A horizontal-axis wind turbine with an inclined tower and a wind power generation set

Abstract

The present invention discloses a horizontal axis wind turbine and a wind turbine generator set with an inclined tower, the horizontal axis wind turbine comprising: a tower, the upper end of which is provided with a support seat; a hub, the hub is rotatably connected to the support seat, and a plurality of impellers are spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the hub; a generator cabin, the generator cabin is arranged at the bottom of the tower; and a transmission assembly, the hub is transmission-connected to the generator cabin through the transmission assembly. The tower is arranged in an inclined state, the generator cabin is arranged at the bottom of the tower, the distance between the blade tip and the tower is increased, and the blade tip is prevented from colliding with the tower after deformation under the action of wind; the inclination of the tower moves the center of gravity forward, the bending moment generated by gravity is opposite to the bending moment generated by wind, part of the load can be offset, and the size of the tower can be reduced; the inclination angle of the wind wheel axis can be reduced, the swept area of ​​the impeller is increased, and the wind energy capture efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbines, and more specifically, relates to a horizontal-axis wind turbine and a wind power generation set with an inclined tower. Background Art

[0002] At present, the structure of horizontal-axis wind turbines generally adopts a vertical tower fixed, a nacelle rotatably connected to the tower through a yaw system, and a hub rotatably connected to the nacelle. This structural form has the following two main problems:

[0003] 1. The nacelle is very heavy, difficult to hoist, with large installation operation difficulty, and difficult for later maintenance;

[0004] 2. When working, the deflection of the blade tip along the wind direction is very large. To avoid the blade tip hitting the tower, the axis of the hub needs to be tilted upward, resulting in a reduction in wind energy capture efficiency.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is specifically proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a horizontal-axis wind turbine and a wind power generation set with an inclined tower to reduce the weight at the top of the tower and improve the wind energy capture efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the basic concept of the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides a horizontal-axis wind turbine with an inclined tower, including:

[0009] A tower, with a support seat provided at the upper end of the tower;

[0010] A hub, rotatably connected to the support seat, and a plurality of impellers are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the hub;

[0011] A nacelle, disposed at the bottom of the tower;

[0012] A transmission assembly, through which the hub is in transmission connection with the nacelle.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the tower is inclined towards the windward side.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the axis of the hub is parallel to the wind direction.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cross-section of the tower is non-circular, and the plane with the maximum flexural rigidity of the tower coincides with the plane of the maximum bending moment applied to the tower.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, it further includes a base, and the generator nacelle is rotatably connected to the base.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, a slewing platform is rotatably connected to the base, and the generator nacelle is arranged on the slewing platform.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the tower is fixedly connected to the slewing platform, and the generator nacelle is sleeved on the bottom of the tower and fixedly connected to the slewing platform.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the slewing platform and the base are connected by gear transmission.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, a mating gear ring is provided on the base and arranged around the rotation axis of the slewing platform. A driving motor is provided on the slewing platform, and a driving gear is provided on the driving motor. The driving gear is meshed and mated with the mating gear ring.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission assembly includes a transmission shaft rotatably arranged in the tower. The output shaft of the hub is drivingly connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft, and the input shaft of the generator nacelle is drivingly connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission assembly further includes a first transmission member and a second transmission member. The first transmission member is arranged in the support seat, and the second transmission member is arranged at the bottom of the tower;

[0023] The first transmission member includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear meshed and mated with the first bevel gear. The first bevel gear is arranged on the output shaft, and the second bevel gear is connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft;

[0024] The second transmission member includes a third bevel gear and a fourth bevel gear meshed and mated with the third bevel gear. The third bevel gear is arranged on the input shaft, and the fourth bevel gear is connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft.

[0025] On the other hand, the present invention provides a wind power generating set, including the horizontal axis wind turbine with the above-mentioned tower placed obliquely.

[0026] After adopting the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0027] The tower is inclined, which can increase the distance D between the blade tip and the tower, avoid the blade tip from colliding with the tower after deforming under the action of wind force, and the inclination angle of the wind wheel axis can be reduced or even be zero. In this way, the swept area of the impeller can be increased and the wind energy capture efficiency can be improved.

[0028] The inclination of the tower will cause the center of gravity to move forward. The bending moment generated by gravity is in the opposite direction to the bending moment generated by wind force, that is, gravity can offset part of the load under the action of wind force, and the size of the tower can be reduced.

