Aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device and preparation method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an anode conductive device used in aluminum electrolysis and a steel-aluminum connector and a connector assembly used for the device. The aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention comprises: an aluminum rectangular cross-section guide rod, an anode steel claw composed of a steel claw crossbeam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw crossbeam, and a steel-aluminum connector for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam. The upper surface of the steel claw crossbeam is welded and fixed with the lower end surfaces of the steel rods of the two steel-aluminum connectors by full-section, and the interval between the two steel-aluminum connectors is equal to or slightly larger than the distance between the two opposite sides of the aluminum guide rod with a rectangular cross-section; the two opposite surfaces of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod are respectively welded and fixed to the aluminum rod on the upper part of a steel-aluminum connector. The device of the present invention has the best conductive effect and can simplify processing. According to calculations, the use of the conductive device of the present invention can save 39 degrees of electricity per ton of aluminum production, and its operating life is much better than the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an anode conductive device used in aluminum electrolysis and a steel-aluminum connector and a connector assembly used for the device. Background Art

[0002] The anode conductive device currently used in the electrolytic aluminum industry is composed of an upper aluminum guide rod and a lower steel anode claw. Steel and aluminum cannot be directly welded, and the two are connected by an explosive welding block. The explosive welding block uses explosive welding technology to weld two different materials, steel and aluminum, together. When making the anode conductive device, the aluminum part of the explosive welding block is welded to the upper aluminum guide rod part of the anode conductive device by argon arc welding, and the steel connector of the explosive welding block is welded to the lower anode steel claw crossbeam flat steel of the anode conductive device by gas shielded welding. The connection method is the attachment of Chinese patent application 2010100007746. Figure 1 The disclosed content does not set up a reinforcing device structure. The existing anode conductive device forms aluminum-aluminum welding, aluminum-steel explosion welding, and steel-steel welding between the bottom of the aluminum guide rod and the top of the anode steel claw crossbeam flat steel. In the prior art, except for aluminum-steel explosion welding which is full-section welding, aluminum-aluminum welding and steel-steel welding can only achieve groove ring welding under the prior art, and the parts outside the ring weld can only be in contact with each other, so their conductivity is poor. The cold voltage drop test data of the bottom of the anode steel claw aluminum guide rod and the top of the steel claw crossbeam made by connecting the explosion welding block in the prior art are as follows: load current 99.8A, cold voltage drop 0.3mV, cold resistance 3.5u ohms, this part of the voltage drop belongs to the reactive voltage in the electrolytic aluminum production, which reduces the current efficiency.

[0003] In the existing anode conductive device using explosive welding blocks, the explosive welding blocks and the steel claw crossbeam are connected by groove ring welding. In the ring welding structure, only the welding part has good conductivity due to metallurgical connection, and the parts outside the ring welding seam can only contact each other, and its conductivity is obviously inferior to that of the welding seam. This may be the main factor causing the excessive voltage drop.

[0004] On the other hand, during the aluminum electrolysis production process, the steel-aluminum joint of the explosive weld block not only bears the gravity load during the electrolysis operation, but also conducts the large current during the electrolysis. Therefore, the steel-aluminum joint of the explosive weld block will expand due to the operating temperature. The thermal expansion coefficients of steel and aluminum are different. According to the test, the thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum is about twice the expansion coefficient of steel at the same temperature. Therefore, during the electrolysis operation, the steel-aluminum joint of the explosive weld block generates shear force due to the different expansion coefficients of steel and aluminum, causing partial cracking of the aluminum-steel welding surface. The cracking of the aluminum-steel welding surface reduces the bearing area and the conductive area, and at the same time greatly increases the resistance and voltage drop at the aluminum-steel welding surface, which will further increase the temperature rise at the corresponding position. When the crack failure area reaches the corresponding proportion, the aluminum-steel welding surface may break under the weight of the carbon block and steel claw, or the aluminum-steel welding surface may be burned due to excessive heat due to excessive resistance, resulting in failure. This is the main reason for the failure of the conductive device in the current aluminum electrolysis operation.

