A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing and its construction technology

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fire protection structure for a high-ductility seismic isolation rubber bearing and its construction process. A high-ductility fire protection structure layer is also installed around the seismic isolation rubber bearing and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material. The high-ductility fire protection structure layer includes a connecting fixed plate and a ductile fireproof and heat-insulating layer. The ductile fireproof and heat-insulating layer forms two fireproof composite layers under normal conditions to achieve fire protection. When a large deformation and tensile displacement occur during a medium or large earthquake, the outer fireproof composite layer forms an oblique tensile relative to the inner fireproof composite layer. Since there is an overlapping area between the two, even if the tensile displacement is too large, the two will not fall off or break, effectively making an adaptation extension according to the degree of deformation displacement, and still wrapping the inner seismic isolation rubber bearing throughout the process; the improvement of the ductility performance ensures that when facing medium and large earthquakes and large displacement offsets, the outer fireproof composite layer will not be torn and damaged by the deformation, and continues to provide complete fire protection, achieving the fire protection effect under extreme conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to structural construction technology in the field of shockproof and shock-absorbing technology, and in particular to the field of fire protection technology for rubber bearings, specifically to a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing fire protection structure and a construction process thereof. Background Art

[0002] The building seismic isolation rubber bearing is a product made of multiple layers of rubber and multiple layers of steel plates or other materials alternately stacked together. As the development of building seismic isolation technology becomes more and more mature, more and more buildings use seismic isolation rubber bearings. Seismic isolation bearings are generally arranged between the upper and lower piers of the building. As a part of the middle of the load-bearing components, when an earthquake occurs, the seismic input energy of the upper structure is reduced to avoid structural collapse. According to the provisions of the Code for Fire Protection Design of Buildings (GB50016-2014) for civil buildings, the fire resistance limit of the column component with a fire resistance grade of one is not less than 3 hours. The seismic isolation rubber bearing is located between the upper and lower piers and should also be designed according to the fire protection requirements of the column. Its fire resistance limit should also meet the requirement of a fire resistance limit of not less than 3 hours. Since rubber is a flammable item, when a fire occurs in the seismic isolation rubber bearing, the rubber will gradually degrade as the temperature rises, and a gap will be generated between the rubber and the steel plate due to the failure of bonding. Air infiltrates from the gap and causes more intense combustion. At the same time, the rubber and steel plates will slide in different layers under pressure, causing the bearing performance to be continuously lost and eventually lose its bearing capacity, leading to serious consequences such as the collapse of the building. Studies have shown that the fire resistance limit of the seismic isolation rubber bearing is only 82 minutes, which is far from the fire protection design requirement of 3 hours of fire resistance. The fire protection structure adopted for the seismic isolation rubber bearing should first ensure that it will not lose its bearing capacity in the fire, avoid structural collapse, and buy time for the evacuation of personnel. During medium and large earthquakes, the seismic isolation rubber bearing may even displace more than 40 centimeters, and the seismic isolation rubber bearing will produce relatively large deformation displacement. Therefore, it is necessary to allow the refractory material wrapped around the seismic isolation rubber bearing to be able to cope with such large deformation displacement. In the current prior art, such as the Chinese invention application with publication number CN111561065A, the fire protection structure provided therein only wraps the composite type on the outside of the seismic isolation rubber bearing.

[0003] Refractory materials usually used are fireproof composite layer products made of multi-layer composite refractory materials. They are resistant to high temperatures and are non-combustible. However, such products usually do not have good ductility. Therefore, in the structure of such fireproof materials wrapped around the seismic isolation rubber bearings, due to the small limit of deformation that they can withstand, when the seismic isolation rubber bearings undergo small or medium-sized displacements, they will cause local or overall tearing. On the one hand, they cannot achieve a good fireproofing effect, and on the other hand, they require frequent replacement, maintenance, and inspection. Summary of the invention

