Combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace

Abstract

The present invention relates to biomass pyrolysis technology, and particularly to a combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing biomass. To improve the thermal energy utilization rate during the biomass pyrolysis process, the present invention provides a combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace, which includes a main furnace and an auxiliary furnace, and the capacity V of the auxiliary furnace 副 is less than or equal to 70% of the capacity V of the main furnace 主 ; a main furnace combustion chamber is provided in the main furnace, and a combustion point is provided at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber, and the combustion points are evenly distributed at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber; a heating chamber is provided in the auxiliary furnace, and an exhaust gas pipe is provided between the heating chamber and the main furnace combustion chamber. The exhaust gas pipe is connected to the main furnace combustion chamber at the top of the main furnace combustion chamber and is connected to the heating chamber at the bottom of the heating chamber. When the combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention is used to pyrolyze fruit wood materials, the waste heat in the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace is recovered and utilized by the auxiliary furnace, which can effectively improve the thermal energy utilization rate and avoid heat waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a biomass pyrolysis technology, in particular to a combined main-side biomass pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing biomass. Background Art

[0002] When fruit wood materials such as apple wood, peach wood and walnut wood are pyrolyzed, combustible gases (methane, hydrogen and carbon monoxide), liquids (wood vinegar and wood tar) and solids (carbonitrides) are produced.

[0003] At present, when the existing biomass pyrolysis furnace is used to pyrolyze fruit wood materials, only about 60% of the total heat supply of the furnace body can be utilized, and the remaining 40% of the heat is discharged as waste gas, resulting in low thermal energy utilization and heat waste. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to improve the utilization rate of heat energy in the process of biomass pyrolysis, the present invention proposes a combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace, the combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace comprises a main furnace and an auxiliary furnace, and the capacity of the auxiliary furnace is V 副 Less than or equal to the capacity V of the main furnace 主 70%; the main furnace is provided with a main furnace combustion chamber, the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber is provided with a combustion point, and the combustion point is evenly distributed at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber; the auxiliary furnace is provided with a heating chamber, an exhaust pipe is provided between the heating chamber and the main furnace combustion chamber, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the main furnace combustion chamber at the top of the main furnace combustion chamber, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the heating chamber at the bottom of the heating chamber. In the main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the combined body of the present invention, the heating chamber in the auxiliary furnace is connected with the main furnace combustion chamber through the exhaust pipe, so that the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace combustion chamber can be introduced into the heating chamber of the auxiliary furnace by the exhaust pipe to heat the auxiliary furnace, and then the auxiliary furnace uses the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace to bring out the residual heat to heat and complete the pyrolysis of the biomass in the auxiliary furnace. It can be seen that when the main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the combined body of the present invention is used to pyrolyze fruit wood materials, the auxiliary furnace is used to recycle the waste heat in the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of thermal energy and avoid heat waste.

[0005] Preferably, the main furnace includes a main furnace inner container, a main furnace support, and a main furnace heat insulation layer. The main furnace inner container lies horizontally in the main furnace support and is located inside the main furnace heat insulation layer. The main furnace combustion chamber is located between the main furnace inner container and the main furnace heat insulation layer, and a main furnace filler opening is provided at the end of the main furnace inner container; the auxiliary furnace includes an auxiliary furnace inner container, an auxiliary furnace support, and an auxiliary furnace heat insulation layer. The auxiliary furnace inner container lies horizontally in the auxiliary furnace support and is located inside the auxiliary furnace heat insulation layer. The heating chamber is located between the auxiliary furnace inner container and the auxiliary furnace heat insulation layer, and an auxiliary furnace filler opening is provided at the end of the auxiliary furnace inner container. In such a combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace, biomass, such as fruit wood materials, is added through the main furnace filler opening at the end of the main furnace inner container and the auxiliary furnace filler opening at the end of the auxiliary furnace inner container. The filling is convenient and the cost is low, which can reduce the pyrolysis cost of biomass. In addition, in the combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention, the main furnace combustion chamber in the main furnace is located between the main furnace inner container and the main furnace heat insulation layer, and can directly heat the biomass in the main furnace inner container; the heating chamber in the auxiliary furnace is located between the auxiliary furnace inner container and the auxiliary furnace heat insulation layer, and can directly heat the biomass in the auxiliary furnace inner container. Therefore, it can be seen that the combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention can improve the thermal utilization rate of fuel combustion and effectively reduce the pyrolysis cost of biomass.

