Swing type crushing mechanism driven by rocker arm power

Abstract

The present invention relates to a swing-type crushing mechanism driven by a rocker arm power. The swing arm includes a swing arm housing, a rotary shaft and a connecting shaft. One end of the swing arm housing is provided with a tubular structure extending forward and backward. The rotary shaft is rotatably supported in the inner cavity of the tubular structure. The swing arm housing includes a main housing and a rear arm frame. A front arm frame is provided beside the front part of the main housing and the tubular structure. The inner cavity of the front arm frame communicates with the front inner cavity of the tubular structure. The rear arm frame is fixedly connected to the main housing and is opposite to the front arm frame front and back. The front and rear ends of the connecting shaft are respectively rotatably supported on the front and rear arm frames. The front part of the rotary shaft is in transmission connection with the front part of the connecting shaft through a transmission system located in the inner cavity of the front arm frame. A crushing tooth is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft. The present invention can be used on a mining machine for mining thin ore layers or high-grade thin ore layers, effectively crushing large-sized rock blocks, enabling the rock blocks to pass smoothly under the rocker arm of the mining machine and avoiding accumulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a crushing mechanism for a mining machine, in particular to an alumina mining machine which is suitable for mining thinner ore layers or high-grade thin ore layers. Background Art

[0002] In order to adapt to the mining of thinner or high-grade thin ore layers, bauxite mining machines usually use rocker arms with high-power (high-torque) cutting systems. The rocker arms are low in height, compact in structure, and have high power density. The cutting motor installed in the rocker arm housing occupies a large space in the front and rear directions, resulting in insufficient space between the cutting motor and the cable trough to install conventional crushing devices. However, in actual mining by mining machines, a large amount of high-hardness bauxite often appears. After entering the conveyor, these bauxite rocks need to pass under the location of the rocker arm's cutting motor, but many of them are large rocks that cannot pass through. Eventually, the accumulation causes the conveyor to be unable to transport, and the machine needs to be stopped for manual cleaning, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and also affects production capacity. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a swing crushing mechanism driven by rocker arm power, which can be used on a mining machine used for mining thinner ore layers or high-grade thin ore layers, to effectively crush large rock blocks, so that the rock blocks can pass smoothly under the rocker arm of the mining machine to avoid accumulation.

[0004] The main technical solutions of the present invention are:

[0005] The cam is connected to the support frame of the machine body by a toothed structure, and the toothed structure is connected to the support frame by a toothed structure.

[0006] The front part of the rotating shaft can be set as an external gear, and the front part of the connecting shaft can be provided with an external spline. The transmission system is a fixed-axis gear transmission system. According to the transmission direction, its first gear is externally meshed with the external gear on the rotating shaft, and its last gear is sleeved on the connecting shaft and connected with the front spline of the connecting shaft.

[0007] The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm may further include a fixed seat and an oil cylinder. The fixed seat has a C-shaped structure, and is provided with a front support arm and a rear support arm which are opposite to each other in the front and rear. The swing arm housing is horizontally hinged to the fixed seat in the front and rear with the tubular structure as the axis. The front and rear ends of the tubular structure are respectively supported on the front support arm and the rear support arm. One end of the oil cylinder is hinged to the fixed seat, and the other end is hinged to the swing arm housing.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of bushings are sleeved and fixed side by side outside the connecting shaft, and a plurality of the crushing teeth are fixedly installed on each bushing.

[0009] The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm further includes a mining machine rocker arm. The housing of the mining machine rocker arm is an L-shaped structural unit including a cylinder body and an arm frame. The cylinder body extends in the front and rear directions, and the arm frame extends in the left and right directions. The cylinder body is located behind one end of the arm frame. The assembly composed of the fixed seat, the swing arm and the oil cylinder is installed inside the L-shaped corner. The fixed seat is fixedly connected to the cylinder body. The front part of the tubular structure and the rear part of the arm frame are positioned and connected through a circular stop structure. The circular stop structure is coaxial with the rotary shaft. The front end of the rotary shaft is coaxially connected to the rear end of the gear shaft of a transmission gear inside the arm frame.

