A drainage system for a long water-rich tunnel

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering technology, and in particular to a drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel, comprising a tunnel water collecting device, a tunnel drainage device, a construction joint drainage device, and a road surface drainage device. A plurality of first drainage pipes arranged longitudinally along the tunnel are provided, a second drainage pipe row is provided below the tunnel road surface, a first drainage ditch is provided on both sides of the tunnel entrance in the middle of the tunnel invert and extends along the tunnel extension direction, a second drainage ditch is provided in parallel to the side of the first drainage ditch, a first water stop strip and a second water stop strip are provided at the tunnel construction joint, and a permeable blind pipe row is provided below the steel bar layer. At the same time, the second drainage pipe row and the top surface of the filling layer form a drainage slope with the tunnel transversely, thereby significantly improving the water collection capacity, drainage capacity, strengthening the construction joint drainage, and road surface drainage capacity of the drainage system for the water-rich extra-long tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to a drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel. Background Art

[0002] As the longitudinal length of the tunnel increases, the tunnel will inevitably cross geological sections with complex geological conditions, such as areas rich in groundwater and karst strata. Therefore, mountain tunnels often encounter floods during construction and operation. Groundwater in water-rich strata not only accelerates the aging of the tunnel system, but also poses a threat to the safety of tunnel pavement operations.

[0003] The drainage system of a tunnel is an important part of tunnel construction, normal use and safe operation. The design specifications of the drainage system of existing long water-rich tunnels and the existing problems are as follows:

[0004] (1) Tunnel water collection device: The Highway Tunnel Design Code stipulates that "the longitudinal drainage pipe of the tunnel should not be less than 100 mm, and the transverse drainage pipe should not be less than 80 mm." The common-sized longitudinal and transverse drainage pipes used in the drainage system of existing tunnels can no longer meet the needs of collecting groundwater in tunnels in water-rich strata.

[0005] (2) Tunnel drainage device: The conventional side drains and single central drains used in existing tunnel drainage systems cannot meet the needs of strata with large water inflows. Failure to discharge groundwater in a timely manner can cause sudden water and mud inrush events in the tunnel.

[0006] (3) Tunnel construction joint device: The construction joint is the weak link during the operation of the tunnel system. The conventional water stop strips used in the existing tunnel drainage system mainly block the water, which easily causes stress concentration at the system construction joint.

[0007] (4) Pavement drainage device: The Highway Tunnel Design Code stipulates that "the pavement of expressways, first-class highways and second-class highways should be free of wet spots". This puts forward higher requirements for pavement drainage than for civil engineering systems. The pavement system used in the drainage system of existing tunnels does not fully consider the principle of drainage redundancy in drainage design.

[0008] In view of this, it is necessary to propose a drainage system for water-rich extra-long tunnels to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a drainage system for water-rich extra-long tunnels to solve the problems in the existing drainage systems of water-rich extra-long tunnels that the longitudinal and transverse drainage pipes of ordinary sizes cannot meet the needs of collecting groundwater; the conventional side ditches and a single central drainage ditch cannot meet the needs of strata with large water inflow, and the untimely discharge of groundwater will cause sudden water and mud inrush events in the tunnel; the conventional water stop strips mainly use blocking as a method to easily cause stress concentration at the construction joints of the system; and the pavement drainage system does not fully consider the principle of drainage redundancy in drainage design.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel, comprising: a tunnel water collection device, a tunnel drainage device, a construction joint drainage device, and a road surface drainage device; wherein,

[0011] The tunnel water collection device comprises a plurality of first drainage pipes arranged behind the tunnel lining and arranged longitudinally along the tunnel, a second drainage pipe row arranged below the tunnel pavement, the second drainage pipe row being connected to the first drainage pipe, the second drainage pipe row comprising a plurality of second drainage pipes arranged parallel to the tunnel transverse direction and spaced apart by a first preset distance, and a first drainage slope being formed between the second drainage pipe and the tunnel transverse direction;

