A self-draining acoustic wave agglomeration device

Abstract

The present invention discloses a self-induction type acoustic wave agglomeration device, belonging to the technical field of particle agglomeration. The present invention comprises a Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and a horn, wherein a gap is provided between the air outlet end of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn; the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn are connected as a whole through a connecting mechanism; the wide mouth end of the horn is connected to the agglomeration chamber; the air source of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source is provided with air by an air compressor. In the device of the present invention, the spacing between the outer wall of the nozzle and the horn and the spacing between the nozzle and the resonance cavity will generate self-induction at a certain ratio, and the external gas can be continuously sucked into the agglomeration chamber without the need for an induced draft fan, and the fine particles in the air flow can stay in the agglomeration chamber for a period of time for agglomeration, and finally the agglomerates are discharged from the side opening.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of particle agglomeration, and in particular to a self-induction type acoustic wave agglomeration device. Background Art

[0002] Fire is one of the most frequent natural disasters, and it is extremely destructive, seriously threatening the safety of life and property of the people. When a fire occurs, a large amount of smoke is often produced. Due to its strong light-blocking and toxicity, smoke poses a great threat to escape and rescue personnel in the fire scene. The number of deaths caused by smoke accounts for about 80% of the total number of deaths. Therefore, in order to eliminate the thick smoke and harmful aerosol particles in the fire smoke, the fire smoke needs to be effectively controlled. The actual effect of common control measures such as smoke blocking, smoke exhaust and smoke prevention is limited, and under certain conditions, it will aggravate the spread of smoke.

[0003] In addition, some factories have a lot of dust pollution during the production process, posing a serious threat to the health of workers.

[0004] Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a device or method that can efficiently remove smoke or dust.

[0005] This research group has previously developed several sound wave agglomeration devices, such as the Chinese invention patent with application publication number CN111228940A, which discloses a sound source device for sound wave agglomeration, belonging to the field of environmental protection equipment technology. The device includes a connecting pipe, a horn cover, a nozzle installed in the horn cover, a central connecting rod and a resonance chamber; the connecting pipe is arranged at the center of the horn cover, the first end of the connecting pipe is located outside the horn cover, the second end is located inside the horn cover and a number of vents are arranged on the circumference; the nozzle is installed at the second end of the connecting pipe and the opening of the nozzle is arranged toward the opening of the horn cover; the first end of the central connecting rod extends into the nozzle and is fixedly connected to the second end of the connecting pipe, the first end of the central connecting rod is provided with a convex portion, and a slit is formed with the nozzle; the resonance chamber is installed at the second end of the central connecting rod. The device can generate sound waves with high sound pressure levels. Under the action of the flow field of the sound waves, the tiny particles in the air will move relative to each other, and the particles will collide with each other to produce agglomeration and then deposit. However, this structure will cause the airflow to blow away fine particles or smoke, which will interfere with the agglomeration of sound waves to a certain extent. Therefore, developing an acoustic agglomeration device that is more efficient in removing smoke or dust particles is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and solve the problem that the airflow in the acoustic wave agglomeration device in the prior art may scatter fine particles or smoke, causing interference with the acoustic wave agglomeration to a certain extent, the present invention provides a self-guiding acoustic wave agglomeration device.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A self-induction type sound wave agglomeration device comprises a Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and a horn, wherein a gap is provided between the air outlet end of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn; the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn are connected as a whole through a connecting mechanism; the wide mouth end of the horn is connected to an agglomeration chamber; and the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source is provided with an air source by an air compressor.

[0009] A gap is set between the air outlet end of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn. After the high-pressure gas is discharged from the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source, a high-intensity sound field is generated between the air outlet end of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn, and a negative pressure environment is also formed. An airflow carrying fine particles is continuously guided to the agglomeration chamber. In the high-intensity sound field further amplified by the horn, the small particles are agglomerated and then self-guided from the narrow mouth of the horn to the gap between the air outlet end of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn, and then discharged and settled to the ground.

[0010] As an implementation mode, the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source includes a nozzle, a center rod and a resonance cavity; the center rod is coaxially arranged with the nozzle, the end of the center rod is fixed to the bottom of the resonance cavity, and the part of the center rod located inside the nozzle is fixed by a support frame fixed to the inner wall of the nozzle. Of course, the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source can also be other structural forms.

