Fully Immersed Fuel Cell Mobile Vehicle Hydrogen Storage System and Usage Method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, which relates to the fields of clean energy application and transportation. It includes a water-sealed container, a hydrogen storage tank, and a hydrogen fuel cell; a hydrogen valve is provided on the water-sealed sleeve. By placing the entire vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system containing hydrogen and its connected hydrogen pipeline completely underwater or in water, the air and harmful static electricity and open flames are isolated, thereby greatly improving the safety of fuel cell vehicles. The present invention also relates to a method for using such a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the fields of clean energy application and transportation, and more specifically, it is a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system. The present invention also relates to a method for using such a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, most hydrogen fuel cell vehicles use 35Mpa or 70Mpa hydrogen storage tanks, and two or more (for heavy-duty trucks or large buses) are connected in parallel and connected to the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell device through pipelines. The above-mentioned vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage tanks are high-pressure containers. When hydrogen leaks, it can only be quickly discharged into the atmosphere. Therefore, there are very high requirements for the layout of the hydrogen storage tanks, anti-static and open flames, etc. The specific limitations are as follows:

[0003] 1) For the vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, the main dangerous feature is the high-pressure explosion caused by leakage. In terms of the pressure of the hydrogen storage tank, the pressure is generally greater than 35MPa, and overpressure relief devices, collision sensors, overcurrent and over-temperature protection, etc. are all installed. The purpose is to fully ensure the safety of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0004] 2) In terms of the overall vehicle layout of the system, the hydrogen storage container and hydrogen pipelines should be arranged in a well-ventilated place or corresponding ventilation measures should be designed to ensure that hydrogen can quickly diffuse into the atmospheric environment when leakage occurs. At the same time, when arranging the vehicle-mounted hydrogen system in the vehicle, a certain safety distance from the hydrogen cylinder and container to the edge of the vehicle also needs to be considered.

[0005] 3) To ensure safety during hydrogen leakage, the conductor shell of the fuel cell vehicle also needs to be reliably connected to the ground to prevent static electricity from igniting hydrogen.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system with high safety in explosion-proof, leakage detection, and static electricity isolation, and greatly simplify the corresponding equipment and facilities. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The first object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above background art and provide a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system.

[0008] The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for using such a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system.

[0009] To achieve the above first object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, characterized in that: it includes a water-sealed container, a hydrogen storage tank located inside the water-sealed container, and a hydrogen fuel cell connected to the bottom of the water-sealed container through a water-sealed sleeve; a hydrogen valve is provided on the water-sealed sleeve.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the upper part of the side of the water-sealed container is connected to a water replenishing tank through a water replenishing valve.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the upper part of the side of the water-sealed container is connected to a leakage collection and gas storage room.

[0012] In the above technical solution, there is an exhaust valve at the top of the leakage collection and gas storage room.

[0013] In the above technical solution, there is an observation window on the leakage collection and gas storage room.

[0014] In the above technical solution, there is a hydrogen sensor in the leakage collection and gas storage room.

[0015] In order to achieve the above second object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a method for using a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle hydrogen storage system, characterized by including the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: Water is replenished to the water-sealed container and the water-sealed casing through the water replenishing valve. The amount of replenished water is based on the standard of filling the water-sealed container and the water-sealed casing without overflowing the leakage collection and gas storage room. During the water replenishing process, the exhaust valve is opened.

[0017] Step 2: After the water replenishing work is completed, hydrogen is replenished into the hydrogen storage tank. After reaching the required storage amount, the entire device operates stably.

[0018] Step 3: When hydrogen leaks from the hydrogen transmission pipeline in the hydrogen storage tank or the water-sealed casing, the leaked hydrogen forms bubbles. The image monitoring device immediately discovers the movement track of the bubbles from the observation window and issues a yellow alarm. Since hydrogen is insoluble in water, the leaked hydrogen will concentrate in the leakage collection and gas storage room, and the pressure in the leakage collection and gas storage room gradually increases. The hydrogen sensor issues an alarm.

