A production device and production process for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass

Abstract

The present invention provides a production device and a production process for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass, comprising: a pretreatment unit and a carbon powder slurry oil preparation unit. The pretreatment unit is connected to the carbon powder slurry oil preparation unit through a pipeline. The pretreatment unit includes a biomass separator, a pyrolysis furnace, and a baking furnace. The discharge port of the biomass separator is connected to the feed ports of the pyrolysis furnace and the baking furnace through pipelines. The inlet of the condensation separator is connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace. The condensation separator has two outlets, which are respectively connected to a combustion chamber and a carbon powder slurry oil preparation device. In the present invention, the pyrolysis liquefaction of biomass can be appropriately dispersed at the raw material production site, and the obtained bio-oil and biochar are relatively easy to collect, transport, and store; different biomasses can be classified and comprehensively utilized according to the ash melting point, and more high-quality slurry oil can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of biomass energy, and specifically to a production device and a production process for preparing slurry and biochar from biomass. Background Art

[0002] Biomass is the only carbon-containing renewable carbon source, with the characteristics of low sulfur content, wide resources, permanent utilization and no increase in the total amount of CO 2 cycle. By using the method of pyrolysis gasification to convert it into high-grade slurry and biochar, not only can humans get rid of the dependence on limited fossil resources, but also a large amount of carbon raw materials can be provided for the markets such as activated carbon, barbecue charcoal, and capacitor carbon. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a production device and a production process for preparing slurry and biochar from biomass, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] The technical problem solved by the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: A production device for preparing slurry and biochar from biomass includes: a pretreatment unit and a carbon powder slurry preparation unit. The pretreatment unit is connected to the carbon powder slurry preparation unit through a pipeline. The pretreatment unit includes a biomass separator, a pyrolysis furnace, and a baking furnace. The discharge port of the biomass separator is connected to the feed ports of the pyrolysis furnace and the baking furnace through pipelines. The baking furnace is divided into two parts, namely a baking chamber and a heat exchange chamber; the pyrolysis furnace is divided into two parts, namely a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber. The biomass separator has two outlets, which are respectively connected to the pyrolysis chamber and the baking chamber. The combustion chamber is connected to the heat exchange chamber through a pipeline. The inlet of the condensation separator is connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace. The outlet of the condensation separator has two branches, which are respectively connected to the combustion chamber and the carbon powder slurry preparation device.

[0005] The lower end of the carbon powder slurry preparation device is provided with a slurry discharge port, and the slurry discharge port is connected to the slurry conveying pipeline through a connecting flange. One side of the baking chamber is connected to the carbon powder slurry preparation device through a pipeline.

[0006] The heat exchange chamber is provided with a flue gas discharge port, and the flue gas discharge port is connected to the exhaust pipe through a connecting flange. The exhaust pipe is provided with a tail gas treatment device.

[0007] The pyrolysis chamber is provided with a biochar discharge port, and a discharge hopper is provided on the biochar discharge port.

[0008] A production process for producing natural gas from biomass based on pyrolysis liquefaction, which is produced by using a production device for preparing slurry and biochar from biomass, includes the following steps:

[0009] Step (1). Biomass is added to a biomass separator and sorted into low-alkali biomass and high-alkali biomass; the low-alkali biomass enters the baking chamber of a baking furnace for baking to produce baked carbon and baking gas, and the baking gas enters the combustion chamber of a pyrolysis furnace for combustion; the high-alkali biomass enters the pyrolysis chamber of the pyrolysis furnace for pyrolysis to produce pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon, and the pyrolysis gas is sent to a condensation separator.

[0010] Step (2). The pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated in the condensation separator to obtain pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gas. The non-condensable gas is sent to the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis furnace for combustion, and the pyrolysis oil enters a carbon powder oil slurry preparation device and is uniformly mixed with the baked carbon coming out of the baking chamber to form an oil slurry.

[0011] Step (3). The baking gas and the non-condensable gas burn in the combustion chamber of the pyrolysis furnace to generate high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas first heats the biomass in the pyrolysis chamber; the flue gas after temperature reduction enters the heat exchange chamber of the baking furnace, heats the biomass in the baking chamber, and then is discharged from the heat exchange chamber.

[0012] Further, in the step (1), the biomass with an alkali metal content in the ash higher than 6.5% is classified as high-alkali biomass, and the biomass with an alkali metal content lower than 6.5% is classified as low-alkali biomass; the mass ratio of the low-alkali biomass to the high-alkali biomass is within the range of 1:10 - 2:1.

