New energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat damage mine

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of a heat damage mine, and relates to the technical field of ventilation and cooling of the heat damage mine, the new energy system comprises a liquid air energy storage power station, a liquid air conveying pipeline system arranged in a liquid air conveying stratum drill hole, and an underground liquid air storage and conveying system arranged in an underground chamber of a mine area; the liquid air conveying pipeline system is used for connecting the liquid air energy storage power station and the underground liquid air storage conveying system; the underground liquid air storage and conveying system comprises an underground liquid air storage station and an underground liquid air conveying system; the underground liquid air storage station is used for storing liquid air; and the tail end of the underground liquid air conveying system is communicated with the underground mining area and is used for ventilating, cooling and comprehensively utilizing energy for the underground mining area. The efficiency of a traditional ventilation and cooling process is improved, the means of using liquid gas for industrial production underground is added, the energy consumption cost of mine production is greatly reduced, and the effects of energy storage and efficiency improvement can be provided for a ground power supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ventilation and cooling technology for heat-damaged mines, the field of comprehensive utilization of underground air compression power and other liquid air, and in particular to a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat-damaged mines. Background Art

[0002] As international science and technology and economic competition become more and more intense, the demand for deep resources is also increasing, the depth of resource mining is increasing, and the three technical challenges of "high ground stress, high water pressure, and high ground temperature" are also increasing; the traditional mine construction and resource mining model faces challenges, such as the increasing requirements for underground ventilation, the increasing difficulty of mine heat damage control, and the increasing distance of mine transportation and lifting, which leads to the increasing difficulty and cost of shaft construction, and the increasing number and depth of mines. Therefore, how to build mines efficiently and quickly? How to reduce energy and resource consumption in resource mining? How to protect the physical and mental health of underground miners and achieve green and sustainable development? The solution to this series of problems is inseparable from the development of new processes, new materials and new technologies.

[0003] First of all, at home and abroad, whether it is coal mines or non-coal mines, deep mining (such as 500m deep) requires the construction of main and auxiliary shafts, and also requires the establishment of multiple return air shafts and air intake shafts. The net diameter of the auxiliary shaft with the largest diameter in a general mine is more than 8m, and it has now developed to 12m, and the depth has reached more than 600m. In addition to the transportation of equipment and personnel, another key task of the auxiliary shaft is to take on the mine air supply. In the early stage of resource mining, 1-2 return air shafts were set up to form the main ventilation channel for the entire mine. However, as the scope and depth of mining increase, the demand for fresh air increases, and the number of air intake shafts and return air shafts has to increase. For example, the mining depth of Xi'anshan Iron Mine is more than 700 meters. In addition to rail transportation, ore belt inclined shafts, and auxiliary shafts, 7 vertical shafts are set up for air intake and return, auxiliary auxiliary shafts and other 10 shafts. With the increase in the number of shafts, the amount of engineering and the mine construction cycle have been greatly increased, and the cost and investment of the mine have increased rapidly.

[0004] Second, deep mines often cannot solve the heat damage problem of mines by relying solely on mechanically driven ventilation and mechanical compression refrigeration. They also need to use quality air-conditioning equipment above or below the mine for ventilation and cooling, or directly cool the working surface for air-conditioning and cooling. These air-conditioning equipment basically need to use mechanical compression refrigeration. As the mining depth and distance increase, these traditional cooling methods cannot meet the technical requirements of underground cooling, the cooling effect is getting lower and lower, and the cost is getting higher and higher.

[0005] Third, with the development of mining technology, underground compressed air power has increased, and the use of liquid air has also increased: for example, pneumatic tools have high rock breaking efficiency and low energy consumption; liquid air has a large volume expansion and can be used for underground crushing and reinforcement of water-containing surrounding rock, etc. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat-damaged mines. The technical solution is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat-damaged mines, comprising: a liquid air energy storage power station, a liquid air transportation formation borehole, a liquid air transportation pipeline system and an underground liquid air storage and transportation system; wherein the liquid air energy storage power station is arranged at a ground position in a mine area, the liquid air transportation pipeline system is arranged in the liquid air transportation formation borehole, the underground liquid air storage and transportation system is arranged in an underground chamber in the mine area, and the liquid air transportation pipeline system is used to connect the liquid air The energy storage power station and the underground liquid air storage and transportation system; the liquid air energy storage power station is used to produce and store liquid air; the liquid air transportation pipeline system is used to transport the liquid air produced by the liquid air energy storage power station to the underground liquid air storage and transportation system; the underground liquid air storage and transportation system includes an underground liquid air storage station and an underground liquid air transportation system; the underground liquid air storage station is used to store liquid air; the end of the underground liquid air transportation system is connected to the underground mining area, and is used for ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of gas in the underground mining area.

[0008] Furthermore, the liquid air transportation pipeline system includes: a supporting pipe body and a liquid air transportation pipeline; wherein, cement mortar is filled and reinforced between the supporting pipe body and the surrounding rock wall of the liquid air transportation formation borehole; the liquid air transportation pipeline is suspended inside the supporting pipe body by a suspension rope, and the liquid air transportation pipeline and the suspension rope are connected by a clamp; a steel concrete base and an anchor rod and cable reinforcement structure are also provided at the bottom of the supporting pipe body; and insulation measures are taken inside the supporting pipe body.