[0012] The construction joint drainage device comprises a first drainable water stop attached to the junction of the rock and soil surface and the lining surface at the tunnel construction joint, a second water stop arranged below the ground in parallel with the first water stop in the secondary lining at the tunnel construction joint, and at least one vertical drainage hole is arranged on the first water stop, and the vertical drainage hole is connected to the first drainage pipe to collect water from the tunnel construction joint and drain it to the first drainage pipe;

[0013] The tunnel drainage device comprises a first drainage ditch arranged in the middle of the tunnel invert and extending in the tunnel extension direction, a second drainage ditch arranged parallel to the side of the first drainage ditch, and a drainage hole arranged outside the tunnel and extending in the tunnel extension direction; the drainage hole is connected to the first drainage ditch through a vehicle cross tunnel;

[0014] The second drainage pipe includes a first sub-drainage pipe and a second sub-drainage pipe, the high end of the first sub-drainage pipe is connected to the first drainage pipe, the low end of the first sub-drainage pipe and the high end of the second sub-drainage pipe are connected to the second drainage ditch, and the low end of the second sub-drainage pipe is connected to the first drainage ditch;

[0015] The road surface drainage device includes a filling layer arranged at the invert, and a second drainage slope is formed between the top surface of the filling layer and the lateral direction of the tunnel; a third drainage ditch is arranged on both sides of the tunnel road surface and extends along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the third drainage ditch is connected to the second drainage ditch.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the second drainage ditches is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel; it also includes a permeable blind pipe row arranged below the pavement reinforcement layer, the permeable blind pipe row includes a plurality of permeable blind pipes that are arranged at a preset inclination angle to the tunnel transverse direction and are spaced at a second preset distance, the permeable blind pipes are connected to the second drainage ditch to drain the groundwater collected by the permeable blind pipe row to the second drainage ditch.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the first drainage ditches is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the tunnel; the second drainage pipe row also includes a third sub-drainage pipe row with low ends and high middle, and the two low ends of the third sub-drainage pipe row are respectively connected to the first drainage ditches located on both sides of the center line of the tunnel.

[0018] Preferably, the first waterstop is a drainable back-stick waterstop, there are two vertical drainage holes, the two vertical drainage holes are connected to the first drainage pipe through a connecting component, and the second waterstop is an embedded rubber waterstop.

[0019] Preferably, the vertical drain hole is connected to the first drain pipe through a connecting component, and the connecting component includes a first conduit, a first communicating vessel, a second conduit and a second communicating vessel connected in sequence from top to bottom; wherein, the vertical drain hole is connected to the first conduit, the first conduit is connected to the first communicating vessel, the first communicating vessel is connected to the second conduit, the second conduit is connected to the second communicating vessel, the second communicating vessel is connected to the first drain pipe, the first communicating vessel is a Y-type three-way communicating vessel, and the second communicating vessel is a T-type three-way communicating vessel.

[0020] Preferably, the first drainage slope is ≥3%; and the second drainage slope is ≥2%.

[0021] Preferably, the cross section of the first drainage ditch is rectangular, and the size of the cross section is 60cm*60cm.

[0022] Preferably, the first preset distance is 8m, and the second preset distance is 3-8m.

[0023] Preferably, the diameters of the first drain pipe and the second drain pipe are both The diameter of the water-permeable blind pipe is

[0024] Preferably, the third drainage ditch is an open curb ditch.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel provided by the present invention comprises: a tunnel water collecting device, a tunnel drainage device, a construction joint drainage device, and a road surface drainage device; wherein:

[0027] The tunnel water collection device comprises a plurality of first drainage pipes arranged behind the tunnel lining and arranged longitudinally along the tunnel, a second drainage pipe row arranged below the tunnel pavement, the second drainage pipe row being connected to the first drainage pipe, the second drainage pipe row comprising a plurality of second drainage pipes arranged parallel to the tunnel transverse direction and spaced apart by a first preset distance, and a first drainage slope being formed between the second drainage pipe and the tunnel transverse direction;

[0028] The construction joint drainage device comprises a first drainable water stop attached to the junction of the rock and soil surface and the lining surface at the tunnel construction joint, a second water stop arranged below the ground in parallel with the first water stop in the secondary lining at the tunnel construction joint, and at least one vertical drainage hole is arranged on the first water stop, and the vertical drainage hole is connected to the first drainage pipe to collect water from the tunnel construction joint and drain it to the first drainage pipe;

