A stope filling simulation device and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of filling stope simulation device and simulation method, including goaf simulation box, filling system, temperature control system, humidification system, data acquisition system;By injecting the slurry of stirring to goaf simulation box, stop discharging after injecting a certain height, after filling body solidification, open hand-held three-dimensional scanner to the slope shape of filling body and in the real-time output of slope shape reconstruction model in controller end, study the flow rule and accumulation morphology of slurry, the quality of water is discharged through drainage system to calculate the bleeding rate and sedimentation rate of slurry.After goaf is filled, open temperature humidification system according to actual stope internal temperature and humidity to maintain goaf internal filling body, maintain a period of time, remove simulation box, carry out drilling coring to its internal filling body, measure its strength distribution.The application is simple to operate, convenient to use, can reproduce the whole process of site filling, so as to improve the whole mine filling process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of simulation of backfill mining method, in particular, relates to a backfill stope simulation device and a simulation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the exhaustion of shallow resources, resource exploitation gradually develops to deep part, and deep exploitation inevitably encounters problems such as high temperature and high ground pressure. Many metal mines still use the method of stage open stope and subsequent backfill mining, the stope height is usually 30-60m, the volume of backfill body reaches tens of thousands of cubic meters, and the existence of geothermal and underground water will increase the temperature and humidity of the stope, which will bring certain negative effects on the strength of the backfill body. Many studies are to determine the strength of the backfill body in the field by the method of laboratory production of small test pieces, which is too one-sided and insufficient to reflect the actual strength of the backfill body in the field, and there is a large error. In the process of field filling, due to the difference of feeding point and feeding mode, the slurry will produce different flow rules and stacking shapes, which will result in large difference of the strength of the backfill body at different positions. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the influence of feeding position, feeding mode and temperature change on the strength change of the backfill body.

[0003] In view of this, the present application is proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, and to provide a backfill stope simulation device and a simulation method, which comprises a goaf simulation box, a filling system, a temperature control system, a humidification system and a data acquisition system. The mixed slurry is injected into the goaf simulation box, the discharge is stopped after a certain height is injected, the slope surface shape of the backfill body is scanned by opening the handheld three-dimensional scanner after the backfill body is solidified, and the reconstructed model of the slope surface shape is output in real time at the controller end, the flow rule and stacking shape of the slurry are studied, the water quality is discharged through the drainage system to calculate the bleeding rate and the sedimentation rate of the slurry. After the goaf is filled, the temperature and humidity control and humidification system is opened to maintain the internal backfill body of the goaf according to the actual internal temperature and humidity of the stope, and after a period of maintenance, the simulation box is removed, the internal backfill body is drilled and cored, and the strength distribution is measured. The whole process of field filling can be reproduced to improve the whole mine filling process.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the basic idea of the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0006] A backfill stope simulation device, comprising a goaf simulation box, a filling system, a temperature control system, a humidification system and a data acquisition system.

[0007] The left side and the right side of the goaf simulation box are provided with beam structures for placing the filling pipes, the beam structures are in the shape of a character, the beam structures are movably installed on the device base and span above the goaf simulation box, the upper part of the beam structure is provided with a movable fixing plate for fixing the filling pipes;

[0008] The filling system comprises a stirring barrel, a filling pipe and a pressure pump, one end of the filling pipe is connected with the stirring barrel, the other end is a slurry outlet end, the end is installed on the fixing plate, and the pressure pump is connected in series on the filling pipe;

[0009] The temperature control system comprises a resistance wire, a temperature control button and a display screen, the resistance wire is installed on the device base, and the temperature control button and the display screen are installed on one side edge of the device base;

[0010] The humidification system comprises a plurality of spray heads and a water pump, the spray heads are installed on the upper left side and the right side of the beam structure on the right side of the goaf, and the spray heads are connected with the water pump through pipes;

[0011] The data acquisition system comprises a handheld three-dimensional scanner and a controller, the handheld three-dimensional scanner is installed at the top middle position of the right side beam structure, and the handheld three-dimensional scanner is electrically connected with the controller.

[0012] Further, the device base is in the shape of a cuboid, a simulation box fixing groove is arranged in the middle, and the goaf simulation box is arranged in the simulation box fixing groove; the front and rear sides of the device base are provided with sliding channels, and the bottom of the beam structure is provided with pulleys which are matched with the sliding channels.

[0013] Further, the upper part of the beam structure is provided with a sliding channel, and the bottom of the fixing plate is provided with a pulley which is slidably matched with the sliding channel.