[0009] Furthermore, the supporting pipe body includes a prefabricated steel pipe concrete lining; the prefabricated steel pipe concrete lining includes a low-temperature resistant stainless steel pipe and concrete poured on the outer side wall of the stainless steel pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the underground liquid air storage and transportation system also includes: a liquid air distillation station, a liquid oxygen station and a liquid nitrogen station; wherein the liquid air distillation station is connected to the output pipeline of the underground liquid air storage station, and the liquid oxygen station and the liquid nitrogen station are both connected to the output pipeline of the liquid air distillation station; the liquid air distillation station is used to distill liquefied air to obtain liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen; the liquid oxygen station is used to store liquid oxygen; and the liquid nitrogen station is used to store liquid nitrogen.

[0011] Furthermore, a cold air supply station is arranged in the underground mining area; the cold air supply station comprises a first hot air blower, a liquid-air phase change throttling air enhancer, a first ventilation duct, a first liquid air inlet pipe, a first surrounding rock insulation layer and a first air quality monitoring module; the air inlet of the first hot air blower is connected to the air inlet tunnel, the air outlet of the first hot air blower is arranged at the first ventilation duct, the liquid-air phase change throttling air enhancer is arranged in the first ventilation duct, the bottom of the liquid-air phase change throttling air enhancer is connected to the first liquid air inlet pipe, and the first liquid air inlet pipe is connected to the end of the underground liquid air conveying system; the liquid-air phase change throttling air enhancer is used to throttle, vaporize and exchange heat on the liquid air conveyed by the first liquid air inlet pipe; the first surrounding rock insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the cold air supply station, and the first air quality monitoring module is also arranged inside the first ventilation duct.

[0012] Furthermore, a cold air compressed air supply station is arranged in the underground mining area; the cold air compressed air supply station comprises a second hot air blower, a liquid-air phase change throttling cooling, air increasing and pressure reducing air compression integrated device, a second ventilation duct, a second liquid air inlet pipe, a second surrounding rock insulation layer, a second air quality monitoring module and a compressed air output pipeline; the air inlet of the second hot air blower is connected to the air inlet tunnel, the air outlet of the second hot air blower is arranged at the second ventilation duct, the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling, air increasing and pressure reducing air compression integrated device is arranged in the second ventilation duct, and the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling, air increasing and pressure reducing air compression integrated device is arranged in the second ventilation duct. The bottom of the pressure-reducing and air-compression integrated device is connected to the second liquid air inlet pipe, the second liquid air inlet pipe is connected to the end of the downhole liquid air transportation system, and the output end of the liquid-air phase-change throttling, cooling, air-increasing and pressure-reducing air-compression integrated device is connected to the compressed air output pipeline; the liquid-air phase-change throttling, cooling, air-increasing and pressure-reducing air-compression integrated device is used to throttle, vaporize, heat exchange and output air compression power for the liquid air transported by the second liquid air inlet pipe; the second surrounding rock insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the cold air supply station, and the second air quality monitoring module is also arranged inside the second ventilation duct.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a waste heat utilization system; the waste heat utilization system includes: an air shaft fan, a main and auxiliary shaft of the mine, the underground liquid air transportation system, a return air shaft, a waste heat recovery device and ground heat supply equipment; wherein, the air shaft fan is arranged at the ground wellhead position of the main and auxiliary shafts of the mine and the ground wellhead position of the return air shaft, the underground liquid air transportation system is connected to the bottom of the main and auxiliary shafts of the mine, the underground mining area and the bottom of the return air shaft, the ground wellhead of the return air shaft is connected to the waste heat recovery device, and the waste heat recovery device is connected to the ground heat supply equipment.

