An electric winch

Abstract

The present invention provides an electric winch. The electric winch includes a hoisting drum, a motor, a speed reducer, and a brake assembly. The motor is fixed on the left bracket, and the main shaft of the motor passes through the left bracket and is located inside the hoisting drum. The speed reducer is composed of a planetary mechanism and a cycloidal pinwheel mechanism. The planetary mechanism includes an end cover, a sun gear, planetary gears, a planetary carrier, and an output external gear. An internal gear ring is provided inside the end cover. The planetary gears mesh with the internal gear ring and the sun gear. At the same time, the sun gear is inserted into the sliding sleeve on the end cover. The planetary gears are fixed on the planetary carrier, and an output external gear is fixed on the planetary carrier. The end cover is fixed on the outer cylinder. At the same time, the output external gear is fixed to the internal gear joint on the eccentric shaft of the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism. The brake assembly is located inside the hoisting drum, and one side of the brake assembly is fixed to the main shaft of the motor, and the other side can pass through the hoisting drum and pass through the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism to be inserted into the sun gear for driving the sun gear to rotate. In this way, the overall structure is more compact, and installation and maintenance are more convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electric winch. Background Art

[0002] An electric winch is a device that can be used for traction and is widely used in vehicles, such as a vehicle winch, which is mainly used for self-rescue or rescue in harsh environments. The existing electric winch mainly consists of a motor, a transmission shaft, a winch drum, a brake assembly, and a reduction gearbox. The existing reduction gearbox realizes reduction transmission by sequentially meshing and connecting three planetary gear assemblies of different sizes, namely a first-stage planetary gear assembly, a second-stage planetary gear assembly, and a third-stage planetary gear assembly. When the electric winch is working under force, the three groups of planetary gears are meshed with single gears respectively, so the quality requirements for the planetary gear assemblies are particularly high. Once one of the three groups of planetary gear parts is damaged, the electric winch cannot work properly. At the same time, due to the large number of gears, it takes a very long time to find the damaged gear during maintenance, resulting in low work efficiency. At the same time, the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism is also a common reduction mechanism, which has the advantages of a large reduction ratio, high transmission efficiency, small volume, light weight, few faults, long service life, stable and reliable operation, low noise, convenient disassembly and assembly, easy maintenance, simple structure, strong overload capacity, impact resistance, and small inertia moment. Therefore, how to apply the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism to the electric winch to solve the problems existing in the existing electric winch is an important problem that the electric winch urgently needs to solve;

[0003] At the same time, the existing brake assembly of the electric winch realizes braking by the friction between a torsion spring and a steel sleeve. Friction generates heat, which will increase the temperature of the motor. Coupled with the heat generated by the rotation of the motor itself, heat is likely to cause the motor power to drop or even burn out the motor. At the same time, there is an operating handle (some are pull pins) on the existing electric winch that acts as a clutch. When paying out the rope, the handle needs to be pulled first, which is not convenient to operate, cannot pay out the rope quickly, and is easy to damage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects existing in the existing electric winch, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: to provide an electric winch that is not prone to failure and is convenient for maintenance; at the same time, the electric winch also needs to have the effect of extending the service life of the motor and quickly paying out the rope.

[0005] To achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention is achieved by the following technical measures: An electric winch, comprising:

[0006] A bracket, the bracket is two, namely a left bracket and a right bracket;

[0007] A winch drum, both sides of the winch drum are fixed on the left bracket and the right bracket through sliding bearings;

[0008] A motor, the motor is fixed on the left bracket, and at the same time, the main shaft of the motor passes through the left bracket and is located inside the hoisting drum;

