16 is located at the air hole 21 .

[0050] The specific working principle and installation method of Example 1 are as follows: During the actual installation process of the present invention, the air hole 21 and the installation hole of the smoke exhaust valve base should be reserved in advance on the flue plate 20 according to the size of the smoke exhaust port, and the flue plate embedded steel plate 15 should be embedded. The embedded bolts 12 on the concrete frame 11 and the installation hole of the smoke exhaust valve base are clearance-matched, and are fastened by gaskets 14 and nuts 13, which can ensure that the precast concrete frame 11 is firmly installed on the flue plate 20. The precast concrete frame 11 and the flue plate 20 are provided with a sealing fireproof rubber strip 16 at the joint of the precast concrete frame 11 and the flue plate 20, which can ensure the excellent sealing performance of the base. By adopting the present invention, a groove structure can be formed with the flue plate 20. After the electric smoke exhaust valve is installed, the valve body surface is flush with the flue plate 20, and the airflow passes without obvious sudden expansion and contraction, and the local resistance can be greatly reduced. The main structure concrete frame 11 of the present invention can be completed offline in the factory, which can ensure the standardization of the size of the prefabricated unit. The present invention is also applicable to the installation of the smoke exhaust port in the arched flue plate 20. The smoke exhaust valve base is a prefabricated concrete frame 11.

[0051] Embodiment 1 provides a tunnel smoke exhaust device 100, which has the following advantages:

[0052] 1. The concrete frame 11 can be prefabricated in an integrated manner on the factory line, ensuring the standardization of the size of the prefabricated units and improving the efficiency of on-site construction;

[0053] 2. During the construction process, the smoke exhaust valve structure 10 can be installed in an open area on site and then lifted to the flue plate 20 for fastening. The base can form a groove structure with the flue plate 20, providing excellent installation conditions for the smoke exhaust valve structure 10;

[0054] 3. After the application of the present invention, it can ensure that there is no sudden expansion or contraction of the cross section at the installation of the smoke exhaust valve body 18, and the local resistance is greatly reduced, which is beneficial to improving the exhaust efficiency of the smoke exhaust fan while reducing the exhaust design air volume, which is beneficial to reducing the fan selection air volume and reducing the construction area of ​​the smoke exhaust duct, saving the initial investment in engineering equipment and construction;

[0055] 4. The present invention has the advantages of easy installation and simple structure. It does not need to destroy the civil engineering structure of the smoke exhaust duct, and can easily realize the transformation of the existing tunnel smoke exhaust system. It is also suitable for the design and construction of new tunnels.

[0056] Embodiment 1 provides an assembled low-resistance highway tunnel smoke exhaust structure and installation method, which solves the problem of large local resistance of the traditional installation method of the tunnel electric smoke exhaust port without destroying the civil engineering structure of the smoke exhaust duct, and has the advantages of being prefabricated in the factory, convenient installation, stable and reliable, economical and practical, etc. The main body of the smoke exhaust valve base structure in the present invention is a bottom-hanging concrete frame, which is installed on the flue bottom plate to form a groove for the installation of the smoke exhaust valve. After the smoke exhaust valve is installed, it is level with the smoke exhaust bottom plate, which will not cause sudden expansion and contraction of the airflow, and the local resistance can be greatly reduced. Example 2

[0057] like Figure 8-10 As shown, embodiment 2 provides a tunnel safety evacuation structure located under the tunnel lane slab, including an escape cover 203 installed on one side of the lane slab 202, the escape cover 203 is located at the lane evacuation opening on the side of the lane, the lane evacuation opening is connected to the slide room / stairwell 204 in the side space under the tunnel lane slab 202, the slide room / stairwell 204 is connected to the evacuation passage 205 under the lane slab through a fire door 214, and there is a fire door between the slide room / stairwell 204 and the evacuation passage 203 The residual pressure valve 212, the evacuation channel 205 is connected with the rescue lane 215 in the middle space under the lane plate 202 through the fire door 214, and the side of the rescue lane 215 is provided with a cable channel 207. Tunnel working shafts 208 are provided at both ends of the tunnel. The tunnel working shaft 208 is provided with an air supply shaft 209 connected to the outdoor atmosphere. A pressurized air supply fan 210 and an air supply pipe 2101 connected to the air supply shaft 209 are provided in the tunnel working shaft 208, and the pressurized air supply fan 210 directly acts on the evacuation channel 205. With the present invention, the evacuation passage 205 is separated and located between the slide room / stairwell 204 and the rescue lane 215. The cross-sectional area and volume of the evacuation passage are greatly reduced, and both ends of the evacuation passage are closed spaces. The pressurized air supply fan delivers fresh air to the evacuation passage, and there is no air leakage from the entrance and exit of the rescue vehicle, which ensures the effectiveness of the pressurized air supply. A residual pressure valve 212 is provided between the evacuation passage and the slide room / stairwell 204 to ensure that the evacuation passage 205 maintains a positive pressure state and ensures the safety of personnel evacuation. For tunnels that do not have a rescue lane function, the rescue lane 215 in the present invention can replace other functional spaces, and the fire doors between other functional spaces and the evacuation passage 205 are cancelled, and other settings remain unchanged.