[0005] In order to solve the problems existing in the anode conductive device of aluminum electrolysis, Chinese invention patent application 2019102544915 discloses a method for preparing an improved anode conductive device, and at the same time provides an anode conductive device that can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art. Its technical solution is: the aluminum guide rod and the steel connecting block are fully welded together, and then a section of external thread is made on the outer edge of a part of the welding seam between the aluminum guide rod and the connecting block and the outer edge of the connecting block, and the external thread is combined with the internal thread of a section of steel sleeve, and the lower end of the steel sleeve is flush with the outer end of the connecting block, and then the outer end of the connecting block is fully welded together with the lower end of the steel sleeve and the upper surface of the steel claw beam. And an anode conductive device is manufactured by this manufacturing method. At the same time, a special steel-aluminum connecting block for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam is also provided, and this steel-aluminum connecting block comprises: a steel-aluminum connecting assembly and a steel sleeve matched therewith, wherein the steel-aluminum connecting assembly consists of a section of aluminum rod and a section of steel connecting piece connected to the entire section of the aluminum rod, and the outer edge of the steel-aluminum connecting block assembly is provided with an external thread, the external thread is connected to the internal thread of the steel sleeve, and the lower end of the steel sleeve is approximately flush with the lower end of the steel connecting piece of the steel-aluminum connecting assembly; or, this steel-aluminum connecting block for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam comprises: a steel-aluminum connecting assembly and a steel sleeve matched therewith, wherein the steel-aluminum connecting assembly consists of a section of aluminum rod and a section of steel connecting piece connected to the entire section of the aluminum rod, the outer edge of the steel-aluminum connecting block assembly is provided with an external thread, the external thread is connected to the internal thread of the steel sleeve, and the lower end of the steel sleeve is approximately flush with the lower end of the steel connecting piece of the steel-aluminum connecting assembly, and the upper end of the aluminum rod connected by the steel-aluminum connection is fully connected to an aluminum plate. In specific applications, the aluminum guide rod can be connected to the steel-aluminum connecting block to form an aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device. The full-section welding described in this technical solution adopts friction welding.

[0006] Through research and testing, it was found that during the manufacturing process of the special steel-aluminum connection block used to connect the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam in 201910254491, during friction welding, the welding quality of the central part of about 5% to 10% of the area was relatively low, which not only caused the insufficient bonding strength, but also caused the difficulty of conducting electricity in this part of the position in the later operation, resulting in excessive conductive voltage drop. This problem can be solved by increasing the area of ​​the steel-aluminum connection assembly, but it requires the use of larger friction welding equipment. In addition, research and testing also found that in the technical solution of 201910254491, steel parts are the main conductive path, which also increases its reactive conductive voltage drop. Summary of the invention

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device which can overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, can further reduce the reactive voltage drop compared with the prior art, and has a relatively lower manufacturing cost. Another object of the present invention is to provide a steel-aluminum connector and a connecting assembly that can be used for the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device.

[0008] The present invention discloses an aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device, comprising: an aluminum rectangular cross-section guide rod, an anode steel claw composed of a steel claw crossbeam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw crossbeam, and a steel-aluminum connector for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam. The steel-aluminum connector of the present invention comprises an aluminum rod with a circular cross-section and an external thread arranged at its lower end, a steel rod with an external thread arranged outside and the upper end face with the external thread portion being welded and fixed to the lower end face of the aluminum rod through a full section, and a steel sleeve with an internal thread connected and matched with the external threads of the steel rod and the aluminum rod, and the portion of the steel rod located outside the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the lower end of the steel sleeve; the upper surface of the steel claw crossbeam is welded and fixed to the lower end faces of the steel rods of the two steel-aluminum connectors through a full section, and the interval between the two steel-aluminum connectors is equal to or slightly larger than the distance between the two opposite faces of the aluminum guide rod with a rectangular cross-section; the two opposite faces of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod are respectively welded and fixed to the aluminum rod at the upper part of a steel-aluminum connector.

[0009] At present, aluminum electrolysis enterprises are still using another H-shaped double-row anode conductive device with six conductive claws. The present invention is aimed at the anode conductive device used by such enterprises, which includes: an aluminum rectangular cross-section guide rod, an anode steel claw composed of an H-shaped steel claw cross beam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw cross beam, and a steel-aluminum connecting piece for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw cross beam. The steel-aluminum connecting piece described in the present invention comprises an aluminum rod with a circular cross-section and an external thread on its lower end, a steel rod with an external thread on its outside and the upper end face with the external thread portion being welded and fixed to the lower end face of the aluminum rod through the entire section, and a steel sleeve with an internal thread connected to the external threads of the steel rod and the aluminum rod, and the portion of the steel rod located outside the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the lower end of the steel sleeve; the lower end faces of the steel rods of the two steel-aluminum connecting pieces are welded and fixed to the upper side of the steel claw crossbeam through the entire section, and the interval between the two steel-aluminum connecting pieces is equal to or slightly larger than the distance between the two opposite faces of the aluminum guide rod with a rectangular cross-section; the two opposite faces of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod are respectively welded and fixed to the aluminum rod on the upper part of a steel-aluminum connecting piece.

[0010] The distance between the two opposite surfaces of the aluminum guide rod described in the above content can be the distance between the opposite sides naturally formed by the rectangular aluminum guide rod, or it can be the distance between the two opposite surfaces formed after the local position of the anode guide rod welding is appropriately deformed, for example, the distance between the opposite surfaces formed after the welding part of the aluminum anode guide rod is forged or roughened for ease of use.

[0011] Preferably, in the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention, the connection line of the two steel-aluminum connectors is substantially parallel to the length direction of the steel claw crossbeam or the middle web of the crossbeam (i.e., the portion in the middle of the two parallel side portions in the H-shaped beam). In specific implementation, the welding position of the steel-aluminum connector on the steel claw crossbeam should be as close as possible to the position of the closest conductive claw under the crossbeam. For example, for a single-row four-claw conductive device, the welding position should be as close as possible to the corresponding position of the middle two conductive claws of the four conductive claws; and for a double-row six-claw conductive device, the welding position should be as close as possible to the corresponding position of the conductive claw in the middle of each row. This structure of the present invention can make the distance between the steel-aluminum connector and the conductive claw the shortest, greatly shorten the conductive path, and minimize the conductive voltage drop.