[0014] The present invention provides a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat-damaged mines, which combines liquid air production technology with mining ventilation, mine cooling, air compression power and other systems, and integrates them with the current mining power supply system to form a mining ventilation, power and power generation system based on a new energy system, as well as underground comprehensive utilization of liquid air and its distillation products, which can improve the cooling efficiency and reduce costs in mines, and alleviate the technical problems of low cooling efficiency and high cost in traditional cooling methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of a heat-damaged mine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 A top view of a liquid air delivery pipeline system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 A side cross-sectional view of a liquid air delivery pipeline system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a supporting pipe body provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a downhole liquid air storage and transportation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an underground liquid air storage station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a liquid air distillation station provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a liquid oxygen station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a liquid nitrogen station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a cold air supply station provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Fig.11A schematic diagram of a cold air compressed air supply station provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 10, liquid air energy storage power station, 20, liquid air transportation formation drilling, 21, cement mortar, 30, liquid air transportation pipeline system, 31, support pipe body, 311, stainless steel pipe, 312, concrete, 32, liquid air transportation pipeline, 33, lifting rope, 34, clamp, 35, steel concrete base, 36, anchor rod and anchor cable reinforcement structure, 40, underground liquid air storage and transportation system, 41, underground liquid air storage station, 411, storage tank, 412, storage station air inlet, 413, storage station air outlet, 414, chamber inlet door, 415, chamber exit, 416, first air quality detection control point, 417, pipeline, 42, underground liquid air transportation system, 43, liquid air distillation station, 431, distillation tower, 432, distillation station chamber air inlet, 433, distillation station air outlet, 434, distillation station entrance, 435, distillation station exit, 436, second air quality detection control point, 437, underground liquid air connecting pipe, 44, liquid oxygen station, 441, liquid oxygen storage tank, 442, liquid oxygen station chamber air inlet, 443, liquid oxygen station air outlet, 444, Entrance of liquid oxygen station, 445, exit of liquid oxygen station, 446, third air quality detection control point, 447, underground liquid oxygen connecting pipe, 45, liquid nitrogen station, 451, liquid nitrogen storage tank, 452, air inlet of liquid nitrogen station chamber, 453, air outlet of liquid nitrogen station, 454, entrance of liquid nitrogen station, 455, exit of liquid nitrogen station, 456, fourth air quality detection control point, 457, underground liquid nitrogen connecting pipe, 51, first hot air blower, 52, liquid air phase change throttling air enhancer, 53, first ventilation duct, 54, first liquid air inlet pipe, 55, first A surrounding rock insulation layer, 56, a first air quality monitoring module, 61, a second hot air fan, 62, a liquid-air phase change throttling, cooling, air-increasing and pressure-reducing air compressor, 63, a second ventilation duct, 64, a second liquid air inlet pipe, 65, a second surrounding rock insulation layer, 66, a second air quality monitoring module, 67, a compressed air output pipeline, 71, a wind shaft fan, 72, a main and auxiliary shaft of the mine, 721, a main shaft space, 722, an auxiliary shaft space, 73, a return air shaft, 74, a waste heat recovery device, 75, a ground heat supply equipment, 76, an underground mining area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0029] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0030] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat-damaged mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the system includes: a liquid air energy storage power station 10, a liquid air transportation formation borehole 20, a liquid air transportation pipeline system 30 and an underground liquid air storage and transportation system 40; wherein, the liquid air energy storage power station 10 is arranged at a ground position in the mine area, the liquid air transportation pipeline system 30 is arranged in the liquid air transportation formation borehole 20, the underground liquid air storage and transportation system 40 is arranged in an underground chamber in the mine area, and the liquid air transportation pipeline system 30 is used to connect the liquid air energy storage power station 10 and the underground liquid air storage and transportation system 40.

[0032] Specifically, the liquid air energy storage power station 10 is used to produce and store liquid air;

[0033] The liquid air transport pipeline system 30 is used to transport the liquid air produced by the liquid air energy storage power station 10 to the underground liquid air storage and transport system 40;

[0034] The downhole liquid air storage and transportation system 40 includes a downhole liquid air storage station 41 and a downhole liquid air transportation system 42; the downhole liquid air storage station 41 is used to store liquid air; the end of the downhole liquid air transportation system 42 is connected to the downhole mining area, which is used for ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of gas in the downhole mining area.

[0035] Figure 2 is a top view of a liquid air delivery pipeline system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a side cross-sectional view of a liquid air delivery pipeline system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the liquid air transport pipeline system 30 includes: a supporting pipe body 31 and a liquid air transport pipeline 32 .

[0036] Specifically, cement mortar 21 is filled between the support pipe body 31 and the surrounding rock wall of the liquid air transport formation borehole 20 for reinforcement.

[0037] The liquid air delivery pipeline 32 is suspended inside the support pipe body 31 by a suspension rope 33, and the liquid air delivery pipeline 32 and the suspension rope 33 are connected by a clamp 34. Optionally, the suspension rope 33 includes a steel wire rope.

[0038] Specifically, the supporting pipe body 31 includes a prefabricated steel pipe concrete lining, which includes a low-temperature-resistant stainless steel pipe 311 and concrete 312 poured on the outer wall of the stainless steel pipe 311. Optionally, the concrete 312 includes C40 or higher concrete.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in the cross section of the liquid air delivery pipeline system, a stainless steel pipe 311 for delivering cryogenic liquid is placed in the middle and lower part, and is suspended in the air by a clamp 34 and a suspension rope 33. During the lowering process, the butt welding is performed, and the interface concrete is filled with cement after cooling.

[0040] After installation, insulation measures are taken inside the support pipe body 31, for example, the inside of the support pipe body 31 is evacuated to meet the insulation requirements. The support pipe body 31 can bear the water and soil pressure of the deep hole surrounding rock and the sealing requirements.

[0041] Specifically, the size relationship of each part of the liquid air delivery pipeline system 30 provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0042] (1) Horizontal dimension relationship:

[0043] The main technical parameters include: the net opening diameter D of the liquid air transport formation borehole 20 钻孔净 , the outer diameter D of the liquid air delivery pipe 32 液空管 , thickness t 液空管 , insulation thickness t 绝热 , the thickness t of the supporting pipe body 31 t+c , diameter D t+c , drilling filling thickness t f (The prefabricated support pipe body is built-in stainless steel pipe + concrete).

[0044] D 钻孔净 =D 液空管 +t 绝热 +t t+c +t f (1)

[0045] The material selection, thickness, connection, etc. of the liquid air delivery pipeline 32 and the inner pipe of the support pipe body 31 should all comply with the design requirements of cryogenic pipelines in the petrochemical industry.

