A chain connection structure for connecting a loading plate, a device and method for adapting to eccentric loading of segment

Abstract

The present application discloses a chain connection structure for connecting a loading plate. The chain connection structure includes a chain, and adjustment studs are respectively hinged at both ends of the chain. External threads are provided on the adjustment studs, and a common nut and a safety nut are sequentially screwed into the external threads and are in contact with each other. A disc spring assembly is further sleeved between the common nut and the end of the chain. Also disclosed is a device adapted to eccentric loading of segments, which includes three loading plates, and two adjacent loading plates are connected by the above-mentioned chain connection structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of underground tunnel engineering in rail transit construction, and particularly relates to a chain connection structure for connecting loading plates, a device and method for adapting to eccentric loading of segments. Background Art

[0002] During the construction and operation of the subway, under the influence of external factors such as peripheral unloading and ground surcharge of the shield tunnel segments, the structure will produce large convergence deformations, which will in turn lead to problems such as segment leakage, cracking and concrete peeling.

[0003] In the full-scale tests on the reinforcement effect of existing shield tunnel segments, the tests mainly focus on single-ring tests and symmetric loading. In single-ring tests, the interaction forces between segment rings are often ignored, and the influence of the transfer of axial force, bending moment and shear force between segments on the reinforced shield tunnel segments is not considered. It is impossible to study aspects such as bolt strain, stress concentration and stress yield between rings, and there is a large difference from the actual working conditions. Moreover, it is impossible to study the influence of the two assembly methods of circumferential joint assembly and staggered joint assembly on the reinforcement effect. In the actual working conditions of ground surcharge and peripheral unloading, the shield tunnel segments are often subjected to eccentric loads, so a three-ring full-scale eccentric loading test is adopted. In the existing test loading devices, there is no connection between the upper and lower loading plates and between the loading plates and the hydraulic devices. As a result, each loading plate requires a small hoist, and these small hoists will interfere with each other, making it impossible to ensure that the upper and lower loading plates are in the same vertical plane. There are disadvantages such as cumbersome operation, lack of simplicity, and being not conducive to conducting experiments, which greatly affect the loading test, and these loading plates cannot be used as the main test devices in full-scale experiments.

[0004] In summary, in the full-scale tests on the mechanical properties of the reinforced shield segments in existing research, there are more or less large discrepancies with the actual situation, with certain limitations and lack of flexibility, and it is urgent to solve the problems through improved technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of this application is to provide a chain connection structure for connecting loading plates, a device and method for adapting to eccentric loading of segments, so as to solve the problem of interference between small hoists in related technologies.

[0006] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of this application, a chain connection structure for connecting loading plates is provided. The chain connection structure includes a chain, and adjustment studs are respectively hinged at both ends of the chain. External threads are provided on the adjustment studs, and a normal nut and a safety nut are sequentially screwed into the external threads and are in contact with each other. A disc spring assembly is also sleeved between the normal nut and the end of the chain.

[0007] Further, the disc spring assembly is formed by stacking a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing upward and a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing downward.

[0008] Further, transfer plates are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the loading plate.

[0009] Further, stud holes are provided on the transfer plates.

[0010] Further, after the adjusting stud passes through the stud holes, both ends of the disc spring assembly are respectively abutted against the ordinary nut and the transfer plate.

[0011] Further, the safety nut and the ordinary nut have a travel range of up to 5 cm that can move upward on the adjusting stud.

[0012] Further, the chain adopts an LH1044 plate chain.

[0013] According to the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a device for adapting to eccentric loading of segment linings is provided, including three loading plates, and two adjacent loading plates are connected by the chain connection structure described in the first aspect.

[0014] Further, transfer plates are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the loading plate, stud holes are provided on the transfer plates, and after the adjusting stud passes through the stud holes, both ends of the disc spring assembly are respectively abutted against the ordinary nut and the transfer plate.

[0015] According to the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a test method for a device for adapting to eccentric loading of segment linings is provided, including the following steps:

[0016] 1) Step 1: Use a large hoist to lift the uppermost loading plate to make it close to the hydraulic device;

[0017] 2) Step 2: When the loading cylinder does not apply load, at this time, the disc springs do not deform. During initial loading, through the deformation of these disc springs, there is elastic expansion and contraction in the vertical direction.

[0018] 3) Step 3: Continue loading. When the friction between the loading plate and the segment lining supports the loading plate, move the ordinary nut and the safety nut upward to ensure sufficient movement range of the loading plate;

[0019] 4) Step 4: Load until the segment lining of the shield tunnel is damaged. The three loading plates are on the same vertical plane, and reduce the load applied by the hydraulic device;

[0020] 5) Step 5: Complete the test.