[0012] More preferably, in the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention, there is a gap of 3 to 10 mm between the lower end face of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector and the lower end face of the steel sleeve. Since the portion of the steel rod in the steel-aluminum connector of the present invention that is located outside the lower end face of the steel sleeve needs to be welded to the lower end of the steel sleeve, if the lower end face of the steel sleeve is flush with the lower end face of the steel rod, the welded area will be uneven after welding, which will affect the welding operation to be performed later, especially the friction welding operation. In the present invention, a gap of 3 to 10 mm is left between the lower end face of the steel rod and the lower end face of the steel sleeve. When performing the welding operation between the lower end face of the steel sleeve and the steel rod, the lower end face of the steel sleeve and the outer wall of the portion of the steel rod extending out of the steel sleeve can be directly welded. After welding, the flat lower end face of the steel rod is directly retained, and the reprocessing operation after welding is omitted, which directly provides convenience for the subsequent welding operation.

[0013] The manufacturing method of the anode conductive device for aluminum electrolysis mentioned above in the present invention is: an aluminum rod and a steel rod are fully welded to obtain a connecting assembly, and then the connecting assembly is cut off the excess parts of the aluminum rod end and the steel rod end according to the determined length requirements, an external thread is prepared outside the connecting assembly from the steel rod end to the appropriate position of the aluminum rod, and an internal thread that can be connected and matched with the external thread of the connecting assembly is made on the steel sleeve, the steel sleeve is screwed onto the connecting assembly, and the lower end surface of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the steel rod of the connecting assembly to obtain a steel-aluminum connecting part, and the lower ends of the steel rods of two steel-aluminum connecting parts with a spacing equal to or slightly greater than the side length of the rectangular aluminum guide rod are welded on the steel claw crossbeam by full-section welding, the aluminum guide rod is inserted between the two steel-aluminum connecting parts, and the two opposite surfaces of the rectangular aluminum guide rod are welded to the outer circle of the aluminum rod on the steel-aluminum connecting part to finally obtain the anode conductive device of the present invention.

[0014] The full-section welding described in the present invention and the full-section welding described below all refer to the complete metallurgical bonding between the two welded parts. The specific full-section welding can be any welding in the prior art that can achieve full-section metallurgical bonding, such as any one of explosion welding, resistance welding, brazing or friction welding. Preferably, the full-section welding described in the manufacturing method for the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is friction welding.

[0015] The second aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is a structure in which a plurality of steel-aluminum connecting parts are welded on a steel claw crossbeam, comprising: an aluminum rectangular cross-section guide rod, an anode steel claw composed of a steel claw crossbeam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw crossbeam, and a steel-aluminum connecting part for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam, characterized in that: the steel-aluminum connecting part comprises an aluminum rod with a circular cross-section and an external thread on its lower end, a steel rod with an external thread on its outer surface and the upper end face with the external thread portion being welded and fixed to the lower end face of the aluminum rod through the entire section, and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw crossbeam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw crossbeam. The outer thread connection is composed of a steel sleeve with an inner thread, and the part of the steel rod outside the lower end of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the lower end of the steel sleeve; the lower ends of the steel rods of each steel-aluminum connector are fully welded on the steel claw crossbeam and at positions corresponding to the axes of the conductive claws below it. Except for the adjacent parts of the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connectors adjacent to the main symmetry axis of the conductive device, which are respectively welded and fixed to the two opposite sides of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod, the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the remaining steel-aluminum connectors are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connectors with aluminum conductive blocks of rectangular cross-section. The main symmetry axis mentioned in this device of the present invention refers to the following attached Figure 1 or attached Figure 8 The axis of symmetry is shown in 14.

[0016] In the second aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention, there is a gap of 3 to 10 mm between the lower end surface of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector and the lower end surface of the steel sleeve. The specific technical effects that can be produced refer to the above content. On the other hand, since in the second electrolysis conductive device of the present invention, multiple steel-aluminum connectors are welded on the steel claw crossbeam, it may cause the problem that the structural size of the steel claw crossbeam located on the upper part is too large to match the electrolytic cell and the gravity load at the welding point between the aluminum guide rod and the two connected steel-aluminum connectors is too large due to the increase in weight. To solve this problem, the present invention can reduce the size of the steel sleeve, and weld and fix the lower ends of the load-bearing steel plates on both sides of the main symmetry axis position on the steel claw crossbeam, the upper ends of the two load-bearing steel plates are fixed to the aluminum guide rod with bolts, and the aluminum guide rod is fixed with an external load-bearing steel plate and bolts to reduce the gravity bearing capacity of the aluminum guide rod and the aluminum rod welding point of the steel-aluminum connector. Although the manufacturing cost of the second aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is increased due to its increased components and weight, it also brings another advantage, namely, its conductive resistance is greatly reduced, and its power consumption per ton of aluminum production is further reduced. According to preliminary calculations, its power consumption per ton of aluminum production can be further reduced.