[0029] The tower is set to be inclined, and the generator nacelle is arranged at the bottom of the tower, thereby reducing the weight at the upper end of the tower, improving the dynamic stiffness of the system, and then reducing the structural strength of the tower to reduce the weight of the tower, thereby reducing the transportation difficulty of the tower. At the same time, by installing the generator nacelle at the bottom of the tower, it is convenient for the installation, maintenance and overhaul of the generator nacelle.

[0030] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Description of the Drawings

[0031] The accompanying drawings, as part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an improper limitation to the present invention. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a sectional view of a horizontal axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram when the axis of the impeller is parallel to the wind direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram when there is an angle between the axis of the impeller and the wind direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a part of a horizontal axis wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1, tower; 11, support base; 2, hub; 21, impeller; 22, output shaft; 3, generator nacelle; 31, input shaft; 4, transmission assembly; 41, transmission shaft; 42, first transmission member; 43, second transmission member; 5, base; 51, mating gear ring; 6, slewing platform; 61, drive motor; 611, drive gear; F1, first direction; F2, second direction; M1, bending moment generated by wind force; M2, bending moment generated by its own gravity.

[0038] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but are intended to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “inside” and “outside” are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, on one hand, the present invention provides a horizontal axis wind turbine with an inclined tower, comprising: a tower 1, wherein a support seat 11 is provided at the upper end of the tower 1; a hub 2, wherein the hub 2 is rotatably connected to the support seat 11, and a plurality of impellers 21 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the hub 2; a generator cabin 3, wherein the generator cabin 3 is arranged at the bottom of the tower 1; and a transmission assembly 4, wherein the hub 2 is transmission-connected to the generator cabin 3 via the transmission assembly 4.

[0043] It can be understood that by setting the generator cabin 3 at the bottom of the tower 1, the weight of the upper end of the tower 1 is reduced, and then the structural strength of the tower 1 can be reduced to reduce the weight of the tower 1, thereby reducing the difficulty of transporting the tower 1. At the same time, by installing the generator cabin 3 at the bottom of the tower 1, the installation, maintenance and inspection of the generator cabin 3 are facilitated.

[0044] It should be noted that when multiple impellers 21 capture wind energy, they will drive the hub 2 to rotate, thereby converting the wind energy into mechanical energy. The hub 2 transmits the mechanical energy to the nacelle 3 through the transmission assembly 4, and the nacelle 3 then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy, so as to achieve the purpose of power generation in the nacelle 3.

[0045] As Figure 1 shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the tower 1 is inclined towards the windward side. It can be understood that the wind direction is the first direction F1, and the direction opposite to the first direction F1 is the second direction F2, and this second direction F2 is the windward side. By making the tower 1 inclined towards the second direction F2, the center of gravity of the tower 1 shifts towards the second direction F2, so that an angle a is formed between the axis of the tower 1 in the length direction and the vertical direction. At this time, the directions of the bending moment M1 generated by the wind force on the tower 1 and the bending moment M2 generated by its own gravity are opposite, so that part of the bending moment received by the tower 1 can be offset, reducing the load on the tower 1.

[0046] At the same time, since the tower 1 is inclined towards the second direction F2, the distance D between the blade tip of the impeller 21 and the tower 1 is increased, thereby avoiding the problem of collision between the blade tip of the impeller 21 and the tower 1. Further, since there is no need to worry about the collision between the blade tip and the tower 1, at this time, the axis of the hub does not need to be tilted upward (i.e., the hub on the impeller side is lifted). In some embodiments of the present invention, the axis of the hub 2 is parallel to the wind direction. Thus, the swept area of the impeller 21 capturing wind energy is increased, and the wind energy capture efficiency is further improved.

[0047] It should be noted that as Figure 3 shown, when the axis of the hub 2 is parallel to the wind direction, the swept area of the impeller 21 is R1. As Figure 4 shown, when there is an angle between the axis of the hub 2 and the wind direction, the swept area of the impeller 21 is R2. Furthermore, R1 is greater than R2. It can be seen that the larger the angle between the axis of the hub 2 and the wind direction, the smaller the swept area of the impeller 21.

[0048] Advantages of the inclined placement of the tower in the present invention: 1. Increase the distance D between the blade tip and the tower, avoiding the collision between the deformed blade tip and the tower under the action of wind force; 2. The inclination of the tower moves the center of gravity forward, and the bending moment generated by gravity is opposite to the bending moment generated by wind force, that is, gravity can offset part of the load under the action of wind force, and the size of the tower can be reduced; 3. The inclination angle of the wind turbine axis can be reduced, increasing the swept area of the impeller and improving the wind energy capture efficiency.