[0010] The rear end of the gear shaft of the transmission gear and the front end of the rotary shaft are respectively provided with internal splines. The gear shaft of the transmission gear and the rotary shaft are simultaneously spline-connected to the front and rear parts of a spline shaft.

[0011] The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm preferably further includes a mechanical protection structure. The mechanical protection structure includes a bracket and a plurality of rollers installed on the bracket. The bracket is fixed to the front arm frame. The axes of the rollers extend horizontally in the front and rear directions. The rollers are circumferentially arranged at intervals in an arc-shaped area with the axis of the connecting shaft as the axis. The position of this arc-shaped area is lower than the axis of the connecting shaft. The farthest distance from the edge of the roller to the axis of the connecting shaft is greater than the radius of the cutting circle of the crushing teeth.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0013] No power device is provided on the swing arm which is the main body of the crushing mechanism, and only a power input end is provided, greatly reducing the volume of the swing arm, especially the space occupied in the front and rear directions, making it possible to apply such a swing arm to a mining machine with a low fuselage. And the structure of the swing arm itself also becomes simple.

[0014] Since the structure of a connecting shaft plus crushing teeth is used to replace the traditional crushing drum, the structure of the crushing part becomes very simple, and the manufacturing cost and the use cost are lower.

[0015] Since different-parameter crushing teeth and corresponding bushings can be installed at different positions in the front and rear directions of the connecting shaft according to the actual distribution characteristics of the rock block size on the conveying trough of the conveyor, more targeted crushing can be carried out, achieving better crushing effects with more reasonable input.

[0016] Since a transmission gear of the cutting drive system of the mining machine is used as a power device to provide power for the swing arm, and the swing arm is installed inside the L-shaped corner of the rocker arm of the mining machine, it not only saves installation space but also solves the power source problem, enabling the installation of a crushing mechanism on mining machines for thinner ore seams or high-grade thin ore seams. Therefore, large-sized rock blocks can be effectively crushed, allowing the rock blocks to pass smoothly under the rocker arm of the mining machine and avoiding accumulation.

[0017] The transmission from the cutting drive system to the drive system of the swing arm is connected through a spline shaft, achieving overload protection and improving the stability of the transmission. Moreover, the floating connection of the spline can improve the centering of the swing arm housing and the transmission gear, thus enhancing the stability of the transmission.

[0018] Since a mechanical protection structure is provided, when the swing arm swings downward, the mechanical protection structure can first contact the top surface of the front side trough wall of the conveyor, thus restricting the lowest height of the crushing teeth and preventing the crushing teeth from damaging the conveyor located directly below them. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 is the front view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view of the shown embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the assembly composed of the fixed seat, swing arm, and oil cylinder;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the A-A sectional view of;

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 2 the partial structural schematic diagram of the rocker arm of the mining machine described in;

[0024] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the swing arm swinging downward when the upper cutter of the rocker arm of the mining machine cuts;

[0025] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the swing arm swinging upward when the lower cutter of the rocker arm of the mining machine cuts.

[0026] Reference Signs:

[0027] 1. Swing arm; 11. Fixed seat; 111. End plate; 112. Pin; 113. Articulated seat; 114. Front wear-resistant sleeve; 115. Rear wear-resistant sleeve; 12. Swing arm housing; 121. Front arm frame; 122. Rear arm frame; 123. Articulated seat; 124. Transmission system; 1241. Rotating shaft; 1242. Connecting shaft; 125. Crushing tooth; 126. Guard; 127. Tubular structure; 13. Oil cylinder; 14. Mechanical protection structure;

[0028] 2. Mining machine rocker arm; 21. Cylinder; 211. Shallow groove; 212. Pin hole; 22. Transmission gear; 221. Internal spline;