[0009] A speed reducer, the speed reducer is composed of a planetary mechanism and a cycloidal pinwheel mechanism. The planetary mechanism includes an end cover, a sun gear, planetary gears, a planetary carrier and an output spline gear. One side of the end cover is open and hollow inside. An internal gear ring is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the end cover. There are three planetary gears. The three planetary gears mesh with the internal gear ring and the sun gear. At the same time, the sun gear is inserted into the sliding sleeve of the end cover. The three planetary gears are fixed on the planetary carrier, and an output external gear is fixed on the planetary carrier. The end cover is fixed on the outer cylinder of the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism. At the same time, the output external gear is fixed to the internal gear joint on the eccentric shaft in the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism;

[0010] A brake assembly, the brake assembly is located inside the hoisting drum, one side of the brake assembly is fixed to the main shaft of the motor, the other side passes through the hoisting drum and through the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism and is connected to the sun gear. At the same time, when the brake assembly rotates, it drives the sun gear to rotate, and the brake assembly can drive the hoisting drum to rotate at the same time.

[0011] Through reasonable design, this electric winch uses a cycloidal pinwheel mechanism to replace multiple sets of planetary gears. This not only improves the service life, but also makes it very convenient to replace if it is damaged. At the same time, only one set of planetary gears is retained, and it is also possible to quickly determine whether it is damaged during maintenance, which can greatly improve the maintenance speed.

[0012] Further, the brake assembly includes a multi-head nut I, a multi-head bolt I, a multi-head nut II and a multi-head bolt II,

[0013] The multi-head nut I is provided with a stepped central hole, and the central hole is composed of three hole segments,

[0014] The multi-head bolt I is screwed to the left outer hole segment, and a transmission shaft I fixed to the main shaft of the motor extends outward on the left side of the multi-head bolt I,

[0015] The multi-head nut II is arranged on the right outer hole segment, and the multi-head nut II is fixed to the multi-head nut I by screws. A bolt hole is also provided in the center of the multi-head nut II,

[0016] One side of the multi-head bolt II is screwed to the bolt hole of the multi-head nut II. The other side of the multi-head bolt II has a smooth surface and is located outside the multi-head nut II. At the same time, a steel sleeve with clearance fit is sleeved on the smooth surface of the multi-head bolt II. A one-way bearing is fixed on the outside of the steel sleeve, and a spline shaft is fixed on the outside of the one-way bearing. The spline shaft meshes with the internal spline provided on the hoisting drum,

[0017] On the opposite sides of the multi - head bolt Ⅰ and the multi - head bolt Ⅱ, they both extend into the middle hole section of the multi - head nut Ⅰ, and nuts are screwed onto the extending sides of the multi - head bolt Ⅰ and the multi - head bolt Ⅱ respectively. After screwing, the nuts need to be fixed firmly. The thread directions on the multi - head bolt Ⅰ and the multi - head bolt Ⅱ are opposite, and on the outer side of the multi - head bolt Ⅱ without a nut, there is also a transmission shaft Ⅱ fixed that can be inserted into the sun gear. After adopting the above structure, since the one - way bearing will not reverse, the spline shaft will not reverse either, achieving the effect of anti - reverse braking. Moreover, when the one - way bearing bears a reverse force, it will not heat up, which can effectively extend the service life of the motor. At the same time, the steel sleeve and the multi - head bolt Ⅱ are in clearance fit, so the steel sleeve, the spline shaft, and the winch drum can rotate freely around the multi - head bolt Ⅱ as a whole, so that the pulling rope on the winch drum can be easily pulled manually, achieving the effect of rapid rope release.

[0018] Further, both the transmission shaft Ⅰ and the transmission shaft Ⅱ are hexagonal columns. After the transmission shaft Ⅰ and the transmission shaft Ⅱ are inserted into the multi - head bolt Ⅰ and the multi - head bolt Ⅱ respectively, they are fastened by snap rings. The above design has a more reasonable structure.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: The overall structure is more compact, the installation and maintenance are more convenient. At the same time, the service life of the motor is extended, and the effect of rapid rope release is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electric winch according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the brake assembly according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the winch drum according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism and the planetary mechanism according to the present invention.