[0014] Further, the left side and the right side of the goaf simulation box are both provided with a drainage system, the drainage system comprises a drainage plate, a drainage groove, drainage holes and a drainage pipe, a woven bag is attached to the inner side of the drainage plate, a plurality of drainage holes are arranged on the drainage plate, the drainage groove is arranged at the bottom of the drainage plate, the drainage holes converge into the drainage groove, and the drainage groove is connected with the drainage pipe.

[0015] Further, the inside and the upper part of the goaf simulation box are both provided with grooves with different shapes for simulating goafs.

[0016] Further, the lower part of the beam structure is provided with a hydraulic cylinder which can be lifted and adjusted.

[0017] Further, the goaf simulation box is made of tempered glass, and scale values are engraved on the left end and the right end of the goaf simulation box.

[0018] Further, the beam structure is limited by a beam structure fixing device, the beam structure fixing device mainly comprises bolts and a fixing device, the fixing device is clamped on the sliding channel, and the bolts are arranged on the outer side of the fixing device.

[0019] Further, the fixing plate is limited by a fixing plate fixing device, which mainly comprises a bolt and a fixing device.

[0020] A stope filling simulation method, comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step one: measure the height, width, length and shape of the stope and carry out proportional reduction, thereby determining the size and shape of the goaf simulation box; determine the slurry discharge point and discharge mode according to the site working conditions, determine the stope slurry flow rate, determine whether the stope is filled once or several times, calculate the filling height and the feeding concentration of each filling, and determine the temperature and humidity changes of the stope, thereby timely adjusting and controlling the temperature and humidity of the goaf simulation box;

[0022] Step two: adjust the height, length and shape of the goaf simulation box according to the size of the stope; calculate the mass of tailings, cement and water required for each layer of the simulation stope according to the feeding concentration of each layer of the stope, adjust the slurry flow rate through the water pump; change the pipeline layout position and discharge mode to study the influence degree of different filling modes on the slurry flow law and the strength distribution of the filling body, and provide a most suitable pipeline layout mode for the stope;

[0023] Step three: fill the stope using the filling system, determine the filling height according to the surface scale of the simulation box, after filling a layer, wait for the filling body to solidify, push the right beam structure of the simulation box to scan the filling body and output the layer reconstruction model in real time, study the influence degree of different discharge modes on the slurry flow law and the stacking shape, after 12-24 hours, adjust the slurry concentration to continue injecting the next layer, after filling the simulation box, adjust the temperature and humidity of the simulation box according to the temperature and humidity of the stope to maintain the filling body in the simulation box, after a period of maintenance, remove the tempered glass, drill and core the filling body at different positions, and study the strength distribution law of the filling body.

[0024] After the above technical scheme is adopted, the present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art.

[0025] The left and right beam structures and the fixing device of the simulation box can realize that the slurry enters the goaf at any position and any height, and can realize the random switching of single-point discharge and multi-point discharge; the handheld three-dimensional scanner can scan the solidified filling body, and the influence degree of different feeding positions, feeding concentrations and feeding modes on the slurry flow law, stacking shape and strength distribution of the filling body can be studied.

[0026] After the simulation box is filled, the temperature control system is adjusted to change the temperature of the simulation box to approach the temperature of the mining field, and the humidity in the simulation box is adjusted by the humidification system to approach the humidity of the mining field, and the influence of the change of temperature and humidity on the strength change of the filling body can also be studied.

[0027] The device and method of the present application, combined with three-dimensional scanning, filling simulation, drainage and temperature and humidity control structures, can obtain the influence of different discharge points and discharge modes on the flow rule and stacking form of the slurry, the influence of different feeding concentrations on the flow mode and stacking form of the slurry, the influence of different discharge points and discharge modes on the strength distribution of the filling body, the influence of different temperatures and humidities on the strength change of the filling body, and the strength difference between the layered filling body and the non-layered filling body. Compared with the prior art, the present application is closer to the field filling, the method is simple to operate, the obtained experimental data is closer to the field filling body, and the present application can be widely applied in the field of filling.

[0028] The specific embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are part of the present application, serve to provide a further understanding of the present application, and the schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof serve to explain the present application, but do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the basis of these drawings. In the drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the filling mining field simulation device of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the goaf simulation box of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the beam structure of the present application.

[0033] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the beam structure fixing device structure of the present application.