[0046] t 绝热 Thickness, first of all, should meet the technical requirements for thermal insulation thickness, and secondly, should meet the process requirements for steel pipe and steel wire suspension of liquid and air delivery pipes in the shaft;

[0047] The supporting pipe body 31 is prefabricated in the ground factory, the stainless steel pipe is built in, and high-strength concrete is poured outside; the stainless steel pipe is longitudinally welded and butted on site, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 .t t+c =t t +t c , satisfying t t +t c ;

[0048] The design of parameters such as the inner diameter and wall thickness of the liquid air delivery pipeline 32 can be carried out by referring to the relevant cryogenic pipeline design manual, current relevant specifications and standards. The basic condition parameter of the design is the maximum working pressure P la , ventilation liquid air flow Q la , the liquid-to-air flow rate of the cryogenic cooling liquid is calculated as follows:

[0049] Maximum working pressure of liquid air pipeline (MPa):

[0050] P la =1.8+0.01*γ la H; (3)

[0051] Where: H—drilling depth m; γ la —Liquid air density 0.87kg / cm 3 ; The initial pressure value of 1.8MPa is generally the permanent value of the ground liquid air pressure.

[0052] Determine the liquid air ventilation flow rate Q la The ventilation demand is calculated according to formula (4):

[0053]

[0054] Among them, Q 通风 is the ventilation volume, m 3 / h;

[0055] Determine the liquid air ventilation flow rate Q la Calculate the cooling capacity requirement according to formula (5):

[0056] Q la =Q 降温 =Q 相变 +Q 空气温升 (5)

[0057] Where: Q 相变 , Q 空气温升 The flow rates required for latent heat transfer of liquid air phase change and air temperature rise respectively.

[0058] (2) Borehole support and net borehole diameter design

[0059] Total thickness of the support pipe 31 t t+c, mechanical analysis is performed according to the composite structure. The steel plate plays a water-stopping role, and the steel pipe and concrete jointly support the water and soil pressure. The maximum mud pressure during construction P 泥浆 =γ 泥浆 H design: The filling mud should solidify slowly in the later stage, combining the formation and the support pipe to form a synergistic effect.

[0060] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a support pipe body provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 As shown, a steel concrete base 35 and an anchor rod and cable reinforcement structure 36 are also provided at the bottom of the support pipe body 31 .

[0061] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a drilling construction method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0062] (a) The drilling process generally uses mud wall protection to drill to the bottom once, and then lower the prefabricated steel pipe concrete lining; before lowering, the drilling circulating mud is replaced with slow-setting cement slurry, and the initial setting time of the mud is t 初凝 Satisfaction is greater than 8 to 10 hours.

[0063] (b) The connection of stainless steel pipe concrete is made by butt welding, and measures such as hanging are taken to ensure verticality; after welding, use fast-setting high-strength cement to fill the pipe wall with the same thickness of concrete; the weld should be non-destructively tested to ensure that the welding connection is firm and the pipeline is leak-proof. The longitudinal connection of stainless steel pipe concrete is shown in Figure 3 .

[0064] (c) After drilling to the designed depth, the prefabricated steel pipe concrete pipe is lowered into the mud floating center. The total lowering time is t 下放 Control 初凝 Within hours.

[0065] (d) The drilling rig capacity should be large enough, the drilling diameter should be greater than 400-600mm, and the drilling depth should be greater than H. The drilling rig equipment should operate smoothly, and the drilling process should adopt the target area control method to ensure the directional rain and deviation rate of the drilling hole. Generally, the vertical deviation rate of the drilling hole can reach ≤0.1~0.2%.

[0066] (e) After the filling mud in the hole solidifies, the bottom of the hole is opened underground to reinforce the surrounding rock at the bottom of the hole, build a steel concrete base for the liquid air pipe, and complete key tasks such as thermal insulation and sealing of the bottom of the hole.

[0067] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for vertically hoisting and conveying a liquid air conveying pipeline, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] (1) Preparatory work above and below ground, especially preparation for underground construction.

[0069] Prepare vacuum insulated pipes, corrugated expansion pipes, connecting parts, lifting equipment, etc. on the ground;

[0070] After the vertical liquid air transport formation drilling is completed, the chamber construction begins at the bottom of the borehole, the borehole is exposed, the bottom surrounding rock is reinforced, and the bottom support pier of the vacuum pipeline is built. Figure 4 As shown, it consists of a steel concrete base and an anchor rod and cable reinforcement structure.

[0071] (2) Suspension, lowering and thermal insulation of liquid air pipes.

[0072] The vacuum steel pipe (i.e. liquid air transmission pipeline) is lowered by double rope suspension. The first section of the steel pipe concrete is installed with double clamps, and each section upwards has a pipe clamp. The force on the wire rope is monitored throughout the process.

[0073] After lifting is completed, seal the top and bottom and evacuate to meet the vacuum insulation technical requirements, or fill with insulation materials.

[0074] It should be noted that vacuum is only the most well-known method of deep-cold insulation. With the advancement of technology, other insulation process methods will replace it to facilitate comprehensive development.

[0075] (3) Debugging and trial operation of liquid air vertical transportation.

[0076] After the installation of the surface system, vertical insulation pipeline and downhole liquid air storage system is completed, the three stages of system debugging, trial operation and formal operation can be gradually started.