[0025] Description of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1. Motor; 2. Left bracket; 3. Hoisting drum; 4. Brake assembly; 5. Right bracket; 6. Reducer; 7. Transmission shaft I; 8. Split circlip; 9. Multi-head bolt I; 10. Nut; 11. Multi-head nut I; 12. Multi-head nut II; 13. Screw; 14. Multi-head bolt I; 15. Steel sleeve; 16. Spline shaft; 17. One-way bearing; 18. Transmission shaft I; 19. Pulley; 20. Internal spline; 21. Cycloidal pinwheel mechanism; 22. Planetary mechanism; 23. End cover; 24. Planet carrier; 25. Planet gear; 26. Sun gear; 27. Output external gear. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] In the following, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "bottom", "top", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 , An electric winch provided in this embodiment is composed of a motor 1, a left bracket 2, a hoisting drum 3, a brake assembly 4, a right bracket 5, and a reducer 6.

[0030] Please refer to Figure 2, the above-mentioned brake assembly 4 is composed of a drive shaft Ⅰ 7, a multi-head bolt Ⅰ 9, a multi-head nut Ⅰ, two thread nuts 10, a multi-head nut Ⅱ 12, a multi-head bolt Ⅱ 14, two hexagon socket set screws 13, a steel sleeve 15, a one-way bearing 17, a spline shaft 16, and a drive shaft Ⅱ 18. The drive shaft Ⅰ 7 and the drive shaft Ⅱ 18 are hexagonal bars, which are matched with the hexagonal holes of the multi-head bolt Ⅰ 9 and the multi-head bolt Ⅱ 14 to transmit power. After the drive shaft Ⅰ 7 and the drive shaft Ⅱ 18 are inserted into the multi-head bolt Ⅰ 9 and the multi-head bolt Ⅱ 14 respectively, they are fastened by an open circlip 8. The drive shaft Ⅰ 7 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 1 by a coupling. The rightmost end of the drive shaft Ⅱ 18 is connected to the internal hexagonal counterbore of the sun gear 26 of the planetary mechanism 22 in the reduction gearbox 6. The center of the above-mentioned multi-head nut Ⅰ 11 is provided with a stepped center hole, which is composed of three hole segments. The opposite sides of the above-mentioned multi-head bolt Ⅰ 9 and the multi-head bolt Ⅱ 14 both extend into the middle hole segment of the multi-head nut Ⅰ 11, and a nut 10 is screwed on each of the extended sides of the multi-head bolt Ⅰ 9 and the multi-head bolt Ⅱ 14, and the nut 10 is also fixed firmly with glue. As a preferred structure, the multi-head bolt Ⅰ 9 is a right-handed thread, and the multi-head bolt Ⅱ 14 is a left-handed thread. The above-mentioned hexagon socket set screws 13 are used to fix the multi-head nut Ⅰ 11 and the multi-head nut Ⅱ 12. The inner hole of the above-mentioned steel sleeve 15 and the outer shaft of the multi-head bolt Ⅱ 14 are in clearance fit, so it can rotate freely in the unloaded state to achieve the effect of rapid rope release. The above-mentioned spline shaft 16 preferably has an external spline with 18 teeth, and the inner hole is a set of stepped holes for fixing the one-way bearing 17, and the outer diameter of the one-way bearing 17 and the inner hole of the spline shaft 16 are in interference fit.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 3 , the left and right sides of the above-mentioned hoisting drum 3 are fixed on the left bracket 2 and the right bracket 5 through pulleys 19. An internal spline 20 is fixed on the right side of the hoisting drum 3, which meshes with the spline shaft 16 of the brake assembly 4. At the same time, the hoisting drum 3 is hollow, and the brake assembly 4 is located inside the hoisting drum 3.