[0034] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the fixed plate fixing device structure of the present application.

[0035] Wherein: 1-stirring barrel, 2-filling pipeline, 3-pressure pump, 4-hydraulic cylinder, 5-beam structure, 6-fixing plate, 7-water injection pipeline, 8-bolt, 9-gob simulation box, 10-device base, 11-slide, 12-resistance wire, 13-beam structure fixing device, 14-display screen, 15-temperature control button, 16-drainage hole, 17-water bucket, 18-drainage plate, 19-sprinkler, 20-handheld three-dimensional scanner, 21-controller, 22-woven bag, 23-groove, 24-pulley, 25-drainage tank, 26-fixing plate fixing device, 27-simulation box fixing groove, 28-baffle.

[0036] It should be noted that these drawings and written descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept of the present application in any way, but to illustrate the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0039] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] As shown in the accompanying Figures 1 to 5 The filling stope simulation device provided by the present application comprises a gob simulation box 9, a filling system, a temperature control system, a humidification system, and a data acquisition system, wherein:

[0041] The left and right sides of the goaf simulation box 9 are provided with beam structures 5 for placing the filling pipe 2, the beam structures 5 are in the shape of a square, the beam structures 5 are movably installed on the device base 10 and span above the goaf simulation box 9. The upper part of the beam structure 5 is provided with a movable fixing plate 6 for fixing the pipe, and the upper part of the beam structure 5 is provided with a slide 11, and the fixing plate 6 is slidably connected and moved through the slide 11.

[0042] The device base 10 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, and a simulation box fixing groove 27 is arranged in the middle, and the goaf simulation box 9 is arranged in the simulation box fixing groove 27; the front and rear sides of the device base 10 are provided with slides 11, the bottom of the beam structure 5 is provided with a pulley 24, the pulley 24 cooperates with the slide 11, and the beam structure 5 can be pushed to slide along the slide 11, and after being pushed to a certain position, the beam structure 5 can be fixed by using a fixing device, so that the slurry can enter the goaf at any position, and after the position is determined, the beam structure 5 can also be fixed by using a beam structure fixing device 13, the beam structure fixing device 13 mainly comprises a bolt 8 and a fixing device, and a gap is left between the slide 11 of the device base 10 and the fixing device, so that the fixing device can clamp the slide 11, a bolt 8 is arranged outside the fixing device, and rotating the bolt 8 can make the bolt 8 abut against the slide 11, so that the fixing device is fixed on the upper part of the slide 11, and after the beam structure 5 slides to a certain position, fixing devices are arranged in front of and behind the beam structure 5, so that the beam structure 5 is firmly controlled. The fixing plate 6 for fixing the filling pipe 2 can also be provided with a pulley, and the position of the fixing plate 6 can be changed by using different pipe diameters and different discharging points, and a plurality of fixing plates 6 can correspond to a plurality of filling pipes 2, so that multi-point discharging can be realized.

[0043] The filling system is used for injecting slurry into the goaf simulation box 9, and comprises a stirring barrel 1, a filling pipe 2 and a pressure pump 3, one end of the filling pipe 2 is connected with the stirring barrel 1, and the other end is a slurry outlet end, the end is installed on the fixing plate 6, and the pressure pump 3 is connected in series on the filling pipe 2. The fixing plate 6 is a movable plate, and the position of the fixing plate 6 can be changed to fill different positions, and the fixing plate 6 is connected with the beam structure 5 through a fixing plate fixing device, the fixing plate fixing device mainly comprises a bolt 8 and a fixing device, the upper part of the beam structure 5 is clamped by using the fixing device, the bolt 8 is arranged outside the fixing device, and rotating the bolts 8 on the left and right sides of the fixing device can make the bolt 8 clamp the beam structure 5, fixing devices are arranged on both sides of the fixing plate 6 to clamp the fixing plate 6, and the position of the fixing plate 6 is fixed. A baffle 28 is arranged below the pipe, and the feeding can be stopped at any time, and the control of the filling amount can be facilitated by combining the control of the pressure pump 3. The filling system can simulate the influence of filling at different positions and multi-point filling on the slurry flow mode, the stacking shape and the strength distribution of the filling body.

[0044] The temperature control system comprises a resistance wire 12, a temperature control button 15 and a display screen 14. The resistance wire 12 is installed in the inside of the device base 10, and the temperature control button 15 and the display screen 14 are installed on one side edge of the device base 10. The temperature inside the goaf can be adjusted through the temperature control button 15 and the display screen 14, and the influence of temperature change on the strength change of the filling body is studied.