[0011] As an embodiment, the ratio of the distance between the nozzle and the resonance cavity to the diameter of the nozzle is 1.1 to 2.0:1. Within this ratio range, the resonance cavity is in a turbulent mixing zone, which is more conducive to the Hartmann whistle aerodynamic sound source to generate a high-intensity sound field with sufficient intensity under working pressure. More preferably, the ratio of the distance between the nozzle and the resonance cavity to the diameter of the nozzle is 1.20 to 1.52:1.

[0012] As an implementation method, the ratio of the distance between the outer wall of the nozzle and the horn and the distance between the nozzle and the resonance cavity is used as the opening ratio, and the opening ratio is greater than 0.92. The gap between the nozzle and the horn has an opening (connected to the atmosphere), and when the airflow flows out of the nozzle to make a sound, due to pressure fluctuations and the generation of vortices, a part of the airflow will be entrained (creating a negative pressure environment). According to simulation tests, when the opening ratio is greater than 0.92, the mass flow rate of the gas in the agglomeration chamber is large.

[0013] As an embodiment, the diameter of the outer wall of the nozzle is the same as the diameter of the narrow end of the horn; the ratio of the inlet diameter of the resonance cavity to the air outlet diameter of the nozzle is 1.33:1 to 2.5:1. The ratio of the inlet diameter of the resonance cavity to the air outlet diameter of the nozzle within this range is more conducive to the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source to generate a high-intensity sound field with sufficient intensity under working pressure.

[0014] As an embodiment, the nozzle is connected to an air compressor through a pipeline, and the air compressor provides a high-pressure air source to the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source.

[0015] As an embodiment, the support frame is a circular ring disk with an air inlet hole or the support frame is composed of a plurality of support rods. When the support frame is a circular ring disk with an air inlet hole, the center rod is fixed at the center position of the circular ring disk, and a plurality of air inlet holes are arranged on the circular ring disk for the working gas to enter the nozzle. When the support frame is a plurality of support rods, each support rod is fixedly connected to the center rod and the inner wall of the nozzle, and the gap between each support rod serves as the air inlet.

[0016] As an embodiment, the connection mechanism is a plurality of connection rods; one end of each connection rod is fixed to the outer wall of the nozzle, and the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the narrow mouth end of the horn. The connection rod connects the horn and the nozzle as a whole, and an opening is formed between the horn and the nozzle.

[0017] As an embodiment, the agglomeration chamber is open at both ends, and one of the open ends of the agglomeration chamber is connected to the wide end of the horn as a whole.

[0018] As an embodiment, an inclined surface is provided between the nozzle opening and the outer wall of the nozzle, which helps the airflow containing the agglomerates to be discharged from the side opening.

[0019] As an implementation method, the side surface of the resonant cavity is an inclined surface. This structural setting can reduce the impact of airflow on the resonant cavity.

[0020] The device is used to carry out a method for self-drainage acoustic wave agglomeration. An air compressor supplies compressed air to a nozzle, and the compressed air is ejected through the nozzle in the form of a high-speed jet. After colliding with the bottom of the resonance cavity, the air near the resonance cavity mouth vibrates at a high frequency, generating high-intensity acoustic waves. The high-intensity acoustic waves are further enhanced by the horn. Since the nozzle is separated from the horn and has an opening (connected to the atmosphere), negative pressure can be generated, so that the gas and particles around the agglomeration chamber are continuously drained into the agglomeration chamber. The agglomeration chamber is connected to the horn to have a high-intensity acoustic field. Fine particles can be continuously acoustically agglomerated in the agglomeration chamber. The agglomerated particles continue to be drained to the outside of the horn, discharged through the gap between the horn and the nozzle, and settle to the ground.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] 1. In the self-induction type acoustic wave agglomeration device of the present invention, the distance between the outer wall of the nozzle and the horn and the distance between the nozzle and the resonance cavity will produce self-induction at a certain ratio. Without the need for an induced draft fan, the external gas can be continuously sucked into the agglomeration chamber, and the fine particles in the airflow can stay in the agglomeration chamber for a period of time to agglomerate, and finally the agglomerates are discharged from the side opening. The particle size of the large particles after agglomeration reaches 100 to 500 μm, and they will be directly settled to the ground under the influence of gravity and will not further diffuse into the atmosphere.

[0023] 2. The present invention improves the existing combination of the Hartmann whistle structure and the horn, separates the Hartmann whistle structure from the horn, and allows the airflow used for the sound of the Hartmann whistle to be discharged from the side opening, thereby separating the airflow from the sound, reducing the impact of high-speed airflow on the agglomeration of sound waves, and improving the agglomeration efficiency.