[0032] Please refer to Figure 4 , the above-mentioned reduction gearbox 6 is composed of a set of planetary mechanism 22 and a set of cycloidal pinwheel mechanism 21. The planetary mechanism 22 is composed of a sun gear 26, three planetary gears 25, a planetary carrier 24 and an end cover 23. There is a counterbore in the center of the sun gear 26, which is hexagonal and is connected to the hexagonal drive shaft Ⅱ 18 to transmit power. The inner peripheral wall of the end cover 23 is an internal gear ring for fixing the planetary mechanism 22 and the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism 21. The three planetary gears 25 mesh with the internal gear ring and the sun gear 26. At the same time, the sun gear 26 is fixed in the center of the end cover 23. There is an output external gear 27 in the center of the planetary carrier 24, and the output external gear 27 meshes with the internal spline of the internal gear joint at the input end of the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism 21 to transmit power.

[0033] The electric winch provided in this embodiment is driven by a motor to drive the transmission shaft I to rotate counterclockwise. At this time, the multi-head bolt I screws out from the multi-head nut I. Since the multi-head bolt I is rigidly connected to the motor joint, the multi-head nut I will move forward to the right until it touches the nut of the multi-head thread I. At this time, the spline shaft moves forward to the right and meshes with the internal spline of the output disk, preparing for power connection; at the same time, the transmission shaft II in the shape of an external hexagonal bar also moves forward to the right synchronously and extends into the internal hexagonal counterbore of the sun gear of the planetary gear assembly, preparing for power connection.

[0034] When the transmission shaft I drives the multi-head bolt I to continue rotating counterclockwise, the multi-head bolt I drives the multi-head nut I to rotate. The multi-head nut I drives the multi-head nut II to rotate through the internal hexagonal set screw. The multi-head nut II drives the transmission shaft II to rotate. The transmission shaft II drives the sun gear to rotate. The sun gear drives the planetary gear, and the planetary gear and the planet carrier rotate together. The output external gear on the planet carrier meshes with the internal spline of the internal gear joint in the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism and rotates. At this time, the reduction ratio reaches 1:8.5 after passing through the planetary gear assembly. When the power is transmitted to the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism, the eccentric wheel rotates one week, and the external gear rotates one tooth in the opposite direction (according to the cycloidal pinwheel reduction principle). The external gear drives the output disk to rotate at a reduced speed. At this time, the reduction ratio of the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism reaches 1:35. The internal spline of the output disk passes through the spline shaft of the brake assembly and drives the internal spline of the winch drum to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the winch drum. After two-stage reduction, the total reduction ratio of the electric winch of the present invention reaches 1:297.5. Since the advantages of the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism are large transmission ratio, compact structure, high efficiency, stable operation and long service life, and this component is a common item in the existing, this not only improves the service life, but also is very convenient to replace if it is damaged. At the same time, for a set of planetary gears, it can be quickly determined whether they are damaged during maintenance, which can greatly improve the maintenance speed.

[0035] At the same time, the brake assembly can make the electric winch have a reverse brake effect when working under force. The electric winch works normally (rotating counterclockwise), and is transmitted to the winch drum through the reduction box and the rope pulls normally. If the electric winch stops rotating abnormally at this time, due to the rope of the winch drum being in a stressed state, the power is transmitted in the reverse direction, so that the multi-head nut II and the multi-head bolt II tightly clamp the steel sleeve, making the steel sleeve unable to rotate. And because the spline shaft is installed on the one-way bearing, the characteristics of the one-way bearing determine that it will not rotate in the reverse direction. Therefore, the spline shaft can only rotate in one direction. When the electric winch stops rotating abnormally, the spline shaft (due to the one-way bearing not reversing) will not reverse either, achieving the reverse brake effect. Moreover, the one-way bearing will not heat up when bearing the reverse force (determined by the characteristics of the one-way bearing), which can effectively extend the service life of the motor.