[0004] To solve the problems and deficiencies existing in the above-mentioned prior art, through research and design, the inventor now provides a new solution idea and technical means, effectively solving the problem of the fire protection structure of the seismic isolation rubber bearing that can still maintain a complete fire protection function under high displacement conditions. It has good ductility, can adaptively extend and adjust in the face of large deformation displacement, and then reset, significantly improving the effective integrity of structural protection under large displacement conditions and extending the service life of the fire protection structure. Specifically, the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A fire protection structure for a high-ductility seismic isolation rubber bearing, comprising a seismic isolation rubber bearing installed between upper and lower piers. Flange plates are installed at the upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation rubber bearing. A flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material is wrapped around the outer layer of the seismic isolation rubber bearing between the flange plates. A high-ductility fire protection structure layer is also installed on the periphery of the seismic isolation rubber bearing and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material. The high-ductility fire protection structure layer includes: connecting fixing plates, which are divided into an upper connecting fixing plate and a lower connecting fixing plate, and are respectively installed on the inner walls of the upper and lower piers, and extend in a sticking manner along the inner wall surface towards the seismic isolation rubber bearing to the outer surface of the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material; a ductile fireproof and heat-insulating layer, which includes an inner fireproof composite layer and an outer fireproof composite layer. The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are combined and installed in such a way that they can extend in length along the deformation displacement direction under the state of deformation or displacement. The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are installed on the connecting fixing plates and wrap the seismic isolation rubber bearing and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material in at least two layers from the inside to the outside in sequence.

[0006] Introduction to the working principle of the present invention: The upper connecting fixing plate is installed on the edge of the bottom of the upper pier, and is wrapped along the side wall of the upper pier to the bottom surface and then extends downward to the area of the isolation rubber bearing, and is fixed on the upper pier. Similarly, the lower connecting fixing plate is symmetrically installed and fixed on the lower pier. Aerogel felt is embedded at the position on the inner side of the upper connecting fixing plate and the lower connecting fixing plate opposite to the flange plate, aiming to form a heat insulation structure for the flange plate area. The strip-shaped heat insulation openings opened on the surface of the connecting fixing plate are distributed in a staggered manner, which can reduce the rate of high temperature transfer from the outside to the inside; the entire connecting fixing plate also provides the function of an installation plate for the extensible fireproof heat insulation layer. First, the inner fireproof composite layer and the fixed fireproof composite layer are installed, and then the outer fireproof composite layer is installed on the upper connecting fixing plate, so that the inner and outer fireproof composite layers form a nested combination with each other, wrapping the isolation rubber bearing and the flexible fireproof heat insulation material. When an earthquake of medium magnitude or above occurs, a relative displacement occurs between the upper pier and the lower pier, and the isolation rubber bearing is instantaneously stretched and deformed. At this time, the inner and outer fireproof composite layers generate an oblique pulling force. The nested structural design enables the inner and outer fireproof composite layers to move and displace in the overlapping area, and there will be a certain relative movement between the two, but it will not form a situation where the inner isolation rubber bearing is exposed due to shedding or disconnection. According to the degree of deformation displacement, the length of the fireproof heat insulation layer is automatically extended, and the inner isolation rubber bearing is still fully wrapped and protected, avoiding the situation of tearing the fireproof heat insulation material due to displacement, and effectively realizing the fire protection of the isolation rubber bearing during the earthquake prevention process of medium and large earthquakes, so that the fireproof performance reaches an ideal effect.

[0007] Advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art:

[0008] (1) By designing the inner and outer fireproof composite layers in a nested structure, an extensible fireproof heat insulation layer is formed. Under normal conditions, the two fireproof composite layers are formed to achieve fire protection. When a large deformation and tensile displacement occurs during a medium or large earthquake, the outer fireproof composite layer forms an oblique tension relative to the inner fireproof composite layer. Since the two have an overlapping area, even if the tensile displacement is too large, it will not cause the two to fall off or disconnect, and effectively makes an adaptation extension according to the degree of deformation displacement. The whole process still wraps the inner isolation rubber bearing; the improvement of the extensibility ensures that in the face of medium and large earthquakes and large displacement offsets, the outer fireproof composite layer is not torn and damaged by the deformation, and continues to provide complete fire protection, realizing the fireproof effect under extreme conditions.

[0009] (2) The inner and outer fireproof composite layers have an inter-nested structure with an overlapping area, so that after an earthquake, when the seismic isolation rubber bearing undergoes instantaneous displacement, stretching and then resetting, the entire external fireproof structure can still be reset and restored. Due to the extended design of its own structure, it will not be damaged after resetting and can continue to provide protection. Compared with the outer fireproof structure without extensibility design, which requires frequent monitoring and inspection and regular maintenance and replacement, the structure of the present invention has a longer service life, reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement, and saves material and labor costs.

