Electric vehicle battery swapping method and system

Abstract

Low-cost battery swapping method and system for electric vehicles. Although the current battery swapping technology can greatly improve the energy supply efficiency, the high investment in battery swapping stations results in excessively high battery swapping costs, making it difficult for battery swapping stations to operate and develop independently. The self-battery swapping system for electric vehicles of the present invention is provided with a plurality of self-driven chain rope lifting devices on the chassis of the electric vehicle or the quick-change battery mounting rack, which lift and lower the hanging end of the chain rope through guide wheels or winding disks. A chain rope hanging and connecting device is installed at the hanging end of the chain rope of the chain rope lifting device. By connecting with the corresponding connecting device of the battery to lift and install the battery or lower and disconnect the connection to separate the battery, the following are achieved: First, the battery is separated from the electric vehicle in case of danger; Second, the battery replacement is completed independently. In addition to enriching the battery swapping scenarios and user convenience, it can also reduce the service cost of the charging and battery swapping station, improve the service efficiency and profitability of the battery swapping station; Third, a better standardized battery swapping solution is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of battery swapping for electric vehicles, and particularly to battery-swapping electric vehicles and battery-swapping batteries. Background Art

[0002] The reason why electric vehicles cannot be widely accepted is that there is currently no ideal power supply solution. The current power supply method is basically bundled charging. The convenience requirements that this method can provide can only be met by large-capacity, high-density, and fast charging, which will be accompanied by high costs, high prices, and high safety risks. High-cost batteries only meet the need for less than 10% of long-distance driving. Especially for individual users, for electric vehicles with an average daily mileage of about 60 km, they need to hold high-cost and high-safety-risk batteries for more than 90% of the time, and the utilization rate of the batteries is less than 10%. This is the main reason why electric vehicles are expensive, inconvenient to use, and difficult to maintain charging services. Electric vehicles cannot accept the charging rhythm of the battery, and the battery is reluctant to endure the fast charging requirements of electric vehicles. Many problems brought about by bundling them together, such as charging safety, battery cost, power economy, and value loss differences, are all hindering their development. The battery swapping mode implemented to solve this problem can solve the problem of accompanying the charging of electric vehicles. However, the current battery swapping method requires high-cost and dedicated battery swapping equipment and battery swapping sites, with large service operation investment and single battery swapping scenarios, and it is difficult to provide the profit support required for continuous and improved services. The present invention is proposed to seek solutions to the above problems.

[0003] Establish a battery swapping system, including a system device that can independently perform battery swapping on an electric vehicle, and a battery swapping device for a battery swapping station that does not require complex positioning and lifting, providing fast and low-cost battery swapping while meeting multi-scenario battery swapping and eliminating the dependence on large-capacity, high-density, and fast charging. Summary of the Invention

[0004] According to the electric vehicle and battery swapping method of the present invention, an electric vehicle that does not require a battery swapping device for battery swapping realizes multi-scenario, fast, and low-cost battery swapping.

[0005] Set a device on the electric vehicle that can perform battery swapping independently:

[0006] 1) A power conversion system, which includes the second power source that provides power for battery swapping driving. Here, the second power source includes one or more of the following power sources: a) the built-in battery on the electric vehicle that is not for quick swapping; b) multiple groups of quick-swapping batteries, and when swapping batteries in batches, the quick-swapping batteries that do not participate in the current battery swapping; c) an external power source accessed through the charging and power receiving device of the electric vehicle. The multiple groups of quick swapping are based on an electric vehicle equipped with two or more battery boxes that can independently complete the separation and / or installation of the quick-swapping battery boxes. During the separation or installation of one quick-swapping battery box, the power demand is provided by other quick-swapping battery boxes. Preferably, the external power source is accessed through the charging port of the electric vehicle. In the example, the second power source preferably can provide short-distance driving mobility required for the convenience of battery swapping of the electric vehicle. Including the above-mentioned external power source access can also be connected with a power cord of a certain length to complete the movement of the electric vehicle over a certain length distance, which can greatly enrich the battery swapping scenarios and the convenience of battery swapping; 2) A self-driven quick-swapping battery locking device is provided on the electric vehicle;

[0007] 3) On the chassis of the electric vehicle or the quick-swapping battery mounting rack, a self-driven chain rope lifting device is provided, which makes the hanging end of the chain rope rise and fall through guide wheels or winding disks; a chain rope hanging connection device is installed at the hanging end of the chain rope of the chain rope lifting device, and the self-driving includes one or more of a motor, a hydraulic cylinder, and a cylinder;

[0008] 4) The quick-swapping battery box (including the energy storage power source, the same below) is provided with multiple battery box hanging connection devices.

