A photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function, which is composed of a solar panel, a glass cover plate, a back plate and a sealing frame. Among them, the solar panel is located at the central position of the photovoltaic module; the glass cover plate covers the solar panel, and a spectral selective transmission coating is prepared on the surface of the glass cover plate, and the spectral selective transmission coating is a multi-layer film structure; the back plate is located below the solar panel; the sealing frame is located around the solar panel and plays a role in supporting and sealing the photovoltaic module. On the basis of not changing the structure of the photovoltaic module, the present invention prepares a spectral selective transmission coating on the surface of the glass cover plate, which can realize passive regulation of the temperature of the photovoltaic module, effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module during operation, improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module, and the module has the characteristics of simple preparation and convenient installation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function, belonging to the technical field of solar photovoltaic Background Art

[0002] A photovoltaic module is a component in a photovoltaic power generation system that converts light energy into electrical energy, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency is the main factor determining the photovoltaic power generation efficiency. A photovoltaic module mainly consists of a glass cover plate, solar cells, EVA, a backplane, etc. Taking crystalline silicon modules as an example, although theoretically the conversion efficiency limit of crystalline silicon solar cells is close to 30%, in fact, the conversion efficiency of crystalline silicon modules is only about 20%. That is to say, the module only converts a small part of the absorbed solar energy into electrical energy for utilization, while most of the remaining energy is converted into heat energy and wasted, and the heat energy cannot be completely dissipated, but instead causes the temperature of the photovoltaic module to rise, which has an adverse impact on the power generation efficiency of the module. Similar conclusions have also been drawn for solar cells or photovoltaic modules made of other materials.

[0003] The cooling technology of photovoltaic modules can reduce the side effects of temperature and extend the life of the entire system. Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the cooling methods of photovoltaic modules. Fu Huide of the University of Science and Technology of China conducted theoretical and experimental research on photovoltaic-thermal by laying heat pipes on the back of the photovoltaic panel and combining them with a solar heat pump, using the heat absorption characteristics of the medium in the heat pipe. Huang Hulin of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics et al. designed the best natural convection channel method for the natural ventilation cooling of a certain photovoltaic building material type solar panel. Zhao Jun of Tianjin University et al. designed an air-cooled amorphous silicon solar cell PV / T module. Wilson realized the water cooling process with flowing river water, and Krauter replaced the glass layer with a water film layer. This method can not only solve the problem of surface fouling during long-term use under natural conditions, but also cool the battery. From the above related research, reducing the surface temperature of photovoltaic materials is one of the important factors to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency. However, the existing methods are too cumbersome and have an adverse impact on the manufacturing and application of photovoltaic modules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function, which can realize passive regulation of the temperature of the photovoltaic module, effectively reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic module during operation, improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the module, and the module has the characteristics of simple preparation and convenient installation.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function, which is composed of a solar panel, a glass cover plate, a back plate and a sealing frame. The solar panel is located at the central position of the photovoltaic module. The glass cover plate covers the solar panel, and a spectral selective transmission coating is prepared on the surface of the glass cover plate. The spectral selective transmission coating is a multi-layer film structure. The back plate is located below the solar panel. The sealing frame is located around the solar panel and plays a role in supporting and sealing the photovoltaic module.

[0007] The spectral selective transmission coating includes a first dielectric layer, a metal layer, and a second dielectric layer that are sequentially arranged on the glass cover plate from bottom to top. Among them, the first dielectric layer can be one of AlN, TiO2, HfO2, and Cr2O3; the metal layer can be one of Ag, Au, Al, and Cu; the second dielectric layer can be one of AlN, TiO2, HfO2, and Cr2O3.

[0008] Preferably, the thickness of the first dielectric layer is 1-100 nanometers, the thickness of the metal layer is 1-50 nanometers, and the thickness of the second dielectric layer is 1-100 nanometers.

[0009] In the present invention, the solar panel can be composed of one of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or thin-film solar cells such as copper indium gallium selenide and copper indium selenium sulfide; the glass cover plate can be composed of one of tempered glass, borosilicate glass, and ultra-white glass; the back plate can be composed of one of carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel; the sealing frame can be composed of one of rubber and plastic foaming materials, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel.