[0010] (3) Compared with the prior art, the construction process of the present invention is simple and convenient, does not require special tools, can be conveniently implemented in a narrow space with a narrow upper and lower pier distance, has a reasonable structure, does not waste materials, is easy to fix and install, and has strong operability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a fire protection structure for a highly extensible seismic isolation rubber bearing of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 It is a schematic installation structure diagram between the connecting fixing plate and the seismic isolation rubber bearing of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional installation structure diagram of a fire protection structure for a highly extensible seismic isolation rubber bearing of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the usage state after installation of a fire protection structure for a highly extensible seismic isolation rubber bearing of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fire protection structure for a highly extensible seismic isolation rubber bearing of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 6 It is a top view of the internal structure of a fire protection structure for a highly extensible seismic isolation rubber bearing of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural state of a fire protection structure for a highly extensible seismic isolation rubber bearing of the present invention in a deformed displacement state;

[0018] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the extensible fireproof and heat-insulating layer is bent and folded in an S shape in Example 2;

[0019] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structural state of the structure in Example 2 in a deformed displacement state;

[0020] Figure 10Schematic semi-sectional view of the structure of the present invention in a deformed displacement state;

[0021] Figure 11 Schematic three-dimensional structure view of the present invention in a deformed displacement state;

[0022] Figure 12 Schematic view of the connection structure connecting the fixing plate and the installation groove in Embodiment 4;

[0023] Figure 13 Schematic sectional view of the overall structure of the technical solution in Embodiment 4;

[0024] Figure 14 Schematic top sectional structure view of the overall technical solution in Embodiment 4;

[0025] Figure 15 Schematic view of the usage state and usage scenario of the present invention;

[0026] Wherein: 1 - pier, 2 - seismic isolation rubber bearing, 3 - flange plate, 4 - flexible fireproof and heat insulation material, 5 - upper connection fixing plate, 6 - lower connection fixing plate, 7 - inner fireproof composite layer, 8 - fixed fireproof composite layer, 9 - outer fireproof composite layer, 10 - strip-shaped heat insulation opening, 11 - flexible connection component, 12 - aerogel felt, 13 - steel wire rope, 14 - installation groove, 15 - outer edge fireproof layer, 16 - metal outer cover, H - height between piers, L - displacement distance occurring during deformation. Specific embodiments

[0027] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer and more understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0028] In this embodiment, the flexible fireproof and heat insulation material described is fireproof cotton, and the fireproof composite layer is a fireproof and refractory material product formed by installing various fireproof materials purchased commercially or made by each family in multiple layers according to certain specifications. In this embodiment, for all the installations described, conventional installation parts such as expansion bolts, gaskets, countersunk bolts, and dovetail screws can be selected.

[0029] Embodiment 1: A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing, as Figure 1As shown in the figure, it includes a seismic isolation rubber bearing 2 installed between the upper and lower piers 1. Flange plates 3 are installed at the upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation rubber bearing 2. A flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4 is wrapped around the outer layer of the seismic isolation rubber bearing 2 between the flange plates 3. A highly ductile fireproof structure layer is also installed on the periphery of the seismic isolation rubber bearing 2 and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material. The highly ductile fireproof structure layer includes: connecting fixing plates, which are divided into an upper connecting fixing plate 5 and a lower connecting fixing plate 6, and are respectively installed on the inner walls of the upper and lower piers, and extend in a sticking manner along the inner wall surface towards the seismic isolation rubber bearing 2 to the outer surface of the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material; and a ductile fireproof and heat-insulating layer, which includes an inner fireproof composite layer 7 and an outer fireproof composite layer 9. The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are combined and installed in such a way that they can extend in length along the deformation and displacement direction in a deformed or displaced state. The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are installed on the connecting fixing plates and are arranged in at least two layers to successively wrap the seismic isolation rubber bearing 2 and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material from the inside to the outside.