[0009] The following self-battery swapping method for an electric vehicle is realized: The quick-swapping battery box placed on the ground or the platform is connected to the chain rope hanging connection device through the battery box hanging connection device. The chain rope lifting device lifts the quick-swapping battery box into the battery mounting rack, and the quick-swapping battery locking device fastens and locks the quick-swapping battery box on the battery mounting rack; or, the quick-swapping battery locking device is unlocked, the chain rope lifting device lowers the quick-swapping battery box from the battery mounting rack and places it on the ground or the platform. The battery box hanging connection device is separated from the chain rope hanging connection device, and the quick-swapping battery box is separated from the electric vehicle.

[0010] According to the above, the power supply coupled and accessed from the external power supply facility through the charging port of the electric vehicle is used as the second power source. There is no need to set up a second power source on the electric vehicle. The power is transferred from the outside through the charging port of the electric vehicle to complete the battery swapping, which simplifies the power structure of the electric vehicle.

[0011] The following convenient, efficient, and multi-scenario battery swapping methods are proposed:

[0012] Preferably, a movable platform is provided which can move horizontally under the electric vehicle. The electric vehicle directly places the fast replacement battery box with low power on the movable platform, and the movable platform moves the battery box out from under the electric vehicle; then the movable platform with the fast replacement battery box with high power is moved in, and the electric vehicle connects and installs the fast replacement battery box with high power. The movable platform includes, but is not limited to, a conveyor line, a mobile vehicle, and a support rotating wheel that can be hung on the side of the fast replacement battery box.

[0013] Preferably, combined with the moving ability of the electric vehicle itself, a minimalist battery replacement method is established. The electric vehicle can drop and separate the fast replacement battery box with low power at the first position, drive to the second position, and connect and install the fast replacement battery box with high power.

[0014] Additionally, combined with the battery box lifting connection device of the self-battery replacement electric vehicle, the chain rope lifting connection device is separated by itself to achieve the separation of the fast replacement battery box in thermal runaway. According to the thermal runaway instruction issued by the BMS safety instruction of the fast replacement battery box or other fast replacement battery safety monitoring systems, the electric vehicle drops and separates the fast replacement battery box in thermal runaway and drives away from the fast replacement battery box in thermal runaway. Further, by presetting the route and speed of the electric vehicle driving away after the separation of the fast replacement battery box in thermal runaway, in the case of driverless, the electric vehicle drives away according to the preset route. Further, the preset route is set through the actual driving records. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The present invention will be described in conjunction with the following drawings, in which the same numbers represent devices or elements with the same functions and actions.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the self-battery replacement device for electric vehicles.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a diagram of the power conversion system.

[0018] Figures 3(a1) to 3(c) It is a schematic diagram of various battery replacement methods.

[0019] Figures 4(a) to 4(f) are diagrams of the chain rope lifting device of the system device.

[0020] Figures 5(a) to 5(e) are diagrams of the chain rope lifting connection device and the battery box lifting connection device of the system device.

[0021] Figure 6 It is a diagram of the fast replacement battery locking device of the system device.

