An obliquely reduced housing and a dialyzer having the housing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dialyzer housing and a dialyzer. The dialyzer housing includes: a hollow cylinder body, a dialysate port is arranged on the side wall of the two open ends of the cylinder body, an annular grid plate is arranged on the inner side of the opening, a preset distance is arranged between the outer wall of the annular grid plate and the inner wall of the cylinder body respectively, the inner end outer wall and the outer end outer wall of the annular grid plate are hermetically connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body, the plate width of the annular grid plate close to the dialysate port is greater than the plate width far from the dialysate port, and the dialysate port is opposite to a grid. The cylinder body structure of the present invention is simpler than the prior art, so the mold cost is lower than the existing design; by arranging annular grid plates at both ends of the cylinder body, after the dialysate flows through the dialysate port, it enters the inside of the fiber bundle through the grid openings distributed on the wall of the annular grid plate. By planning and designing the plate width distribution and size of the grid plate, the flow rate of the dialysate at different positions of the annular grid plate is artificially adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of dialysis technology, and more specifically, to an obliquely reduced housing. In addition, the present invention also relates to a dialyzer including the above-mentioned obliquely reduced housing. Background Art

[0002] Dialysis is one of the effective methods for treating end-stage renal failure. Hemodialysis, abbreviated as HD, is also commonly known as artificial kidney or kidney dialysis in popular terms, and it is a type of blood purification technology. It uses the principle of semipermeable membrane to remove various harmful and excess metabolic wastes and excessive electrolytes from the body through diffusion and convection, so as to purify the blood and correct the water and electrolyte and acid-base balance. The hemodialyzer, abbreviated as dialyzer, is a pipeline and container for solute exchange between blood and dialysate, and it is a key part of hemodialysis. The dialyzer is composed of hollow fibers, a housing, a sealing layer and end caps. A bundle of slender hollow fibers made of dialysis membrane is synthesized and placed in a transparent cylindrical housing. The two sides are sealed with a non-toxic medical polyurethane adhesive and fixed to the housing. The hollow fibers open outside the sealing layer, and the outer end is then closed with a domed cap to form a blood chamber. The top of the cap is open for connecting the blood circuit tube. The performance of the dialyzer is related to the hollow fibers, membrane area, end caps and housing structure used. By optimizing the structural design of the housing, the flow state of the dialysate in the dialyzer can be improved, the efficiency of mass exchange during dialysis can be increased, and thus the treatment effect can be enhanced.

[0003] Generally, the structure of the dialyzer housing is composed of a cylindrical structure with openings at both ends for placing the fiber bundle and having flanges, and two sleeves (dialysate ports) respectively located on the flanges at both ends of the cylinder and whose axes are perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. The inner diameter at the flange is larger than the inner diameter in the middle section of the cylinder, and there is a structure for connecting the end cap of the dialyzer near the port, such as a thread. Usually, a baffle for restricting the fiber bundle is provided inside the flange, and common ones include a grid baffle, a full-circumference baffle, a semi-circumference or less-than-semi-circumference baffle, etc. The grid baffle refers to a circumferentially distributed baffle with gaps inserted vertically or obliquely into the sealing layer. The full-circumference baffle refers to a baffle continuous in the circumferential direction. The semi-circumference or less-than-semi-circumference baffle refers to a baffle with a narrower width provided at the dialysate port.

[0004] The purpose of setting baffles at the full - circumference and at the dialysate outlet is to prevent the dialysate from directly flushing the membrane filaments, causing damage such as membrane rupture; at the same time, it diverts the dialysate to both sides to improve the flow distribution of the dialysate. In addition to the above purposes, the grid - type baffle can also play a role in preventing the separation of the rubber shell and restricting the fiber bundle. However, the above - mentioned designs introduce new problems while solving problems. For the dialyzer with a small baffle design, the diverting effect of the baffle is small, and the dialysate cannot uniformly penetrate into the fiber bundle at the end; for the full - circumference baffle, a groove will be formed between the baffle and the inner wall of the dialyzer flange, and the gas cannot be eliminated by itself after entering this groove. For the grid - type baffle, especially the inclined grid - type baffle, the die structure is complex, the manufacturing difficulty is large, and the cost is high.