[0058] The evacuation air supply structure is located under the tunnel lane slab 202. The evacuation structure includes an air supply device, an air supply pipe 2101, an evacuation channel 205 and a rescue lane 215. A first partition 216 is provided between the evacuation channel 205 and the rescue lane 215. The air supply device is connected to the evacuation channel 205 through the air supply pipe, so that the evacuation channel 205 is in a positive pressure state.

[0059] Furthermore, the first partition plate 216 is provided with at least one fire door 214 for personnel to pass through.

[0060] Furthermore, at least one end of the rescue lane 215 is provided with a safety exit 213 for the rescue vehicle to enter and exit.

[0061] Embodiment 2 also provides a tunnel evacuation air supply method, comprising the following steps: separating the evacuation channel in the prior art into an evacuation channel 205 and a rescue lane 215, and supplying air to the evacuation channel 205 through an air supply pipe 2101 by an air supply device, so that the evacuation channel 205 is in a positive pressure state.

[0062] Furthermore, a sealing structure is provided at the connection between the air supply pipe and the evacuation passage 205 .

[0063] Furthermore, a first partition 216 is provided between the evacuation passage 205 and the rescue lane 215 , and at least one fire door 214 is provided on the first partition 216 for personnel to pass through.

[0064] Furthermore, there are multiple fire doors 214.

[0065] Embodiment 2 provides a tunnel evacuation air supply method, which has the following advantages:

[0066] 1. Without changing the evacuation structure of the prior art, by dividing the larger evacuation passage in the prior art into smaller evacuation passages 205 and rescue lanes 215, the evacuation passage 205 has a smaller cross-section and a smaller volume, resulting in a more effective calculated value of the pressurized air supply volume than the prior art, and lower requirements on the power performance of the pressurized air blower 210, and there will be no problems of insufficient installation space for ventilation equipment and difficulty in selecting fans;

[0067] 2. Since the air supply pipe 2101 is inserted into one side of the evacuation passage 205, the side wall of the evacuation passage 205 and the air supply pipe 2101 are well sealed and no leakage will occur;

[0068] 3. The evacuation passage 205 has fewer air leakage points, and it is easier to maintain positive pressure in the evacuation passage 205 as a whole, which is safe and reliable for personnel evacuation.

[0069] Embodiment 2 also provides a method for evacuating personnel, comprising the following steps: when a dangerous situation occurs, the evacuation passage in the prior art is divided into an evacuation passage 205 and a rescue lane 215, and the air supply device supplies air to the evacuation passage 205 through the air supply pipe, so that the evacuation passage 205 is in a positive pressure state; the escape cover 203 is opened, and after the personnel drill into the escape opening 2031, they enter the evacuation passage 205 along the slide room or stairwell through the fire door 214 on the second partition 217, and the personnel can walk along the evacuation passage to at least one end of the tunnel body 200 for evacuation.

[0070] Furthermore, a first partition 216 is provided between the evacuation passage 205 and the rescue lane 215, and at least one fire door 214 is provided on the first partition 216 for personnel to pass through. Personnel can pass through the fire door 214 to enter the rescue lane 215 and wait for the rescue vehicle to transport the escapees to at least one end of the tunnel body 200 for evacuation.

[0071] Furthermore, a working shaft 208 and a ventilation shaft 209 are respectively provided at both ends of the tunnel body 200 , and each of the working shafts 208 is provided with an entrance and exit 211 for a rescue vehicle.

[0072] The specific working principle and use method of Example 2 are as follows: In this Example 2, the evacuation passage is separated and located between the slide room / stairwell and the rescue lane. The evacuation passage is provided with a fire door between the slide room / stairwell and the rescue lane. When a fire occurs, personnel enter the slide room / stairwell from the lane evacuation port, and then enter the evacuation passage through the fire door. Personnel can evacuate along the evacuation passage to both ends of the tunnel on foot, or enter the rescue lane and evacuate by taking a rescue vehicle. When a fire occurs, the pressurized blower located in the working shaft delivers fresh air into the evacuation passage. And through the adjustment of the pressure relief valve, the evacuation channel is maintained in a positive pressure state, effectively preventing smoke from spreading into the evacuation channel; the pressurized air supply fan transports fresh air to the evacuation channel, and there is no air leakage from the entrance and exit of the rescue vehicle, which ensures the effectiveness of the pressurized air supply. A residual pressure valve is installed between the evacuation channel and the slide room / stairwell to ensure that the evacuation channel maintains a positive pressure state and ensures the safety of personnel evacuation; under this layout, the cross-sectional area and volume of the evacuation channel are greatly reduced, and the sealing is stronger, which can effectively reduce the pressurized air supply volume of the evacuation channel, which is conducive to reducing the fan selection air volume and saving equipment installation space.