[0006] Preferably, a main gas collecting pipe is provided at the top of the main furnace inner container and the auxiliary furnace inner container. The main gas collecting pipe is connected to the main furnace inner container and the auxiliary furnace inner container through gas collecting branch pipes at the top of the main furnace inner container and the auxiliary furnace inner container. The main gas collecting pipe is connected to the main furnace combustion chamber through a return gas branch pipe at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber. In this way, during use, the combustible gas generated by biomass pyrolysis can be collected by the gas collecting branch pipes and the main gas collecting pipe, and the combustible gas can be transported to the main furnace combustion chamber through the return gas branch pipe, so as to realize the recycling of the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis and further reduce the pyrolysis cost of biomass. Further, the main gas collecting pipe is connected to the heating chamber through a return gas sub-branch pipe at the bottom of the heating chamber. In this way, when the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace alone is not sufficient to meet the heating requirements of the auxiliary furnace, the combustible gas collected by the gas collecting branch pipes and the main gas collecting pipe can be transported to the heating chamber of the auxiliary furnace through the return gas sub-branch pipe for combustion to heat the auxiliary furnace inner container, so as to ensure the heat required for the auxiliary furnace to pyrolyze biomass and avoid the inability to complete the pyrolysis of biomass due to insufficient heating heat in the auxiliary furnace.

[0007] Preferably, the gas collecting main pipe is connected to the gas return branch pipe and the gas return sub-branch pipe through the gas return pipe, and an exhaust fan is arranged between the gas collecting main pipe and the gas return pipe, the air inlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the gas collecting main pipe, and the air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the gas return pipe. In this way, during use, the exhaust fan can be used to extract the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass in the main furnace liner and the auxiliary furnace liner through the gas collecting main pipe and the gas collecting branch pipe, effectively improving the recovery efficiency of the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis. Further, the free end of the return pipe is connected to the recovery pipe, and the recovery pipe is connected to the return branch pipe and the return sub-branch pipe. In this way, during the pyrolysis process, the recovery pipe can be used to recover the excess combustible gas in the return pipe, and the excess combustible gas can be re-transported to the return branch pipe and the return sub-branch pipe through the recovery pipe to be sent to the main furnace combustion chamber and the heating chamber of the auxiliary furnace, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of the combustible gas and avoiding the waste of combustible gas. Further preferably, a recovery fan is provided in the middle of the recovery pipe, so that in the process of recovering the combustible gas through the recovery pipe, the recovery fan can be used to increase the flow velocity of the combustible gas in the recovery pipe, thereby increasing the recovery velocity of the combustible gas.

[0008] Preferably, an exhaust pipe is provided on the top of the auxiliary furnace, and the exhaust pipe is connected to the heating chamber in the auxiliary furnace. In this way, the exhaust gas in the heating chamber in the auxiliary furnace can be centrally processed and discharged, reducing air pollution.

[0009] Preferably, the main furnace liner and the auxiliary furnace liner are both provided with a packing track. In this way, the transport vehicle can be used to move along the packing track to transport the biomass such as wood to be pyrolyzed into the main furnace liner and the auxiliary furnace liner, and the solid (carbonitride) obtained by pyrolysis can be transported out of the main furnace liner and the auxiliary furnace liner. The transportation is simple and convenient, and the packing and discharging efficiency can be effectively improved, thereby effectively reducing the packing and discharging costs, and further reducing the pyrolysis cost of biomass.

[0010] Preferably, four combustion points are arranged at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber. Thus, by arranging four combustion points at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber, the distance between two adjacent combustion points can be effectively controlled, thereby ensuring the heating temperature and stability in the main furnace inner tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the combined body of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view schematic diagram of the main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the combined body shown in ;

[0013] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The AA cross-sectional structure enlarged schematic diagram;

[0014] Figure 4 for Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure;

[0015] Figure 5 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the CC cross-sectional structure;

[0016] Figure 6 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the DD cross-sectional structure;

[0017] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main furnace support member in the main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the combined body of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] Next, combine Figure 1-7 The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention is described in detail.