[0022] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the relevant requirements of the fast replacement battery box. EMBODIMENTS

[0023] Low-cost battery swapping system for electric vehicle of the present invention( Figure 1 and Figure 2 ). It includes:

[0024] 1) The power conversion system for battery swapping drive, which is used to access the drive power of the self-battery swapping system and includes a second power source. The second power source is used to provide battery swapping power during battery swapping and includes one or more of the following: a. An in-vehicle non-fast-swappable built-in battery is set up on the electric vehicle; b. Multiple groups of fast-swappable batteries are set up, and the fast-swappable batteries that do not participate in the current battery swapping during sequential battery swapping; c. An external power source accessed through the charging and power receiving device of the electric vehicle. 2) The fast-swappable battery locking device 400 with a driving device. 3) The chain rope lifting device 100 that lifts and lowers the hanging end of the chain rope by the rotation of a guide wheel or a winding disc. 4) The chain rope hanging and connecting device 200 installed at the hanging end of the chain rope of the chain rope lifting device( Figure 7 ). 5) Multiple battery box hanging and connecting devices 300 that can be connected or separated from the chain rope hanging and connecting device are arranged on the fast-swappable battery box( Figure 1 ). 6) The fast-swappable battery box 10 provided with multiple battery box hanging and connecting devices.

[0025] According to the above system, preferably, in FIGS. 4(a) to 4(f), the guide wheels or winding discs of the multiple chain rope lifting devices 100 are installed and fixed on a rotating shaft 160. The synchronous rotation between different rotating shafts is achieved by one or more of the following devices, including but not limited to: synchronous sprockets, synchronous belt pulleys, gears, and motors with synchronous control systems.

[0026] Figure 1Shown is a diagram of a self-swapping power device including a chain rope lifting device 100. Figures 4(a) to 4(f) schematically show some embodiments of the chain rope lifting device 100. Figure 4(a) includes a motor 110 and a power shaft. The rotation of two rotating shafts 160 is driven by a worm and worm gear 120, so that the winding discs 140 of the four chain rope lifting devices 100 distributed on both sides rotate synchronously. Figure 4(b) includes two groups of driving hydraulic cylinders to drive four chain ropes 130. The synchronization of the two synchronizing shafts is achieved by a synchronizing motor 112 on the shaft. The driving is mainly borne by the hydraulic cylinders, and a smaller synchronizing motor can control the synchronization. Figure 4(c) includes two driving shafts and two synchronizing driving motors 112. Four guide wheels on the two driving shafts pull the chain ropes up and down, and cooperate with four elastic take-up sprockets. The elastic take-up sprockets keep the sprockets under continuous torsional force to tighten the chain ropes through torsion springs (Figure 4(f)). The chain ropes in the embodiments can be steel ropes, iron chains, or chains. Preferably, to increase the bearing strength of the chain ropes, the chain rope lifting device can also select two parallel chain ropes. The left and right (L, R) in Figure 4(a) illustrate various different chain ropes, winding discs, and different working states. L in Figure 4(a) is an embodiment of a sprocket (Figure 4(e)) and a chain, and R in Figure 4(a) is an embodiment of a winding disc (Figure 4(d)) and a steel rope. Obviously, the number of the chain rope lifting devices 100 can be more than four.

[0027] Preferably, the clamping end of the chain rope 130 is installed on the winding disc 140 through the elastic deformation fixing device 150. The chain rope suspension connection device 200 connected to the hanging end of the chain rope 130 can move up and down through the rotation of the winding disc 140. At the same time, its connection or separation from the battery box suspension connection device 300 can connect, lift and pull the quick-change battery box 10 into the battery installation rack 50, or lower the quick-change battery box and place it on the ground or the ground platform and separate it from the quick-change battery box. It should be noted here that the flexible chain rope hanging end of the chain rope lifting device 100 has a certain range of swinging space, and can connect to the battery box suspension connection device 300 over a large range through the chain rope suspension connection device 200, grab the quick-change battery box 10, and the chain rope 130 can self-importantly pull the quick-change battery box 10 into the battery installation rack 50 without a lifting and positioning device. The elastic deformation fixing device 150 for installing the clamping end of the installation chain rope 130 in Fig. 4(e) can produce deformation and displacement under a certain direction and acting force, so that the chain rope 130 can be conveniently loaded into and detached from the winding disc 140. One end of the elastic piece 159 is fixed on the winding disc, and the other end presses the clamping end of the chain rope 130 on the hanging post 158 of the winding disc through the elastic force of the elastic piece. The elastic force acting end of the elastic piece 159 produces elastic deformation when subjected to a radial force, and the clamping end of the chain rope 130 can be loaded into or detached from the hanging post 158 of the winding disc; the elastic deformation fixing device in Fig. 4(e) and Fig. 4(f) is composed of a rotating part 151 and a torsion spring 152. The spring 152 pushes the rotating part 151 to stop on the limit post 154 of the winding disc 140. The rotating part at this position presses and fixes the chain rope clamping end on the chain disc teeth. If a force opposite to that of the spring 152 is applied to the rotating part 151, the rotating part can be made to leave the limit post, and at the same time the chain rope clamping end is released from the restraint of the rotating part 151. Thus, the installation and detachment of the chain rope 130 and the winding disc 140 can be implemented. The chain rope lifting device should include one or several of a spring, an elastic piece, a rotating part, and a moving part.