[0029] 3. Spline shaft;

[0030] 91. Lower ore layer; 92. Upper ore layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention discloses a swing type crushing mechanism driven by rocker arm power, such as Figure 1-7 As shown, it includes a swing arm 1, and the swing arm includes a swing arm housing 12, a rotating shaft 1241 and a connecting shaft 1242. One end of the swing arm housing is provided with a tubular structure 127 extending forward and backward, and the swing arm will swing around the tubular structure. The rotating shaft is arranged in the inner cavity of the tubular structure, and the front and rear ends of the rotating shaft are respectively supported by bearings at the front and rear ends of the inner cavity of the tubular structure. The swing arm housing includes a main housing and a rear arm frame 122, and the tubular structure is a part of the main housing. The front part of the main housing and the side of the tubular structure are also provided with a narrow and long front arm frame 121 extending left and right, and the inner cavity of the forearm frame is connected with the front inner cavity of the tubular structure. The rear arm frame is fixedly connected to the main housing and is opposite to the front and rear of the forearm frame. The front and rear ends of the connecting shaft are respectively supported by the front arm frame and the rear arm frame, and the connecting shaft is parallel to the rotating shaft and is away from the rotating shaft. A crushing tooth 125 is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft. The front part of the rotary shaft is connected to the front part of the connecting shaft through the transmission system 124 located in the inner cavity of the front arm frame. The front end of the rotary shaft is the power input end. The external power is input from the rotary shaft and transmitted to the connecting shaft through the transmission system, so that the connecting shaft rotates and the crushing teeth rotate accordingly, thereby crushing the rock blocks. The front end of the rotary shaft is provided with a power input interface structure.

[0032] The front end of the rotary shaft serves as the power input end, providing an interface structure for introducing power from the cutting drive system of the mining machine boom. Therefore, the corresponding swing-type crushing mechanism does not require a separate power device such as a motor or a hydraulic motor. Compared with the existing structure in which the power device is sequentially connected to the axial direction of the crusher drum, the front and rear dimensions of the crushing mechanism are greatly shortened. Compared with the existing structure in which the power device is arranged inside the crusher drum, the left-right and up-down dimensions of the crushing mechanism of the present invention at the position corresponding to the traditional crusher drum are also correspondingly reduced. It can be seen that the structure of the present invention is more compact. Therefore, it becomes possible to apply the present invention to mining machines for mining thinner ore layers or high-grade thin ore layers. Moreover, since the present invention replaces the traditional crushing drum with a structure of a connecting shaft plus crushing teeth, the structure becomes very simple, and the manufacturing cost and the use cost are lower.

[0033] The front part of the rotary shaft is provided with an external gear, and the front part of the connecting shaft is provided with an external spline. The front and rear ends of the external spline on the connecting shaft are rotationally supported on the front and rear side walls of the front arm frame. The transmission system 124 is a fixed-axis gear transmission system. According to the transmission direction, its first gear is externally meshed with the external gear on the rotary shaft, and its last gear is sleeved on the connecting shaft and is connected to the front spline of the connecting shaft.

[0034] The swing-type crushing mechanism driven by the boom power further includes a fixed seat 11 and an oil cylinder 13. The fixed seat has a C-shaped structure, and is provided with a front support arm and a rear support arm that face each other front and back. The swing arm housing is horizontally hinged to the fixed seat front and back with the tubular structure as the axis, and the front and rear ends of the tubular structure are respectively supported on the front support arm and the rear support arm. One end of the oil cylinder is hinged to the fixed seat, and the other end is hinged to the swing arm housing, especially on the outer side of the tubular structure. Driven by the telescopic movement of the oil cylinder, the swing arm housing can swing up and down relative to the fixed seat with the tubular structure as the axis, so as to realize the adjustment of the height of the connecting shaft and the crushing teeth. There is only one oil cylinder, and its installation position relative to the fixed seat and the swing arm housing is preferably centered front and back.