[0029] The tunnel drainage device comprises a first drainage ditch arranged in the middle of the tunnel invert and extending in the tunnel extension direction, a second drainage ditch arranged parallel to the side of the first drainage ditch, and a drainage hole arranged outside the tunnel and extending in the tunnel extension direction; the drainage hole is connected to the first drainage ditch through a vehicle cross tunnel;

[0030] The second drainage pipe row includes a first sub-drainage pipe row and a second sub-drainage pipe row, the first sub-drainage pipe row is connected to the second sub-drainage pipe row through the second drainage ditch, the high end of the first sub-drainage pipe row is connected to the first drainage pipe, the low end of the first sub-drainage pipe row and the high end of the second sub-drainage pipe row are connected to the second drainage ditch, and the low end of the second sub-drainage pipe row is connected to the first drainage ditch;

[0031] The road surface drainage device includes a filling layer arranged at the invert, and a second drainage slope is formed between the top surface of the filling layer and the lateral direction of the tunnel; a third drainage ditch is arranged on both sides of the tunnel road surface and extends along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the third drainage ditch is connected to the second drainage ditch.

[0032] The drainage system for long water-rich tunnels has the following advantages:

[0033] 1. Strong water collection capacity. The tunnel water collection device adopts a double hole with a longitudinal slope of 0.8%, which can collect 648m per meter. 3 / d of groundwater, the water collection capacity is increased to 3.4 times that of ordinary Φ110mm vertical and horizontal drainage pipes.

[0034] 2. Excellent drainage capacity. The tunnel drainage device adopts double main holes with a drainage capacity of up to 772,000 m 3 / d, and by setting up parallel drainage holes, the drainage capacity of the drainage system increased to 1.872 million m 3 / d. It is preferred to introduce groundwater directly into the drainage hole. If it is not possible to introduce water directly into the drainage hole, the main hole also has a strong drainage capacity.

[0035] (1) Drain the water from the main tunnel to the drainage tunnel in a timely manner, making full use of the drainage capacity of the drainage tunnel;

[0036] (2) The first drainage ditch is divided into multiple sections by the vehicle cross tunnel. The maximum drainage path of groundwater in the main tunnel does not exceed 1000m, and the possibility of groundwater congestion in the main tunnel is reduced. Even if the central ditch is congested during tunnel operation, the location of the congestion in the central ditch can be quickly found;

[0037] (3) The cross tunnel adopts a standardized design, is small in scale, and is easy to implement;

[0038] (4) Parallel guide holes can be fully utilized to increase the working surface and speed up the construction progress;

[0039] 3. Strengthen construction joint drainage. In view of the characteristics of water-rich strata, the new type of drainage back-stick waterstop in the construction joint drainage device can solve the problems of high water pressure caused by traditional waterstop only blocking but not draining, and the inability to drain water, too small ridges, too soft texture, and inconvenient construction of traditional back-stick waterstop; the water of the drainage back-stick waterstop is connected to the longitudinal drainage pipe and then discharged into the first drainage ditch.

[0040] 4. Multi-layer optimization of road drainage devices.

[0041] (1) A V-shaped lateral drainage slope of 2% is set on the top surface of the tunnel invert filling, and the drainage is directed to the first drainage ditch;

[0042] (2) In the tunnel bottom where there is water seepage, a continuous reinforcement layer should be installed below the bottom layer. The horizontal permeable blind pipes are set at a spacing of 3-8m according to the water abundance;

[0043] (3) Open curb ditches are set up on both sides of the tunnel pavement to drain road surface water and sewage from cleaning during operation, so that sewage and lining surrounding rock water can be discharged separately;

[0044] (4) Water from the pavement structure should be drained to the first drainage ditch and the second drainage ditch in a timely manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the systems shown in these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a tunnel water collection device and main tunnel drainage of a drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of a drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a construction joint drainage device for a drainage system of a water-rich extra-long tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a first waterstop for a drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 It is a schematic elevation view of a construction joint drainage device for a drainage system of a water-rich extra-long tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of road surface safety redundant drainage of a drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] The purpose, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0053] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0054] A first drain pipe 100;