[0028] Preferably, FIGS. 5(a) to 5(e) illustrate the connection forms of the chain rope suspension connection device 200. It should be noted that: the hanging end of the chain rope 130 and the chain rope suspension connection device 200 can be embodied in the same physical object. The description is based on the functional distinction, which is convenient for technicians to understand the present invention. The chain rope suspension connection device 200 can move independently or be associated and moved through the rigid rod frame 170. Through the connection of the rigid rod frame 170, the alignment connection of all the chain rope suspension connection devices 200 and the battery box suspension connection devices 300 can be completed only by aligning two points. The alignment is realized through the introduction alignment device 180. There are many devices that can achieve alignment. In this schematic example, the introduction alignment device adopts guide blocks and curved plates. The four curved plates and the introduction alignment device 180 arranged on the front and rear sides of the rigid rod frame 170 and the quick-change battery box 10 respectively ensure the alignment connection of the chain rope suspension connection device 200 and the battery box suspension connection device 300 in the front-back direction and the left-right direction.

[0029] Preferably, for a set of connecting members connecting the chain rope suspension connection device assembly 200 and the battery box suspension connection device 300, many functional elements can be oppositely arranged on either of the two devices. In each set of suspension connection devices, it includes one or more of the following: a swing connecting member, a plug-in anti-disengagement connecting pin, a ratchet, a pawl, a spring, a connecting load-bearing pin shaft, and a connecting load-bearing slot hole. The swing connecting member realizes the connection and separation of the two devices through the rotation of the component, and the plug-in anti-disengagement connection realizes the connection and separation of the two devices through the movement of the component's insert and the anti-disengagement rod.