[0021] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application may include the following beneficial effects:

[0022] As can be seen from the above embodiments, in the connection structure of the present application, on both the left and right sides of the loading plate, the loading plates are fixedly connected. The two sides of the loading plate are provided with stud holes. After the adjusting stud passes through the stud holes, the two ends of the disc spring assembly respectively abut against the ordinary nut and the adapter plate, and elastic deformation can be achieved through elastic expansion and contraction. At the same time, a safety nut is used to prevent the ordinary nut from slipping, with flexible design and high safety. Further, the disc spring assembly is composed of a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing upward and a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing downward stacked together, and the safety nut and the ordinary nut have a travel range of up to 5 cm upward on the adjusting column to achieve mutual dislocation between the loading plates.

[0023] In the chain system of the present application, only one large hoist is needed to lift three loading plates on the same vertical plane. Compared with the traditional loading device where each loading plate requires a small hoist, the small hoists at the same angle will interfere with each other, affecting the accuracy of the test. This device overcomes the original problem with the chain system, enabling each loading head to be loaded normally, reducing the number of lifting rings, saving space, and having high reliability.

[0024] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The drawings here are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present application.

[0026] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chain connection structure for connecting loading plates shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0027] Figure 2 is a top view of a disc spring in a chain connection structure for connecting loading plates shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0028] Figure 3 is a front view of a disc spring with a concave surface facing downward in a chain connection structure for connecting loading plates shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0029] Figure 4 is a front view of a disc spring with a concave surface facing upward in a chain connection structure for connecting loading plates shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0030] Figure 5 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a device for adapting to eccentric loading of segment shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0031] Figure 6 is a side view structural schematic diagram of a device for adapting to eccentric loading of segment shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a top view structural schematic diagram of a device for adapting to eccentric loading of segment linings shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0033] Description of reference numerals: Loading plate 1, Adjusting stud 2, Adapter plate 3, Disc spring assembly 4, Chain 5, Safety nut 6, Ordinary nut 7, Stud hole 8. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all implementation manners consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0035] The terms used in the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "the", and "said" used in the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0036] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in the present application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when" or "while" or "in response to determining".

[0037] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a chain connection structure for connecting a loading plate shown according to an exemplary embodiment. This embodiment provides a chain connection structure for connecting a loading plate. The chain connection structure includes a chain 5. At both ends of the chain 5, an adjusting stud 2 is respectively hinged. The adjusting stud 2 has an external thread. The ordinary nut 7 and the safety nut 6 are sequentially screwed into the external thread and are in contact with each other. A disc spring assembly 4 is also sleeved between the ordinary nut 7 and the end of the chain 5. This chain structure can not only solve the problem of mutual interference of small hoists, but also connect the loading plates so that the upper and lower loading plates are kept in the same vertical plane.

[0038] In the embodiment of the present application, the disc spring assembly 4 is formed by stacking a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing upward and a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing downward. The disc spring assembly 4 is an arch-shaped structure. When not loaded, the disc spring assembly 4 does not deform. When initially loaded, through the deformation of the disc spring assembly 4, there is an elastic expansion and contraction of 16 millimeters in the vertical direction.

[0039] In the embodiment of the present application, transfer plates 3 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the loading plate 1. The loading plates 1 can be connected by a chain 5 without affecting the loading of the shield tunnel segment by the loading plate 1.

[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, stud holes 8 are provided on the transfer plate 3. Each adjusting stud 2 is slightly smaller than the stud hole 7, ensuring that the adjusting stud 2 can freely slide up and down during loading to adapt to the deformation and offset of the shield tunnel segment.

[0041] In the embodiment of the present application, after the adjusting stud 2 passes through the stud hole 8, both ends of the disc spring assembly 4 are respectively abutted against the ordinary nut 7 and the transfer plate 3. There is a safety nut 6 on each adjusting stud 2, which can prevent the ordinary nut from slipping and falling off, ensuring the normal progress of the test.