[0045] The humidification system comprises a spray head 19 and a water pump. The spray head 19 is a plurality of spray heads 19 with extremely small hole diameters, which are installed on the upper left side and the right side of the right beam structure 5 of the goaf. The spray head 19 is connected to the water pump through a water injection pipeline 7. The water pump is adjusted to inject water into the spray head 19, so that the water in the spray head 19 is sprayed out in the form of mist. The water pump is adjusted to control the humidity inside the simulation box. A concrete humidity measuring instrument is used to measure the humidity of the filling body inside the simulation box, so that it is consistent with the stope as much as possible. The influence of humidity change on the strength change of the filling body is studied. After the goaf is filled, the temperature control and humidification system is opened to maintain the filling body inside the simulation box, so that the strength determination of the filling body in the later stage can obtain data close to the strength of the stope filling body.

[0046] The data acquisition system is used to store and acquire the scanning results of the handheld three-dimensional scanner 20 on the layered surfaces of the filling body. The reconstructed model of each layered surface of the filling body is output in real time under the conditions of different unloading modes, unloading points and feeding concentrations, and the flow rule of the slurry is determined. The data acquisition system comprises a handheld three-dimensional scanner 20 and a controller 21. The handheld three-dimensional scanner 20 is installed at the top middle position of the right beam structure 5, and the handheld three-dimensional scanner 20 is electrically connected to the controller 21. The beam structure 5 is movable, so that the filling body at different layered surfaces can be scanned. The scanner is relatively cheap and convenient to disassemble. After the slurry is solidified, the beam structure 5 can be pushed to scan the entire goaf and output the reconstructed model of the filling body at layered surfaces in real time.

[0047] The left side and the right side of the goaf simulation box 9 are both provided with a drainage system. The drainage system comprises a drainage plate 18, a drainage groove 25, drainage holes 16 and a drainage pipe. The inside of the drainage plate 18 is attached with a woven bag 22. The drainage plate 18 is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 16. The drainage groove 25 is located at the bottom of the drainage plate 18. The drainage holes 16 converge in the drainage groove 25, and the drainage groove 25 is connected to the drainage pipeline. The water in the slurry is slightly filtered by the woven bag 22, flows out of the drainage holes 16, and is collected in the drainage groove 25 at the bottom. The water is then discharged through the drainage pipe. A water bucket 17 is placed beside the drainage pipeline to contain the discharged water. The water discharged from the slurry can be smoothly drained out of the goaf through the drainage system. The water quality is used to calculate the water secretion rate and the sedimentation rate of the slurry.

[0048] In this example, the inside and upper part of the goaf simulation box 9 are provided with different shapes of grooves 23. The shape and height of the goaf simulation box 9 can be adjusted according to the actual size of the goaf. The goaf simulation box 9 is made of tempered glass. The inside of the simulation box is provided with different shapes of grooves 23, which can be used to simulate goafs of different shapes. The upper part of the simulation box is also provided with grooves 23, which can be used to simulate goafs of different heights.

[0049] The lower part of the beam structure 5 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 4 that can be adjusted in height. The left and right beam structures 5 are each provided with four telescopic hydraulic cylinders 4. For goafs of different heights, the hydraulic cylinders 4 can be adjusted to control the height of the beam structure 5, so as to achieve filling of different heights. The left and right ends of the goaf simulation box 9 are each marked with a scale value. The height of the slurry inlet and the settlement height of the slurry at different positions can be determined according to the scale value.

[0050] The filling stope simulation method based on the filling stope simulation device described above comprises the following steps:

[0051] Step 1: Measure the height, width, length and shape of the stope and reduce them in proportion. According to this, the size and shape of the goaf simulation box 9 are determined. The slurry discharge point and discharge mode are determined according to the site conditions. The stope slurry flow rate is determined. It is determined whether the stope is filled at one time or in several times. The filling height and the concentration of the inlet material for each filling are calculated. The temperature and humidity of the stope are determined. The temperature and humidity of the goaf simulation box 9 are adjusted in time according to the temperature and humidity of the stope.

[0052] Step 2: Adjust the height, length and shape of the goaf simulation box 9 according to the size of the stope. Calculate the mass of tailings, cement and water required for each layer of the simulation stope filling body according to the concentration of the inlet material of each layer of the stope. Adjust the slurry flow rate by the water pump. Change the pipe arrangement position and the discharge mode (single-point discharge or multi-point discharge) to study the influence of different filling modes on the slurry flow law and the strength distribution of the filling body, so as to provide a most suitable pipe arrangement mode for the stope.