[0030] Preferably, FIGS. 5(a) to 5(e) respectively illustrate a swing connection device composed of a chain rope lifting connection device and a battery rod box lifting connection device (FIG. 5(a), FIG. 5(b)) and a plugging and anti-disengagement connection pin device (FIG. 5(c), FIG. 5(d), FIG. 5(e)). It further includes a gravity elastic deformation device 210, and the gravity elastic deformation device includes one or more of the following devices: a spring, a swing arm, and a movable pin rod. The weight elastic deformation device in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b) is composed of a spring 211 and a swing arm 212. FIG. 5(a) shows the state and position of the swing arm 212 without the action of lifting gravity; FIG. 5(b) shows the state with the action of lifting gravity. A pawl 215 connected to the swing arm 212 through a rotating shaft presses against a swing connecting piece 220 with ratchet teeth under the action of a torsion spring. The swing connecting piece 220 is connected to the swing arm 212 and a rigid rod frame 170 through a rotating shaft and is in a closed rotation state under the action of a torsion spring (FIG. 5(b)). When the quick-change battery box 10 is lifted, it is connected to the lifting pin 310 of the quick-change battery box lifting connection device through the closed swing connection of the swing connecting piece 220, so as to move up and down together with the hanging end of the chain rope. When the quick-change battery is placed on the ground or the platform, the swing arm 212 deflects under the action of a tension spring, and the pawl 215 on the swing arm pushes the swing connecting piece 220 through the ratchet teeth of the swing connecting piece 220 to be in an open state. The lifting pin 310 of the quick-change battery box lifting connection device can be separated from the swing connecting piece 220. After separation, the probe rod 225 drives the lever 235 to swing downward together under the action of a torsion spring. The convex tip of the lever 235 deflects when it touches the pawl to avoid the pawl 215, and the self-contained elastic piece pushes the lever 235 back to the stop position. When the quick-change battery box needs to be connected again, the lifting pin 310 of the quick-change battery box lifting connection device will push the probe rod 225. The lever 235 on the probe rod 235 pushes the pawl 215 on the swing arm 212 to disengage from the ratchet teeth of the swing connecting piece 220 during rotation. The swing connecting piece 220 rotates and closes under the action of a torsion spring and is connected to the lifting pin 310 of the quick-change battery box lifting connection device again through a closed swing connection. The weight elastic deformation device in FIGS. 5(c), 5(d), and 5(e) is composed of a spring 211 and a plugging and anti-disengagement connection pin 320 with a sliding rod. The chain rope inserts the plugging and anti-disengagement connection pin 320 through the action of the spring 211 and the limit support 213 on the rigid rod frame 170. The plugging and anti-disengagement connection pin 320 is inserted into the pin seat 330 of the quick-change battery box 10, and the anti-disengagement connecting rod 315 is inserted into the anti-disengagement groove of the plugging and anti-disengagement connection pin 320 by relying on elastic force, so as to realize the connection between the chain rope lifting connection device and the battery rod box lifting connection device. When the connected quick-change battery box 10 is placed on the ground platform, the plugging push rod 240 pushes the elastic swing push rod 325 to swing (FIG. 5(c)). Through the elastic force of the spring acting on the anti-disengagement connecting rod 315, after the gravity of the weight elastic deformation device is unloaded, the anti-disengagement connecting rod 315 is pushed out of the anti-disengagement groove of the plugging and anti-disengagement connection pin 320 by the elastic force, and the chain rope lifting connection device and the battery rod box lifting connection device are in a separated state.When reconnecting, due to the absence of gravity, the position of the plugging push rod 240 can no longer push the elastic swing push rod 325 as shown in Fig. 5(e). When inserting, under the action of the elastic piece, the anti-disengagement connecting rod 315 is pushed out by the inclined surface of the head of the plugging anti-disengagement connecting pin 320, and after insertion, it is pushed into the anti-disengagement groove of the plugging anti-disengagement connecting pin 320 by the elastic piece to complete the connection. The above examples show two fully automatic connection and separation systems. The structure can also be simplified to form a semi-automatic connection system, such as: automatic separation + manual connection, or simple manual separation + manual connection, which can all be obtained by simple combination of the above examples.

[0031] Preferably, the quick-change battery locking device ( Figure 6 ) includes a camshaft (the eccentric wheel shaft also belongs to a type of camshaft) and a swing bolt. The swing bolt is a connecting piece with rotating, load-bearing, and limiting structures, including one or more of a shaft, hole, rod, hook, pin, groove, and bump. Preferably, in the composition of the cam surface of the camshaft mechanism, it includes one or more of the following: logarithmic spiral surface, Archimedean spiral surface, cylindrical surface. In the following examples, the cylindrical surface can be used for the rotational movement of the swing bolt; the Archimedean spiral surface can be used to eliminate gaps; the logarithmic spiral surface is used for locking and stopping. Preferably, for the logarithmic spiral line forming the logarithmic spiral surface, the obtuse angle α between the tangential line and the radial line satisfies α - 90 ≤ ω, where ω is the friction angle between the cam surface and the contact load-bearing surface.