[0010] The advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0011] On the basis of not changing the structure of the photovoltaic module, the present invention prepares a spectral selective transmission coating on the surface of the glass cover plate to achieve a high transmittance (>80%) in the solar radiation band (0.25-1.5 microns) and a low transmittance (<15%) in the infrared radiation band (1.5-4 microns). It can ensure that solar radiation enters the module and is absorbed by the solar panel and then converted into electrical energy; at the same time, the infrared radiation is reflected and as little as possible enters the photovoltaic module to prevent its temperature from rising. Thus, the working temperature of the photovoltaic module is effectively controlled, and the attenuation of its photoelectric conversion efficiency is prevented. Description of the Drawings

[0012] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3Cross-sectional view of the glass cover plate of the photovoltaic module with temperature regulation function of the present invention. Detailed implementation mode

[0015] To further illustrate the technical content and characteristics of the present invention, the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but it does not mean a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] As Figure 1 、 Figure 2 shown, the photovoltaic module with temperature regulation function of the present invention is composed of a solar panel 1, a glass cover plate 2, a back plate 3 and a sealing frame 4. Among them, the solar panel 1 is located at the central position of the photovoltaic module, the glass cover plate 2 covers the solar panel 1, and a spectral selective transmission coating is prepared on the surface of the glass cover plate 2; the back plate is located below the solar panel; the sealing frame is located around the solar panel, playing a role in supporting and sealing the photovoltaic module.

[0017] As Figure 3 shown, the spectral selective transmission coating prepared on the surface of the glass cover plate 2 is a multi-layer film structure, including a first dielectric layer 21, a metal layer 22, and a second dielectric layer 23 sequentially arranged on the glass cover plate 2 from bottom to top. Among them, the first dielectric layer 21 can be one of AlN, TiO2, HfO2, Cr2O3, with a thickness of 1-100 nanometers; the metal layer can be composed of one of Ag, Au, Al, Cu, with a thickness of 1-50 nanometers; the second dielectric layer 23 can be one of AlN, TiO2, HfO2, Cr2O3, with a thickness of 1-100 nanometers.

[0018] In the present invention, the solar panel can be composed of one of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon or thin-film solar cells; the glass cover plate can be composed of one of tempered glass, borosilicate glass, and ultra-white glass; the back plate can be composed of one of carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel; the sealing frame can be composed of one of rubber-plastic foaming materials, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel.

[0019] Example 1

[0020] In the photovoltaic module with temperature regulation function of this embodiment, the solar panel is a polycrystalline silicon panel; the glass cover plate is made of tempered glass with a thickness of 3 mm; the back plate is made of aluminum alloy with a thickness of 2 mm; the sealing frame is made of rubber-plastic foaming material, playing a role in supporting and sealing the photovoltaic module.

[0021] An AlN / Ag / AlN selective transmission coating is prepared on the surface of the glass cover plate, where the AlN thickness close to the glass cover plate is 30 nm; the thickness of the metal Ag layer is 15 nm; the thickness of the outermost AlN is 60 nm.

[0022] The transmittance of this photovoltaic module to the solar spectrum is 90%, and the transmittance to infrared light is 10%. It has excellent selective transmittance characteristics, effectively reducing the temperature of the photovoltaic module during operation. At the same time, this module also has the characteristics of being easy to manufacture and install.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function, characterized in that, It is composed of a solar panel, a glass cover plate, a back plate and a sealing frame. Among them, the solar panel is located at the central position of the photovoltaic module; the glass cover plate covers the solar panel, and a spectral selective transmission coating is prepared on the surface of the glass cover plate, and the spectral selective transmission coating is a multi-layer film structure; the back plate is located below the solar panel; the sealing frame is located around the solar panel and plays a role in supporting and sealing the photovoltaic module; The spectral selective transmission coating includes a first dielectric layer, a metal layer and a second dielectric layer which are sequentially arranged on the glass cover plate from bottom to top; the first dielectric layer is AlN or HfO2; the metal layer is one of Ag, Au, Al, Cu; the second dielectric layer is AlN or HfO2; The transmittance of the photovoltaic module to the solar radiation band is >80%, and the transmittance to the infrared radiation band is <15%.

2. The photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the first dielectric layer is 1-100 nanometers, the thickness of the metal layer is 1-50 nanometers, and the thickness of the second dielectric layer is 1-100 nanometers.

3. The photovoltaic module with a temperature regulation function according to claim 1, wherein, The solar panel is composed of one of monocrystalline silicon, polycrystalline silicon, copper indium gallium selenide, and copper indium selenide sulfur; the glass cover plate is composed of one of tempered glass, borosilicate glass, and ultra-white glass; the back plate is composed of one of carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel; the sealing frame is composed of one of rubber and plastic foaming materials, carbon steel, aluminum alloy, and stainless steel.

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