[0053] Step 3: Fill the filling system. Determine the filling height according to the scale on the surface of the simulation box. After filling a layer, wait for the filling body to solidify. Push the right beam structure 5 of the simulation box to scan the filling body and output the reconstruction model of the layer in real time. Study the influence of different discharge modes on the slurry flow law and the stacking shape. After 12-24 hours, adjust the slurry concentration to continue injecting the next layer. After filling the simulation box, adjust the temperature and humidity of the simulation box according to the temperature and humidity of the stope. Maintain the filling body in the simulation box (the influence of the change of temperature and humidity on the strength change of the filling body can also be studied). After a period of maintenance, remove the tempered glass. Drill and core the filling body at different positions to study the strength distribution law of the filling body.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] Combined with appendix Figures 1-5 As shown, the simulated goaf in this experiment had a strike length of approximately 368m, a width of approximately 107m, and a stage height of approximately 83m. The goaf was filled using the subsequent backfilling method. Due to limitations in backfilling capacity and process, the goaf was filled in three stages: the first stage had a slurry concentration of 76%, the second stage had a concentration of 70%, and the third stage had a concentration of 76%. The slurry flow velocity was 140–200 m / s². 3 / h.

[0056] Based on the specific parameters of the mine backfilling, the simulation similarity ratio was set to 1:100. The dimensions of the goaf simulation box were determined to be 3600mm×1005mm×800mm, the base dimensions to be 4350mm×1570mm×250mm, and the slide dimensions to be 4350mm long and 346mm wide. Based on the on-site backfilling conditions and the similarity ratio, the slurry flow rate was determined to be 3.80L / min. Backfilling was carried out in three stages, each with a height of 366mm. The concentration of the first backfill was 76%, the second backfill was 70%, and the top layer had a concentration of 76%.

