Vibration-damping and cooling boring tools based on metal rubber and their manufacturing method

Abstract

The present invention provides a vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber and a manufacturing method thereof, comprising a hollow tool bar and a tool head at one end of the tool bar, a guide rod inner cavity provided with metal rubber, a cavity having a coolant inlet at one end away from the tool head, and a coolant discharge through hole extending toward the tool head at the other end of the cavity. When the tool of the present invention generates impact vibration during cutting, the cylindrical metal rubber and the granular metal rubber rub against the inner wall of the tool bar to generate friction damping; the coolant flows through the metal rubber and flows in the porous structure of the metal rubber, and the flow channels in the gap are complex and changeable. When high-frequency vibration is generated externally, the internal coupling of the coolant and the metal rubber causes the vibration amplitude to change, thereby avoiding resonance, and at the same time having a throttling damping effect on the flow of the coolant, effectively reducing vibration and increasing the contact area between the coolant and the tool bar, thereby taking away the heat generated by the tool operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of mechanical processing, and specifically relates to a vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, the requirements for mechanical processing technology are getting higher and higher, and the processing speed and precision are very important. In boring processing, high-speed processing causes the boring tool to be subjected to high temperatures, and violent vibrations also occur between the tool and the workpiece, which easily lead to blade wear. How to solve the problems of high temperature and vibration has become the key to improving processing performance.

[0003] The utility model with announcement number CN206065451U invents a particle damping and magnetorheological composite vibration-damping boring tool, which utilizes the particle damping effect. Its structure is complex and the magnetorheological technology is not yet mature. The utility model with announcement number CN207188813U invents a vibration-damping boring tool for machining valve casing tapered holes. The vibration-damping assembly includes a carbide rod and two rubber pads, which cannot achieve a good vibration-damping effect. The rubber pads are not durable in harsh processing environments.

[0004] Metal rubber is a homogeneous elastic metal material with a porous structure. It is made of metal spiral wire through special processes such as weaving and molding. It has both metal properties and the elasticity and damping properties of rubber. Metal rubber in an impact vibration state consumes a certain degree of impact vibration energy through friction generated by relative sliding between metal wires. There are many holes inside the metal rubber and all the holes are connected, allowing high-pressure gas or coolant to pass through. Metal rubber has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high pressure, ultra-low temperature resistance, etc. and has strong environmental adaptability.

[0005] In current technology, there are few reports on the application of metal rubber in cutting tools. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention improves the above-mentioned problem, that is, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing high-speed machining causes the boring tool to be subjected to a high temperature, and violent vibration also occurs between the tool and the workpiece, which easily leads to blade wear.

[0007] The specific implementation scheme of the present invention is: a vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber, a hollow tool rod and a tool head located at one end of the tool rod, the inner cavity of the tool rod is provided with metal rubber, the inner cavity has a coolant inlet at one end away from the tool head, and the other end of the inner cavity extends toward the tool head with a coolant discharge through hole.

[0008] Furthermore, an adjusting ring with a ring-shaped cross section is inserted into the coolant inlet, the adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the coolant inlet side, and an annular nut is fixed on the outer side of the adjusting ring to facilitate adjusting the depth of the adjusting ring in the inner cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the metal rubber includes longitudinal cylindrical metal rubber and granular metal rubber.

[0010] Furthermore, the granular metal rubber in the inner cavity is located between the cylindrical metal rubbers, and the cylindrical metal rubbers are respectively located vertically inside the coolant inlet and the coolant discharge through hole to prevent the granular metal rubber from being exposed.

[0011] Furthermore, the cylindrical metal rubber located on one side of the coolant discharge hole is interference fit with the inner wall of the tool rod inner cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the knife rod has a slot for embedding the knife head.

[0013] Furthermore, the granular metal rubber is located between the cylindrical metal rubbers.

[0014] The present invention also includes a method for manufacturing a vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber, comprising the following steps:

[0015] (1) Manufacturing cylindrical metal rubber and granular metal rubber:

[0016] Manufacturing cylindrical metal rubber: winding, stretching, weaving and stamping the metal wire into a cylindrical metal rubber, wherein the metal wires inside the cylindrical metal rubber are interlocked and connected with each other;

[0017] Manufacturing of granular metal rubber: through winding, stretching and weaving, it is made into small spherical particles with a diameter of about 3~5mm;

[0018] (2) Filling a number of granular metal rubbers into the hollow tool bar. Different filling densities have different effects. Granular metal rubbers can effectively reduce vibration response by 3 to 8 times.

[0019] (3) The inner cavity of the tool rod has a coolant inlet at one end facing away from the tool head, and the other end of the inner cavity extends toward the tool head to have a coolant discharge through hole;

[0020] (4) An adjusting ring with a ring-shaped cross section is inserted at the coolant inlet. The adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the coolant inlet side. An annular nut is fixed on the outer side of the adjusting ring to facilitate adjusting the depth of the adjusting ring in the inner cavity and thus adjusting the density of the internal particle metal rubber layout area.