[0036] When the rope-lowering button is pressed, the motor rotates clockwise, and the multi-head bolt Ⅰ screws into the multi-head nut Ⅰ, pulling the spline shaft back to the starting state to the left. At this time, the power connection with the output disc is disengaged. The set screw on the multi-head nut Ⅰ rotates clockwise and hits the groove of the multi-head nut Ⅱ, separating the left-handed threaded multi-head nut Ⅱ from the steel sleeve. Since the steel sleeve and the multi-head bolt Ⅱ are in clearance fit, the steel sleeve, the spline shaft, and the winch drum can rotate freely around the multi-head bolt Ⅱ as a whole. In this way, the pull rope on the winch drum can be easily pulled by hand to achieve the effect of rapid rope lowering.

[0037] In summary, the present invention solves the disadvantages of the original traditional electric winch, such as low efficiency, easy overheating and burning of the motor, and inconvenient operation, realizes the efficient transmission of the electric winch, and improves the convenience of operation.

[0038] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric winch, characterized in that, it includes: a bracket, and the bracket has two parts which are a left bracket and a right bracket respectively; a hoisting drum, and both sides of the hoisting drum are fixed on the left bracket and the right bracket through sliding bearings; a motor, and the motor is fixed on the left bracket, and at the same time, the main shaft of the motor passes through the left bracket and is located inside the hoisting drum; a speed reducer, and the speed reducer is composed of a planetary mechanism and a cycloidal pinwheel mechanism. The planetary mechanism includes an end cover, a sun gear, planetary gears, a planetary carrier and an output spline wheel. One side of the end cover is open and the inside is hollow. An internal gear ring is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the end cover. There are three planetary gears, and the three planetary gears mesh with the internal gear ring and the sun gear. At the same time, the sun gear is inserted into the sliding sleeve of the end cover. The three planetary gears are fixed on the planetary carrier, and an output external gear is fixed on the planetary carrier. The end cover is fixed on the outer cylinder of the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism. At the same time, the output external gear is fixed to the internal gear joint on the eccentric shaft in the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism; a brake assembly, and the brake assembly is located inside the hoisting drum. One side of the brake assembly is fixed to the main shaft of the motor, and the other side passes through the hoisting drum and passes through the cycloidal pinwheel mechanism and is connected to the sun gear. At the same time, when the brake assembly rotates, it drives the sun gear to rotate. The brake assembly can drive the hoisting drum to rotate at the same time. The brake assembly includes a multi-head nut I, a multi-head bolt I, a multi-head nut II and a multi-head bolt II. The multi-head nut I is provided with a stepped central hole, and the central hole is composed of three hole segments. The multi-head bolt I is screwed to the left outer hole segment, and a transmission shaft I fixed to the main shaft of the motor extends outward on the left side of the multi-head bolt I. The multi-head nut II is arranged on the right outer hole segment, and the multi-head nut II is fixed to the multi-head nut I by screws. A bolt hole is also provided in the center of the multi-head nut II. One side of the multi-head bolt II is screwed to the bolt hole of the multi-head nut II, and the other side of the multi-head bolt II has a smooth surface and is located outside the multi-head nut II. At the same time, a steel sleeve with a clearance fit is sleeved on the multi-head bolt II with a smooth surface. A one-way bearing is fixed on the outside of the steel sleeve, and a spline shaft is fixed on the outside of the one-way bearing. The spline shaft meshes with the internal spline provided on the hoisting drum. The opposite sides of the multi-head bolt I and the multi-head bolt II both extend into the middle hole segment of the multi-head nut I, and nuts are screwed on the extended sides of the multi-head bolt I and the multi-head bolt II respectively. At the same time, the nuts need to be fixed firmly after being screwed. The thread directions of the multi-head bolt I and the multi-head bolt II are opposite, and a transmission shaft II that can be inserted into the sun gear is also fixed on the outside of the multi-head bolt II without a nut.

2. An electric winch according to claim 1, characterized in that, both the transmission shaft I and the transmission shaft II are hexagonal columns, and after the transmission shaft I and the transmission shaft II are inserted into the multi-head bolt I and the multi-head bolt II respectively, they are fastened by an open circlip.

Images