[0005] In summary, how to ensure that the dialysate uniformly penetrates into the fiber bundle, facilitate the discharge of gas, and simplify the die structure are problems that those skilled in the art need to solve urgently at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a dialyzer housing. This dialyzer housing uses an annular grid plate instead of a baffle. Since the plate width of the grid plate near the dialysate outlet is greater than the plate width away from the dialysate outlet, it can ensure that the dialysate uniformly penetrates into the fiber bundle, and the gas can be discharged along with the flow of the dialysate without remaining in the dialyzer cylinder, and the structure is simple, which can simplify the die structure and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0007] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a dialyzer including the above - mentioned dialyzer cylinder.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purposes, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A dialyzer housing includes: a hollow cylinder, the side walls of the two open ends of the cylinder are provided with dialysate outlets, an annular grid plate is arranged inside the openings, a preset distance is provided between the outer wall of the annular grid plate and the inner wall of the cylinder, the outer walls of the inner end and the outer end of the annular grid plate are respectively sealedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, the plate width of the annular grid plate near the dialysate outlet is greater than the plate width away from the dialysate outlet, and the dialysate outlet is directly opposite a grid.

[0010] Preferably, cones are respectively arranged at both ends of the cylinder, the outer diameter of the cone at the outer end is greater than the inner diameter of the cone at the inner end, and the axis of the cone is collinear with the axis of the cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the cone includes a lower cone and an inclined cylindrical surface arranged outside the lower cone, the outer diameter of the inclined cylindrical surface is greater than the outer diameter of the lower cone, the inner diameter of the inclined cylindrical surface is greater than the inner diameter of the lower cone, and the inner side of the inclined cylindrical surface is connected to the outer side of the lower cone.

[0012] Preferably, double-threaded trapezoidal threads are provided on the outer periphery of the opening.

[0013] Preferably, a flange is provided on the outer edge of the inclined cylindrical surface.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom surface of the inclined cylindrical surface near the dialysate port is lower than the bottom surface far from the dialysate port.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom surface of the inclined cylindrical surface lies in a plane perpendicular to the plane formed by the intersection of the axis of the cylinder body and the axis of the dialysate port.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom surface of the inclined cylindrical surface is in a plane at an angle of 5-20° with the end face of the opening.

[0017] A dialyzer includes a housing and potting caps provided at both ends of the housing, and the housing is the dialyzer housing according to any one of the above.

[0018] The cylinder structure of the present invention is simpler than the prior art, so the mold cost is lower than the existing design. Especially compared with the baffle cylinder with oblique gratings, the demolding method of the cylinder of the present invention is simple and does not require a complex mold structure to achieve demolding. In addition, the annular grating plate can occupy a part of the volume of the sealant. Therefore, the amount of sealant used for the same thickness of the sealing layer is less than the existing design, thus saving the cost of the potting operation.

[0019] The present invention abandons the original baffle design. By providing annular grating plates at both ends of the cylinder body and forming a cavity for the dialysate to flow between the annular grating plates and the cylinder body, after the dialysate flows through the dialysate port, it first enters this cavity and then enters the inside of the fiber bundle through the grating openings distributed on the wall of the annular grating plate. By planning and designing the plate width distribution and size of the grating plate, the flow rate of the dialysate at different positions of the annular grating plate can be artificially adjusted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1 It is the front view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is the side view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A top view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 An axonometric view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figures 1-5 In:

[0027] 1 - Dialysate port, 2 - Double-threaded trapezoidal thread, 3 - Inclined cylindrical surface, 4 - Lower cone, 5 - Bottom surface, 6 - Cylinder, 7 - Flange, 8 - Grille port, 9 - Annular grille plate. Specific embodiments

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] The core of the present invention is to provide a dialyzer housing. This dialyzer housing uses an annular grille plate instead of a baffle. Since the plate width of the grille plate close to the dialysate port is greater than the plate width far from the dialysate port, it can ensure that the dialysate uniformly penetrates into the fiber bundle, and the gas can flow out with the dialysate and will not remain in the cylinder of the dialyzer. Moreover, the structure is simple, which can simplify the mold structure and reduce the manufacturing cost.