[0042] In the embodiment of the present application, the safety nut 6 and the ordinary nut 7 have a stroke range of 5 centimeters upward on the adjusting stud 2. So that there is sufficient movement range between the loading plates 1, facilitating sufficient offset deformation between the upper and lower loading plates 1.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present application, the chain 5 adopts an LH1044 plate chain. The pin diameter is 5.94 millimeters, the pitch is 15.875 millimeters, the height of the chain link is 15 millimeters, the length of the pin is 22.78 millimeters, the thickness of the chain link is 2.42 millimeters, the weight per meter is 1.8 kilograms, and the weight it can bear is 2.11 tons. The chain 5 can rotate, but cannot be elongated or compressed.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a device for adapting to eccentric loading of segments, including three loading plates 1. Two adjacent loading plates 1 are connected by the above-mentioned chain connection structure. A large hoist can lift the loading plates 1 at the same angle, and these loading plates 1 are all connected by a chain 5. When not loaded, it can ensure that the loading plates 1 at the same angle are on the same vertical plane, enabling the force transmitted by the hydraulic device to be smoothly applied to the shield tunnel segment, making the force on the segment more uniform. This device is more flexible and has a wide application range.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, transfer plates 3 are fixedly connected to both the left and right sides of the loading plate 1. The transfer plates 3 are provided with stud holes 8. After the adjusting studs 2 pass through the stud holes 8, both ends of the disc spring assembly 4 are respectively abutted against the ordinary nut 7 and the transfer plate 3. This not only facilitates the placement of the chain system, but also facilitates restricting the displacement range of the loading plate through the position of the ordinary nut.

[0046] This embodiment also provides a test method for a device adapted to eccentric loading of segments, including the following steps:

[0047] 1) Step 1: Use a large hoist to lift the uppermost loading plate 1 to make it close to the hydraulic device;

[0048] 2) Step 2: When the loading cylinder does not apply load, at this time, the disc spring 4 is not deformed. During initial loading, through the deformation of this disc spring 4, there is elastic expansion and contraction in the vertical direction;

[0049] 3) Step 3: Continue loading. When the friction force between the loading plate 1 and the segment supports the loading plate 1, move the ordinary nut 6 and the safety nut 7 upward to ensure that the loading plate has sufficient movement range;

[0050] 4) Step 4: Load until the shield tunnel segment is damaged. The three loading plates are on the same vertical plane, and reduce the load applied by the hydraulic device;

[0051] 5) Step 5: Complete the test. The positions of the ordinary nut 6, the hoist, and the loading plate 1 can be restored according to the design requirements, and acceptance can be carried out under relevant regulations. Finally, take out the shield segment.

[0052] Those skilled in the art will readily think of other implementation schemes of the present application after considering the specification and the disclosure here. The present application aims to cover any variations, uses, or adaptable changes of the present application, and these variations, uses, or adaptable changes follow the general principles of the present application and include common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed in the present application. The specification and the embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present application are pointed out by the following claims.

[0053] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the exact structure already described and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present application is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A test method for a device adapted to eccentric loading of segment linings, characterized in that, The described device adapted to eccentric loading of segment rings is characterized in that it includes three loading plates. Two adjacent loading plates are connected by a chain connection structure. On both the left and right sides of each loading plate, there are fixedly connected adapter plates, and the adapter plates are provided with stud holes. After an adjusting stud passes through the stud holes, both ends of a disc spring assembly are respectively abutted against a regular nut and the adapter plate. The chain connection structure includes a chain. At both ends of the chain, there is respectively hinged an adjusting stud. The adjusting stud is provided with external threads, and a regular nut and a safety nut are successively screwed onto the external threads and are abutted against each other. A disc spring assembly is also sleeved between the regular nut and the end of the chain. Among them, the safety nut and the regular nut have a travel range of moving up by five centimeters on the adjusting stud. The disc spring assembly is composed of a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing upward and a plurality of disc springs with concave surfaces facing downward stacked together. The chain adopts an LH1044 plate chain. On both the left and right sides of each loading plate, there are fixedly connected adapter plates, and the adapter plates are provided with stud holes. The method includes the following steps: 1) Step one: Use a large hoist to lift the uppermost loading plate to make it close to the hydraulic device. 2) Step two: When the loading cylinder does not apply load, at this time, the disc springs do not deform. During initial loading, through the deformation of these disc springs, there is elastic expansion and contraction in the vertical direction. 3) Step three: Continue loading. When the friction force between the loading plate and the segment ring supports the loading plate, move the regular nut and the safety nut upward to ensure that the loading plate has sufficient movement range. 4) Step four: Load until the segment rings of the shield tunnel are damaged. The three loading plates are on the same vertical plane, and reduce the load applied by the hydraulic device. 5) Step five: Complete the test.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein After the adjusting stud passes through the stud holes, both ends of the disc spring assembly are respectively abutted against the regular nut and the adapter plate.

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