Flue gas collecting system for mining and copper smelting environment

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of copper smelting environment flue gas smoke collection system, overall is closed factory building, according to the process requirement, there is blowing furnace, refining furnace and slag ladle tilting device, blowing furnace, refining furnace and slag ladle tilting device are respectively attached with smoke collection unit, the side furnace end of refining furnace is connected with dilution chamber, dilution chamber is connected with cold air pipeline, the smoke outlet of dilution chamber is connected to smoke collection pipeline one, the process flue gas of refining furnace is connected to smoke collection pipeline one through dilution chamber, the process flue gas of refining furnace, the process flue gas of refining furnace is mixed after being collected and transported to smoke collection pipeline one by blowing furnace gas collecting cover, and is connected to bag filter, the flue gas of gas outlet of bag filter is extracted by ring collection fan and is transported to desulfurization system and then is discharged;The process flue gas of refining furnace and slag ladle tilting device is collected by smoke collection cover, can be selected to pass through bag filter or be directly extracted by fan and be transported to desulfurization system and then be discharged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a flue gas collection system for a copper smelter, and in particular to a flue gas collection system generated in a copper smelter plant and during operation of related equipment arranged in the plant. Background Art

[0002] The copper smelting process uses sulfide ore as the main raw material, whose main components are Cu, S, and Fe. The molten copper-containing intermediate material produces flue gas containing oxides such as SO2 and SO3 during subsequent transportation and processing, and carries various metal particles. The generated flue gas is mainly used as raw material for the subsequent acid production process, and a small amount escapes into the surrounding environment. This part of the flue gas is referred to as environmental flue gas.

[0003] The copper smelting process is generally divided into continuous operation process and intermittent operation process according to the operation system. The present invention focuses on the intermittent operation process. The intermittent operation process is currently generally divided into four processes: smelting - blowing - refining - electrolysis. The blowing and refining processes are generally carried out in the same main plant. Due to the use of an intermittent operation mode and the large differences in the flow rate, composition, temperature and duration of the flue gas output of the two processes, traditional smelting workshops are generally equipped with multiple sets of environmental flue gas collection systems (hereinafter referred to as environmental collection systems) to separately process the flue gas output of different processes.

[0004] The blowing process using intermittent operation technology generally adopts a horizontal rotary furnace body, and the commonly used furnace types are PS converters and intelligent CNC blowing furnaces; the commonly used furnace types in the refining process are rotary anode furnaces and NGL furnaces, both of which are horizontal rotary furnace bodies; in order to improve operating efficiency and recover valuable metals, the blowing process is generally equipped with a slag ladle tilting device in the main plant.

[0005] The raw material (molten matte) for a PS converter or intelligent CNC converting furnace is held in a metallurgical ladle and transported by a metallurgical crane. Material is loaded through a central opening in the furnace body, and the empty ladle returns to the discharge point. This cycle repeats until the minimum required quantity for the converting furnace is reached. The converting process is broadly divided into the slagging and coppering phases. After matte feeding is completed, the slagging phase begins. The furnace body is rotated to the slag discharge angle, and slag is poured through the opening into the metallurgical ladle below. Once the ladle is full, it is transported by a crane to the slag ladle tilting device. After the ladle rests for a specified period, the slag ladle tilting device begins to tilt, dumping the slag into a dedicated slag ladle at the rear. After the slag tipping operation is complete, the dedicated slag ladle is transported to a slag slow cooling area for cooling, and the empty ladle is hoisted by a crane to a designated location for standby use. After slagging, the coppering phase begins. The resulting blister copper is discharged into a blister copper ladle at the front of the furnace body by rotating the furnace body and then transported by a crane to the rotary anode furnace.

[0006] The crude copper is transported to the rotary anode furnace in a crude copper ladle by a crane and added into the furnace through the furnace mouth set in the center of the furnace body. After the minimum required crude copper amount is reached, the refining operation begins. During this period, the slag is discharged similar to the blowing process. After the operation is completed, the furnace body rotates backward and the anode plate casting operation begins.

[0007] Traditional configuration of blowing process flue gas and fume collection system. For the blowing process using PS converters or intelligent CNC blowing furnaces, the applicant has designed and improved a device for collecting ambient fume, namely, a "metallurgical furnace fume collection hood" (document number CN 209689401U), which improves the fume collection effect and equipment life of the blowing process.

[0008] The applicant's "rotary anode furnace smoke collection device" (document number CN 108131947 A) improves the traditional configuration of the refining process smoke and smoke collection system.