[0013] Further, in the step (1), the alkali metals include potassium oxide and sodium oxide.

[0014] Further, in the step (1), the residence time of the high-alkali biomass in the pyrolysis furnace 2 is 1 - 100 seconds, and the reaction temperature is 450 - 680 °C; the residence time of the low-alkali biomass in the baking furnace 3 is 0.5 - 20 minutes, and the reaction temperature is 120 - 350 °C.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the pyrolysis liquefaction of biomass according to the present invention can be appropriately dispersed at the raw material production site, and the obtained bio-oil and bio-carbon are relatively easy to collect, transport and store; different biomasses can be classified and comprehensively utilized according to the ash melting point, and more high-quality bio-oil slurries can be obtained. Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0017] In order to make the implementation means, creative features, achieved objectives and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific illustrations. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components.

[0018] As Figure 1 shown, a production device for preparing slurry and biochar from biomass includes: a pretreatment unit and a carbon powder slurry preparation unit. The pretreatment unit is connected to the carbon powder slurry preparation unit through a pipeline. The pretreatment unit includes a biomass separator 1, a pyrolysis furnace 2, and a baking furnace 3. The discharge port of the biomass separator 1 is connected to the feed ports of the pyrolysis furnace 2 and the baking furnace 3 through pipelines. The baking furnace 3 is divided into two parts, namely a baking chamber 302 and a heat exchange chamber 301. The pyrolysis furnace 2 is divided into two parts, namely a pyrolysis chamber 201 and a combustion chamber 202. The biomass separator 1 has two outlets, which are respectively connected to the pyrolysis chamber 201 and the baking chamber 302. The combustion chamber 202 is connected to the heat exchange chamber 301 through a pipeline. The inlet of the condensation separator 4 is connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 2. The outlet of the condensation separator 4 has two branches, which are respectively connected to the combustion chamber 202 and the carbon powder slurry preparation device 5.

[0019] The lower end of the carbon powder slurry preparation device 5 is provided with a slurry discharge port, and the slurry discharge port is connected to the slurry conveying pipeline through a connecting flange. One side of the baking chamber 302 is connected to the carbon powder slurry preparation device 5 through a pipeline.

[0020] The heat exchange chamber 301 is provided with a flue gas discharge port, and the flue gas discharge port is connected to the exhaust pipe through a connecting flange. An exhaust gas treatment device is provided on the exhaust pipe.

[0021] The pyrolysis chamber 201 is provided with a biochar discharge port, and a discharge hopper is provided on the biochar discharge port.

[0022] A production process for producing natural gas from biomass based on pyrolysis liquefaction, which is produced by using a production device for preparing slurry and biochar from biomass, includes the following steps:

[0023] Step (1). Biomass is added to the biomass separator 1 and sorted into low-alkali biomass and high-alkali biomass. The low-alkali biomass enters the baking chamber 302 of the baking furnace 3 for baking to generate baked carbon and baking gas. The baking gas enters the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion. The high-alkali biomass enters the pyrolysis chamber 201 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for pyrolysis to generate pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon. The pyrolysis gas is sent to the condensation separator 4.

[0024] Step (2). The pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated in the condensation separator 4 to obtain pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gas. The non-condensable gas is sent to the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion, and the pyrolysis oil enters the carbon powder oil slurry preparation device 5 and is uniformly mixed with the roasted carbon coming out of the roasting chamber 302 to form an oil slurry.

[0025] Step (3). The roasting gas and the non-condensable gas are burned in the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 to generate high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas first heats the biomass in the pyrolysis chamber 201; the cooled flue gas enters the heat exchange chamber 301 of the roasting furnace 3, heats the biomass in the roasting chamber 302, and then discharges from the heat exchange chamber 301.

[0026] Specifically, in the step (1), the biomass with an alkali metal content higher than 6.5% in the ash is classified as high-alkali biomass, and the biomass with an alkali metal content lower than 6.5% is classified as low-alkali biomass; the mass ratio of low-alkali biomass to high-alkali biomass is in the range of 1:10 - 2:1.

[0027] Specifically, in the step (1), the alkali metals include potassium oxide and sodium oxide.