[0077] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a downhole liquid air storage and transportation system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the downhole liquid air storage and transportation system 40 also includes: a liquid air distillation station 43, a liquid oxygen station 44 and a liquid nitrogen station 45; wherein the liquid air distillation station 43 is connected to the output pipeline of the downhole liquid air storage station 41, and the liquid oxygen station 44 and the liquid nitrogen station 45 are both connected to the output pipeline of the liquid air distillation station 43.

[0078] Specifically, the liquid air distillation station 43 is used to distill liquefied air to obtain high-purity liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen;

[0079] Liquid oxygen station 44, for storing liquid oxygen;

[0080] The liquid nitrogen station 45 is used to store liquid nitrogen.

[0081] The underground space is a surrounding rock environment with high surrounding rock temperature and large ground stress; the space is small and the ventilation conditions are poor, and other special difficult conditions; in view of the storage safety conditions and use requirements of liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen, basic requirements for chamber geometry and support, basic principles for storage station operation and maintenance safety, etc. are proposed.

[0082] The structure of the underground liquid air storage station 41 and the liquid air distillation station 43 is the same as that of similar equipment on the ground, except that the liquid air pressure increases in direct proportion to the depth, and the storage pressure is greater than P 地下 =P 地上 +ρ 液空 H(MPa).

[0083] The size of the chamber is proportional to the size of the storage tank of the underground liquid air storage station 41, and the space size should be sufficient to install the liquid air storage tank.

[0084] A liquid air distillation station 43 is set up underground, and the ratio of the net diameter to the net height of the chamber should meet the process requirements of the distillation tower;

[0085] The operation of each underground chamber should be based on automation, unmanned and digital conditions. The liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen chambers are equipped with emergency counter-supply of nitrogen and oxygen respectively. The liquid air station chamber also has automatic balance monitoring of nitrogen and oxygen and emergency supply equipment.

[0086] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of an underground liquid-air storage station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the underground liquid air storage station 41 is the source of all liquid or gaseous products underground. On the basis of referring to the standards of the ground liquid air storage station, the special requirements of the underground should be considered. The basic unit of the underground liquid air storage station 41 includes: a storage tank 411 connected to the ground vertical borehole liquid air input, a storage station air inlet 412, a storage station air outlet 413, a chamber entrance 414, a chamber exit 415, a plurality of first air quality detection control points 416, and a pipeline 417 of the liquid air delivery pipeline 32.

[0087] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a liquid air distillation station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, the liquid air distillation station 43 is used to distill the underground liquid air to provide liquid gas products such as liquid oxygen / liquid nitrogen. On the basis of referring to the construction standards of the ground liquid air distillation station, the special requirements of the underground should be considered. The basic units of the liquid air distillation station 43 include: a distillation tower 431 connected to the underground liquid air storage station 41, a distillation station chamber air inlet 432, a distillation station air outlet 433, a distillation station entrance 434, a distillation station exit 435, a plurality of second air quality detection control points 436, and an underground liquid air connecting pipe 437.

[0088] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a liquid oxygen station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8As shown, the liquid oxygen station 44 is connected to the liquid air distillation station 43 and is a station for providing liquid oxygen products. On the basis of referring to the ground liquid oxygen station construction standards, special requirements for underground should be considered. The basic unit of the liquid oxygen station 44 includes: a liquid oxygen storage tank 441 connected to the liquid air distillation station 43, a liquid oxygen station chamber air inlet 442, a liquid oxygen station air outlet 443, a liquid oxygen station entrance 444, a liquid oxygen station exit 445, a plurality of third air quality detection control points 446, and an underground liquid oxygen connection pipe 447.

[0089] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a liquid nitrogen station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 9 As shown, the liquid nitrogen station 45 is connected to the liquid air distillation station 43 and is a station for providing liquid nitrogen products. On the basis of referring to the ground liquid nitrogen station construction standards, special requirements for underground should be considered. The basic unit of the liquid nitrogen station 45 includes: a liquid nitrogen storage tank 451 connected to the liquid air distillation station 43, a liquid nitrogen station chamber air inlet 452, a liquid nitrogen station air outlet 453, a liquid nitrogen station entrance 454, a liquid nitrogen station exit 455, a plurality of fourth air quality detection control points 456, and an underground liquid nitrogen connecting pipe 457.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present invention, the main purpose of transporting liquid air to the mine underground is to improve and enhance the quality and efficiency of underground ventilation, make full use of the deep cold phase change cold source, control heat damage, improve the underground operating temperature environment, make full use of the mechanical compression energy of liquid air, and produce underground compressed air power. Liquid air enters the underground storage tank, and the pressure in the tank rises from 1 to 2 MPa on the ground to several times underground, which can be simply calculated according to the hydrostatic pressure relationship. The specific gravity of liquid air is about 0.877. For example, the underground liquid air pressure at a mining depth of 500m will reach more than 7.39MPa. In addition, the latent heat of phase change of 1kg of liquid air is about 200KJ. The vaporization temperature is below -190℃.

[0091] In an optional implementation provided by an embodiment of the present invention, an independent cold air supply station can be built in each mining area underground. The hot fresh air that has been heated underground and sent down from the air inlet duct (the wind comes from the auxiliary vertical shaft or the air inlet vertical shaft) is transferred and vaporized with the liquid-air phase change throttling air enhancer to increase the supply of fresh cold air underground, which is used to improve the air quality conditions in the underground mining area or single-headed excavation working face.