[0049] Meanwhile, in order to make full use of the tower stiffness and minimize the use of materials, the cross-section of the tower 1 is non-circular, and the plane with the maximum flexural stiffness of the tower 1 coincides with the plane of the maximum bending moment applied to the tower 1. When a circular cross-section is adopted, the flexural stiffness of the tower 1 in the vertical circumferential direction is relatively uniform. Since the first direction and the second direction are the main stress-bearing surfaces, a unified flexural strength design in the circumferential direction will cause material waste. If a non-circular cross-section is adopted and the surfaces in the first direction and the second direction are designed with higher flexural strength while the flexural strength of other surfaces is appropriately reduced, the use of materials can be reduced at this time, saving costs and reducing self-weight. For example, if the cross-section of the tower 1 is rectangular, the surfaces corresponding to the first direction and the second direction have higher flexural strength, and the flexural strength of the other two surfaces is lower. By comparing the magnitudes of the bending moments in the first direction and the second direction, the flexural strength of the surface corresponding to this direction is designed to be consistent, that is, the larger the bending moment, the larger the designed flexural strength, and the smaller the bending moment, the smaller the designed flexural strength, reducing the design strength and usage amount of materials on the premise of meeting the requirements.

[0050] As Figure 1 and Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a base 5 is further included, and the generator nacelle 3 is rotatably connected to the base 5. It can be understood that since the wind direction is random, after the wind direction changes, by rotating the generator nacelle 3 to drive the tower 1 to rotate, the impeller 21 can be aligned with the wind direction so that the impeller 21 can obtain the maximum wind energy.

[0051] In some embodiments, the yaw system can also be installed at the bottom of the tower 1, which is convenient for the installation, maintenance and repair of the yaw system. The function of the yaw system is to quickly and smoothly align with the wind direction when the direction of the wind speed vector changes, so that the impeller 21 can obtain the maximum wind energy.

[0052] In some embodiments, the yaw system includes a detection component and a control system. The detection component can be a sensor or a wind direction / wind speed meter. The detection component can be arranged on the generator nacelle 3. Since the wind direction is random, the detection component detects the flow direction of the air flow and transmits the detection result to the control system. After receiving the detection result, the control system controls the tower 1 to rotate so that the impeller 21 can obtain the maximum wind energy.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, a slewing platform 6 is rotatably connected to the base 5, and the generator nacelle 3 is arranged on the slewing platform 6. It can be understood that by arranging the generator nacelle 3 on the slewing platform 6 and driving the slewing platform 6 to rotate on the base 5, the slewing platform 6 rotates to drive the tower 1 and the generator nacelle 3 to rotate, making the rotation of the tower 1 and the generator nacelle 3 more reliable.

[0054] In another solution, the bottom of the tower 1 is fixedly connected to the slewing platform 6, and the nacelle 3 is sleeved on the bottom of the tower 1 and fixedly connected to the slewing platform 6. That is, it is equivalent to the tower 1 passing through the nacelle 3 and directly connecting to the slewing platform 6, and the nacelle 3 can also form a certain supporting effect on the side of the tower 1.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the slewing platform 6 and the base 5 are connected by gear transmission. Thus, the transmission cooperation between the slewing platform 6 and the base 5 is more reliable. In some embodiments, the transmission structure between the slewing platform 6 and the base 5 can also adopt worm and worm wheel transmission, belt transmission or other transmission forms, as long as the slewing platform 6 can achieve low-speed rotation with large torque, and the form of the transmission structure is not limited here.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, a mating gear ring 51 is provided on the base 5 around the rotation axis of the slewing platform 6, a driving motor 61 is provided on the slewing platform 6, and a driving gear 611 is provided on the driving motor 61, and the driving gear 611 meshes with the mating gear ring 51.

[0057] It can be understood that the driving gear 611 is installed on the motor shaft of the driving motor 61. By controlling the forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor 61, the rotation of the driving gear 611 is controlled. Since the driving gear 611 meshes with the mating gear ring 51, when the driving gear 611 rotates, the slewing platform 6 can be driven to rotate relative to the base 5, making the rotation of the tower 1 and the nacelle 3 more reliable.

[0058] In some embodiments, there can be multiple driving motors 61, and the multiple driving motors 61 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the slewing platform 6 to ensure the stability of the rotation of the slewing platform 6. In this embodiment, there are two driving motors 61.