[0030] During construction: As Figures 2 - 6 shown in the figure, the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4 is filled around the seismic isolation rubber bearing 2. The outer edge of the filled flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4 is flush with the outer edges of the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 3. After filling, the outer surface of the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4 is the same as or slightly thicker than the outer surfaces of the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 3; Subsequently, prepare to install the connecting fixing plates. Before installing the upper connecting fixing plate 5 and the lower connecting fixing plate 6 respectively, around the outer edge position of the upper flange plate 3 and the corresponding area at the outer edge position of the lower flange plate 3, aerogel felt 12 is installed, which are respectively the upper aerogel felt 12 and the lower aerogel felt 12. The joints of the upper aerogel felt 12 and the lower aerogel felt 12 are both sewn or bonded. A layer of radiation-proof cloth or a layer of silica gel cloth is coated outside the upper aerogel felt 12 and the lower aerogel felt 12, or it can be wrapped with fireproof cloth. Subsequently, install the upper connecting fixing plate 5 and the lower connecting fixing plate 6. The side walls of the connecting fixing plates are fixed to the side walls of the pier 1 respectively using expansion bolts, and then countersunk bolts are used to fix them to the top and bottom surfaces of the pier 1 along the parallel plane of the connecting fixing plates to complete the installation of the connecting fixing plates for installing the ductile fireproof and heat-insulating layer; A number of strip-shaped heat-insulating openings 10 are evenly distributed in a staggered manner on the surface of the connecting fixing plates, and fireproof coatings are applied to both the inner and outer surfaces of the connecting fixing plates.

[0031] The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are independently arranged inside and outside, and are nested and installed with a staggered or partially or wholly overlapped structure. The inner fireproof composite layer 7 is installed in a wrapping manner on the lower connecting fixing plate 6 and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material with an L-shaped cross-section structure, and the outer fireproof composite layer 9 is installed in a wrapping manner on the upper connecting fixing plate 5 with an L-shaped cross-section structure; the inner and outer fireproof composite layers are vertically staggered and installed in a contact-type overlapping manner on the inner side. There is also a fixed fireproof composite layer 8 installed above the inner fireproof composite layer 7 by dovetail screws. The top end of the fixed fireproof composite layer 8 contacts the top surface of the connecting fixing plate, and the inner wall closely adheres to the connecting fixing plate and is installed around and wrapped on the connecting fixing plate; the fixed fireproof composite layer 8 and the inner fireproof composite layer 7 are installed in a non-connected and contact manner inside the outer fireproof composite layer 9. As Figure 7 shown, such a discontinuous structure makes the inner fireproof composite layer 7 not be torn or faulted due to deformation and pulling when the deformation displacement reaches L40 cm, and after reset, it can be restored to the structure in the normal state in time; when installing the outer fireproof composite layer 9, the upper section is fixed on the top surface of the upper connecting fixing plate 5 by countersunk head screws, and the lower section naturally hangs along the inner fireproof composite layer 7, and then steel wire ropes 13 are tied and fixed at the upper and lower ends on the outside. A forming pressing plate can be added at the position of the countersunk head screws installed between the inner and outer fireproof composite layers and the pier 1 for pressing and fixing.

[0032] Preferably, on the surfaces of the relative positions where the inner and outer fireproof composite layers overlap and contact each other, flexible connecting parts that are adaptively connected are respectively attached; such as connecting parts such as lap fasteners and Velcro, to realize the inner side connection between the inner and outer fireproof composite layers and avoid gaps during the earthquake displacement process.

[0033] Example 2: On the basis of the solution in Example 1, as Figure 8 、 Figure 9 shown, the structure between the inner and outer fireproof composite layers is improved, and the inner and outer fireproof composite layers are integrally connected, and are connected to each other through an extended section formed by a folding or bending structure between the inner and outer fireproof composite layers.

[0034] The inner fireproof composite layer 7 and the outer fireproof composite layer 9 are of an integral structure, and after installing the fixed fireproof composite layer 8, they are installed synchronously: the inner fireproof composite layer 7 is attached to the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4 upward along the lower surface and the side surface of the lower connecting fixing plate 6 until it contacts the fixed fireproof composite layer 8, then bends and extends until the bottom and then bends upward to form the outermost outer fireproof composite layer 9. The top of the outer fireproof composite layer 9 is fixed on the upper connecting fixing plate 5, so that the inner fireproof composite layer 7 and the outer fireproof composite layer 9 are arranged in an overall middle-section folded and stacked manner;