[0092] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of a cold air supply station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.10As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the cold air supply station includes a first hot air blower 51, a liquid-air phase change throttling air booster 52, a first ventilation duct 53, a first liquid air inlet pipe 54, a first surrounding rock insulation layer 55 and a first air quality monitoring module 56; the air inlet of the first hot air blower 51 is connected to the air inlet tunnel, the air outlet of the first hot air blower 51 is provided with a first ventilation duct 53, the liquid-air phase change throttling air booster 52 is provided in the first ventilation duct 53, the bottom of the liquid-air phase change throttling air booster 52 is connected to the first liquid air inlet pipe 54, and the first liquid air inlet pipe 54 is connected to the end of the downhole liquid air transportation system 42.

[0093] Specifically, the liquid-air phase-change throttling air enhancer 52 is used to throttle and vaporize the liquid air delivered by the first liquid-air inlet pipe 54 for heat exchange;

[0094] A first surrounding rock insulation layer 55 is provided on the outer side wall of the cold air supply station, and a first air quality monitoring module 56 is also provided inside the first ventilation duct 53 .

[0095] In another optional implementation provided by the embodiment of the present invention, an independent cold air compressed air supply station can be built in each mining area underground. The hot fresh air sent down from the air inlet duct (the wind comes from the auxiliary vertical shaft or the air inlet vertical shaft) and heated underground is transferred and gasified through the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air-increasing and pressure-reducing air compression combiner. On the basis of increasing the supply of fresh cold air underground, it also provides underground compressed air power output. On the premise of improving the air quality conditions of the underground mining area or single-headed excavation working face, it provides wind pressure power for underground mining operations.

[0096] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of a cold air pressure supply station provided according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig.11 As shown, the cold air compressed air supply station includes a second hot air fan 61, a liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air increase and pressure reduction air compression synthesizer 62, a second ventilation duct 63, a second liquid air inlet pipe 64, a second surrounding rock insulation layer 65, a second air quality monitoring module 66 and a compressed air output pipeline 67; the air inlet of the second hot air fan 61 is connected to the air inlet tunnel, and the air outlet of the second hot air fan 61 is provided with a second ventilation duct 63, and the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air increase and pressure reduction air compression synthesizer 62 is provided in the second ventilation duct 63, the bottom of the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air increase and pressure reduction air compression synthesizer 62 is connected to the second liquid air inlet pipe 64, the second liquid air inlet pipe 64 is connected to the end of the underground liquid air transportation system 42, and the output end of the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air increase and pressure reduction air compression synthesizer 62 is connected to the compressed air output pipeline 67.

[0097] Specifically, the liquid-air phase-change throttling, cooling, air-increasing and pressure-reducing air-compression synthesizer 62 is used to throttle, vaporize, heat-exchange and output air-compression power for the liquid air delivered by the second liquid-air inlet pipe 64;

[0098] A second surrounding rock insulation layer 65 is provided on the outer side wall of the cold air supply station, and a second air quality monitoring module 66 is also provided inside the second ventilation duct 63 .

[0099] In the embodiment of the present invention, the underground environment of the mine is small and closed, so the quality and safety of fresh cold air production are related and unified. Whether it is liquid air, compressed air or atmospheric pressure air, it is necessary to ensure that its oxygen content is about 21%, and the content error does not exceed 1%. Lower than 19% will cause suffocation of personnel. Excessive oxygen content will cause underground equipment to overheat, fire or even explosion, which is the highest risk control level. The oxygen and nitrogen content in liquid air and air are tested at the same time, compared and calibrated with each other, and abnormal joint judgment alarms are issued.

[0100] Sensor detection should be set up at multiple points on each storage tank at the ground liquid air underground well head, underground liquid air tank storage center, distillation tower, liquid oxygen station, and liquid air station, and detection should be carried out inside and outside the tank simultaneously. Internal and external observation points should be set up at the weak links of the pipeline valves connecting the storage tanks.

[0101] In an optional implementation provided by the embodiment of the present invention, a waste heat utilization system is also included; specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the waste heat utilization system includes: an air shaft fan 71, a main and auxiliary shaft of the mine 72, an underground liquid air transportation system 42, a return air shaft 73, a waste heat recovery device 74 and a ground heat supply equipment 75; wherein, the main and auxiliary shafts of the mine 72 include a main shaft space 721 and an auxiliary shaft space 722; the air shaft fan 71 is arranged at the ground wellhead position of the main and auxiliary shafts of the mine 72 and the ground wellhead position of the return air shaft 73, the underground liquid air transportation system 42 is connected to the bottom of the main and auxiliary shafts of the mine 72, the underground mining area 76 and the bottom of the return air shaft 73, the ground wellhead of the return air shaft 73 is connected to the waste heat recovery device 74, and the waste heat recovery device 74 is connected to the ground heat supply equipment 75.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present invention, the waste heat utilization system can be seamlessly connected with the underground liquid air storage, combining the waste heat system of ground air liquefaction with the waste heat utilization of underground mining wind exhaustion to form a comprehensive ground heating, cooling and power supply system. Considering the full life cycle management of mine construction and mining, as well as green and sustainable development, when the mine mining is coming to an end, the underground chambers and tunnels of the mine will continue to be comprehensively utilized, especially in areas with rich geothermal resources and stable surrounding rock areas. These resources can be used for underground heat production, underground special link agricultural production, deep earth scientific research stations, underground space disaster prevention and mitigation comprehensive facilities, etc.