[0055] The second drainage pipe row 200; the first sub-drainage pipe row 210; the second sub-drainage pipe row 220; the third sub-drainage pipe row 230;

[0056] Permeable blind pipe row 300;

[0057] Tunnel 400; lining 410; invert 420; filling layer 430; vehicle tunnel 440;

[0058] A first drainage ditch 500; a second drainage ditch 510; a third drainage ditch 520; a drainage hole 530;

[0059] Construction joint 600; first water stop 610; second water stop 620; vertical drainage hole 630; connecting component 640; first connecting vessel 641; second connecting vessel 642; first conduit 643; second conduit 644; geotechnical surface 650; secondary lining 660. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0061] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0063] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0064] Please refer to the attached Figure 1-6 , a tunnel water collecting device, a tunnel drainage device, a construction joint drainage device, and a pavement drainage device for a drainage system of a water-rich extra-long tunnel in one embodiment of the present invention; wherein the tunnel water collecting device includes a plurality of first drainage pipes 100 arranged behind a tunnel lining 410 and arranged longitudinally along a tunnel 400, a second drainage pipe row 200 arranged below the pavement of the tunnel 400, the second drainage pipe row 200 being connected to the first drainage pipe 100, the second drainage pipe row 200 including a plurality of second drainage pipes (not numbered in the figure) arranged transversely parallel to the tunnel 400 and spaced apart by a first preset distance, and a first drainage slope is formed transversely between the second drainage pipe and the tunnel 400.

[0065] The construction joint 600 drainage device includes a drainable first waterstop 610 attached to the junction of the rock surface 650 and the lining surface at the tunnel construction joint 600, and a second waterstop 620 arranged underground and parallel to the first waterstop 610 in the secondary lining 660 at the tunnel construction joint. The first waterstop 610 is provided with at least one vertical drainage hole 630, and the vertical drainage hole 630 is connected to the first drainage pipe to collect water from the tunnel construction joint 600 and drain it to the first drainage pipe 100.

[0066] It should be noted that the plurality of first drainage pipes 100 disposed behind the tunnel lining 410 are distributed on both sides of the left and right sides of the opening of each tunnel 400, thereby ensuring that groundwater can be collected on both sides of the tunnel 400.

[0067] Specifically, the first drain pipe 100 and the second drain pipe row 200 are used to collect groundwater in the tunnel in the water-rich stratum. The longitudinal and transverse drain pipes of ordinary sizes can no longer meet the needs of collecting groundwater in the tunnel in the water-rich stratum. Therefore, the diameters of the first drain pipe 100 and the second drain pipe row 200 used in the present invention are not less than 100 mm. It can be understood that the diameters of the first drain pipe 100 and the second drain pipe row 200 can be selected according to actual needs. Preferably, the diameters of the first drain pipe 100 and the second drain pipe row 200 in this embodiment are both 160 mm. In addition, the first preset distance is the distance between the parallel intervals of two adjacent second drain pipes, which can also be set according to actual conditions. Preferably, the first interval preset distance in this embodiment is 8 m, and is densely set in the broken zone to meet the needs of collecting groundwater in the water-rich stratum.

[0068] Please refer again to the attached Figure 3-5 The construction joint 600 is a weak link during the operation of the tunnel system. Conventional waterstop strips are mainly used for blocking, which easily causes stress concentration at the construction joint 600 of the system. The first waterstop 610 used in the present invention is a new type of back-stick waterstop with drainage, and the second waterstop 620 is a buried rubber waterstop. The new type of back-stick waterstop with drainage is attached to the construction joint 600, which can effectively prevent water from penetrating the construction joint 600. The use of the new type of back-stick waterstop with drainage can solve the problems of high water pressure caused by traditional waterstop only blocking but not draining, and the inability of traditional back-stick waterstop to drain, too small ridges, too soft texture, and inconvenient construction.