[0017] The second manufacturing method of the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is: the aluminum rod and the steel rod are fully welded to obtain a connecting assembly, and then the connecting assembly is cut off the excess parts of the aluminum rod end and the steel rod end according to the determined length requirements, and an external thread is prepared from the steel rod end to the appropriate position of the aluminum rod outside the connecting assembly, and an internal thread that can be connected and matched with the external thread of the connecting assembly is made on the steel sleeve, and the steel sleeve is screwed onto the connecting assembly, and the lower end surface of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the steel rod of the connecting assembly to obtain a steel-aluminum connecting piece; a plurality of full-section welded steel claws are respectively welded on the steel claw crossbeam and at the positions corresponding to the axes of the conductive claws below it. At the lower end of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector, the number of welded steel-aluminum connectors is equal to the number of conductive claws. Except that the adjacent parts of the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connectors adjacent to the main symmetry axis of the conductive device are respectively welded and fixed to the two opposite sides of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod, the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the remaining steel-aluminum connectors are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connectors by using rectangular cross-section aluminum conductive blocks. The lower ends of a load-bearing steel plate are welded and fixed on both sides of the main symmetry axis position on the steel claw crossbeam. Bolt holes are respectively opened between the upper ends of the two load-bearing steel plates and the aluminum guide rod, and the load-bearing steel plates and the aluminum guide rod are fixed by bolts. Preferably, the full-section welding of the second conductive device manufacturing method of the present invention is friction welding.

[0018] The third aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is a structure that can be used for H-shaped double-row conductive claws and has multiple steel-aluminum connecting parts welded on an H-shaped steel claw beam, including: an aluminum guide rod with a T-shaped rectangular cross-section, an anode steel claw composed of an H-shaped steel claw beam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw beam, and a steel-aluminum connecting part for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw beam. The steel-aluminum connecting parts in the third aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention include: an aluminum rod with a circular cross-section and an external thread on its lower end, a steel rod with an external thread on the outside and the upper end face with the external threaded part is fully welded and fixed to the lower end face of the aluminum rod, and a steel sleeve with an internal thread connected to the external threads of the steel rod and the aluminum rod, and the part of the steel rod located outside the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the lower end of the steel sleeve; a number of steel-aluminum connecting parts are fully welded to the lower end of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connecting parts at positions corresponding to the axes of the conductive claws above and below the steel claw beam, the aluminum rod parts on the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connecting parts located in the middle of the H-shaped steel claw beam are each welded to the T-shaped horizontal end of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod, and the aluminum rods on the upper parts of each steel-aluminum connecting part located at the horizontal wing of the H-shaped steel claw beam are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connecting parts by aluminum conductive blocks with rectangular cross-sections.

[0019] Preferably, in the third aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention, there is a gap of 3 to 10 mm between the lower end surface of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connecting piece and the lower end surface of the steel sleeve.

[0020] More preferably, in the third anode conductive device of the present invention, the lower ends of the load-bearing steel plates are welded and fixed on both sides of the upper part of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam at the middle part, and the upper ends of the two load-bearing steel plates are fixed to the T-shaped aluminum guide rod by bolts. Since the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam is generally heavy, channel steel can be welded instead of the flat steel plate to improve its load-bearing capacity.

[0021] The advantages of the third aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention refer to the aforementioned second aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention. Since the middle of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam is relatively long, the aluminum guide rod end used to connect the steel-aluminum connecting piece arranged along the middle of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam is preferably set in a T shape or other shapes with a similar larger head size.

[0022] The third manufacturing method of the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is: the aluminum rod and the steel rod are fully welded to obtain a connecting assembly, and then the connecting assembly is cut off the excess parts of the aluminum rod end and the steel rod end according to the determined length requirements, and an external thread is prepared outside the connecting assembly from the steel rod end to the appropriate position of the aluminum rod, and an internal thread that can be connected and matched with the external thread of the connecting assembly is made on the steel sleeve, and the steel sleeve is screwed onto the connecting assembly, and the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the steel rod of the connecting assembly to obtain a steel-aluminum connecting piece; the upper side of the steel claw crossbeam is fully welded with the same number of conductive claws as the lower side of the steel claw crossbeam on the lower side of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connecting piece. The end face, and the axis of each steel-aluminum connecting piece roughly corresponds to the axis position of each conductive claw under the crossbeam, and then the aluminum rod parts of the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connecting pieces located at the middle of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam are welded to the T-shaped horizontal ends of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod, and then the aluminum rods on the upper parts of each steel-aluminum connecting piece fixed at the two horizontal wings on the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connecting pieces with rectangular cross-section aluminum conductive blocks, and the lower ends of a load-bearing steel plate are welded to both sides of the upper part of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam at the middle, bolt holes are processed at the T-shaped parts of the load-bearing steel plate and the aluminum guide rod, and the two load-bearing steel plates are fixed to the T-shaped aluminum guide rod with bolts.