[0035] Further, a front wear-resistant sleeve 114 may be provided between the front support arm and the tubular structure, and a rear wear-resistant sleeve 115 may be provided between the rear support arm and the tubular structure. The front and rear wear-resistant sleeves are in tight fit with the front and rear ends of the tubular structure respectively, and are in clearance fit with the front and rear support arms respectively. The front and rear wear-resistant sleeves can reduce the wear of the tubular structure and extend the service life of the swing arm housing.

[0036] The fixed seat may include an end plate 111, a front support plate, and a rear support plate. One end of the front support plate and the rear support plate are respectively detachably and fixedly connected to the front and rear side edges of the end plate, and the other end extends. The front support plate and the rear support plate respectively serve as the front support arm and the rear support arm. The fixed seat adopts a split structure, which facilitates the installation of the swing arm housing, the front and rear wear sleeves, etc. The oil cylinder is located between the end plate and the swing arm housing. A hinge seat 113 and a hinge seat 123 are respectively installed on the upper part of the end plate and the lower part of the tubular structure. The two ends of the oil cylinder are respectively connected to these two hinge seats.

[0037] Preferably, a plurality of bushings are sleeved side by side and circumferentially fixed on the connecting shaft, and a plurality of the crushing teeth are fixedly installed on each bushing. The respective crushing teeth on each bushing are preferably circumferentially evenly distributed. Each bushing and the connecting shaft can be connected by a plurality of circumferentially evenly distributed flat keys, which is reliable in circumferential fixation and convenient for axial installation and disassembly of the bushing. The left and right support arms play a role of front and rear limiting for the bushing. When a certain crushing tooth is damaged, only the crushing tooth and the bushing where it is located need to be replaced, and the maintenance is simple and convenient.

[0038] In addition, according to the actual distribution characteristics of the size of the rock blocks on the conveying trough of the conveyor in the front and rear directions, crushing teeth and corresponding bushings with different parameters can be installed at different positions in the front and rear of the connecting shaft.

[0039] The swing-type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm further includes a mining machine rocker arm 2. The housing of the mining machine rocker arm is an L-shaped structural unit including a cylinder body 21 and an armrest. The cylinder body extends forward and backward, the armrest extends left and right, and the cylinder body is located behind one end of the armrest. The assembly composed of the fixed seat, the swing arm, and the oil cylinder is installed inside the L-shaped corner, which can make full use of the space and does not occupy extra space in the front and rear directions, and can realize the installation of the crushing device on a mining machine with a low fuselage. Wherein the fixed seat is fixedly connected to the side wall of the cylinder body, and the front part of the tubular structure and the rear part of the armrest are positioned and connected through a circular stop structure, and the circular stop structure is coaxial with the rotary shaft to keep the axis of the swing arm housing fixed relative to the mining machine rocker arm when the swing arm housing swings. The front end of the rotary shaft is coaxially connected to the rear end of the gear shaft of a cutting transmission system in the armrest. The transmission gear provides power for the rotation of the crushing teeth instead of the traditional motor.

[0040] In this embodiment, the connection method between the fixed seat and the cylinder body is as follows: a shallow groove 211 with a flat groove bottom surface is cut on the side surface of the cylinder body, a pin hole 212 is provided on the groove bottom surface, the back surface of the end plate is attached to the groove bottom surface, and the end plate and the cylinder body are positioned by one surface (i.e., the groove bottom surface) and two pins (i.e., pin 112).