[0103] From the above description, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention provides a new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat-damaged mines. Compared with the prior art, it has the following technical effects:

[0104] (1) Actively embrace and promote the development of new technologies for liquid air energy storage to solve the problems of low utilization rate of new energy sources (wind power, photovoltaic power) and low efficiency of liquid air compressed air energy storage.

[0105] At present, both at home and abroad, new energy is in a stage of great development, especially my country's new energy construction is at the forefront of the world. As new energy increases, there are also problems with the utilization rate of new energy, instability of the power grid, and waste of useless electric power. Therefore, both at home and abroad are vigorously developing energy storage technology. Air energy storage and liquid air energy storage are becoming new trends in the development of energy storage, which greatly promotes the development of compressed air or liquefied air equipment. What is even more valuable is that compressed air and liquid air are currently essential resources for deep resource development. This directly translates into a large part of compressed air and liquefied air without returning to power generation, and can be directly used to reduce primary energy dissipation.

[0106] (2) Solve the challenges of heat damage caused by deep resource development;

[0107] High temperature heat damage is one of the "three highs" technical problems faced by resource development at a depth of more than 1,000 meters. When the temperature of the surrounding rock at the mining level reaches above +35°C, the energy consumed by existing technologies for underground ventilation and cooling is increasing, resulting in a sharp increase in mining costs, which is even difficult to overcome. The present invention uses liquefied air to ventilate mines and cool underground working faces, which can solve the special problems and technical challenges of underground ventilation and cooling in a more in-depth and efficient manner.

[0108] (3) Reduce energy consumption for underground ventilation and cooling, and improve energy utilization efficiency;

[0109] The high-tech advantages of the present invention as described in the above benefit 1 are: 1) In terms of ventilation, it overcomes the technical obstacles inherent in and difficult to overcome the operating mode of traditional ventilation equipment, namely, the large volume of normal air transportation, high power consumption, short transportation distance and other problems, and the liquid air transportation volume is reduced by more than 500 times; 2) In terms of cooling, it can greatly reduce the contact area between the liquid air cooling source and the environment, efficiently transport cold energy, and facilitate the use of energy on the working surface.

[0110] (4) Solve the technical and economic problems brought about by deep resource development, such as large wellbore engineering workload, long construction period, and large investment.

[0111] Shaft construction is a high-risk investment project. As the mining depth increases, the amount of mine construction and development work increases sharply, the construction difficulty increases, and the cost doubles. Compared with a 1,000-meter vertical shaft and a 500-meter deep shaft and a borehole construction, the cost will be reduced by more than one-tenth. The construction period also increases nonlinearly. Moreover, the success or failure of shaft construction determines the fate or future of the entire mine.

[0112] As the depth increases, the temperature of underground heat sources rises, the ventilation volume of the shaft increases sharply, and the cost of cooling and cooling increases. It is a novel idea to reduce the cross-section of the shaft or replace the shaft with engineering drilling. To achieve drilling instead of shaft, the amount of engineering work is greatly reduced, and the construction risk and cost are also greatly reduced. The only way to achieve this goal is to transport gaseous air as liquid air. In theory, the volume can be reduced by more than 500 to 700 times, that is, a shaft with a net diameter of 5m and a net area of ​​19.2 square meters can be satisfied with a net area of ​​0.039 square meters and a diameter of 112mm. Therefore, changing the form of air transportation can theoretically have great advantages. In terms of saving shafts, ventilation and cooling equipment, it shows great economic benefits and can greatly reduce the construction period of mines.

[0113] (5) Open up new areas of supply of liquid air products for underground mines and further promote the development of mining technology. Innovative and comprehensive use of compressed liquid air underground, including compressed air power, surrounding rock fracturing and explosive-free blasting, and surrounding rock low-temperature special freezing reinforcement technologies.

[0114] Liquid air technology is the source of various gas products in modern industry, and the usage of different gases is also a quantitative indicator of the level of industrial development in a city. In the future, the application of liquid air in mine production will also develop from scratch. First, liquid air is converted into high-pressure air, which is the source of underground pneumatic tools. Secondly, liquid air can be developed into various deep-cold application technologies underground, such as compressed air blasting, surrounding rock reinforcement or surrounding rock fracturing, etc.

[0115] (6) Reuse of geothermal resources and underground space resources in deep thermal resource mines for green and sustainable development.

[0116] After the resource development is completed, the surface and underground liquid-air transmission pipelines and underground storage chambers and equipment formed by the present invention can continue to serve the energy storage system, that is, used for surface energy storage power generation. Secondly, the system equipment and chambers for underground heat damage prevention and control can be converted into underground heat extraction equipment, further utilizing the deep underground space.

[0117] In short, looking at the above six major technical and economic benefits, we can build a new high-efficiency energy model for future deep-earth resource exploitation. It not only reduces the energy input of resource exploitation and efficiently balances the ground power grid, but also effectively controls underground heat damage, reduces the difficulty of underground ventilation, and provides a variety of new methods for underground shaft excavation and surrounding rock control of the working face in the mining area, thus comprehensively improving the technical level of green mining and ensuring that our deep resource development level is at the international leading level.