[0069] It should be noted that the new type of drainable back-stick waterstop is also provided with at least one vertical drainage hole 630, and the vertical drainage hole 630 is connected to the first drain pipe 100 through a connecting component 640. It can be understood that the number of vertical drainage holes 630 can be set according to actual needs, so that the water collected by the new type of drainable back-stick waterstop can be drained through the first drain pipe 100 and the second drain pipe row 200 to the first drainage ditch 500, thereby solving the drainage problem at the construction joint 600.

[0070] The tunnel drainage device includes a first drainage ditch 500 arranged in the middle of the tunnel invert 420 and extending along the extension direction of the tunnel 400, a second drainage ditch 510 arranged in parallel on the side of the first drainage ditch 500, and a drainage hole 530 arranged outside the tunnel 400 and extending along the extension direction of the tunnel 400, wherein the first drainage ditch 500 is the so-called central drainage ditch, that is, arranged in the middle of the tunnel invert 420, and arranged on both sides of the tunnel to meet the drainage needs of the water-rich stratum. The second drainage ditch 510 is connected to the first drainage ditch 500 through the second drainage pipe row 200, and the drainage hole 530 is connected to the first drainage ditch 500 through the vehicle cross tunnel 440.

[0071] The second drainage pipe includes a first sub-drain pipe 210 and a second sub-drain pipe 220, and the first sub-drain pipe 210 is connected to the second sub-drain pipe 220 through the second drainage ditch 510. Specifically, the high end of the first sub-drain pipe 210 is connected to the first drainage pipe 100, the low end of the first sub-drain pipe 210 and the high end of the second sub-drain pipe 220 are connected to the second drainage ditch 510, and the low end of the second sub-drain pipe 220 is connected to the first drainage ditch 500;

[0072] Please refer again Figure 2 There is a drainage slope between the first drainage ditch 500 and the drainage hole 530, that is, the first drainage ditch 500 can discharge the collected water to the drainage hole 530 in a specific direction. Conventional side ditches and a single central drainage ditch cannot meet the needs of strata with large water inflow. Untimely discharge of groundwater will cause sudden water and mud inrush events in the tunnel 400. Such a setting can ensure that the main tunnel water is discharged to the drainage hole 530 in time, making full use of the drainage capacity of the drainage hole 530, thereby enhancing the drainage capacity and meeting the drainage needs of water-rich and long tunnels.

[0073] At the same time, the first drainage ditch 500 is divided into multiple sections by the vehicle cross tunnel 440, and the maximum drainage path of groundwater in the main tunnel of the tunnel 400 does not exceed 1000m, and the possibility of groundwater congestion in the main tunnel is reduced. Even if the central ditch is congested during the operation of the tunnel 400, the location of the congestion in the central ditch can be quickly found. In addition, the vehicle cross tunnel 440 adopts a standardized design, is small in scale, and is easy to implement.

[0074] It is understandable that the number of the first drainage ditch 500 and the second drainage ditch 510 can be set according to actual needs. Preferably, in this embodiment, each tunnel entrance is provided with two first drainage ditches 500 and two second drainage ditches 510, and the first drainage ditch 500 and the second drainage ditch 510 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center line of each tunnel. By using two first drainage ditches 500 and second drainage ditches 510, the drainage capacity can reach 772,000 m 3 / d, and by setting up 530 parallel drainage holes, the drainage capacity of the drainage system increased to 1.872 million m 3 / d, greatly improving the drainage capacity.

[0075] According to the Highway Tunnel Design Code: "The road surface of expressways, first-class highways and second-class highways should be free of wet stains". This puts forward higher requirements for road surface drainage than the civil engineering system. The road surface system should consider the principle of drainage redundancy for drainage design. Therefore, the road surface drainage device in the present invention includes a filling layer 430 arranged at the invert 420, and a second drainage slope is formed between the top surface of the filling layer 430 and the lateral direction of the tunnel 400; a third drainage ditch 520 is arranged on both sides of the road surface of the tunnel 400 and extends along the extension direction of the tunnel 400, and the third drainage ditch 520 is connected to the second drainage ditch 510, so as to fully consider the principle of drainage redundancy and meet the design specifications.