[0009] The smoke collection system of the slag bag tipping device has also been arranged.

[0010] Although smoke collection devices have been independently provided for relevant processes in the prior art, the following major defects still exist:

[0011] 1. Traditional smoke collection systems are separately installed for the converting furnace, refining furnace, and slag ladle tilting device. These systems include waste heat boilers, air coolers, water cooling devices, cyclone dust collectors, bag filters, and other equipment. These operate independently, resulting in a large and complex control system. This requires operators to have a high level of professional theoretical knowledge and on-site proficiency. Furthermore, due to large fluctuations in operating conditions and a high rate of equipment failure, production continuity is limited.

[0012] 2. Traditional environmental smoke collection systems occupy a large area, require large investments, and have high operating costs. Due to the multiple equipment configurations, they occupy a large area and have high land investment costs. In addition, when multiple systems are operated simultaneously, the equipment overhaul, maintenance, and operating costs are high.

[0013] 3. Traditional flue gas collection systems have stringent requirements for flue gas volume, temperature, and composition. Large fluctuations in flue gas volume can easily cause temperature and flow rate fluctuations. Excessively high temperatures can overwhelm the acid production system and severely impact the bag filter; excessively low temperatures can easily lead to low-temperature corrosion. Large fluctuations in flue gas composition can either fail to meet the requirements of subsequent process operations or require additional equipment to process flue gas at different stages, increasing operating costs and complexity. These issues all lead to high equipment failure rates and increased maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0014] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fume collection system for a copper smelting environment, which collects and coordinates the fume generated in each process.

[0015] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a fume collection system for a copper smelting environment, which is a closed factory building as a whole and is arranged with a blowing furnace, a refining furnace and a slag bag tilting device according to the process requirements. The blowing furnace, the refining furnace and the slag bag tilting device are each equipped with a fume collection unit, which is characterized in that: a dilution chamber is connected to one end of the refining furnace, the dilution chamber is connected to a cold air pipeline, the smoke outlet of the dilution chamber is connected to the smoke collection pipeline one, the process flue gas of the refining furnace is connected to the smoke collection pipeline one through the dilution chamber, the annular flue gas generated by the blowing furnace is collected by the blowing furnace gas collection hood and transported to the smoke collection pipeline one, mixed with the process flue gas of the refining furnace and then connected to the bag dust collector, the flue gas at the air outlet of the bag dust collector is extracted by the annular collection fan and transported to the desulfurization system and then discharged; the annular flue gas generated by the refining furnace and the slag bag tilting device is collected by the smoke collection hood, and can be selected to pass through the bag dust collector or directly extracted by the fan and transported to the desulfurization system and then discharged.

[0016] The above solution is to properly cool the process flue gas of the refining furnace to below 450°C, and use the circulating flue gas from the blowing furnace with low temperature and large gas volume to effectively cool it during the process of transportation to the downstream. No additional equipment is required in this cooling process. The process flue gas of the refining furnace is only connected to the circulating flue gas pipeline of the blowing furnace after passing through the dilution chamber. After the two are mixed, only the bag dust collector can achieve dust removal and transportation downstream. The present invention can adapt to intermittent blowing and intermittent refining operation modes at the same time. The flue gas enters the circulating desulfurization system in a stable state of moisture and SO2 content, and the flue gas meets the emission standards after desulfurization and purification. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a front view of the factory building to which the invention applies;

[0019] Figure 3 、 4 They are Figure 2 Rear view and left view of the . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] A fume collection system for a copper smelting environment is provided. The overall structure is a closed plant 10 in which a converting furnace 20, a refining furnace 30 and a slag bag tilting device 40 are arranged according to the process requirements. The converting furnace 20, the refining furnace 30 and the slag bag tilting device 40 are each equipped with a fume collection unit. A dilution chamber 31 is connected to one end of the refining furnace 30. The dilution chamber 31 is connected to a cold air pipeline 311. The smoke outlet of the dilution chamber 31 is connected to a smoke collection pipeline 50. The process flue gas of the refining furnace 30 is connected to the smoke collection pipeline 50 through the dilution chamber 31. The ambient smoke generated by the converting furnace 20 is collected via The flue gas collected by the blowing furnace hood 21 is transported to the smoke collection pipeline 50 and mixed with the process flue gas of the refining furnace 30 before being connected to the bag dust collector 60. The flue gas at the outlet of the bag dust collector 60 is extracted by the circular collector fan and transported to the desulfurization system and then discharged; the circular flue gas generated by the refining furnace 30 and the slag bag tilting device 40 is collected by the smoke collection hood, and can be optionally passed through the bag dust collector or directly extracted by the fan and transported to the desulfurization system and then discharged; the roof of the factory building 10 is arranged in a three-elevation layout with high and low positions on both sides and the middle as the highest position. A pipeline is set at the highest position to connect with the induced draft fan.