[0024] 3. The self-guiding acoustic wave agglomeration device of the present invention can be used to eliminate harmful aerosol particles, remove fire smoke / smoke, etc. The device of the present invention can be used to continuously and effectively remove fire smoke in buildings, facilitate the escape of people trapped in the fire scene, or continuously and effectively remove harmful aerosol particles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partially enlarged schematic diagram of

[0029] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the support frame and the inner wall of the nozzle in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the present invention being installed in a building;

[0031] Figure 6 This is the trend diagram of the effect of the opening ratio on the gas mass flow rate in the agglomeration chamber;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a trend chart of the change of light transmittance of smoke under the action of sound waves;

[0033] Figure 8 These are scanning electron microscope photos of smoke before and after sonic agglomeration;

[0034] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the support frame and the inner wall of the nozzle in Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] It should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a self-guiding sound wave agglomeration device comprises a nozzle 5, a center rod 7, a resonance cavity 4, a horn 2 and an agglomeration chamber 1. The end of the center rod 7 is fixed to the bottom of the resonance cavity 4, and the front end of the center rod 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the nozzle 5 through a support frame, so that the center rod 7 connects the nozzle 5 and the resonance cavity 4 as a whole, and together they constitute a Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source.

[0039] In this embodiment, the support frame is a circular disk 6 with an air inlet hole, a center rod 7 is fixed at the center of the circular disk 6, an outer peripheral wall of the circular disk 6 is fixed to the inner wall of the nozzle 5, and a plurality of air inlet holes 8 are provided on the circular disk 6 for the working gas to enter the nozzle 5. The nozzle 5 is connected to an air compressor (not shown in the figure) through a pipeline, and the air compressor provides an air source for the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source.

[0040] The diameter of the outer wall of the nozzle 5 is the same as the outer diameter of the narrow end of the horn 2, and there is a gap between the air outlet end of the nozzle 5 and the horn 2; the nozzle 5 and the narrow end of the horn 2 are connected as a whole through three connecting rods 3, such as Figure 3As shown, an inclined surface is provided between the nozzle 5 and its outer wall, one end of each connecting rod 3 is fixed to the inclined surface, and the other end is fixed to the narrow end of the horn 2. In this way, there is an opening in the gap between the outlet end of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn.

[0041] The agglomeration chamber 1 is open at both ends, and one of the open ends of the agglomeration chamber 1 is connected to the wide end of the horn 2. The other open end of the agglomeration chamber 1 faces the area to be agglomerated.

[0042] The ratio of the distance between the nozzle 5 and the resonance cavity 4 (cavity opening end) to the diameter of the air outlet of the nozzle 5 is 1.1 to 2.0:1. Within this ratio range, the resonance cavity 4 is in a turbulent mixing zone, which is more conducive to the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source to generate a high-intensity sound field with sufficient intensity under working pressure. The ratio of the inlet diameter of the resonance cavity 4 to the air outlet diameter of the nozzle 5 is 1.33:1 to 2.5:1. Within this range, the ratio of the inlet diameter of the resonance cavity 4 to the air outlet diameter of the nozzle 5 is more conducive to the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source to generate a high-intensity sound field with sufficient intensity under working pressure.

[0043] The ratio of the distance between the outer wall of the nozzle 5 and the horn 2 and the distance between the nozzle 5 and the resonance cavity 4 (the cavity opening end) is taken as the opening ratio, and the opening ratio is greater than 0.92. The gap between the nozzle 5 and the horn 2 has an opening (connected to the atmosphere). When the airflow flows out of the nozzle to make a sound, due to pressure fluctuations and the generation of vortices, part of the airflow will be entrained (creating a negative pressure environment). Figure 6 As shown, according to the simulation test (intake pressure is 0.3MPa), when the opening ratio is greater than 0.92, there is 20-25kg / h of self-induced gas in the agglomeration chamber. The opening ratio decreases significantly after it exceeds 1.3, so it is more preferred to set the opening ratio to 0.92-1.3.