[0030] Another core of the present invention is to provide a dialyzer including the above-mentioned dialyzer cylinder.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 , Figure 1 The front view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention; Figure 2 The side view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention; Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention; Figure 4 A top view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention; Figure 5 An axonometric view of the dialyzer housing provided by the present invention.

[0032] A dialyzer housing, comprising: a hollow cylinder 6, a dialysate port 1 is provided on the side wall of the two open ends of the cylinder 6, an annular grid plate 9 is provided inside the opening, a preset distance is provided between the outer wall of the annular grid plate 9 and the inner wall of the cylinder 6, and the inner end outer wall and the outer end outer wall of the annular grid plate 9 are respectively hermetically connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 6. The plate width of the annular grid plate 9 near the dialysate port 1 is greater than the plate width away from the dialysate port 1, and the dialysate port 1 is aligned with one grid.

[0033] It should be noted that the dialysate port 1 communicates with the internal hollow structure of the cylinder 6, and the dialysate can flow in from one dialysate port 1 and flow out from the other dialysate port 1. The outer diameter and shape of the dialysate port 1 are designed according to the standards of the Hansen interface. On the premise of meeting the standards, four ribs are provided on the outside of the dialysate port 1 for lightweight setting.

[0034] There is a draft angle on the inner wall of the dialysate port 1, and the angle of the draft angle can be set between 0° and 2°. The cylinder 6 is a thin-walled structure, and the wall thickness can be 1 mm to 3 mm. The height of the annular grid plate 9 can be 1 / 10 to 1 / 3 of the length of the cylinder 6. The cylinder 6 provided in this application is an integral cylinder 6, or a spliced cylinder 6 can also be used. A certain draft angle is allowed in the middle section of the cylinder 6, and the parting surface is not limited to the middle surface of the cylinder 6.

[0035] The annular grid plate 9 includes an annular plate and grids provided on the upper part of the annular plate. All the grids are arranged along the annular plate. When installed, the grid openings of the annular grid plate 9 face the outside of the opening, and the dialysate port 1 is aligned with one grid to prevent the dialysate from directly entering the annular grid plate 9 along the dialysate port 1.

[0036] During assembly, the annular grid plate 9 is assembled with the cylinder 6 before the fiber bundle is placed. Then, the hollow fiber membrane bundle wrapped with the wrapping film is placed into the cylinder 6 from the end of the cylinder 6. The inner diameter of the annular grid plate 9 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the hollow fiber membrane bundle, which can avoid collision with the annular grid plate 9 when placing the hollow fiber membrane bundle. After removing the wrapping film, the hollow fiber membrane bundle will become somewhat fluffy, so that the outer periphery of the hollow fiber membrane bundle can contact the inner wall of the cylinder 6 and the inner wall of the annular grid plate 9.

[0037] After the hollow fiber membrane bundle is placed, sintering and encapsulation operations are carried out. Due to the presence of the annular grid plate 9, the hollow fiber membrane bundle is constrained throughout the cylinder 6. Therefore, the end face of the hollow fiber membrane bundle is not easily loose and messy, so as to reduce the defects generated during sintering, and at the same time, it can ensure that the posture of the hollow fiber membrane bundle remains stable during the encapsulation process.

[0038] After installing the encapsulation cap at both ends of the annular grid plate 9, sealant can be used for encapsulation. The sealant is poured in from the dialysate port 1 and centrifuged with the line set in the middle of the cylinder body 6 and perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder body 6 as the rotation axis to throw the sealant at both ends. The sealant will adhere between the cylinder body 6 and the annular grid plate 9. After encapsulation, since the outer wall of the inner end of the annular grid plate 9 is hermetically connected to the inner wall of the cylinder body 6, a channel for dialysate flow will be formed among the sealant, the annular grid plate 9 and the cylinder body 6, and the dialysate can only penetrate into the fiber bundle through the through holes on the annular grid plate 9. A part of the annular grid plate 9 is inserted into the sealant, which can fix the annular grid plate 9 firmly in the cylinder body 6, improve the strength of the sealant, avoid the separation of the glue shell during the cutting process, and at the same time, the annular grid plate 9 can occupy a part of the volume of the sealant, thereby reducing the amount of sealant used and thus reducing the cost.