[0032] Schematic example of the quick-change battery locking device ( Figure 1 、 Figure 6 ) The camshaft 420 ( Figure 6 ) of the quick-change battery locking device 400 on the electric vehicle chassis or the battery mounting bracket 50 rotates through the motor 410 and the transmission device. The camshaft has multiple groups of bearings 435 ( Figure 6 ) including both ends. Two coaxial bearings in each group are respectively limited by a left and a right vertically parallel planar structural bearing seat. Thus, the camshaft 420 together with the bearings 435 is restricted from moving horizontally and radially left and right. The cam 430 ( Figure 6 ) surface remains in contact with the load-bearing surface of the battery mounting bracket 50 under the action of the compression spring 425 ( Figure 6 ) and the swing bolt 440. The swing torsion spring 415 pushes the pull rod of the swing bolt 440 to cut into the connection groove of the load-bearing rib plate 20 of the quick-change battery box. The rotation and lifting of the camshaft 420 lock the load-bearing rib plate 20 of the quick-change battery box 10 and the quick-change battery mounting bracket 50 together. The reverse rotation of the camshaft 420 can also push the pull rod of the swing bolt 440 to loosen from the load-bearing rib plate 20 and rotate away, separating the quick-change battery box 10 from the quick-change battery mounting bracket 50. The above is chain wheel transmission. It can also be driven by the rotation of two gears on the swing handle. One gear shaft is fixed, and the other gear is connected to the camshaft. Removing the illustrated bearings, the swing handle limits the swing route of the camshaft.

[0033] Preferably, an import alignment device 180 for guiding the import connection between the chain rope suspension connection device and the battery box suspension connection device is provided. Before connection, it is guided by the import alignment device. It includes one or more of a alignment pin, a hole, a groove, a curved plate, and a guide block.

[0034] Preferably, a slot-shaped opening 60 for the locking connecting piece to move in from the outside is provided on the bearing rib plate 20 of the quick-change battery box. Each rib plate includes more than 3 slot-shaped openings arranged in a straight line. It can also be that the slot-shaped openings provided on at least a pair of opposite side bearing rib plates of the quick-change battery box are distributed in two parallel straight lines. On the bearing surface of at least a pair of opposite side bearing rib plates of the quick-change battery box in contact with the battery mounting rack, a concave or convex surface 40( Figure 7 ) is provided. The slot-shaped openings distributed in a straight line on the upper plane bearing rib plate of the quick-change battery box can conveniently provide a quick-locking linkage device; quick connection is achieved through lateral translation or rotation on the outside.

[0035] It should be understood that the descriptions and applications are only illustrative examples, and other embodiments can take various and alternative forms. The drawings are not necessarily to scale; some features can be enlarged or minimized to show details of particular components. Therefore, the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein should not be construed as restrictive, but only as a representative basis for teaching those skilled in the art to adopt the present invention in various ways. As those of ordinary skill in the art will understand, the technical features shown and described in any one drawing can be combined with the features shown in one or more other drawings, and embodiments that are not explicitly shown or described can be produced. The combination of the shown features provides representative embodiments of typical applications. However, various combinations and modifications of the features consistent with the teachings of this disclosure should also be the requirements of the present invention for particular applications or embodiments. Some of the terms described in the application requirements description of the present invention may be for reference only and should not be restricted. For example, terms such as "above" and "below" refer to the directions in the referenced drawings. Terms such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "back" and "side" describe the orientation and / or position of parts of components or elements within a consistent but arbitrary reference system, which is clearly illustrated by referring to the text describing the discussed components or elements and the associated drawings. Such terms may include the specifically mentioned words above, their derivatives, and words with similar meanings.

[0036] Application example:

[0037] Design two quick-change battery boxes with the same installation standard, one with a low capacity of 15 kWh and the other with a high capacity of 50 kWh, with a cruising range of 80 km and 300 km respectively. The requirements of unified specifications, low capacity, and low density greatly reduce the production cost and technical requirements of our batteries, improve safety, and allow users to hold them at a low cost. The battery no longer needs to be bundled with the electric vehicle for charging, reducing the requirement for charging speed. The battery can greatly extend its lifespan, enhance its usage value, and the standard battery also facilitates the awakening of value in other fields such as energy storage.

[0038] Set up the self-quick-change system of the above quick-change battery box on all commercial passenger vehicles, which can handle quick battery changes in many scenarios. For electric vehicles without batteries, users can purchase them at a low price.