[0023] The steel-aluminum connecting piece for an aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention comprises a connecting assembly consisting of an aluminum rod with a circular cross-section and an external thread on its lower end, a steel rod with an external thread on its outside and the upper end face with the external thread portion being welded and fixed to the lower end face of the aluminum rod through the entire cross-section, and a steel sleeve with an internal thread that is connected to and cooperates with the external threads of the steel rod and the aluminum rod, and the portion of the steel rod located outside the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the lower end of the steel sleeve.

[0024] Preferably, the steel-aluminum connector for aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention has a spacing of 3 to 10 mm between the lower end surface of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector and the lower end surface of the steel sleeve.

[0025] The manufacturing method of the steel-aluminum connecting piece for the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is: the aluminum rod and the steel rod are welded with full sections to obtain a connecting assembly, and then the connecting assembly is cut off the excess parts of the aluminum rod end and the steel rod end according to the determined length requirements, an external thread is prepared outside the connecting assembly from the steel rod end to the appropriate position of the aluminum rod, an internal thread that can be connected and matched with the external thread of the connecting assembly is made on the steel sleeve, the steel sleeve is screwed onto the connecting assembly, and the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the steel rod of the connecting assembly to obtain a steel-aluminum connecting piece.

[0026] Preferably, the method for manufacturing the connection assembly of the steel-aluminum connection piece used in the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is to use friction welding to achieve the full-section welding.

[0027] The invention discloses a connecting assembly of a steel-aluminum connecting piece for an aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device, which is composed of a steel bar with a circular cross section and an aluminum bar with a circular cross section welded to the steel bar over its entire cross section.

[0028] Preferably, the method for manufacturing the connection assembly of the steel-aluminum connection piece for the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention adopts friction welding to achieve the full-section welding.

[0029] The aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention retains the advantages of the technical solution of the 2019102544915 patent application, such as: all steel-aluminum connection surfaces are completely full-section metallurgical connections, so its conductive area and conductive effect are significantly better than the prior art, and the gravity load of the conductive device is carried by the steel sleeve provided, while the shear force generated by the different thermal expansion of the steel-aluminum connection parts during operation can be reduced, and its operating life is greatly extended, and it also has the following advantages:

[0030] 1) Through large-area welding of homogeneous materials between the aluminum rod and the aluminum guide rod on the steel-aluminum connector, the aluminum guide rod and the steel-aluminum connector have the best conductive effect;

[0031] 2) A steel-aluminum connector with a circular cross section is used to connect with an aluminum conductive rod with a rectangular or square cross section. The portion outside the contact point naturally forms a groove for welding, avoiding the need to process the welding groove in the prior art;

[0032] 3) Due to the use of two steel-aluminum connectors to connect the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam, a larger conductive area can be provided;

[0033] 4) The connection line of the two steel-aluminum connectors in the aluminum electrolysis anode conductive device of the present invention is basically parallel to the length of the steel claw crossbeam. At the same time, the two steel-aluminum connectors can be set at the position closest to the conductive claw position, so as to form the shortest feeding distance, so that the conductive voltage drop is lower. According to calculations, the use of the conductive device of the present invention can save 39 degrees of electricity per ton of aluminum production. The second or third conductive device of the present invention, because it conducts more electricity through aluminum medium and its conductive cross-section is larger than the prior art, its conductive voltage drop will be lower and its power saving effect will be better.

[0034] 5) The first conductive device of the present invention bears the gravity load of the conductive device through the steel sleeve, and can reduce the shear force generated by thermal expansion at the steel-aluminum connection during operation; the second and third conductive devices of the present invention bear the gravity load of the conductive device and the anode block through the load-bearing steel plate and fixing bolts in addition to the steel sleeve. The ability to withstand gravity load is much better than the prior art, and the steel-aluminum connection can have a smaller external size to adapt to the existing electrolysis device.

[0035] 6) According to relevant tests and theoretical analysis, the operating life of the device of the present invention can reach more than three times that of the existing technology, which is much better than the existing technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Attached Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 For attachment Figure 1 A top view of Figure 3 is a cross-sectional diagram of a steel-aluminum connector. Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection assembly of a steel-aluminum connection piece of the present invention, and FIG. Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the structure of the steel claw beam of the present invention is applicable to the H-shaped six-claw embodiment. Figure 6 For attachment Figure 5 DD section diagram, attached Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the top view, attached Figure 8 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention (i.e., welding multiple steel-aluminum connecting member structures on the steel claw crossbeam), and FIG. Fig. 9 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third embodiment of the present invention (i.e., welding a plurality of steel-aluminum connecting member structures on an H-shaped steel claw crossbeam), and FIG. Fig.10 for Fig. 9 FF section diagram, attached Fig.11 for Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the location from top view, Fig.12 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1-aluminum guide rod with rectangular cross section, 1-B-T-shaped aluminum guide rod, 2-aluminum rod, 3-steel sleeve, 4-steel rod, 5-steel claw beam, 6-conductive claw, 7-welding point between aluminum guide rod and aluminum rod, 8-steel-aluminum connecting piece, 9-welding surface between steel rod and aluminum rod, 10-welding surface between steel rod and steel beam, 11-welding point between end face of steel sleeve and steel rod, 12-mid-belly part of H-shaped steel claw beam, 13-cross wing of H-shaped steel claw beam, 14-main symmetry axis of steel claw beam, 15-load-bearing steel plate, 16 bolt hole on the load-bearing steel plate, 17-bolt hole on T-shaped aluminum guide rod, 18-conductive block, 19-welding position between load-bearing steel plate and steel claw beam, 20-fixing bolt, 21-H-shaped steel claw beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the preparation of the best embodiment and the accompanying drawings.