[0057] The filling pipe 2 is fixed to the upper part of the movable beam structure 5. Based on the site conditions, the left and right beam structures 5 of the simulation box are adjusted to deliver slurry into the goaf using different filling positions and multi-point filling methods. After one layer of filling is completed and the filling material has solidified, the right beam structure 5 is pushed, and the handheld 3D scanner 20 on it is used to scan the entire goaf simulation box 9 and output a reconstructed model of the filling material's layers in real time. The bleeding rate and shrinkage rate of the slurry are calculated based on the water discharged from the goaf simulation box 9. After the goaf simulation box 9 is filled, the temperature control system and humidification system are adjusted to cure the filling material inside the simulation box, and the influence of different temperatures and humidity on the strength changes of the filling material is studied. After a period of time, the goaf simulation box is dismantled, and core samples are taken from the filling material at different locations to study the influence of different feeding positions, feeding methods, and slurry concentrations on the slurry flow pattern, accumulation morphology, and strength distribution of the filling material. Ultimately, this provides guidance for determining the filling position and filling method in mines.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method of stope filling simulation, characterized in that, The filling stope simulation device comprises a goaf simulation box (9), a filling system, a temperature control system, a humidification system and a data acquisition system. The left side and the right side of the goaf simulation box (9) are provided with beam structures (5) for placing the filling pipes (2), the beam structures (5) are in the shape of a Chinese character, the beam structures (5) are movably installed on the device base (10) and span above the goaf simulation box (9), the upper part of the beam structures (5) is provided with movable fixing plates (6) for fixing the filling pipes (2); The filling system comprises a stirring barrel (1), filling pipes (2) and a pressure pump (3), one end of the filling pipes (2) is connected with the stirring barrel (1), the other end is a slurry outlet end, the slurry outlet end is installed on the fixing plate (6), and the pressure pump (3) is connected in series with the filling pipes (2); The temperature control system comprises resistance wires (12), temperature control buttons (15) and a display screen (14), the resistance wires (12) are installed on the device base (10), the temperature control buttons (15) and the display screen (14) are installed on one side edge of the device base (10); The humidification system comprises spray heads (19) and a water pump, the spray heads (19) are connected with the water pump through water injection pipes (7), and the spray heads (19) are installed on the upper left side and the right side of the right beam structure (5); The data acquisition system comprises a handheld three-dimensional scanner (20) and a controller (21), the handheld three-dimensional scanner (20) is installed on the top middle position of the right beam structure (5), the handheld three-dimensional scanner (20) is electrically connected with the controller (21), the data acquisition system is used for storing and acquiring the scanning results of the handheld three-dimensional scanner (20) on the layered surfaces of the filling body, and the reconstructed model of each layered surface of the filling body under different conditions of the discharging mode, the discharging point and the feeding concentration is output in real time, so as to determine the flow rule of the slurry; The left side and the right side of the goaf simulation box (9) are provided with drainage systems, the drainage system comprises a drainage plate (18), a drainage groove (25), drainage holes (16) and a drainage pipe, the inner side of the drainage plate (18) is attached with a woven bag (22), the drainage plate (18) is provided with a plurality of drainage holes (16), the drainage groove (25) is located at the bottom of the drainage plate (18), the drainage holes (16) converge in the drainage groove (25), and the drainage groove (25) is connected with the drainage pipe, so that the water exuded by the slurry can be smoothly drained out of the goaf, and the water excretion rate and the sedimentation rate of the slurry can be calculated by the quality of the drained water; The filling stope simulation method specifically comprises the following steps: Step one: measuring the height, width, length and shape of the stope and performing proportional reduction, determining the size and shape of the goaf simulation box (9) according to the measurement results, determining the discharging point and the discharging mode of the slurry according to the field conditions, determining the slurry flow rate of the stope, determining whether the stope is filled once or several times, calculating the filling height and the feeding concentration of each filling, and determining the temperature and humidity changes of the stope, and timely adjusting and controlling the temperature and humidity of the goaf simulation box (9) according to the changes. Step two: according to the size of the stope, adjust the height, length and shape of the goaf simulation box (9) appropriately; calculate the mass of tailings, cement and water required for each sublevel filling body in the simulation stope according to the feeding concentration of each sublevel in the stope, adjust the slurry flow rate through the water pump; change the pipeline layout position and feeding mode, study the influence degree of different filling modes on the slurry flow rule and strength distribution of the filling body, and provide a most suitable pipeline layout mode for the stope; Step three: filling is carried out by using the filling system, the filling height is determined according to the scale on the surface of the simulation box, after filling a layer, the filling body is solidified, the right beam structure (5) of the simulation box is pushed to scan the filling body and output the reconstruction model of the sublevel surface in real time, the influence degree of different feeding modes on the slurry flow rule and stacking form is studied; after 12-24 hours, adjust the slurry concentration to continue injecting the next layer, after filling the simulation box, adjust the temperature and humidity of the simulation box according to the temperature and humidity of the stope to maintain the filling body in the simulation box, after a period of maintenance, remove the tempered glass, drill and core the filling body at different positions, and study the strength distribution rule of the filling body.

2. A stope simulation method according to claim 1, characterised in that, The device base (10) is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, a simulation box fixing groove (27) is arranged in the middle, and the goaf simulation box (9) is arranged in the simulation box fixing groove (27); the front and rear sides of the device base (10) are provided with sliding channels (11), and the bottom of the beam structure (5) is provided with pulleys (24) which are matched with the sliding channels (11).

3. A stope simulation method according to claim 1, characterised in that, The upper part of the beam structure (5) is provided with a sliding channel (11), and the bottom of the fixed plate (6) is provided with a pulley (24) which is matched with the sliding channel (11) in sliding mode.

4. A stope simulation method according to claim 1, characterised in that, The goaf simulation box (9) is internally and externally provided with grooves (23) of different shapes for simulating goafs.

5. A method of stope simulation according to claim 1, wherein, The lower part of the beam structure (5) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (4) which can be lifted and adjusted.

6. A method of stope simulation according to claim 1, wherein, The goaf simulation box (9) is made of tempered glass, and the left end and the right end of the goaf simulation box (9) are marked with scale values.

7. A method of stope simulation according to claim 2, wherein, The beam structure (5) is limited by a beam structure fixing device (13), and the beam structure fixing device (13) mainly comprises bolts (8) and a fixing device, the fixing device is clamped on the sliding channel (11), and the bolts (8) are arranged on the outer side of the fixing device.

8. A stope simulation method according to claim 3 wherein, The fixed plate (6) is limited by a fixed plate fixing device (26), and the fixed plate fixing device (26) mainly comprises bolts (8) and a fixing device, the fixing device clamps the upper part of the beam structure (5), and the bolts (8) are arranged on the outer side of the fixing device.

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