[0021] Furthermore, the metal wire material is austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti or 0Cr18Ni9Ti, and the metal wire diameter is 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when the tool of the present invention generates impact vibration during cutting, the cylindrical metal rubber and the granular metal rubber rub against the inner wall of the tool rod to generate friction damping; the coolant flows through the metal rubber and flows in the porous structure of the metal rubber, and the flow channel in the gap is complex and changeable. When high-frequency vibration is generated externally, the internal coupling of the coolant and the metal rubber causes the vibration amplitude to change to avoid resonance, and at the same time has a throttling damping effect on the flow of the coolant. First, the consumption of vibration energy is increased to achieve the purpose of effectively reducing vibration. Second, the coolant flows in the variable throttling channel, which increases the contact area with the tool rod and takes away the heat generated by the tool work, thereby greatly reducing the thermal deformation of the tool. The coolant is ejected from the tip of the tool head, promptly flushes away the iron chips generated by the cutting process, takes away a large amount of heat, and further enhances the cooling effect. The filling density of the granular metal rubber is adjusted by adjusting the nut and adjusting the adjustment ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber;

[0024] Figure 2 The three-dimensional structure diagram of the vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber;

[0025] Figure 3 The figure is a comparison chart of the vibration response amplitude of the metal rubber boring tool without particles and the metal rubber boring tool with particles under the same conditions. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 3 In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0028] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 A vibration-damping cooling tool based on metal rubber comprises: a tool head 1 and a hollow tool rod 2, wherein the tool head 1 is fixed at one end of the hollow tool rod 2.

[0029] The inner cavity of the tool rod 2 has a coolant inlet at one end facing away from the tool head, and the other end of the inner cavity extends toward the tool head with a coolant discharge through hole 9. The tool rod is provided with cylindrical metal rubber (3, 5) and granular metal rubber 4. The coolant inlet thread is matched with a threaded adjustment ring 6, and an adjustment nut 7 is fixed on the outside of the adjustment ring 6.

[0030] The granular metal rubber 4 in the inner cavity is located between two cylindrical metal rubbers, and the cylindrical metal rubbers are respectively located vertically inside the coolant inlet and the coolant discharge through hole to prevent the granular metal rubber from being exposed.

[0031] The adjusting nut 7 is installed at the end of the cutter bar 2 away from the cutter head, and the filling density of the granular metal rubber 4 is adjusted by rotating the adjusting ring 6 .

[0032] The cylindrical metal rubber 5 prevents the granular metal rubber from leaking out. The end of the tool bar 2 away from the tool head is a coolant inlet 8; the middle of the adjustment ring 6 has a channel for coolant to enter, and the coolant inlet 8 is connected to one end of the granular metal rubber 4; the other end of the cylindrical metal rubber 3 is connected to the coolant discharge through hole 9 opened at one end of the tool bar tool head, and the cylindrical metal rubber 3 is interference fit with the inner wall of the inner cavity. The cylindrical metal rubber 5 fits with the inner side of the adjustment ring.

[0033] When the adjusting ring is adjusted, the cylindrical metal rubber 5 can be pushed to squeeze the granular metal rubber 4, thereby increasing the density of the area where the granular metal rubber 4 is located. Different filling densities have different effects, and the granular metal rubber 4 can effectively reduce the vibration response by 3 to 8 times.

[0034] The cylindrical metal rubber 3, 5 is made of metal wires through winding, stretching, weaving, stamping and other process methods, and the surface is subjected to physical and chemical treatment, and the metal wires inside are interlocked and connected. Preferably, the metal wire material is austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti or 0Cr18Ni9Ti, the metal wire diameter is 0.1-0.5mm, and the formed cylindrical metal rubber 3, 5 is subjected to physical and chemical treatment such as ultrasonic cleaning or sintering.

[0035] The granular metal rubber 4 can be made into a small spherical particle shape with a diameter of about 3 to 5 mm through processes such as winding, stretching and weaving, without stamping. Preferably, the metal wire material is austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti or 0Cr18Ni9Ti, the metal wire diameter is 0.1 to 0.2 mm, and the woven granular metal rubber 4 is subjected to physical treatments such as ultrasonic cleaning. When the tool of the present invention generates impact vibration during cutting work, the cylindrical metal rubber 3, 5 and the granular metal rubber 4 rub against the inner wall of the tool rod 2 to generate friction damping; the coolant flows through the metal rubber and flows in the porous structure of the metal rubber, and the flow channel in the gap is complex and changeable. When high-frequency vibration is generated externally, the coolant and the internal coupling of the metal rubber cause the vibration amplitude to change to avoid resonance, and at the same time, the flow of the coolant has a throttling damping effect, which increases the consumption of vibration energy and achieves the purpose of effectively reducing vibration. Second, the coolant flows in the variable throttling channel, increases the contact area with the tool rod, takes away the heat generated by the tool work, and achieves a significant reduction in the thermal deformation of the tool.