[0039] Considering that the dialysate pressure at the dialysate port 1 is greater than the pressure at the distal end of the dialysate port 1, the flow rate of the dialysate in the grid opening 8 near the dialysate port 1 is greater than the flow rate of the dialysate in the grid opening 8 far from the dialysate port 1. Therefore, the plate width of the grid plate near the dialysate port 1 is greater than the plate width far from the dialysate port 1, that is, the number of grid openings 8 near the dialysate port 1 is less than the number of grid openings 8 far from the dialysate port 1, so as to ensure the uniformity of dialysate distribution.

[0040] The structure of the cylinder body 6 of the present invention is simpler than that of the prior art, so the mold cost is lower than the existing design. Especially compared with the baffle cylinder body 6 with oblique grids, the demolding method of the cylinder body 6 of the present invention is simple and does not require a complex mold structure to achieve demolding. In addition, the annular grid plate 9 can occupy a part of the volume of the sealant. Therefore, the amount of sealant used for the sealant layer with the same thickness is less than the existing design, thus saving the cost of the encapsulation operation.

[0041] The present invention abandons the original baffle design. By arranging annular grid plates 9 at both ends of the cylinder body 6 and forming a cavity for dialysate flow between the annular grid plates 9 and the cylinder body 6, after the dialysate flows through the dialysate port 1, it first enters this cavity and then enters the inside of the fiber bundle through the grid openings 8 distributed on the wall of the annular grid plate 9. By planning and designing the plate width distribution and size of the grid plate, the flow rate of the dialysate at different positions of the annular grid plate 9 can be artificially adjusted.

[0042] On the basis of the above embodiments, as a further preference, cones are respectively arranged at both ends of the cylinder body 6, the outer diameter of the cone is greater than the inner diameter of the cone, and the axis of the cone is collinear with the axis of the cylinder body 6.

[0043] It should be noted that a slit can be formed between the outer wall of the annular grid plate 9 and the conical surface structure of the dialyzer for the dialysate to flow. The dialysate port 1 is arranged on the outer wall of the vertebral body. The arrangement of the vertebral body can facilitate the formation of a slit between the inner wall of the vertebral body and the annular sleeve when the annular sleeve is set as an annular structure, without the need to set up a cumbersome mechanism to set a preset distance between the inner wall of the cylinder body 6 and the outer wall of the grid plate.

[0044] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a further preference, the cone includes a lower cone 4 and an inclined cylindrical surface 3 arranged outside the lower cone 4. The outer diameter of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the lower cone 4, and the inner diameter of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the lower cone 4. The inner side of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is connected to the outer side of the lower cone 4.

[0045] It should be noted that the inner end of the lower vertebral body is connected to the outer end of the cylinder body 6, and the outer end of the lower vertebral body is connected to the inclined cylindrical surface 3. A slit can be formed between the outer wall of the annular grid plate 9 and the inner wall of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 for the dialysate to flow. And the inner end of the grid of the annular grid plate 9 is flush with the inner end of the annular cylindrical surface, so that a slit is formed between the outer wall of the grid and the inner wall of the inclined cylindrical surface 3, so that the dialysate can flow into the interior along the grid port 8. The structure set in this embodiment can make the wall thickness of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 and the lower vertebral body consistent, which is convenient for processing, and can increase the width of the slit to increase the dialysate flow rate and the dialysis speed.

[0046] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a further preference, double-threaded trapezoidal threads 2 are arranged on the outer periphery of the opening.

[0047] It should be noted that double trapezoidal threads are arranged on the outer peripheries of both openings to connect the sealing cap or the dialyzer end cap. Usually, this position can also be set as other structures, such as the boss structure used for ultrasonic welding, or the flange 7 structure used for snap connection, etc.

[0048] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a further preference, a flange 7 is arranged on the outer edge of the inclined cylindrical surface 3.

[0049] It should be noted that the flange 7 extends outward along the inclined cylindrical surface 3 and is in a circular ring shape. The flange 7 is arranged between the thread and the vertebral body. The function of the flange 7 is a process structure used for positioning with a fixture during the assembly process.

[0050] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a further preference, the bottom surface 5 of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 close to the dialysate port 1 is lower than the part far from the dialysate port 1.