[0076] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of the second drainage ditches 510 is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel 400; it also includes a permeable blind pipe row 300 arranged below the pavement reinforcement layer, the permeable blind pipe row 300 includes a plurality of permeable blind pipes that are arranged at a preset inclination angle to the tunnel transverse direction and are spaced apart by a second preset distance, and the permeable blind pipes are connected to the second drainage ditch 510 to discharge the groundwater collected by the permeable blind pipe row 300 to the second drainage ditch 510.

[0077] Specifically, the permeable blind pipe row 300 has a strong water collection capacity. By arranging the permeable blind pipe row 300 in the steel bar layer, the groundwater in the steel bar layer can be fully collected, and the drainage redundancy principle is fully considered.

[0078] It is understandable that the above-mentioned preset inclination angle can be set according to actual needs, as long as the drainage slope of the permeable blind pipe row 300 and the tunnel is not less than 2% in the horizontal direction. Similarly, the second interval preset distance can also be set according to actual conditions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0079] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 6 , there are two first drainage ditches 500, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the tunnel; the second drainage pipe row 200 also includes a third sub-drainage pipe row 230 with low ends and high middle, the two low ends of the third sub-drainage pipe row 230 are respectively connected to the first drainage ditches 500 located on both sides of the center line of the tunnel, and the two low ends of the third sub-drainage pipe row 230 are respectively connected to the first drainage ditches 500 located on both sides of the center line of the tunnel, so that the drainage on both sides of the center line of the tunnel can be adjusted. For example, when the drainage volume on one side suddenly increases, the water in the first drainage ditch 500 on this side can be promptly diverted to the first drainage ditch 500 on the other side through the third sub-drainage pipe row 230, thereby achieving a balanced drainage effect.

[0080] Furthermore, the first drainage pipe 100 used in the present invention is a high-density polyethylene perforated corrugated pipe wrapped with a non-woven geotextile, and the second drainage pipe is a high-density polyethylene double-wall corrugated pipe.

[0081] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first waterstop 610 is a drainable back-sticked waterstop, there are two vertical drainage holes 630, the two vertical drainage holes 630 are connected to the first drainage pipe 100 through a connecting component 640, and the second waterstop 620 is an embedded rubber waterstop.

[0082] Further, the vertical drain hole 630 is connected to the first drain pipe 100 through a connecting assembly 640, and the connecting assembly 640 includes a first conduit 643, a first connecting vessel 641, a second conduit 644, and a second connecting vessel 642 connected in sequence from top to bottom; wherein, the vertical drain hole 630 is connected to the first conduit 643, the first conduit 643 is connected to the first connecting vessel 641, the first connecting vessel 641 is connected to the second conduit 644, the second conduit 644 is connected to the second connecting vessel 642, and the second connecting vessel 642 is connected to the first drain pipe 100, so that the groundwater collected by the first water stop 610 can be discharged to the first drain pipe 100. Preferably, the first connecting vessel is a Y-type three-way connecting vessel, and the second connecting vessel is a T-type three-way connecting vessel.

[0083] As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first drainage slope is ≥3% so that the water collected by the second drainage pipe is discharged to the first drainage ditch 500 and the second drainage ditch 510; the second drainage slope is ≥2%. The size of the drainage slope can be set according to actual conditions.

[0084] Further, the cross section of the first drainage ditch 500 is a rectangle, and the cross section size is 60cm*60cm. It is understood that the cross section shape of the drainage ditch can be selected according to actual needs. Preferably, in this embodiment, the cross section of the first drainage ditch 500 is a rectangle, and the cross section size is 60cm*60cm.

[0085] As a specific implementation of the present invention, the first preset distance is 8m, and the second preset distance is 3-8m. It should be noted that the first preset distance and the second preset distance can be set according to actual conditions.

[0086] Furthermore, the third drainage ditch 520 is an open curb ditch. Specifically, the third drainage ditch 520 is also provided on both sides of the road opening of the tunnel 400, and is an open curb ditch, through which the road surface water and clean sewage during operation can be discharged in time.