[0028] Specifically, in the step (1), the residence time of the high-alkali biomass in the pyrolysis furnace 2 is 1 - 100 seconds, and the reaction temperature is 450 - 680 °C; the residence time of the low-alkali biomass in the roasting furnace 3 is 0.5 - 20 minutes, and the reaction temperature is 120 - 350 °C.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] Rice husks and wheat straw are added to the biomass separator 1. The alkali metal content in the ash of the rice husks is 1.5% and is sorted into low-alkali biomass. The alkali metal content in the ash of the wheat straw is 15.2% and is sorted into high-alkali biomass; the mass ratio between the rice husks and the wheat straw is 1:5. The rice husks enter the roasting chamber 302 of the roasting furnace 3 for roasting. The roasting temperature is 210 °C and the roasting time is 5 minutes, generating roasted rice husk carbon and roasting gas. The roasting gas enters the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion; the wheat straw enters the pyrolysis chamber 201 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis temperature is 550 °C and the residence time is 18 seconds, generating pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis carbon. The wheat straw pyrolysis gas is sent to the condensation separator 4. The pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated in the condensation separator 4 to obtain wheat straw pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gas. The non-condensable gas is sent to the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion, and the wheat straw pyrolysis oil enters the carbon powder oil slurry preparation device 5 and is uniformly mixed with the roasted rice husk carbon coming out of the roasting chamber 302 to form an oil slurry. The roasted rice husk gas and the wheat straw non-condensable gas are burned in the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 to generate high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas first heats the biomass in the pyrolysis chamber 201; the cooled flue gas enters the heat exchange chamber 301 of the roasting furnace 3, heats the rice husks in the roasting chamber 302, and then discharges from the heat exchange chamber 301.

[0031] Example 2:

[0032] Wood chips and rice straw are added to the biomass separator 1. The alkali metal content in the ash of the wood chips is 0.98%, and they are separated into low-alkali biomass. The alkali metal content in the ash of the rice straw is 19.5%, and it is separated into high-alkali biomass. The mass ratio between the wood chips and the rice straw is 2:3. The wood chips enter the baking chamber 302 of the baking furnace 3 for baking. The baking temperature is 180°C, and the baking time is 7 minutes, generating wood chip baked charcoal and baking gas. The baking gas enters the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion. The rice straw enters the pyrolysis chamber 201 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis temperature is 490°C, and the residence time is 12 seconds, generating pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis charcoal. The rice straw pyrolysis gas is sent to the condensation separator 4. The pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated in the condensation separator 4 to obtain rice straw pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gas. The non-condensable gas is sent to the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion. The rice straw pyrolysis oil enters the carbon powder oil slurry preparation device 5 and is uniformly mixed with the wood chip baked charcoal coming out of the baking chamber 302 to form an oil slurry. The wood chip baking gas and the rice straw non-condensable gas burn in the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 to generate high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas first heats the biomass in the pyrolysis chamber 201. The flue gas after temperature reduction enters the heat exchange chamber 301 of the baking furnace 3, heats the wood chips in the baking chamber 302, and then is discharged from the heat exchange chamber 301.

[0033] Example 3:

[0034] Bamboo chips and tobacco stalks are added to the biomass separator 1. The alkali metal content in the ash of the bamboo chips is 0.98%, and they are separated into low-alkali biomass. The alkali metal content in the ash of the tobacco stalks is 19.5%, and it is separated into high-alkali biomass. The mass ratio between the bamboo chips and the tobacco stalks is 1:1. The bamboo chips enter the baking chamber 302 of the baking furnace 3 for baking. The baking temperature is 180°C, and the baking time is 7 minutes, generating bamboo chip baked charcoal and baking gas. The baking gas enters the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion. The tobacco stalks enter the pyrolysis chamber 201 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for pyrolysis. The pyrolysis temperature is 490°C, and the residence time is 12 seconds, generating pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis charcoal. The tobacco stalk pyrolysis gas is sent to the condensation separator 4. The pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated in the condensation separator 4 to obtain tobacco stalk pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gas. The non-condensable gas is sent to the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 for combustion. The tobacco stalk pyrolysis oil enters the carbon powder oil slurry preparation device 5 and is uniformly mixed with the bamboo chip baked charcoal coming out of the baking chamber 302 to form an oil slurry. The bamboo chip baking gas and the tobacco stalk non-condensable gas burn in the combustion chamber 202 of the pyrolysis furnace 2 to generate high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas first heats the biomass in the pyrolysis chamber 201. The flue gas after temperature reduction enters the heat exchange chamber 301 of the baking furnace 3, heats the bamboo chips in the baking chamber 302, and then is discharged from the heat exchange chamber 301.

[0035] The present invention classifies biomass into high-alkali biomass and low-alkali biomass, and feeds the two types of biomass into corresponding reaction furnaces for pyrolysis liquefaction to obtain biochar, bio-oil and pyrolysis gas. Then, the bio-oil is mixed with the baked carbon of low-alkali biomass for gasification to prepare bio-oil slurry. This method has the following advantages: (1) Pyrolysis liquefaction of biomass can be carried out moderately dispersedly at the raw material production site, and the obtained bio-oil and biochar are relatively easy to collect, transport and store; (2) Different biomasses are classified and comprehensively utilized according to the ash melting point, and more high-quality bio-oil slurry can be obtained.