[0039] Even for self-battery-changing electric vehicles with a cruising range of only 80 km, in an environment with rich battery-changing service scenarios, it can fully meet the daily travel needs of non-highway driving within 200 km. In this way, it can meet the personal vehicle usage needs for more than 90% of the time, significantly improving safety, utilization rate, and cost. For individual long-distance driving requirements, the 50 kWh quick-change battery box can be replaced, and the utilization rate of the high-capacity battery will be significantly improved. The battery with a high utilization rate will feedback to users at a lower usage price, forming a virtuous cycle.

[0040] The self-battery-changing electric vehicle system has very low requirements for battery-changing facilities, greatly reducing the cost of battery-changing services. The battery-changing service can be easily beneficial, improve service levels, and create better services.

[0041] The charging and battery-changing services include: 1) Mobile battery-changing. Design a battery-changing vehicle with the ability to carry and load quick-change battery boxes. Unload the high-power quick-change battery box in front of the self-battery-changing electric vehicle that needs battery-changing. The self-battery-changing electric vehicle realizes:

[0042] Lower the quick-change battery box - drive and move - load the quick-change battery box.

[0043] 2) High-speed streamlined transmission battery-changing. The electric vehicle lowers the low-power quick-change battery box. The conveyor belt moves out the low-power battery box and moves in the high-power battery box at the same time. The electric vehicle loads the high-power battery box to complete the battery change. This method can achieve battery change in "seconds".

[0044] 3) Ultra-low-cost charging and battery-changing. The electric vehicle lowers the battery box in the charging and battery-changing area, moves to the high-power battery box and loads the battery box. The lowered low-power battery box does not need to move and is directly charged by a dedicated wired charging gun.

[0045] 4) Low-space-occupation charging applicable to cities - battery swapping on roadside turntables. The electric vehicle directly drives onto the turntable on the roadside. After battery swapping, the turntable rotates to a convenient direction for driving out of the swapping station, reducing the turning space for the electric vehicle to drive in and out and lowering the occupied space for battery swapping.

[0046] For the second power source of the self-battery-swapping electric vehicle mentioned above, two methods are adopted: self-carrying or provided by the battery swapping site.

[0047] It should also be noted that: decoupled charging can better integrate with the power grid in terms of charging speed and time.

[0048] Battery management service system: including a network system of cloud service management, quick battery swapping, charging and swapping, self-battery-swapping electric vehicles, and mobile APP, realizing a new ecological environment for the development of electric vehicles that is convenient, efficient, and environmentally friendly through the convenient system and personal reservation of the mobile APP.

Claims

1. A method for swapping batteries of an electric vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: A second power source is provided to supply power for battery swapping driving, and the second power source includes one or more of the following: a non-fast-swapping battery installed on the electric vehicle; fast-swapping battery boxes with multiple groups, and the fast-swapping battery boxes that do not participate in the current battery swapping during sub-division battery swapping; an externally connected power source; On the chassis or battery mounting bracket of the electric vehicle, a plurality of chain rope lifting devices driven by a driving device on the electric vehicle are provided, and the chain rope hanging ends of the chain rope lifting devices are lifted and lowered by guide wheels or winding discs. A chain rope hanging connection device is installed at the chain rope hanging end of the chain rope lifting device; a fast-swapping battery box with a plurality of battery box hanging connection devices is provided; through the connection between the chain rope hanging connection device and the battery box hanging connection device, the fast-swapping battery box placed on the ground or the platform is lifted into the battery mounting bracket and is fastened and locked on the battery mounting bracket by a fast-swapping battery locking device; Alternatively, unlock the fast-swapping battery locking device, and the chain rope lifting device lowers the fast-swapping battery box and places it on the ground or the platform. The fast-swapping battery locking device has a driving device, and the driving device includes one or more of a motor, a hydraulic cylinder, and a cylinder.

2. The battery swapping method according to claim 1, wherein A movable platform that can move horizontally under the electric vehicle is provided. The electric vehicle directly places the fast-swapping battery box with low power on the movable platform, and the movable platform is moved out from under the electric vehicle; the movable platform on which the fast-swapping battery box with high power is placed is moved in, and the electric vehicle connects and installs the fast-swapping battery box with high power. The movable platform is a conveyor line, a mobile vehicle, or a support rotating wheel that can be hung on the side of the fast-swapping battery box.