[0019] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention comprises a main furnace 1 and an auxiliary furnace 2, and the capacity of the auxiliary furnace 2 is V 副 Less than or equal to the capacity V of the main furnace 1 主 Preferably, the capacity V of the auxiliary furnace 2 is 副 Smaller than the capacity V of the main furnace 1 主60% of the total heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace 1 can meet the heating needs of the auxiliary furnace 2. Among them, a main furnace combustion chamber 11 is provided in the main furnace 1, and a combustion point 12 is provided at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber 11, and the combustion point 12 is evenly distributed at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber 11. Preferably, the main furnace 1 includes a main furnace liner 13, a main furnace support 14 and a main furnace insulation layer 15, the main furnace liner 13 is placed in the main furnace support 14 and is located inside the main furnace insulation layer 15, the main furnace combustion chamber 11 is located between the main furnace liner 13 and the main furnace insulation layer 15, and a main furnace filling port (not shown in the figure) is provided at the end of the main furnace liner 13. In this way, biomass, such as wood material, is added through the main furnace filling port located at the end of the main furnace inner tank 13. The filling is convenient and low in cost, which can reduce the pyrolysis cost of biomass; the main furnace combustion chamber 11 in the main furnace 1 is located between the main furnace inner tank 13 and the main furnace insulation layer 15, which can directly heat the biomass in the main furnace inner tank 12, improve the thermal utilization rate of fuel combustion, and effectively reduce the pyrolysis cost of biomass. Preferably, a filling track 16 is provided inside the main furnace inner tank 13. In this way, a transport vehicle can be used to move along the filling track 16 to transport the biomass to be pyrolyzed, such as wood material, into the main furnace inner tank 13, and the solid (carbonitride) obtained by pyrolysis is transported out of the main furnace inner tank 13. The transportation is simple and convenient, which can effectively improve the filling and discharging efficiency of the main furnace 1, thereby effectively reducing the filling and discharging costs of the main furnace 1, and further reducing the pyrolysis cost of biomass. Preferably, the inner diameter of the main furnace inner tank 13 is D, and 2m≤D≤3.6m; the inner length of the main furnace inner tank 13 is L, and 3m≤L≤12m. Such a main furnace 1 can not only ensure the amount of biomass pyrolyzed in one time, but also facilitate the discharge of fillers. Preferably, four combustion points 12 are arranged at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber 11. In this way, by arranging four combustion points 12 at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber 11, the distance between two adjacent combustion points 12 can be effectively controlled, thereby ensuring the heating temperature and stability in the main furnace inner tank 13.

[0020] like Figure 1 , 2, 4 and 5, a heating chamber 21 is provided in the auxiliary furnace 2, an exhaust pipe 3 is provided between the heating chamber 21 and the main furnace combustion chamber 11, and the exhaust pipe 3 is connected with the main furnace combustion chamber 11 at the top of the main furnace combustion chamber 11, and the exhaust pipe 3 is connected with the heating chamber 21 at the bottom of the heating chamber 21. Preferably, the auxiliary furnace 2 includes an auxiliary furnace inner liner 22, an auxiliary furnace support 23 and an auxiliary furnace insulation layer 24, the auxiliary furnace inner liner 22 is placed in the auxiliary furnace support 23 and is located inside the auxiliary furnace insulation layer 24, the heating chamber 21 is located between the auxiliary furnace inner liner 22 and the auxiliary furnace insulation layer 24, and an auxiliary furnace filling port (not shown in the figure) is provided at the end of the auxiliary furnace inner liner 22. In this way, biomass, such as wood material, is added through the auxiliary furnace filling port located at the end of the auxiliary furnace inner tank. The filling is convenient and low in cost, which can reduce the pyrolysis cost of biomass; the heating chamber 21 in the auxiliary furnace 2 is located between the auxiliary furnace inner tank 22 and the auxiliary furnace insulation layer 24, and can directly heat the biomass in the auxiliary furnace inner tank 22, thereby improving the thermal utilization rate of fuel combustion and effectively reducing the pyrolysis cost of biomass. Preferably, a filling track 25 is provided inside the auxiliary furnace inner tank 22. In this way, a transport vehicle can be used to move along the filling track 25 to transport the biomass to be pyrolyzed, such as wood material, into the auxiliary furnace inner tank 22, and the solid (carbonitride) obtained by pyrolysis is transported out of the auxiliary furnace inner tank 22. The transportation is simple and convenient, which can effectively improve the filling and discharging efficiency of the auxiliary furnace 2, thereby effectively reducing the filling and discharging costs of the auxiliary furnace 2, and further reducing the pyrolysis cost of biomass.