[0035] In this embodiment: The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are independently arranged as two layers inside and outside, and are nested and installed in a staggered or partially or wholly overlapping manner, and the height of the outer fireproof composite layer 9 is greater than that of the inner fireproof composite layer 7, and it is bent upward from the bottom to be distributed in an S shape; that is, the inner and outer fireproof composite layers are substantially a complete fireproof composite layer structure. During installation, the upper section is first installed and fixed on the upper connecting fixing plate 5 and the upper pier 1 with countersunk bolts. The inner side is closely attached to the thickened fixed fireproof composite layer 8 and extends downward. After reaching the bottom end, it is folded inward and upward and then extends upward. After touching the fixed fireproof composite layer 8, it continues to be folded inward and downward for the second time and tightly adheres to the connecting fixing plate and extends downward, and then turns outward from the bottom end and adheres to the lower connecting fixing plate 6 and turns outward, and is fixed on the lower connecting fixing plate 6 and the lower pier 1. The inner part is the S-shaped bending distribution; the upper and lower ends on the outer side are tied with steel wires 13. The bent part can, during the large deformation process, extend the fireproof composite layer according to the direction and degree of the deformation displacement, avoiding tearing and damage.

[0036] Embodiment 3: On the basis of Embodiment 1, the structure between the inner and outer fireproof composite layers is improved. The relative height of the outer fireproof composite layer 9 is greater than the height of the inner fireproof composite layer 7, and it is bent upward at least twice at the bottom of the outer fireproof composite layer 9 and then distributed in a downward hanging manner, so that the lower half of the outer fireproof composite layer 9 is arranged in an S-shaped multi-layer folding manner. Such a structure enables the outer fireproof composite layer 9 to extend the fireproof composite layer according to the direction and degree of the deformation displacement during the large deformation process, avoiding tearing and damage, while the inner fireproof composite layer 7 still provides complete protection for the isolation rubber bearing 2.

[0037] Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 1, as Figure 12 , 13 , as shown in 14, at the lower end of the upper connecting fixing plate 5 and the upper end of the lower connecting fixing plate 6, there is a section of installation groove 14 that is folded inward toward the flange plate. An aerogel felt 12 arranged around the flange plate is placed and installed in the installation groove 14. The installation groove 14 and the connecting fixing plate are designed as an integral structure, or the installation groove 14 is fixedly installed on the connecting fixing plate. Such a structure avoids the direct connection structure of using metal fasteners to penetrate the aerogel felt 12 and fix it on the flange plate, ensures the overall integrity of the aerogel felt 12, avoids heat sources from being introduced into the internal flange plate through the connecting parts, and further effectively improves the fireproof performance of the aerogel felt 12 for the internal structure. It cleverly solves the installation difficulty of firmly installing the aerogel felt 12 without displacement while not penetrating and damaging the aerogel felt 12, and improves the fireproof performance.

[0038] As Figure 12 , Figure 13As shown, or the installation groove 14 is directly installed on the side wall of the flange plate 3; the upper connecting fixing plate 5 and the lower connecting fixing plate 6 are L-shaped in cross-section, and the outer edges are integrally wrapped by the inner fireproof composite layer 7 or the outer fireproof composite layer 9 against the inner wall of the pier without being exposed outside; or the outer edges are replaced by the inner edges and installed on the inner wall of the pier on the side where the flange plate 3 is located.

[0039] Secondly, at the connecting edges of the inner fireproof composite layer 7, the outer fireproof composite layer 9, the lower pier and the upper pier, an outer-edge fireproof layer 15 with an L-shaped cross-section is installed around and wrapped along the corner edge of the pier, and a metal outer cover 16 is installed and fixed on the outer side of the outer-edge fireproof layer 15 along the longitudinal and horizontal planes. Such a structure realizes the edge protection of the inner and outer fireproof composite layers, improves the reinforcement effect, and prevents the loosening and falling off that may occur after long-term placement. On the other hand, it also improves the appearance cleanliness and integrity perception of the whole product.