[0118] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other richer and more specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in every sense, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and range of equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0119] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A new energy system for efficient ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of heat-damaged mines, characterized in that: include: Liquid air energy storage power station, liquid air transportation formation borehole, liquid air transportation pipeline system and underground liquid air storage and transportation system; wherein the liquid air energy storage power station is arranged on the ground in the mine area, the liquid air transportation pipeline system is arranged in the liquid air transportation formation borehole, the underground liquid air storage and transportation system is arranged in the underground chamber in the mine area, and the liquid air transportation pipeline system is used to connect the liquid air energy storage power station and the underground liquid air storage and transportation system; The liquid air energy storage power station is used to produce and store liquid air; The liquid air delivery pipeline system is used to deliver the liquid air produced by the liquid air energy storage power station to the underground liquid air storage and delivery system; The downhole liquid air storage and transportation system includes a downhole liquid air storage station and a downhole liquid air transportation system; the downhole liquid air storage station is used to store liquid air; the end of the downhole liquid air transportation system is connected to the downhole mining area, which is used for ventilation, cooling and comprehensive utilization of gas in the downhole mining area.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid air delivery pipeline system comprises: a support pipe body and a liquid air delivery pipeline; wherein, Cement mortar is filled between the support pipe body and the surrounding rock wall of the liquid air transport formation borehole for reinforcement; The liquid air delivery pipeline is suspended inside the support pipe body by a suspension rope, and the liquid air delivery pipeline and the suspension rope are connected by a clamp; A steel concrete base and an anchor cable reinforcement structure are also provided at the bottom of the support pipe body; Heat insulation measures are taken inside the support pipe body.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting pipe body includes a prefabricated steel pipe concrete lining; the prefabricated steel pipe concrete lining includes a low-temperature resistant stainless steel pipe and concrete poured on the outer side wall of the stainless steel pipe.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underground liquid air storage and transportation system further includes: a liquid air distillation station, a liquid oxygen station and a liquid nitrogen station; wherein the liquid air distillation station is connected to an output pipeline of the underground liquid air storage station, and the liquid oxygen station and the liquid nitrogen station are both connected to an output pipeline of the liquid air distillation station; The liquid air distillation station is used to distill liquefied air to obtain liquid oxygen and liquid nitrogen; The liquid oxygen station is used to store liquid oxygen; The liquid nitrogen station is used to store liquid nitrogen.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cold air supply station is provided in the underground mining area; the cold air supply station comprises a first hot air blower, a liquid-air phase change throttling air increaser, a first ventilation duct, a first liquid air inlet pipe, a first surrounding rock insulation layer and a first air quality monitoring module; the air inlet of the first hot air blower is connected to the air inlet tunnel, the air outlet of the first hot air blower is provided with the first ventilation duct, the liquid-air phase change throttling air increaser is provided in the first ventilation duct, the bottom of the liquid-air phase change throttling air increaser is connected to the first liquid air inlet pipe, and the first liquid air inlet pipe is connected to the end of the underground liquid air transportation system; The liquid-air phase-change throttling air enhancer is used to throttle, vaporize and exchange heat on the liquid air delivered by the first liquid-air inlet pipe; The first surrounding rock insulation layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the cold air supply station, and the first air quality monitoring module is also arranged inside the first ventilation duct.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cold air compressed air supply station is provided in the underground mining area; the cold air compressed air supply station comprises a second hot air blower, a liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air-increasing pressure-reducing air compression synthesizer, a second ventilation duct, a second liquid air inlet pipe, a second surrounding rock insulation layer, a second air quality monitoring module and a compressed air output pipeline; the air inlet of the second hot air blower is connected to the air inlet tunnel, the air outlet of the second hot air blower is provided with the second ventilation duct, the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air-increasing pressure-reducing air compression synthesizer is provided in the second ventilation duct, the bottom of the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air-increasing pressure-reducing air compression synthesizer is connected to the second liquid air inlet pipe, the second liquid air inlet pipe is connected to the end of the underground liquid air transportation system, and the output end of the liquid-air phase change throttling cooling air-increasing pressure-reducing air compression synthesizer is connected to the compressed air output pipeline; The liquid-air phase-change throttling, cooling, air-increasing, and pressure-reducing air-compression integrated device is used to throttle, vaporize, heat-exchange, and output air-compression power for the liquid air delivered by the second liquid-air inlet pipe; The second surrounding rock insulation layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the cold air supply station, and the second air quality monitoring module is also arranged inside the second ventilation duct.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a waste heat utilization system; the waste heat utilization system includes: an air shaft fan, a main and auxiliary shaft of the mine, the underground liquid air transportation system, a return air shaft, a waste heat recovery device and ground heat supply equipment; wherein, the air shaft fan is arranged at the ground wellhead position of the main and auxiliary shafts of the mine and the ground wellhead position of the return air shaft, the underground liquid air transportation system is connected to the bottom of the main and auxiliary shafts of the mine, the underground mining area and the bottom of the return air shaft, the ground wellhead of the return air shaft is connected to the waste heat recovery device, and the waste heat recovery device is connected to the ground heat supply equipment.

Images