[0021] like Figure 1-6As shown, a gas collecting main pipe 41 is provided at the top of the main furnace liner 13 and the auxiliary furnace liner 22, and the gas collecting main pipe 41 is connected with the main furnace liner 13 and the auxiliary furnace liner 22 at the top of the main furnace liner 13 and the auxiliary furnace liner 22 through the gas collecting branch pipe 42, and the gas collecting main pipe 41 is connected with the main furnace combustion chamber 11 at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber 11 in the main furnace 1 through the return gas branch pipe 51. In this way, during use, the gas collecting branch pipe 42 and the gas collecting main pipe 41 can be used to collect the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass in the main furnace liner 13 and the auxiliary furnace liner 22, and the combustible gas is transported to the main furnace combustion chamber 11 through the return gas branch pipe 51, so as to realize the recycling of the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis, and further reduce the pyrolysis cost of biomass. Preferably, the gas collecting main pipe 41 is connected with the heating chamber 21 at the bottom of the heating chamber 21 in the auxiliary furnace 2 through the return gas branch pipe 52. In this way, when the heating demand of the auxiliary furnace 2 cannot be met by heating the auxiliary furnace 2 using only the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace 1, the combustible gas collected by the gas collecting branch pipe 42 and the gas collecting main pipe 41 can be transported to the heating chamber 21 of the auxiliary furnace 2 by the return gas sub-branch pipe 52 to be burned to heat the auxiliary furnace inner tank 22, thereby ensuring the heat required for the auxiliary furnace 2 to pyrolyze the biomass and avoiding the inability of the auxiliary furnace 2 to complete the pyrolysis of the biomass due to insufficient heating heat. Preferably, the gas collecting main pipe 41 is connected to the return gas branch pipe 51 and the return gas sub-branch pipe 52 through the return gas pipe 5, and an exhaust fan 6 is provided between the gas collecting main pipe 41 and the return gas pipe 5, the air inlet of the exhaust fan 6 is connected to the gas collecting main pipe 41, and the air outlet of the exhaust fan 6 is connected to the return gas pipe 5. Thus, during use, the exhaust fan 6 can be used to extract the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis of biomass in the main furnace liner 13 and the auxiliary furnace liner 22 through the gas collecting main pipe 41 and the gas collecting branch pipe 42, thereby effectively improving the recovery efficiency of the combustible gas generated by the pyrolysis. Preferably, the free end of the return gas pipe 5 is connected to the recovery pipe 7, and the recovery pipe 7 is connected to the return gas branch pipe 51 and the return gas branch pipe 52. Thus, during the pyrolysis process, the recovery pipe 7 can be used to recover the excess combustible gas in the return gas pipe 5, and the excess combustible gas is re-transported to the return gas branch pipe 51 and the return gas branch pipe 52 through the recovery pipe 7 to be sent to the main furnace combustion chamber 11 of the main furnace 1 and the heating chamber 21 of the auxiliary furnace 2, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of the combustible gas and avoiding the waste of the combustible gas. Preferably, a recovery fan 8 is provided in the middle of the recovery pipe 7. Thus, in the process of recovering the combustible gas through the recovery pipe 7, the recovery fan 8 can be used to increase the flow velocity of the combustible gas in the recovery pipe, thereby increasing the recovery velocity of the combustible gas. Preferably, an exhaust pipe 9 is provided at the top of the auxiliary furnace 2, and the exhaust pipe 9 is connected to the heating chamber 21 in the auxiliary furnace 2. In this way, the exhaust gas in the heating chamber 21 in the auxiliary furnace 2 can be centrally processed and discharged to reduce air pollution.

[0022] like Figure 7As shown, the main furnace support member 14 in the main furnace 1 includes at least two support frames 141 arranged in parallel with each other and a plurality of connecting ribs (not shown in the figure) connecting the support frames 141. Among them, the support frame 141 includes a hoop 1411, a curved plate 1412 and a support clamping plate 1413. The hoop 1411 is clamped on the outer wall of the main furnace liner 13. The curved plate 1412 covers the upper half of the hoop 1411 and abuts against the inner wall of the main furnace insulation layer 15. The support clamping plate 1413 is located between the hoop 1411 and the curved plate 1412 and clamped on the outer edge of the hoop 1411, and the free end of the support clamping plate 1413 abuts against the inner curved surface of the curved plate 1412. Such a main furnace support member 14 has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. It can effectively support and fix the main furnace liner 13 inside the main furnace insulation layer 15, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the main furnace combustion chamber 11. Preferably, the connecting ribs are arranged along the axial direction of the hoop 1411 and are vertically connected to the hoop 1411. In addition, when the support frame 141 is located between two adjacent combustion points 12, a bottom support (not shown in the figure) can be provided at the bottom of the hoop 1411 to support the support frame 141. Of course, other structural support members can also be used as the main furnace support member, as long as the support member supports the main furnace liner 13 and stably fixes the main furnace liner 13 inside the main furnace insulation layer 15 and ensures the structural stability of the main furnace combustion chamber 11. In addition, the auxiliary furnace support member 23 in the auxiliary furnace 2 can also adopt the above-mentioned structural support member.