[0019] When the pressure in the leakage collection and gas storage room is greater than 2 MPa, the exhaust valve is opened. Since the exhaust valve is located at the top of the leakage collection and gas storage room and the density of hydrogen is greater than that of air, the main gas discharged is hydrogen. The signal of the opening of the exhaust valve is transmitted to the alarm system, and the system issues an orange alarm.

[0020] When hydrogen continues to leak and the hydrogen cannot be effectively discharged through the exhaust valve and the pressure in the leakage collection and gas storage room is greater than 5 MPa, the water discharge valve is opened at this time to drain the water in the water-sealed container and issue a red alarm.

[0021] The present invention greatly improves the safety of fuel cell vehicles by placing the entire vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system containing hydrogen and its connected hydrogen transmission pipeline entirely underwater or in water to isolate air, harmful static electricity, and open flames. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention. Detailed implementation mode

[0023] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, they do not limit the present invention and are only for illustration purposes. At the same time, the advantages of the present invention will become clearer and easier to understand through the description.

[0024] Referring to the accompanying drawings, it can be seen that a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system is characterized in that it includes a water-sealed container 1, a hydrogen storage tank 2 located inside the water-sealed container 1, and a hydrogen fuel cell 3 connected to the bottom of the water-sealed container 1 through a water-sealed sleeve 11; a hydrogen valve 111 is provided on the water-sealed sleeve 11, and a hydrogen pipeline is provided inside the water-sealed sleeve 11.

[0025] The upper part of the side of the water-sealed container 1 is connected to a water replenishing tank 4 through a water replenishing valve 41, and the water replenishing tank 4 is used to replenish water into the water-sealed container 1 and the water-sealed sleeve 11.

[0026] The upper part of the side of the water-sealed container 1 is connected to a leakage collection and gas storage room 5, and the leakage collection and gas storage room 5 is used to store leaked hydrogen for a short time.

[0027] An exhaust valve 51 is provided at the top of the leakage collection and gas storage room 5, and the exhaust valve 51 is used to discharge hydrogen to the outside to ensure the safe dissipation of hydrogen.

[0028] An observation window 52 is provided on the leakage collection and gas storage room 5. The observation window 52 is made of a transparent material and is used to observe the leakage of the entire fully immersed underwater and underwater hydrogen storage device.

[0029] A hydrogen sensor 53 is provided inside the leakage collection and gas storage room 5, which is used to monitor the gas signal inside the leakage collection and gas storage room 5 so that gas leakage can be monitored.

[0030] The usage method of the fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system is characterized by including the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Water is replenished into the water-sealed container 1 and the water-sealed sleeve 11 through the water replenishing valve 41. The quality of the replenished water can be a clean water source such as tap water. The amount of replenished water is based on filling the water-sealed container 1 and the water-sealed sleeve 11 without overflowing the leakage collection and gas storage room 5. During the water replenishing process, the exhaust valve 51 is opened.

[0032] Step 2: After the water replenishing work is completed, hydrogen is replenished into the hydrogen storage tank 2. After reaching the required storage amount, the entire device works stably.

[0033] Step 3: When hydrogen leakage occurs in the hydrogen storage tank 2 or the hydrogen pipeline in the water seal sleeve 11, the leaked hydrogen forms bubbles. The image monitoring device immediately discovers the movement track of the bubbles from the observation window 52 and issues a yellow alarm. Since hydrogen is insoluble in water, the leaked hydrogen will gather in the leakage collection and gas storage room 5, and the pressure in the leakage collection and gas storage room 5 gradually increases. The hydrogen sensor 53 issues an alarm.

[0034] When the pressure in the leakage collection and gas storage room 5 is greater than 2 MPa, the exhaust valve 51 opens. Since the exhaust valve 51 is located at the top of the leakage collection and gas storage room 5 and the density of hydrogen is greater than that of air, the mainly dissipated gas is hydrogen. The signal of the opening of the exhaust valve 51 is transmitted to the alarm system, and the system issues an orange alarm.

[0035] When hydrogen continues to leak and the hydrogen cannot be effectively dissipated through the exhaust valve 51 and the pressure in the leakage collection and gas storage room 5 is greater than 5 MPa, the drain valve opens at this time to drain the water in the water seal container 1 and issues a red alarm.