[0021] It should be noted that this patent involves two types of flue gas, one is process flue gas and the other is environmental flue gas. Process flue gas originally refers to the flue gas entering the acid production system, and environmental flue gas refers to the flue gas entering the ring collection desulfurization system. Since the workshop building of the present invention changes the direction of the process flue gas of the anode furnace or refining furnace to the ring collection system, the traditional name is still retained to distinguish the direction of the flue gas.

[0022] There is actually no essential difference between ambient flue gas and ambient flue gas. Their specific meanings are:

[0023] ① Ambient flue gas: This refers to the flue gas that escapes into the plant without entering the acid production system. For refining furnace 20, this can be understood as the flue gas collected by the fume hood. ② Circumferential flue gas: This refers to the flue gas that escapes into the plant and is collected by the ambient flue gas collection system. This is referred to as circumferential flue gas. These two types of flue gas are the same, expressed only in different ways.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, the main body of the environmental flue gas collection system of the present invention is divided into two parts. Part A is composed of the parts shown by thick lines, which mainly include the anode furnace environmental flue gas collection system, the slag bag tilting environmental flue gas collection system and the environmental flue gas collection system of the entire area inside the main plant; Part B is composed of the parts shown by thin lines, which mainly include the anode furnace process flue gas treatment system and the blowing furnace environmental flue gas collection system. Part A and Part B are divided into two independent parts according to the flue gas composition, flow rate, operating system, and smoke dust amount. The flue gas of Part B is finally purified by a belt dust collector and then merged with the flue gas of Part A. The flue gas of Part A can choose whether to use a bag dust collector according to its composition, smoke dust amount, and temperature. In order to ensure smoke dust collection, the smoke collected by the smoke collection unit of the slag bag tilting device 40 is connected to the smoke collection pipeline 2 70, and a belt dust collector is provided downstream of the smoke collection pipeline 2 70. Finally, the flue gas enters the ring-collecting desulfurization system with a dust content of <10mg / Nm3, a flue gas volume stable at 40*104m3 / h, the ability to adapt to intermittent blowing and intermittent refining operations, and stable flue gas moisture and SO2 content. The flue gas meets the emission standards after desulfurization and purification.

[0025] In order to ensure that the overall smoke environment in the factory meets the standards, Figure 2 、 3 As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the roof of the factory building 10 is arranged in a three-elevation layout with high and low positions on both sides and the highest position in the middle. A pipeline is set at the highest position to connect with the induced draft fan.

[0026] The roof of the factory building 10 includes a low sloping roof 11, a mid-high sloping roof 12, and a high roof 13 located at the upper side of the mid-high sloping roof 12. The low sloping roof 11 and the mid-high sloping roof 12 are located near the middle of the roof, which is considered the highest point. Exhaust branch pipes 71 are arranged at intervals along the length of the factory building, located at the highest roof 13. These branch pipes 71 connect to smoke collection pipe 2 70. Smoke collection pipes 1, 2, and 70 are connected to smoke collection pipe 80, which is then connected to the desulfurization system. A belt dust collector is located downstream of smoke collection pipe 2 70.

[0027] The present invention adopts a fully enclosed drainage type main plant design. Two sets of anode furnaces 30 and supporting smoke collection devices, three refining furnaces 20 and supporting smoke collection hoods 21, two dilution chambers 31, and one slag bag tilting device 40 and supporting smoke collection device 41 are arranged inside the main plant. All materials are transported, fed, and discharged inside the main plant. Most of the environmental flue gas generated is collected by the ring smoke collection hoods supporting each equipment. A small amount of flue gas that escapes into the main plant is drained into the main plant at two levels and then collected in the smoke collection layer on the top of the main plant. After collection, the flue gas is transported to the ring collection desulfurization system for treatment through the ring collection conveying pipeline arranged on the top of the main plant and the ring collection fan.