[0039] 1. Manufacturing of connection components of steel-aluminum connection parts

[0040] First, an aluminum rod 2 and a steel rod 4 with suitable diameters are selected, and then the aluminum rod and the steel rod are welded by friction welding to form a full-section welded surface 9 at the junction of the steel and the aluminum, as shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 The coupling assembly shown.

[0041] 2. Manufacturing of Steel-Aluminum Connectors

[0042] The obtained connecting assembly is cut off from the excess parts of the aluminum rod end and the steel rod end according to the determined length requirements, and then an external thread is prepared outside the connecting assembly from the end of the steel rod 4 to the appropriate position of the aluminum rod 2. The length of this section of the external thread is slightly greater than the length of the steel sleeve. The applicant suggests that the external thread terminal of the aluminum rod can be directly terminated with a screw tail and there is no need to set a back cutter groove. Select a pipe material with a suitable diameter and wall thickness, cut a steel sleeve blank to a fixed length, and then make an internal thread on the steel sleeve blank that can be connected and matched with the external thread of the connecting assembly to obtain a steel sleeve 3. The steel sleeve 3 is screwed onto the connecting assembly processed as mentioned above, and a gap of 3 to 10 mm is left between the lower end face of the steel sleeve 3 and the lower end face of the steel rod of the connecting assembly. Use manual welding to weld and fix the lower end face of the steel sleeve 3 to the outer wall below the steel rod 4 of the connecting assembly, so as to obtain the following Figure 3 The steel-aluminum connector 8 is shown.

[0043] 3. Manufacturing of anode conductive device

[0044] (1.1) Manufacturing of the first anode conductive device of the present invention

[0045] Friction welding is used to weld the steel rod end faces of the lower ends of the two steel-aluminum connectors 8 on the steel claw cross beam 5 along its length. During friction welding, the outer wall of the steel sleeve 3 is the clamping part of the friction welding machine. During welding, the interval between the two steel-aluminum connectors 8 should be equal to or slightly larger than the side length of the rectangular aluminum guide rod 1. At the same time, the midpoint of the interval between the two steel-aluminum connectors 8 should be located at the midpoint of the steel claw cross beam 5 as much as possible. Insert the aluminum guide rod 1 between the two steel-aluminum connectors, and then weld the two opposite sides of the rectangular aluminum guide rod 1 to the outer circle of the aluminum rod 2 on the steel-aluminum connector 8 by manual sub-arc welding. The portion outside the tangent position of the circular cross-section aluminum rod and the square cross-section aluminum guide rod naturally forms a welding groove, see Figure 2 After welding is completed, the Figure 1 The anode conductive device of the present invention is shown.

[0046] (1.2) The first anode conductive device of the present invention is suitable for manufacturing a double-row conductive claw H-shaped steel claw crossbeam

[0047] The steel rod end faces of the two steel-aluminum connectors 8 are respectively welded on the middle belly part 12 of the steel claw cross beam 5 by friction welding. During friction welding, the outer wall of the steel sleeve 3 is the clamping part of the friction welding machine. During welding, the interval between the two steel-aluminum connectors 8 should be equal to or slightly larger than the side length of the rectangular aluminum guide rod 1. At the same time, the midpoint of the interval between the two steel-aluminum connectors 8 should be located at the midpoint of the middle belly 12 of the steel claw cross beam 5 as much as possible. Insert the aluminum guide rod 1 between the two steel-aluminum connectors, and then weld the two opposite surfaces of the lower part of the rectangular aluminum guide rod 1 to the outer circle of the aluminum rod 2 on the steel-aluminum connector 8 by manual sub-arc welding. The portion outside the tangent position of the circular cross-section aluminum rod and the square cross-section aluminum guide rod naturally forms a welding groove, see Figure 7 The structure after welding is completed. Figure 5 , 6 and 7.