[0051] It should be noted that the structure set in this embodiment can make the length of the grille plate close to the dialysate port 1 longer than that of the grille plate far from the dialysate port 1. By setting it in this way, the size of the grille opening 8 close to the dialysate port 1 can be made larger than that of the grille opening 8 far from the dialysate port 1, so as to control the pressure of the dialysate close to the dialysate port 1 to be less than the pressure of the dialysate far from the dialysate port 1, so that the flow rate of the dialysate close to the dialysate port 1 is less than the flow rate of the dialysate far from the dialysate port 1, and the dialysate flows in evenly.

[0052] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a further preference, the bottom surface 5 of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is located in a plane perpendicular to the plane formed by the intersection of the axis of the cylinder body 6 and the axis of the dialysate port 1.

[0053] It should be noted that the lowermost bottom surface 5 of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is located below the dialysate port 1, and the lowermost bottom surface 5 of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is perpendicular to the plane formed by the intersection of the axis of the cylinder body 6 and the axis of the dialysate port 1, so that the inclined cylindrical surfaces 3 distributed on both sides along the dialysate port 1 are symmetrically distributed, ensuring that the dialysate entering the cylinder body 6 along the dialysate port 1 flows evenly to both sides.

[0054] On the basis of the above embodiment, as a further preference, the bottom surface 5 of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is in a plane at an angle of 5-20° with the opening end face.

[0055] It should be noted that the plane where the bottom surface 5 of the inclined cylindrical surface 3 is located forms an angle of 5-20° with the plane where the opening end face is located, so as to control the inclination angle of the bottom of the grille and ensure the flow effect of the dialysate. Of course, the specific angle of this angle can be set according to the actual application situation.

[0056] In addition to the above dialyzer housing, the present application also provides a dialyzer, including a housing and sealing caps provided at both ends of the housing. The housing is the dialyzer housing disclosed in any one of the above embodiments. For the structures of other parts of this dialyzer, please refer to the prior art and will not be elaborated herein.

[0057] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0058] The above has introduced the dialyzer housing and the dialyzer provided by the present invention in detail. Specific examples are used herein to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dialyzer housing, characterized in that, Comprising: A hollow cylinder (6), dialysis liquid ports (1) are arranged on the side walls of both ends of the cylinder (6) which are open, an annular grid plate (9) is arranged inside the opening, a preset distance is arranged between the outer wall of the annular grid plate (9) and the inner wall of the cylinder (6), the outer walls of the inner end and the outer end of the annular grid plate (9) are respectively and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the cylinder (6), the plate width of the annular grid plate (9) close to the dialysis liquid port (1) is greater than the plate width far from the dialysis liquid port (1), and the dialysis liquid port (1) is opposite to one grid; Cones are respectively arranged at both ends of the cylinder (6), the outer diameter of the cone is greater than the inner diameter of the cone, and the axis of the cone is collinear with the axis of the cylinder (6); The cone comprises a lower cone (4) and an inclined cylindrical surface (3) arranged outside the lower cone (4), the outer diameter of the inclined cylindrical surface (3) is greater than the outer diameter of the lower cone (4), the inner diameter of the inclined cylindrical surface (3) is greater than the inner diameter of the lower cone (4), and the inner side of the inclined cylindrical surface (3) is connected with the outer side of the lower cone (4); The bottom surface (5) of the inclined cylindrical surface (3) close to the dialysis liquid port (1) is lower than the bottom surface (5) far from the dialysis liquid port (1); The bottom surface (5) of the inclined cylindrical surface (3) is located in a plane perpendicular to the plane formed by the intersection of the axis of the cylinder (6) and the axis of the dialysis liquid port (1).

2. The dialyzer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A double-thread trapezoidal thread (2) is arranged on the outer periphery of the opening.

3. The dialyzer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flange (7) is arranged on the outer edge of the inclined cylindrical surface (3).

4. The dialyzer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom surface (5) of the inclined cylindrical surface (3) is in a plane forming an angle of 5 to 20° with the end face of the opening.

5. A dialyzer, comprising a housing and potting caps provided at both ends of the housing, characterized in that, The housing is the dialyzer housing according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

Images