[0036] The coolant is ejected from the coolant discharge through hole 9 at the tip of the cutter head, which promptly washes away the iron chips generated by the cutting process, takes away a large amount of heat, and further enhances the cooling effect. The filling density of the granular metal rubber 4 is adjusted by adjusting the adjusting ring 6 through the adjusting nut 7.

[0037] like Figure 3 The implementation effect test is as follows:

[0038] The outer diameter of the boring tool bar is 40mm, the overall length is 300mm, the inner diameter of the hollow bar is 34mm, the filling length of the low-density cylindrical metal rubber and the granular metal rubber is 210mm, and the coolant is passed through to perform vibration simulation. Adjust the various parameters of the metal rubber to achieve appropriate vibration damping. The comparison of the vibration response amplitude of the filled metal rubber and the unfilled metal rubber is shown in the figure below: Figure 3 As shown. By comparing the maximum vibration amplitudes of the two, it can be found that the metal rubber filling can effectively reduce the vibration response by about 75%. In summary, the present invention has the dual effects of vibration reduction and cooling.

[0039] In actual design, different forms of metal rubber can be selected, including metal wire material, diameter, spiral diameter, blank pitch; the adjustment nut can also be adjusted to change the friction damping, throttling effect, and increase the rigidity of the tool bar. In this way, the purpose of vibration reduction and cooling can be achieved, and the tool life and processing accuracy can be guaranteed.

[0040] If the present invention discloses or involves components or structures that are fixedly connected to each other, then, unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (for example, connection using bolts or screws), and can also be understood as: a non-detachable fixed connection (for example, riveting, welding). Of course, the mutual fixed connection can also be replaced by an integrated structure (for example, manufactured by integrated molding using a casting process) (except when it is obviously impossible to use an integrated molding process).

[0041] In addition, unless otherwise stated, the terms used to indicate positional relationships or shapes in any of the technical solutions disclosed in the present invention include states or shapes that are approximate, similar, or close to them.

[0042] Any component provided by the present invention may be assembled from a plurality of separate components, or may be a separate component manufactured by an integral forming process.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present invention can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the present invention, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber, characterized in that: A tool rod with a hollow interior and a tool head at one end of the tool rod, wherein a metal rubber is arranged in the inner cavity of the tool rod, wherein the inner cavity has a coolant inlet at one end away from the tool head, and a coolant discharge through hole is extended at the other end of the inner cavity toward the tool head, wherein an adjustment ring with a ring-shaped cross section is inserted into the coolant inlet, wherein the adjustment ring is threadedly connected to the coolant inlet side, and an annular nut is fixed on the outer side of the adjustment ring to facilitate adjusting the depth of the adjustment ring in the inner cavity, wherein the metal rubber comprises a longitudinal cylindrical metal rubber and a granular metal rubber, wherein the granular metal rubber in the inner cavity is located between the cylindrical metal rubbers, wherein the cylindrical metal rubbers are respectively vertically located on the inner sides of the coolant inlet and the coolant discharge through hole to prevent the granular metal rubber from being exposed, wherein the cylindrical metal rubber located on one side of the coolant discharge through hole is interference fit with the inner wall of the tool rod inner cavity, and wherein the granular metal rubber is located between the cylindrical metal rubbers.

2. A vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the knife rod is provided with a slot for embedding the knife head.

3. A method for manufacturing a vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Manufacturing cylindrical metal rubber and granular metal rubber: Manufacturing cylindrical metal rubber: winding, stretching, weaving and stamping the metal wire into a cylindrical metal rubber, wherein the metal wires inside the cylindrical metal rubber are interlocked and connected with each other; Manufacturing of granular metal rubber: through winding, stretching and weaving, it is made into small spherical particles with a diameter of 3~5mm; (2) Filling a number of granular metal rubbers into the hollow tool bar. Different filling densities have different effects. Granular metal rubbers can effectively reduce vibration response by 3 to 8 times. (3) The inner cavity of the tool rod has a coolant inlet at one end facing away from the tool head, and the other end of the inner cavity extends toward the tool head to have a coolant discharge through hole; (4) An adjusting ring with a ring-shaped cross section is inserted at the coolant inlet. The adjusting ring is threadedly connected to the coolant inlet side. An annular nut is fixed on the outer side of the adjusting ring to facilitate adjusting the depth of the adjusting ring in the inner cavity and thus adjusting the density of the internal particle metal rubber layout area.

4. The method for manufacturing a vibration-damping cooling boring tool based on metal rubber according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The metal wire material is austenitic stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti or 0Cr18Ni9Ti, and the metal wire diameter is 0.1-0.5 mm.

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