[0044] The device is used to carry out a method for self-drainage acoustic wave agglomeration. An air compressor provides compressed air (the intake pressure is 0.3 MPa) to a nozzle. The compressed air is ejected through the nozzle in the form of a high-speed jet. After colliding with the bottom of the resonance cavity, the air near the resonance cavity mouth vibrates at a high frequency, generating high-intensity acoustic waves. The high-intensity acoustic waves are further enhanced by the horn. Since the nozzle is separated from the horn and has an opening (connected to the atmosphere), negative pressure can be generated, so that the gas and particles around the agglomeration chamber are continuously drained into the agglomeration chamber. The agglomeration chamber is connected to the horn to have a high-intensity acoustic field. Fine particles can be continuously acoustically agglomerated in the agglomeration chamber. The agglomerated particles continue to be drained to the outside of the horn, discharged through the gap between the horn and the nozzle, and settle to the ground.

[0045] like Figure 7As shown, the light transmittance in the agglomeration chamber 1 increases rapidly, and most of the smoke in the agglomeration chamber is eliminated in 15 seconds. At 40 seconds, most of the smoke in the agglomeration chamber has been agglomerated into large particles and settled to the bottom. At this time, the light transmittance in the agglomeration chamber is close to 0.8. At 60 seconds, the light transmittance in the agglomeration chamber is close to 1, and basically all the smoke has been eliminated; This shows that the sonic agglomeration effect of the self-drainage sonic wave agglomeration device of the present invention is very good.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8 (a) is a scanning electron microscope image of particles in smoke before agglomeration; Figure 8 (b) is the scanning electron microscope image of the agglomerated particles; Figure 8 It can be seen that after the acoustic wave agglomeration, the large particles reach a size of 100 to 500 μm and will settle directly to the ground under the influence of gravity.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] Compared with Example 1, Fig. 9 As shown, the support frame is composed of three support rods 9, one end of each support rod 9 is fixed to the inner wall of the nozzle 5, and the other end is fixed to the center rod 7. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] On the basis of Example 1, the side wall surface of the resonance cavity 4 is set to an inclined surface with an angle of 5° to 10° to reduce the impact of the airflow on the resonance cavity 4.

[0051] In addition to being used to eliminate smoke at fire sites, the device of the present invention can also be used to eliminate harmful gas leaks caused by accidents in chemical sites, and to eliminate some factories containing a lot of dust. After small particles are agglomerated into large particles, they are prevented from spreading into the atmosphere, and are also convenient for collecting and processing these particles.

[0052] like Figure 5 As shown, when the present invention is installed in a building, most of the entire device is placed outside the building, the front part of the agglomeration chamber 1 is embedded in the wall of the building, and the open end of the agglomeration chamber 1 is flush with the indoor wall surface.

Claims

1. A self-inducing sound wave agglomeration device, comprising a Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and a horn, characterized in that: There is a gap between the air outlet end of the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn; the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source and the horn are connected as a whole through a connecting mechanism; the wide mouth end of the horn is connected to the agglomeration chamber; the Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source is provided with an air source by an air compressor; The Hartmann whistle pneumatic sound source comprises a nozzle, a center rod and a resonance cavity; the center rod is coaxially arranged with the nozzle, the end of the center rod is fixed to the bottom of the resonance cavity, and the part of the center rod located inside the nozzle is fixed by a support frame fixed to the inner wall of the nozzle; The ratio of the distance between the nozzle and the resonant cavity to the diameter of the nozzle is 1.1 to 2.0:1; The ratio of the distance between the outer wall of the nozzle and the horn to the distance between the nozzle and the resonance cavity is taken as the opening ratio, and the opening ratio is greater than 0.

92.

2. The self-induction acoustic wave agglomeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the outer wall of the nozzle is the same as the diameter of the narrow mouth end of the horn; the ratio of the inlet diameter of the resonance cavity to the air outlet diameter of the nozzle is 1.33:1 to 2.5:

1.

3. The self-induction acoustic wave agglomeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle is connected to an air compressor via a pipe.

4. The self-induction acoustic wave agglomeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is a circular ring disk with air inlet holes or the support frame is composed of a plurality of support rods.

5. The self-induction acoustic wave agglomeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism is a plurality of connecting rods; one end of each connecting rod is fixed to the outer wall of the nozzle, and the other end is fixed to the outer wall of the narrow mouth end of the horn.

6. The self-induction acoustic wave agglomeration device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The agglomeration chamber is open at both ends, and one of the open ends of the agglomeration chamber is connected to the wide end of the horn as a whole.

7. The self-induction acoustic wave agglomeration device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inclined surface is arranged between the nozzle opening and the outer wall of the nozzle.

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