[0040] Example 5:

[0041] A construction process of a fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing:

[0042] Step S1: Fill the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4 around the seismic isolation rubber bearing 2;

[0043] Step S2: Install the aerogel felt 12 with the corresponding height at the inner side surfaces of the upper and lower connecting fixing plates at the positions opposite to the upper flange plate 3 and the lower flange plate 3, then install the upper and lower connecting fixing plates on the upper pier 1 and the lower pier 1 respectively, and connect and fix the upper and lower connecting fixing plates with the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4;

[0044] Step S3: A fixed fireproof composite layer 8 is installed at the top corner of the upper connecting fixing plate 5. The upper end of the fixed fireproof composite layer 8 is in surface contact with the top surface of the upper connecting fixing plate 5, and the inner side surface is closely attached to the upper connecting fixing plate 5;

[0045] Step S4: At the lower end of the fixed fireproof composite layer 8, the inner fireproof composite layer 7 is installed along the surface of the lower connecting fixing plate 6, so that the top of the inner fireproof composite layer 7 is in contact with the bottom end of the fixed fireproof composite layer 8, and the fixed fireproof composite layer 8 and the inner fireproof composite layer 7 wrap the whole seismic isolation rubber bearing 2 and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material 4;

[0046] Step S5: The outer fireproof composite layer 9 is installed along the top surface and the side surface of the upper connecting fixing plate 5, so that the outer fireproof composite layer 9 wraps the fixed fireproof composite layer 8 and the inner fireproof composite layer 7;

[0047] Step S6: At least one loop of steel wire rope 13 is tied and fixed at the upper and lower ends on the outer side of the outer fireproof composite layer 9.

[0048] It should be understood that the above specific embodiments of the present invention are only for illustrative explanation or interpretation of the principles of the present invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention. In addition, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to cover all variations and modifications that fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing, comprising a seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) installed between upper and lower piers (1). Flange plates (3) are installed at the upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2). A flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material (4) is wrapped around the outer layer of the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) between the flange plates (3). Characterized in that, A highly ductile fire protection structure layer is further installed on the periphery of the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material. The highly ductile fire protection structure layer includes: Connecting fixed plates, which are divided into an upper connecting fixed plate (5) and a lower connecting fixed plate (6). They are respectively installed on the inner walls of the upper and lower piers and extend in a attached manner along the inner wall surface towards the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) to the outer surface of the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material; The inner fireproof composite layer (7) and the outer fireproof composite layer (9) are independently arranged in two layers inside and outside and are nested and installed with each other in a staggered or partially or wholly overlapped manner; The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are arranged in at least two layers and sequentially wrap the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material (4) from the inside to the outside; The inner fireproof composite layer (7) is installed in a structure with an L-shaped cross-section around the lower connecting fixed plate (6) and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material, and the outer fireproof composite layer (9) is installed in a structure with an L-shaped cross-section around the upper connecting fixed plate (5); The upper connecting fixed plate (5) and the lower connecting fixed plate (6) have an L-shaped cross-section.

2. A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing, comprising a seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) installed between upper and lower piers (1). Flange plates (3) are installed at the upper and lower ends of the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2). A flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material (4) is wrapped around the outer layer of the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) between the flange plates (3). Characterized in that, A highly ductile fire protection structure layer is further installed on the periphery of the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material; The highly ductile fire protection structure layer includes: Connecting fixed plates, which are divided into an upper connecting fixed plate (5) and a lower connecting fixed plate (6). They are respectively installed on the inner walls of the upper and lower piers and extend in a attached manner along the inner wall surface towards the seismic isolation rubber bearing (2) to the outer surface of the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material; A ductile fireproof and heat-insulating layer, including an inner fireproof composite layer (7) and an outer fireproof composite layer (9); The inner and outer fireproof composite layers are integrally connected, and extension sections formed by folding or bending structures are connected between the inner and outer fireproof composite layers; The inner fireproof composite layer (7) and the outer fireproof composite layer (9) are of an integral structure and are installed synchronously after the fireproof composite layer (8) is installed and fixed: The inner fireproof composite layer (7) is attached upward along the lower surface and the side surface of the lower connecting fixing plate (6) to install the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating material (4) until it contacts the fixed fireproof composite layer (8), then bends and extends until the bottom and then bends upward to form the outermost outer fireproof composite layer (9). The top of the outer fireproof composite layer (9) is fixed on the upper connecting fixing plate (5), so that the inner fireproof composite layer (7) and the outer fireproof composite layer (9) are arranged in a folded stack in the middle section as a whole; The top end of the fixed fireproof composite layer (8) contacts the top surface of the upper connecting fixing plate, and the inner wall closely adheres to the upper connecting fixing plate and is installed around and wrapped on the upper connecting fixing plate.