3. The battery swapping method according to claim 1, wherein The electric vehicle places and separates the fast-swapping battery box with low power at the first position, drives and moves to the second position, and connects and installs the fast-swapping battery box with high power.

4. The battery swapping method according to claim 1, wherein According to the BMS safety instruction of the fast-swapping battery box or the instruction of other fast-swapping battery box safety monitoring systems, the electric vehicle drops the fast-swapping battery box and drives away from the fast-swapping battery box.

5. The battery swapping system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: A second power source is provided to supply power for battery swapping driving, and the second power source includes one or more of the following: a non-fast-swapping battery installed on the electric vehicle; fast-swapping battery boxes with multiple groups, and the fast-swapping battery boxes that do not participate in the current battery swapping during sub-division battery swapping; an externally connected power source; A fast-swapping battery locking device with a driving device; A chain rope lifting device that lifts and lowers the chain rope hanging end through a guide wheel or a winding disc; A chain rope hanging connection device installed at the chain rope hanging end of the chain rope lifting device; A plurality of battery box hanging connection devices that can be connected or separated from the chain rope hanging connection device are provided on the fast-swapping battery box; A fast-swapping battery box with a battery box hanging connection device.

6. The battery swapping system according to claim 5, wherein, The guide wheels or winding discs of the plurality of chain rope lifting devices are installed and fixed on a rotating shaft, and the synchronous rotation between the plurality of rotating shafts is achieved by one or more of the following devices: a synchronous sprocket, a synchronous pulley, a gear, and a motor with a synchronous control system.

7. The battery swapping system according to claim 5, wherein A plurality of chain rope hanging connection devices are connected to each other through a rigid rod frame to form a chain rope hanging device that can be associated and moved.

8. The battery swapping system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In each set of hanging connection devices composed of a chain rope hanging connection device and a battery box hanging connection device, one or more of a swinging connecting piece, a plugging and anti-detaching connecting piece, a ratchet, a pawl, a spring, a connecting load-bearing pin shaft, and a connecting load-bearing slot hole are included; The swing connecting piece realizes the connection and separation of two devices through the rotation of components; The plug-in anti-detachment connecting piece realizes the connection and separation of two devices through the movement of components for insertion and the anti-detachment piece.

9. The battery swapping system according to claim 5, wherein In each set of lifting connection devices composed of the chain rope lifting connection device and the battery box lifting connection device, it includes: a gravity elastic deformation device that generates displacement or swing due to the change of lifting gravity. The gravity elastic deformation device includes one or more of the following: elastic structural components, springs, swing arms, sliding rods, and sliding frames.

10. The battery swapping system according to claim 5, wherein, The quick-change battery locking device includes a camshaft and a swing bolt. The camshaft drives the swing bolt to rotate for locking or unlocking. The swing bolt is a connecting piece with rotation, load-bearing, and limiting structures, including one or more of an axis, a hole, a rod, a hook, a pin, a groove, and a bump.

11. The battery swapping system according to claim 10, wherein The composition of the cam surface of the camshaft mechanism of the quick-change battery locking device includes one or more of the following: logarithmic spiral surface, Archimedean spiral surface, cylindrical surface. The obtuse angle α between the tangential line and the radial line on the logarithmic spiral line forming the logarithmic spiral surface satisfies α - 90 ≤ ω, where ω is the friction angle between the cam surface and the contact load-bearing surface.

12. The battery swapping system according to claim 5, wherein, The quick-change battery box is provided with an import alignment device for guiding the connection between the chain rope lifting connection device and the battery box lifting connection device. The import alignment device includes one or more of a pin, a hole, a groove, a curved plate, and a guide block.

13. The power exchange system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The load-bearing rib plate of the quick-change battery box is provided with a groove-shaped opening into which a locking connecting piece can be moved from the outside, and three or more groove-shaped openings are arranged in a straight line on the same side.

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