[0048] III. Manufacturing of the Second Anode Conductive Device of the Present Invention

[0049] Friction welding is used to weld the steel rod end faces of the lower ends of the four steel-aluminum connecting parts 8 on the steel claw crossbeam 5 along its length, and the axis of each steel-aluminum connecting part 8 is made as consistent as possible with the axis of the corresponding conductive claws 6 under the steel claw crossbeam 5. During friction welding, the outer wall of the steel sleeve 3 is the clamping part of the friction welding machine. During welding, the interval between the two middle steel-aluminum connecting parts 8 should be equal to or slightly larger than the side length of the rectangular aluminum guide rod 1. At the same time, the midpoint of the interval between the two steel-aluminum connecting parts 8 should be located at the midpoint of the steel claw crossbeam 5 as much as possible. Insert the aluminum guide rod 1 between the two steel-aluminum connectors, and then weld the two opposite surfaces at the bottom of the rectangular aluminum guide rod 1 to the outer circle of the aluminum rod 2 on the steel-aluminum connector 8 by manual sub-arc welding. Use a conductive block 18 to weld the aluminum rod of the first steel-aluminum connector 8 on the left with the aluminum rod of the second steel-aluminum connector 8 on the left, and the aluminum rod of the first steel-aluminum connector 8 on the right with the aluminum rod of the second steel-aluminum connector 8 on the right by manual sub-arc welding. The portion outside the tangent position of the circular cross-section aluminum rod and the square cross-section aluminum guide rod naturally forms a welding groove. Then weld a load-bearing steel plate 15 at each of the two edges in the middle of the steel claw crossbeam 5, and process holes 16 and 17 for setting bolts at the corresponding positions of the load-bearing steel plate 15 and the aluminum guide rod. After welding is completed, bolts are passed through these holes to increase the ability to bear gravity. The final result is as follows Figure 8 The second anode conductive device of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 8 The fixing bolts are not shown, but only the relevant bolt holes are shown.

[0050] 4. The third anode conductive device of the present invention is suitable for manufacturing a double-row conductive claw H-shaped steel claw crossbeam

[0051] First, one end of the rectangular guide rod is processed into a wide head shape to form a T-shaped guide rod 1-b. The lower end faces of the steel bars 4 at the lower ends of the three steel-aluminum connectors 8 are respectively welded on the two horizontal wing parts 13 of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam 21 by friction welding, and the axis of each steel-aluminum connector 8 should be as consistent as possible with the axis of the corresponding conductive claws 6 under the horizontal wing of the steel claw crossbeam. During friction welding, the outer wall of the steel sleeve 3 is the clamping part of the friction welding machine. The T-shaped aluminum guide rod 1-b is located between the two steel-aluminum connectors inserted at the two ends of the middle belly 12 of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam 21, and then the aluminum bars 2 on the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connectors are respectively welded and fixed to the two ends of the T-shaped aluminum guide rod 1-b, and then the aluminum bars 2 on the upper parts of each steel-aluminum connector 8 fixed along the two horizontal wings 13 on the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam 21 are respectively welded and fixed to the aluminum bars 2 on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connectors 8 by rectangular cross-section aluminum conductive blocks 18. It is recommended to use manual sub-arc welding for this welding operation. Finally, the lower ends of a load-bearing steel plate 15 are welded to the upper part of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam 21 on both sides of the middle belly 12, and bolt holes 16 and 17 are processed in the T-shaped parts of the load-bearing steel plate 15 and the aluminum guide rod 1-b, and the two load-bearing steel plates and the T-shaped aluminum guide rod are fixed with bolts 20. The structure after welding is shown in the attached figure. Figures 9-11 , including Fig. 9 For the sake of clarity, the fixing bolts 20 are not shown, and only the bolt holes 16 located on the load-bearing steel plate are shown. Fig.12 A three-dimensional schematic diagram is given.

[0052] The first anode conductive device of the present invention given in 1.1 was actually tested in a 500KA electrolytic cell. The device reduced the voltage by 13mv compared with the current technology, saving 39 degrees of electricity per ton of aluminum. Tests and analysis show that its lifespan is about 7 years, more than three times that of the existing technology.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing an anode conductive device for aluminum electrolysis, the anode conductive device for aluminum electrolysis comprising: An aluminum rectangular cross-section guide rod, an anode steel claw composed of a steel claw crossbeam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw crossbeam, and a steel-aluminum connecting piece for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw crossbeam, characterized in that: the steel-aluminum connecting piece includes an aluminum rod with a circular cross-section and an external thread on its lower end, a steel rod with an external thread on the outside and the upper end face with the external thread part is welded and fixed to the lower end face of the aluminum rod, and a steel sleeve with an internal thread connected to the external thread of the steel rod and the aluminum rod, and the part of the steel rod located outside the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the lower end of the steel sleeve; on the steel claw crossbeam and below it The lower ends of the steel rods of the steel-aluminum connectors are fully welded at the corresponding positions of the axes of the conductive claws. Except that the adjacent parts of the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connectors adjacent to the main symmetry axis of the conductive device are respectively welded and fixed to the two sides opposite to the lower part of the aluminum guide rod, the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the remaining steel-aluminum connectors are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connectors by using rectangular cross-section aluminum conductive blocks. There is a gap of 3 to 10 mm between the lower end surface of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector and the lower end surface of the steel sleeve. The lower ends of the load-bearing steel plates are welded and fixed on both sides of the main symmetry axis position on the steel claw crossbeam. The upper ends of the two load-bearing steel plates and the corresponding positions of the aluminum guide rods are fixed. Bolt holes are respectively opened at the positions, and the load-bearing steel plate and the aluminum guide rod are fixed with bolts. The characteristic is that the aluminum rod and the steel rod are fully welded to obtain a connecting assembly, and then the connecting assembly is cut off from the excess parts of the aluminum rod end and the steel rod end according to the determined length requirement, and an external thread is prepared from the steel rod end to the appropriate position of the aluminum rod outside the connecting assembly, and an internal thread that can be connected and matched with the external thread of the connecting assembly is made on the steel sleeve, the steel sleeve is screwed onto the connecting assembly, and the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the steel rod of the connecting assembly to obtain a steel-aluminum connecting piece; a number of fully welded steel claws are respectively welded on the steel claw crossbeam and at the corresponding positions of the axes of the conductive claws below it. The number of welded steel-aluminum connecting parts is equal to the number of conductive claws, except that the adjacent parts of the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connecting parts adjacent to the main symmetry axis of the conductive device are respectively welded and fixed to the two sides opposite to the lower part of the aluminum guide rod, the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the remaining steel-aluminum connecting parts are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connecting parts by aluminum conductive blocks with rectangular cross-sections, and the lower ends of a load-bearing steel plate are welded and fixed on both sides of the main symmetry axis position on the steel claw crossbeam, bolt holes are respectively opened at the upper ends of the two load-bearing steel plates and the corresponding positions of the aluminum guide rod, and the load-bearing steel plates and the aluminum guide rod are fixed by bolts.