[0023] In the combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention, the heating chamber in the auxiliary furnace is connected to the combustion chamber of the main furnace through the exhaust pipe, so that the exhaust pipe can be used to introduce the exhaust gas discharged from the combustion chamber of the main furnace into the heating chamber of the auxiliary furnace to heat the auxiliary furnace, and then the auxiliary furnace uses the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace to bring out the remaining heat to heat and complete the pyrolysis of the biomass in the auxiliary furnace. It can be seen that when the combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace of the present invention is used to pyrolyze fruit wood materials, the auxiliary furnace is used to recycle the waste heat in the exhaust gas discharged from the main furnace, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of thermal energy and avoid heat waste.

Claims

1. A combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace, It is characterized in that The combined main and auxiliary biomass pyrolysis furnace comprises a main furnace and an auxiliary furnace, and the capacity of the auxiliary furnace is V 副 Less than or equal to the capacity V of the main furnace 主 70%; a main furnace combustion chamber is arranged in the main furnace, combustion points are arranged at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber, and the combustion points are evenly distributed at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber; a heating chamber is arranged in the auxiliary furnace, an exhaust pipe is arranged between the heating chamber and the main furnace combustion chamber, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the main furnace combustion chamber at the top of the main furnace combustion chamber, and the exhaust pipe is connected with the heating chamber at the bottom of the heating chamber.

2. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The main furnace comprises a main furnace inner shell, a main furnace support and a main furnace insulation layer, the main furnace inner shell is horizontally placed in the main furnace support and is located inside the main furnace insulation layer, the main furnace combustion chamber is located between the main furnace inner shell and the main furnace insulation layer, and a main furnace filling port is provided at the end of the main furnace inner shell; the auxiliary furnace comprises an auxiliary furnace inner shell, an auxiliary furnace support and an auxiliary furnace insulation layer, the auxiliary furnace inner shell is horizontally placed in the auxiliary furnace support and is located inside the auxiliary furnace insulation layer, the heating chamber is located between the auxiliary furnace inner shell and the auxiliary furnace insulation layer, and a auxiliary furnace filling port is provided at the end of the auxiliary furnace inner shell.

3. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 2, It is characterized in that A gas collecting main pipe is arranged on the top of the main furnace inner tank and the auxiliary furnace inner tank, and the gas collecting main pipe is connected with the main furnace inner tank and the auxiliary furnace inner tank at the top of the main furnace inner tank and the auxiliary furnace inner tank through a gas collecting branch pipe. The gas collecting main pipe is connected with the main furnace combustion chamber at the bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber through a return gas branch pipe.

4. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The gas collecting main pipe is communicated with the heating chamber at the bottom of the heating chamber through a gas return auxiliary branch pipe.

5. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The main air collecting pipe is connected to the return air branch pipe and the return air sub-branch pipe through the return air pipe, and an exhaust fan is arranged between the main air collecting pipe and the return air pipe, the air inlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the main air collecting pipe, and the air outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to the return air pipe.

6. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The free end of the return air pipe is communicated with the recovery pipe, and the recovery pipe is communicated with the return air branch pipe and the return air sub-branch pipe.

7. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to claim 6, It is characterized in that A recovery fan is arranged in the middle of the recovery pipe.

8. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that An exhaust pipe is provided on the top of the auxiliary furnace, and the exhaust pipe is communicated with the heating chamber in the auxiliary furnace.

9. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 2 to 7, It is characterized in that Filling tracks are arranged inside the main furnace inner liner and the auxiliary furnace inner liner.

10. The combined main and secondary biomass pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 7, It is characterized in that The bottom of the main furnace combustion chamber is provided with four combustion points.

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