[0041] At the rear end of the gear shaft of the transmission gear, an internal spline 221 is provided. At the front end of the rotary shaft, an internal spline is also provided, and this internal spline constitutes the power input interface structure. The gear shaft of the transmission gear and the rotary shaft are simultaneously spline-connected to the front and rear parts of a spline shaft 3. Due to the floating characteristics of the spline connection, the swing arm housing 12 and the transmission gear 22 can be made to have centering, thereby improving the stability of the transmission. In addition, when crushing overly hard rock blocks or when jamming occurs, the spline shaft breaks first, which can protect the cutting transmission system and the transmission system of the crushing mechanism within the front boom, thus improving the reliability of the transmission.

[0042] The axis on which the swing arm housing swings is relatively fixed to the mining machine rocker arm. When the mining machine rocker arm cuts ore layers at different heights, such as the lower ore layer 91 and the upper ore layer 92, the height of the rocker arm is different, and the height position of the swing arm housing also changes accordingly. However, by the telescoping of the oil cylinder, the height of the crushing teeth can be adjusted to adapt to the different height positions of the mining machine rocker arm. When cutting the upper knife (see Figure 6 ), the oil cylinder can be controlled to contract until the lower swing angle of the swing arm reaches a position where the bottom of the cutting circle of the crushing teeth is slightly lower than the bottom of the boom housing. When cutting the lower knife (see Figure 7 ), the oil cylinder can be controlled to extend until the upper swing angle of the swing arm reaches a position where the bottom of the cutting circle of the crushing teeth is slightly lower than the bottom of the boom housing.

[0043] Furthermore, a front end cover is sleeved on the radial outer part of the front end of the rotary shaft, and the rear part of the front end cover is embedded and fixed in the tubular structure. A rear end cover is sleeved on the radial outer part of the rear end of the gear shaft of the transmission gear, and the front part of the rear end cover is embedded and fixed on the boom. Axial and radial positioning connections are achieved between the front end cover and the rear end cover through a circular mating surface structure. Since the front end cover is fixed to the tubular structure, the rear end cover is fixed to the boom, and the front end cover and the rear end cover are positioned through the circular mating surface structure, it plays the same role as the positioning of the front part of the tubular structure and the rear part of the boom through the circular mating surface structure, which is not only the positioning of the swing center line of the swing arm housing, but also the protection of the connection between the transmission system in the swing arm and the cutting transmission system.

[0044] Even further, a radial seal is also provided between the front end cover and the rear end cover.

[0045] The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm may further include a mechanical protection structure 14 for preventing the crushing teeth from damaging the conveyor located below the crushing mechanism. The mechanical protection structure includes a bracket and a plurality of rollers mounted on the bracket. The bracket is fixed to the front arm frame. The axes of the rollers extend horizontally back and forth. The rollers are circumferentially spaced within an arc-shaped area with the axis of the connecting shaft as the axis. The position of this arc-shaped area is lower than the axis of the connecting shaft. The rollers can rotate freely relative to the bracket. The maximum distance from the edge of the roller to the axis of the connecting shaft is greater than the radius of the cutting circle of the crushing teeth. Even when the swing arm is at the lower limit position of the swing, since the rollers contact the top surface of the front side trough rib of the conveyor first, the top of the conveyor trough can be avoided from being cut by the crushing teeth.

[0046] A shield 126 is also installed on the main housing. The shield covers above the connecting shaft to prevent the crushed rock blocks from splashing upward.

[0047] As used herein, the front and the rear respectively correspond to Figure 2 the upper and the lower in the perspective view.

Claims

1. A swing-type crushing mechanism driven by a rocker arm power, characterized in that: It includes a swing arm, and the swing arm includes a swing arm housing, a rotary shaft and a connecting shaft. One end of the swing arm housing is provided with a tubular structure extending forward and backward. The rotary shaft is arranged in the inner cavity of the tubular structure, and the front and rear ends of the rotary shaft are respectively rotationally supported at the front and rear ends of the inner cavity of the tubular structure. The swing arm housing includes a main housing and a rear arm frame. A front arm frame is provided beside the front part of the main housing and the tubular structure. The inner cavity of the front arm frame communicates with the front inner cavity of the tubular structure. The rear arm frame is fixedly connected to the main housing and is opposite to the front arm frame in the front and rear directions. The front and rear ends of the connecting shaft are respectively rotationally supported on the front arm frame and the rear arm frame. A crushing tooth is fixedly installed on the connecting shaft. The front part of the rotary shaft is in transmission connection with the front part of the connecting shaft through a transmission system located in the inner cavity of the front arm frame. The front end of the rotary shaft is a power input end. No power device is provided on the swing arm, and the swing arm uses a transmission gear of the cutting transmission system of the mining machine as the power device.

2. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm power as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The front part of the rotary shaft is configured as an external gear, and the front part of the connecting shaft is provided with an external spline. The transmission system is a fixed-axis gear transmission system. According to the transmission direction, its first gear is externally meshed with the external gear on the rotary shaft, and its last gear is sleeved on the connecting shaft and is spline-connected to the front spline of the connecting shaft.

3. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm power as described in claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a fixed seat and an oil cylinder. The fixed seat has a C-shaped structure and is provided with a front support arm and a rear support arm opposite to each other in the front and rear directions. The swing arm housing is horizontally hinged to the fixed seat before and after with the tubular structure as the axis. The front and rear ends of the tubular structure are respectively supported on the front support arm and the rear support arm. One end of the oil cylinder is hinged to the fixed seat, and the other end is hinged to the swing arm housing.

4. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by a rocker arm power as claimed in claim 3, wherein: A plurality of shaft sleeves are sleeved and fixed side by side outside the connecting shaft, and a plurality of the crushing teeth are fixedly installed on each shaft sleeve.

5. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm power as claimed in claim 4, wherein: It also includes a mining machine rocker arm. The housing of the mining machine rocker arm is an L-shaped structural unit including a cylinder body and an arm frame. The cylinder body extends forward and backward, and the arm frame extends left and right. The cylinder body is located behind one end of the arm frame. The assembly composed of the fixed seat, the swing arm and the oil cylinder is installed inside the L-shaped corner. The fixed seat is fixedly connected to the cylinder body. The front part of the tubular structure is in positioning connection with the rear part of the arm frame through a circular stop structure. The circular stop structure is coaxial with the rotary shaft. The front end of the rotary shaft is coaxially connected to the rear end of the gear shaft of a transmission gear inside the arm frame.

6. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm power as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The rear end of the gear shaft of the transmission gear and the front end of the rotary shaft are respectively provided with internal splines, and the gear shaft of the transmission gear and the rotary shaft are simultaneously spline-connected to the front and rear parts of a spline shaft.

7. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm power as described in claim 6, wherein: A front end cover is sleeved outside the front end of the rotary shaft in the radial direction. The rear part of the front end cover is embedded and fixed in the tubular structure. A rear end cover is sleeved outside the rear end of the gear shaft of the transmission gear in the radial direction. The front part of the rear end cover is embedded and fixed on the arm frame. Axial and radial positioning connection is realized between the front end cover and the rear end cover through a circular stop structure.

8. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by the rocker arm power as claimed in claim 7, wherein: A radial seal is provided between the front end cover and the rear end cover.

9. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by a rocker arm power as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: It further includes a mechanical protection structure, and the mechanical protection structure includes a bracket and a plurality of rollers mounted on the bracket. The bracket is fixed on the front arm frame. The axes of the rollers extend horizontally back and forth. The rollers are circumferentially arranged at intervals within an arc-shaped area with the axis of the connecting shaft as the axis. The position of this arc-shaped area is lower than the axis of the connecting shaft. The farthest distance from the edge of the roller to the axis of the connecting shaft is greater than the radius of the cutting circle of the crushing teeth.

10. The swing type crushing mechanism driven by a rocker arm power as described in claim 9, characterized in that: A protective cover is mounted on the main housing, and the protective cover shields above the connecting shaft.

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