[0073] like Figure 8 and Fig.10As shown, when the rescue lane 215 function is provided in the tunnel, it includes a lane evacuation opening (i.e., an escape opening 2031) located on the side of the lane, the lane evacuation opening is connected to the slide room / stairwell 204 in the side space under the tunnel lane plate 202, the slide room / stairwell 204 is connected to the evacuation passage 205 under the lane plate 202 through a fire door 214, a residual pressure valve 212 is provided between the slide room / stairwell 204 and the evacuation passage 205, the evacuation passage 205 is connected to the rescue lane / other functional space 215 in the middle space under the lane plate 202 through a fire door 214, a cable channel 207 is provided on the side of the rescue lane 215, tunnel working shafts 208 are provided at both ends of the tunnel, the tunnel working shaft 208 is provided with an air supply shaft 209 connected to the outdoor atmosphere, a pressurized air supply fan 210 connected to the air supply shaft 209 is provided in the tunnel working shaft 208, and the pressurized air supply fan 210 directly acts on the evacuation passage 205.

[0074] like Fig. 9 As shown, when the tunnel is not provided with the rescue lane 215 function: it includes a lane evacuation opening (i.e., an escape opening 2031) located on the side of the lane, the lane evacuation opening is connected to the slide room / stairwell 204 in the side space below the tunnel lane plate 202, the slide room / stairwell 204 is connected to the evacuation passage 205 under the lane plate through a fire door 214, a residual pressure valve 212 is provided between the slide room / stairwell 204 and the evacuation passage 205, a cable passage 207 is provided on the side of the evacuation passage 205, tunnel working shafts 208 are provided at both ends of the tunnel, the tunnel working shaft 208 is provided with an air supply shaft 209 connected to the outdoor atmosphere, a pressurized air supply fan 210 connected to the air supply shaft 209 is provided in the tunnel working shaft 208, and the pressurized air supply fan 210 directly acts on the evacuation passage 205.

[0075] In Example 2, the evacuation channel is independently arranged, which ensures the closedness of the evacuation channel, is conducive to maintaining the positive pressure state of the entire channel, can effectively prevent smoke from invading the evacuation channel, and ensure the breathing safety and clarity of vision of personnel evacuation; after the application of Example 2, the pressurized air supply volume of the evacuation channel can be effectively reduced, which is conducive to reducing the air volume of the fan selection and saving equipment installation space, saving the initial investment in engineering equipment and civil engineering; the invention has the advantages of convenient construction and simple structure. There is no need to destroy the civil engineering structure under the shield tunnel lane slab, and the existing tunnel smoke prevention system can be easily modified. It is also suitable for the design and construction of new tunnels.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any ordinary technician in the industry can smoothly implement the present invention as shown in the drawings and described above. However, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made by technicians familiar with the profession without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the technical content disclosed above are all equivalent embodiments of the present invention. At the same time, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolutions made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tunnel smoke exhaust device, used for exhausting smoke when a fire occurs in a tunnel body (200), characterized in that: The tunnel smoke exhaust device (100) comprises at least one smoke exhaust valve structure (10) and a flue plate (20) installed on the top of a tunnel body (200), wherein the flue plate (20) is provided with at least one air hole (21), each of the smoke exhaust valve structures (10) is installed in each of the air holes (21) in the flue plate (20), and the upper surface height of each of the smoke exhaust valve structures (10) is lower than or equal to the upper surface height of the flue plate (20); the smoke exhaust valve structure (10) comprises a precast concrete frame (11) and a smoke exhaust valve body (11). 8), the smoke exhaust valve body (18) is installed in the concrete frame (11), and the precast concrete frame (11) is installed at each air hole (21) in the flue plate (20); the smoke exhaust valve structure (10) also includes a base embedded steel plate (17), and the base embedded steel plate (17) is clamped and fastened between the lower surface of the smoke exhaust valve body (18) and the upper surface of the precast concrete frame (11); smoke exhaust fans are provided at both ends of the flue plate (20), and the smoke exhaust valve structure (10) is an electric smoke exhaust valve.

2. A tunnel smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of embedded bolts (12) are installed on the edge of the embedded steel plate (17) of the base, and each embedded bolt (12) is connected to a nut (13) at its end after passing through the flue plate (20), a gasket (14) is provided between the nut (13) and the upper surface of the flue plate (20), and a flue plate embedded steel plate (15) is also sandwiched between the gasket (14) and the upper surface of the flue plate (20).

3. A tunnel smoke exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing fireproof adhesive (16) is sandwiched between the lower surface of the smoke exhaust valve body (18) and the upper surface of the precast concrete frame (11), and the sealing fireproof adhesive (16) is located at the air hole (21).

4. A tunnel, characterized in that: The tunnel comprises a tunnel body (200) and a tunnel smoke exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a smoke exhaust duct (201) is formed between the top of the inner wall of the tunnel body (200) and the smoke duct plate (20).

5. A method for installing a smoke exhaust valve structure, applied to a tunnel smoke exhaust device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The smoke exhaust valve structure (10) is installed in each air hole (21) in the flue plate (20), and the height of the upper surface of the smoke exhaust valve structure (10) is ensured to be lower than or equal to the height of the upper surface of the flue plate (20).

6. The method for installing a smoke exhaust valve structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A smoke exhaust valve base is provided at the bottom of the smoke exhaust valve structure (10), and a sealing fireproof rubber strip (16) is provided at the joint between the smoke exhaust valve base and the flue plate (20).

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