3. A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing according to claim 1, wherein there is also a section of fixed fireproof composite layer (8) above the inner fireproof composite layer (7). The top end of the fixed fireproof composite layer (8) contacts the top surface of the upper connecting fixing plate, and the inner wall closely adheres to the connecting fixing plate and is installed around and wrapped on the connecting fixing plate; The fixed fireproof composite layer (8) and the inner fireproof composite layer (7) are installed in the outer fireproof composite layer (9) in a non-connected and separated contact manner; Flexible connecting components (11) are respectively attached and connected on the surfaces of the relatively contacting positions where the inner and outer fireproof composite layers overlap and contact each other.

4. A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing according to claim 1, further comprising aerogel felt (12). The aerogel felt (12) is wrapped and bonded along the outer surfaces of the upper and lower flange plates (3) and is embedded between the flange plate (3) and the connecting fixing plate; Steel wires (13) are provided at the upper and lower ends on the outer side of the outer fireproof composite layer (9) for bundling and fixing at least one turn.

5. A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing according to claim 1, The outer edges of the upper connecting fixing plate (5) and the lower connecting fixing plate (6) are integrally wrapped by the inner fireproof composite layer (7) or the outer fireproof composite layer (9) closely against the inner wall of the pier and are not exposed outside; At the lower end of the upper connecting fixing plate (5) and the upper end of the lower connecting fixing plate (6), there is a section of installation groove (14) that is folded inward towards the flange plate. The aerogel felt (12) arranged around the flange plate is placed and installed in the installation groove (14), and the installation groove (14) and the connecting fixing plate are designed as an integral structure.

6. A fire protection structure for a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing according to claim 1 or 5. At the connecting edges of the inner fireproof composite layer (7), the outer fireproof composite layer (9) and the lower pier and the upper pier, an outer edge fireproof layer (15) with an L-shaped cross-section is wrapped and installed around the corner edge of the pier, and a metal outer cover (16) is installed and fixed on the outer side of the outer edge fireproof layer (15) along the longitudinal and horizontal planes.

7. A construction process for a fire protection structure of a highly ductile seismic isolation rubber bearing, Characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step S1: Fill flexible fireproof and heat-insulating materials around the seismic isolation rubber bearing; Step S2: Install aerogel felts with corresponding heights at positions on the inner sides of the upper and lower connecting fixing plates opposite to the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate. Then, install the upper and lower connecting fixing plates on the upper pier and the lower pier respectively, and connect and fix the upper and lower connecting fixing plates to the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating materials; Step S3: A fixed fireproof composite layer is installed at the inner corner top of the upper connecting fixing plate. The upper end of the fixed fireproof composite layer is in surface contact with the top surface of the upper connecting fixing plate, and the inner side is closely attached to the upper connecting fixing plate; Step S4: At the lower end of the fixed fireproof composite layer, an inner fireproof composite layer is installed along the surface of the lower connecting fixing plate, so that the top of the inner fireproof composite layer is in contact with the bottom end of the fixed fireproof composite layer, and the fixed fireproof composite layer and the inner fireproof composite layer wrap the entire seismic isolation rubber bearing and the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating materials; Step S5: An outer fireproof composite layer is installed along the top surface and the side surface of the upper connecting fixing plate, so that the outer fireproof composite layer wraps the fixed fireproof composite layer and the inner fireproof composite layer; Step S6: At least one loop of steel wire ropes is tied at the upper and lower ends on the outer side of the outer fireproof composite layer for fixation.

8. According to the construction process described in claim 7, it is characterized in that: The steps S4 and S5 are replaced by the following process: The inner fireproof composite layer and the outer fireproof composite layer are of an integral structure and are installed synchronously after installing the fixed fireproof composite layer: The inner fireproof composite layer is attached upward along the lower surface and the side surface of the lower connecting fixing plate to the flexible fireproof and heat-insulating materials until it contacts the fixed fireproof composite layer, then bends and extends until the bottom and then bends and extends upward to form the outermost outer fireproof composite layer. The top of the outer fireproof composite layer is fixed on the upper connecting fixing plate, so that the inner fireproof composite layer and the outer fireproof composite layer are arranged in an overall middle-section folded stack.

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