[0036] In summary, the present invention is a heat treatment method that can convert low-grade solid biomass raw materials into high-quality oil slurry and biochar, which can effectively alleviate the problem of greenhouse gas emissions. It is a sustainable and clean energy conversion technology with potential advantages and great application prospects in terms of economy and technology.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of the present invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A production equipment for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass, include: A pretreatment unit and a charcoal powder oil slurry preparation unit, wherein the pretreatment unit is connected to the charcoal powder oil slurry preparation unit via a pipeline, and is characterized in that: the pretreatment unit comprises a biomass sorter (1), a pyrolysis furnace (2), and a baking furnace (3); the discharge port of the biomass sorter (1) is connected to the feed ports of the pyrolysis furnace (2) and the baking furnace (3) via a pipeline; the baking furnace (3) is divided into two parts, namely a baking chamber (302) and a heat exchange chamber (301); the pyrolysis furnace (2) is divided into two parts, namely a pyrolysis chamber (201) and a combustion chamber (202); the biomass sorter (1) has two outlets, which are respectively connected to the pyrolysis chamber (201) and the baking chamber (302); the combustion chamber (202) and the heat exchange chamber (301) are connected via a pipeline; the inlet of the condensation separator (4) is connected to the outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (2); the condensation separator (4) has two outlets, which are respectively connected to the combustion chamber (202) and the charcoal powder oil slurry preparation device (5).

2. The production equipment for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass according to claim 1, Features: The lower end of the carbon powder oil slurry preparation device (5) is provided with an oil slurry discharge outlet, which is connected to the oil slurry delivery pipeline via a connecting flange, and one side of the baking chamber (302) is connected to the carbon powder oil slurry preparation device (5) via a pipeline.

3. A production equipment for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass according to claim 1 or 2, Features: The heat exchange chamber (301) is provided with a smoke exhaust outlet, the smoke exhaust outlet is connected to a smoke exhaust pipe via a connecting flange, and the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust gas treatment device.

4. The production equipment for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass according to claim 3, Features: The pyrolysis chamber (201) is provided with a biochar discharge outlet, and a discharge hopper is provided on the biochar discharge outlet.

5. A process for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass, which is produced by using the production equipment for preparing slurry oil and biochar from biomass according to any one of claims 1 to 4. Features: It includes the following steps: Step (1). Biomass is added to a biomass sorter (1) and sorted into low-alkali biomass and high-alkali biomass; the low-alkali biomass enters a baking chamber (302) of a baking furnace (3) for baking to produce baking charcoal and baking gas, and the baking gas enters a combustion chamber (202) of a pyrolysis furnace (2) for combustion; the high-alkali biomass enters a pyrolysis chamber (201) of a pyrolysis furnace (2) for pyrolysis to produce pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis charcoal, and the pyrolysis gas is sent to a condensation separator (4); Step (2). The pyrolysis gas is condensed and separated in the condensation separator (4) to obtain pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gas. The non-condensable gas is sent to the combustion chamber (202) of the pyrolysis furnace (2) for combustion. The pyrolysis oil enters the charcoal powder oil slurry preparation device (5) and is evenly mixed with the roasted charcoal from the roasting chamber (302) to prepare an oil slurry. Step (3). The baking gas and the non-condensable gas burn in the combustion chamber (202) of the pyrolysis furnace (2) to generate high-temperature flue gas. The high-temperature flue gas first heats the biomass in the pyrolysis chamber (201). The cooled flue gas enters the heat exchange chamber (301) of the baking furnace (3), heats the biomass in the baking chamber (302), and then is discharged from the heat exchange chamber (301). In the step (1), the biomass with an alkali metal content higher than 6.5% in the ash is classified as high-alkali biomass, and the biomass with an alkali metal content lower than 6.5% is classified as low-alkali biomass. The mass ratio of the low-alkali biomass to the high-alkali biomass is in the range of 1:10 - 2:

1.

6. A production process for preparing slurry and biochar from biomass according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step (1), the residence time of the high-alkali biomass in the pyrolysis furnace is 1 - 100 seconds, and the reaction temperature is 450 - 680 °C; the residence time of the low-alkali biomass in the baking furnace is 0.5 - 20 minutes, and the reaction temperature is 120 - 350 °C.

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