[0059] As Figure 2 shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission assembly 4 includes a transmission shaft 41 rotatably arranged in the tower 1. The output shaft 22 of the hub 2 is drivingly connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft 41, and the input shaft 31 of the nacelle 3 is drivingly connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft 41. It can be understood that by arranging the transmission shaft 41 in the tower 1, the purpose of protecting the transmission shaft 41 can be achieved, and the stability of kinetic energy transmission can be ensured.

[0060] As Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the transmission assembly 4 further includes a first transmission member 42 and a second transmission member 43. The first transmission member 42 is disposed within the support base 11, and the second transmission member 43 is disposed at the bottom of the tower 1. The first transmission member 42 includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear. The first bevel gear is disposed on the output shaft 22, and the second bevel gear is connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft 41. The second transmission member 43 includes a third bevel gear and a fourth bevel gear meshing with the third bevel gear. The third bevel gear is disposed on the input shaft 31, and the fourth bevel gear is connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft 41. Thus, the transmission of kinetic energy is made simpler and more reliable.

[0061] On the other hand, the present invention provides a wind turbine generator set, including the horizontal axis wind turbine with the tower inclined as described above.

[0062] For the wind turbine generator set according to the embodiments of the present invention, by disposing the generator nacelle 3 at the bottom of the tower 1, the weight at the upper end of the tower 1 is reduced, and thus the structural strength of the tower 1 can be decreased to reduce the weight of the tower 1, thereby reducing the transportation difficulty of the tower 1. At the same time, by installing the generator nacelle 3 at the bottom of the tower 1, the installation, maintenance and repair of the generator nacelle 3 are facilitated.

[0063] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above with the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art of this patent, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can make some changes or modifications to the above-mentioned technical content as equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes. However, as long as it does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal-axis wind turbine with a tilted tower, characterized in that, include: A tower (1), wherein a support seat (11) is provided at an upper end of the tower (1), and the tower (1) is arranged to be inclined toward the windward side; A wheel hub (2), the wheel hub (2) being rotatably connected to the support seat (11), a plurality of impellers (21) being arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the wheel hub (2), and an axis of the wheel hub (2) being parallel to the wind direction; A generator cabin (3), the generator cabin (3) being arranged at the bottom of the tower (1), the cross section of the tower (1) being non-circular, and the plane of maximum bending stiffness of the tower (1) coincides with the plane of maximum bending moment applied to the tower (1); A transmission assembly (4), wherein the wheel hub (2) is connected to the generator compartment (3) through the transmission assembly (4).

2. The horizontal axis wind turbine with the tower placed obliquely according to claim 1, wherein, It also includes a base (5), and the generator cabin (3) is rotatably connected to the base (5).

3. A horizontal axis wind turbine with a tower placed obliquely, characterized in that, A revolving platform (6) is rotatably connected to the base (5), and the generator cabin (3) is arranged on the revolving platform (6).

4. A horizontal axis wind turbine with a tower placed obliquely, characterized in that, The slewing platform (6) and the base (5) are connected via a gear transmission; the base (5) is provided with a matching gear ring (51) arranged around the rotation axis of the slewing platform (6); the slewing platform (6) is provided with a driving motor (61); the driving motor (61) is provided with a driving gear (611); the driving gear (611) is meshed with the matching gear ring (51).

5. A horizontal axis wind turbine with a tilted tower according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission assembly (4) comprises a transmission shaft (41) rotatably arranged in the tower (1), the output shaft (22) of the hub (2) is transmission-connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft (41), and the input shaft (31) of the generator compartment (3) is transmission-connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft (41).

6. The horizontal axis wind turbine with the tower placed obliquely according to claim 5, wherein, The transmission assembly (4) further comprises a first transmission member (42) and a second transmission member (43), wherein the first transmission member (42) is arranged in the support seat (11), and the second transmission member (43) is arranged at the bottom of the tower (1); The first transmission member (42) comprises a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is arranged on the output shaft (22), and the second bevel gear is connected to the upper end of the transmission shaft (41); The second transmission member (43) comprises a third bevel gear and a fourth bevel gear meshing with the third bevel gear, the third bevel gear is arranged on the input shaft (31), and the fourth bevel gear is connected to the lower end of the transmission shaft (41).

7. A wind power generating set, characterized in that, A horizontal axis wind turbine with an inclined tower comprising any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images