[0087] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent system or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drainage system for a long water-rich tunnel. It is characterized in that include: Tunnel water collection device, tunnel drainage device, construction joint drainage device, road surface drainage device; among them, The tunnel water collection device comprises a plurality of first drainage pipes arranged behind the tunnel lining and arranged longitudinally along the tunnel, a second drainage pipe row arranged below the tunnel pavement, the second drainage pipe row being connected to the first drainage pipe, the second drainage pipe row comprising a plurality of second drainage pipes arranged parallel to the tunnel transverse direction and spaced apart by a first preset distance, and a first drainage slope being formed between the second drainage pipe and the tunnel transverse direction; The construction joint drainage device comprises a first drainable water stop attached to the junction of the rock and soil surface and the lining surface at the tunnel construction joint, a second water stop arranged below the ground in parallel with the first water stop in the secondary lining at the tunnel construction joint, and at least one vertical drainage hole is arranged on the first water stop, and the vertical drainage hole is connected to the first drainage pipe to collect water from the tunnel construction joint and drain it to the first drainage pipe; The tunnel drainage device comprises a first drainage ditch arranged in the middle of the tunnel invert and extending in the tunnel extension direction, a second drainage ditch arranged parallel to the side of the first drainage ditch, and a drainage hole arranged outside the tunnel and extending in the tunnel extension direction; the drainage hole is connected to the first drainage ditch through a vehicle cross tunnel; The second drainage pipe includes a first sub-drainage pipe and a second sub-drainage pipe, the high end of the first sub-drainage pipe is connected to the first drainage pipe, the low end of the first sub-drainage pipe and the high end of the second sub-drainage pipe are connected to the second drainage ditch, and the low end of the second sub-drainage pipe is connected to the first drainage ditch; The road surface drainage device comprises a filling layer arranged at the invert, wherein a second drainage slope is formed between the top surface of the filling layer and the lateral direction of the tunnel; a third drainage ditch is arranged on both sides of the tunnel road surface and extends along the extension direction of the tunnel, and the third drainage ditch is connected to the second drainage ditch; The number of the second drainage ditches is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel; it also includes a permeable blind pipe row arranged below the road surface steel reinforcement layer, the permeable blind pipe row includes a plurality of permeable blind pipes arranged at a preset inclination angle with the tunnel transverse direction and spaced apart by a second preset distance, the permeable blind pipes are connected to the second drainage ditch to discharge the groundwater collected by the permeable blind pipe row to the second drainage ditch; The first drainage ditch is divided into multiple sections by the vehicle cross tunnel, and the maximum drainage path of groundwater in the main tunnel does not exceed 1000m; The number of the first drainage ditches is two, and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the tunnel; the second drainage pipe row also includes a third sub-drainage pipe row with low ends and high middle, and the two low ends of the third sub-drainage pipe row are respectively connected to the first drainage ditches located on both sides of the center line of the tunnel; When the drainage volume on one side suddenly increases, the water in the first drainage ditch on that side can be promptly diverted to the first drainage ditch on the other side through the third sub-drainage pipe row, thereby achieving a balanced drainage effect.

2. The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first waterstop is a drainable back-stick waterstop, there are two vertical drainage holes, the two vertical drainage holes are connected to the first drainage pipe through a connecting component, and the second waterstop is an embedded rubber waterstop.

3. The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The vertical drainage hole is connected to the first drainage pipe through a connecting component, and the connecting component includes two first conduits, a first communicating vessel, a second conduit and a second communicating vessel connected in sequence from top to bottom; wherein, the two vertical drainage holes are respectively connected to the first conduit, the first conduit is connected to the first communicating vessel, the first communicating vessel is connected to the second conduit, the second conduit is connected to the second communicating vessel, the second communicating vessel is connected to the first drainage pipe, the first communicating vessel is a Y-type three-way communicating vessel, and the second communicating vessel is a T-type three-way communicating vessel.

4. The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first drainage slope is ≥3%; the second drainage slope is ≥2%.

5. The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cross section of the first drainage ditch is rectangular, and the size of the cross section is 60 cm×60 cm.

6. The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The first preset distance is 8m, and the second preset distance is 3-8m.

7. The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The diameters of the first drainage pipe and the second drainage pipe are both φ160 mm, and the diameter of the permeable blind pipe is φ50 mm.

8. The drainage system for a water-rich extra-long tunnel according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The third drainage ditch is an open curb ditch.

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