[0036] In actual use, the hydrogen storage tank 2 is a conventional medium and high-pressure gaseous storage device for the hydrogen transportation of tube trailers. It is made of metal materials or new lightweight composite materials, and the relevant requirements need to meet relevant standards and specifications such as GB4962-2008 "Safety Technical Regulations for Hydrogen Use".

[0037] The water seal container 1 is customized according to the shape of the hydrogen storage tank 2. It can be the water seal container 1 for a single hydrogen storage tank 2 (such as a water tank, etc.), or the water seal container 1 shared by multiple hydrogen storage tanks 2 (when arranged side by side). The outer shell of the water seal container 1 can be made of rust-proof metal materials such as stainless steel and pure aluminum, or can also be made of organic plastics and other materials that can well tolerate hydrogen. The shell of the water seal container 1 has water-tight / air-tight conditions under normal air pressure. The water seal container 1 is provided with a transparent observation window (column) for observing the gas leakage situation of the internal hydrogen tank 2.

[0038] The water seal sleeve 11 is customized according to the outer diameter of the hydrogen pipeline in the vehicle. It can be a single water seal sleeve 11 for a single pipeline, or the water seal sleeve 11 shared by multiple hydrogen pipelines (arranged in a common path and side by side). The outer shell of the water seal sleeve 11 can be made of rust-proof metal materials such as stainless steel and pure aluminum, or can also be made of organic plastics and other materials that can well tolerate hydrogen. The sleeve shell of the water seal sleeve 11 has water-tight / air-tight conditions under normal air pressure. The water seal sleeve 11 is provided with a transparent observation window (column) for collecting and observing the gas leakage situation of the internal hydrogen pipeline.

[0039] The present invention only takes fuel cell vehicles as an example. When used in fuel cell ships or rail transit, the same principle and method of the present invention can be adopted.

[0040] Other parts not described are all prior art.

Claims

1. Method of using a fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system, the fully immersed fuel cell mobile vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system comprising a water-sealed container (1), a hydrogen storage tank (2) located within the water-sealed container (1), and a hydrogen fuel cell (3) connected to the bottom of the water-sealed container (1) through a water-sealed sleeve (11); a hydrogen gas valve (111) is provided on the water-sealed sleeve (11); the upper part of the side surface of the water-sealed container (1) is connected to a leakage collection gas storage chamber (5); The upper part of the side surface of the water-sealed container (1) is connected to a water replenishing tank (4) through a water replenishing valve (41); An exhaust valve (51) is provided at the top of the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5); An observation window (52) is provided on the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5); A hydrogen gas sensor (53) is provided within the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5); It is characterized in that, The said method of use comprises the following steps: Step 1: Water is replenished to the water-sealed container (1) and the water-sealed sleeve (11) through the water replenishing valve (41), and the amount of replenished water is based on the standard of filling the water-sealed container (1) and the water-sealed sleeve (11) without overflowing the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5); during the water replenishing process, the exhaust valve (51) is opened; Step 2: After the water replenishing work is completed, hydrogen is replenished into the hydrogen storage tank (2), and after reaching the required storage amount, the entire device operates stably; Step 3: When hydrogen leaks from the hydrogen transmission pipeline within the hydrogen storage tank (2) or the water-sealed sleeve (11), the leaked hydrogen forms bubbles, and the image monitoring device immediately discovers the movement trajectory of the bubbles from the observation window (52) and issues a yellow alarm; since hydrogen is insoluble in water, the leaked hydrogen will gather in the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5), and the pressure in the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5) gradually increases, and the hydrogen gas sensor (53) issues an alarm; When the pressure in the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5) is greater than 2 MPa, the exhaust valve (51) is opened. Since the exhaust valve (51) is located at the top of the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5) and the density of hydrogen is greater than that of air, the main gas discharged is hydrogen. The signal of the opening of the exhaust valve (51) is transmitted to the alarm system, and the system issues an orange alarm; When hydrogen continues to leak and the hydrogen cannot be effectively discharged through the exhaust valve (51), and the pressure in the leakage collection gas storage chamber (5) is greater than 5 MPa, the water discharge valve is opened at this time to discharge the water in the water-sealed container (1) and issue a red alarm.

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