[0028] The flue gas volume that finally enters the ring-collecting desulfurization system is stabilized at 400,000±50,000 cubic meters per hour, the temperature is controlled at 65±10℃, the dust content is <10mg / Nm3, and the practical life of the bag filter bag is not less than 1 year.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the three converting furnaces 20 can operate in either a furnace-switching mode or a staggered-time operation mode. The two refining furnaces 30 can operate in either a single-furnace mode or a continuous, simultaneous operation mode. The environmental fume collection system of the present invention is fully applicable to fume in intermittent operation modes.

[0030] The present invention has significant technical features and is embodied in the following aspects:

[0031] 1. The present invention is applicable to the discontinuous operation mode in the blowing and refining processes of copper smelting. In this mode, the flue gas volume and temperature at each flue gas generating point fluctuate greatly, and the flue gas components, especially the SO2 and H2O contents, change greatly and periodically.

[0032] 2. The present invention utilizes the supporting refining furnace smoke collection device of the anode furnace, i.e., the refining furnace 30, the supporting smoke collection hood 21 of the blowing furnace 20, the dilution chamber 31, and the supporting ring smoke collection hood of the slag ladle tilting device. All materials are transported, fed, and discharged inside the main plant. Most of the environmental flue gas generated is collected by the supporting ring smoke collection hoods of each equipment. A small amount of flue gas that escapes into the main plant is drained into the top smoke collection layer of the high roof 13 of the main plant after two-stage drainage consisting of the low sloping roof 11 and the medium-high sloping roof 12 of the main plant. After collection, the flue gas is transported to the ring collection desulfurization system for treatment through the ring collection fan through the ring collection conveying pipeline arranged on the top of the main plant, ensuring full coverage of flue gas collection with zero dead angles.

[0033] 3. Streamline the flue gas treatment process, fully consider the cycle, temperature, flow and composition characteristics of each flue gas generation point in the blowing process and the refining process, and comprehensively utilize the outstanding advantages and disadvantages of the two to compensate and supplement each other, so as to form a more stable and controllable flue gas.

Claims

1. A fume collection system for a copper smelting environment, comprising a closed plant (10) in which a converting furnace (20), a refining furnace (30) and a slag ladle tilting device (40) are arranged according to process requirements, and each of the converting furnace (20), the refining furnace (30) and the slag ladle tilting device (40) is provided with a fume collection unit, characterized in that: A dilution chamber (31) is connected to one end of the refining furnace (30), and the dilution chamber (31) is connected to a cold air pipeline (311). The smoke outlet of the dilution chamber (31) is connected to the smoke collecting pipeline (50). The process flue gas of the refining furnace (30) is connected to the smoke collecting pipeline (50) through the dilution chamber (31). The flue gas generated by the blowing furnace (20) is collected and transported to the smoke collecting pipeline (50) through the blowing furnace gas collecting hood (21) and mixed with the process flue gas of the refining furnace (30) and then connected to the bag dust collector (60). The flue gas at the air outlet of the bag dust collector (60) is extracted by the flue gas collecting fan and transported to the desulfurization system and then discharged. The flue gas generated by the refining furnace (30) and the slag bag tilting device (40) is collected by the smoke collecting hood, and can be selected to pass through the bag dust collector or directly extracted by the fan and transported to the desulfurization system and then discharged. The smoke collected by the slag bag smoke collecting device (41) of the slag bag tilting device (40) is connected to the second smoke collecting pipeline (70); The roof of the factory building (10) is arranged in a three-elevation layout with high and low positions on both sides and the highest position in the middle. A pipeline is set at the highest position to connect with the induced draft fan.

2. The fume collection system for copper smelting environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: The roof of the factory building (10) includes a low sloping roof (11), a medium-high sloping roof (12) and a high roof (13) on the high side of the medium-high sloping roof (12), and the position of the low sloping roof (11) and the medium-high sloping roof (12) close to the middle of the roof is the high position.

3. The fume collection system for copper smelting environment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Exhaust branch pipes (71) are arranged at intervals along the length of the factory building on the highest roof (13). The exhaust branch pipes (71) are connected to the second smoke collecting pipe (70). The first and second smoke collecting pipes (50, 70) are connected to the smoke collecting pipe (80). The smoke collecting pipe (80) is connected to the desulfurization system. A belt dust collector is provided downstream of the second smoke collecting pipe (70).

4. The fume collection system for copper smelting environment according to claim 1 is characterized by: A bag dust collector is provided downstream of the second smoke collecting pipe (70).

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