2. A method for manufacturing an anode conductive device for aluminum electrolysis, the anode conductive device for aluminum electrolysis comprising: An aluminum guide rod with a rectangular cross section in the shape of a T, an anode steel claw composed of an H-shaped steel claw cross beam and a conductive claw arranged under the steel claw cross beam, and a steel-aluminum connecting piece for connecting the aluminum guide rod and the steel claw cross beam, characterized in that: the steel-aluminum connecting piece includes an aluminum rod with a circular cross section and an external thread arranged at its lower end, a steel rod with an external thread arranged on the outside and the upper end face with the external thread part is welded and fixed to the lower end face of the aluminum rod through the entire section, and a steel sleeve with an internal thread connected to the external thread of the steel rod and the aluminum rod, and the steel rod is located at the part outside the lower end face of the steel sleeve. The steel claw crossbeam is welded and fixed to the lower end of the steel sleeve; the positions corresponding to the axes of the conductive claws above and below the steel claw crossbeam are respectively welded to the lower end of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector. The aluminum rod parts of the upper parts of the steel-aluminum connectors at both ends of the middle belly of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam are welded to the T-shaped horizontal ends of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod. The aluminum rods on the upper parts of each steel-aluminum connector at the horizontal wings of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connectors with rectangular cross-section aluminum conductive blocks. There is a gap of 3 to 10 mm between the lower end surface of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector and the lower end surface of the steel sleeve. The lower ends of the load-bearing steel plates are welded and fixed on both sides of the upper part of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam at the middle part, and bolt holes are respectively opened at the upper ends of the two load-bearing steel plates and the corresponding positions of the aluminum guide rods, and the load-bearing steel plates and the T-shaped aluminum guide rods are fixed with bolts. The characteristic is that the aluminum rod and the steel rod are welded with the whole section to obtain a connecting assembly, and then the excess parts of the aluminum rod end and the steel rod end are cut off from the connecting assembly according to the determined length requirement, and an external thread is prepared from the steel rod end to the appropriate position of the aluminum rod outside the connecting assembly, and an internal thread that can be connected and matched with the external thread of the connecting assembly is made on the steel sleeve, and the steel sleeve is screwed onto the connecting assembly, and the lower end face of the steel sleeve is welded and fixed to the outer wall of the lower end of the steel rod of the connecting assembly to obtain a steel-aluminum connecting piece; the number of full-section weldings on the top of the steel claw crossbeam is the same as that of the steel claw crossbeam. The lower end surface of the steel rod of the steel-aluminum connector with the same number of conductive claws under the steel claw crossbeam, and the axis of each steel-aluminum connector roughly corresponds to the axis position of each conductive claw under the crossbeam, and then the aluminum rod parts of the upper parts of the two steel-aluminum connectors located in the middle of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam are welded to the T-shaped horizontal end of the lower part of the aluminum guide rod, and then the aluminum rods on the upper parts of each steel-aluminum connector fixed at the two horizontal wings on the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam are welded and fixed to the aluminum rods on the upper parts of the adjacent steel-aluminum connectors with rectangular cross-section aluminum conductive blocks, and the lower ends of a load-bearing steel plate are welded on both sides of the upper part of the H-shaped steel claw crossbeam at the middle, and bolt holes are respectively opened at the upper ends of the two load-bearing steel plates and the corresponding positions of the aluminum guide rods, and the load-bearing steel plates and the T-shaped aluminum guide rods are fixed with bolts.

3. The method for manufacturing an anode conductive device for aluminum electrolysis according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The full-section welding is friction welding.

Images