Method and system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning

Abstract

The present invention relates to the application field of industrial boiler catalysts, namely, a method and system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning. The steps are: (1) dividing the entire cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst housing into a plurality of vertical or horizontal rows, each vertical or horizontal row being divided into a plurality of blocks, and cyclically heating the blocks in these vertical or horizontal rows one by one. (2) using a heating device to heat each block individually one by one. (3) heating the exhaust gas with the catalytic reaction to a temperature suitable for instantaneous desorption of carbonate. The system comprises at least one plurality of blocks divided along the vertical cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst housing, blocks in the vertical or horizontal rows, and a heating device for cyclically heating one by one. The catalyst is heated block by block in different time periods, using only one heater, with low power consumption and economic rationality. Hydrogen and steam can also be added in different blocks and time periods, which not only facilitates carbonate desorption but also greatly reduces costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the application field of industrial boiler catalysts, namely, a method and system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning. It is particularly suitable for boiler pollution control to prevent catalyst carbonate poisoning, and can also be used in the chemical industry, fertilizer industry, and petroleum refining industry to prevent catalyst carbonate poisoning. Background Art

[0002] In the existing technology, since the second half of the 20th century, due to the rapid development of catalytic science and technology, various catalysts have been continuously infiltrated into many fields such as chemical industry, fertilizer industry, petroleum refining industry and environmental protection industry. Among them, when solid non-precious metal catalysts are used to catalyze reactions containing CO, CO2, one or more hydrocarbons and mixed gases of these gases, they will inevitably encounter carbonate poisoning problems when they are in low temperature reactions (below 350°C).

[0003] At present, the problem of carbonate poisoning of catalysts in catalyst reaction towers at home and abroad is solved from two aspects. One is to use precious metal catalysts. Because the desorption ability of precious metal catalysts for carbonates is much higher than that of non-precious metals. For example, Lu Junling of the University of Science and Technology of China led a scientific research team to successfully develop Fe(OH)3-Pt low-temperature catalysts in the world, solving the carbonate poisoning problem caused by low-temperature catalysis of CO in hydrogen fuel cell electrodes. The paper was published in the journal Nature on January 31, 2019. Pt metal elements cost several thousand yuan per gram. The cost is acceptable when used in hydrogen fuel cell electrodes, or in high-end automobile catalysts. However, most industrial catalysts are large in scale and the cost is unacceptable. The second is to increase the catalytic reaction temperature. For example, the temperature of a car engine is lower when it is just started, and it quickly reaches more than 700 or 800 degrees Celsius. Even if precious metal elements are not used, high temperature can easily desorb carbonates and will not cause carbonate poisoning. However, by increasing the reaction temperature, the power consumption is very large for catalyzing a large amount of gas, and the cost is unacceptable. The temperature of a 600-700 ton waste incineration boiler, biomass boiler or coal-fired boiler is above 300 degrees Celsius, or even 600-700 degrees Celsius. Such a temperature is completely enough to desorb carbonates. However, catalysis of carbon-containing exhaust gas from boilers that has not been desulfurized and dusted can easily lead to sulfur poisoning, arsenic poisoning and poisoning of many alkaline earth elements. If the exhaust gas is desulfurized and dusted first, the exhaust gas temperature will be reduced to 80-130°C. Reheating a huge amount of exhaust gas to about 350°C (usually the starting temperature for carbonate desorption) consumes a lot of electricity. Taking a 600-ton boiler as an example, the exhaust gas volume is nearly one million cubic meters per hour, and the electricity cost of heating from 120°C to 350°C is unacceptable. Numerous experts and scholars have published papers on the removal of toxic and harmful carbon-containing gases such as CO, dioxins, benzene, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and VOCs in boiler exhaust gas using catalysts in a short period of time. However, in the face of carbonate poisoning, the cost of using precious metal catalysts or increasing the reaction temperature is unacceptable. Although there are tens of thousands of papers, there is no real implementation in engineering. The fundamental problem is that no effective method has been found to prevent carbonate poisoning of catalysts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for vertically heating the catalyst in different blocks and time periods in order to prevent carbonate poisoning of the catalyst in an economical and effective manner in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is: a method for vertically heating the catalyst in blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning, characterized by the following steps:

[0006] (1) The entire cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst housing is divided into a number of vertical or horizontal rows, each of which is divided into a number of blocks or dozens or hundreds of blocks, and the blocks in these vertical or horizontal rows are heated one by one in a cycle.

[0007] (2) A heating device is used to heat each block individually. When the catalyst cross-section is particularly large, it can be divided into several large areas, each with a heating device to cyclically heat the blocks in the respective area.

[0008] (3) The exhaust gas that undergoes the catalytic reaction is heated to a temperature suitable for instantaneous desorption of carbonates.

[0009] In the above scheme,

[0010] The heating desorption temperature is about 350°C (300-350°C) when no hydrogen or steam is sprayed in the block, and 200-300°C when hydrogen or steam is sprayed in the block.

[0011] The heating device is an electric heating device or an electromagnetic heating device.

[0012] The heating barrel is divided into a plurality of blocks by metal plates which are surrounded in a grid shape vertically and horizontally.

[0013] A method system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning is characterized in that it includes at least one heating device for cyclically heating the blocks along the vertical cross-section of the catalyst housing, and the blocks within the vertical or horizontal rows.

[0014] In the above system solution,

[0015] The heating device is arranged on a track above one side of the catalyst, and is connected to a heating barrel which moves horizontally up and down and has two ends which are not closed in the horizontal direction.

[0016] The heating device includes a gear or power cam driven by a motor and a wheel frame trolley; the track is a toothed track; the wheel frame trolley is mounted on slide rails on both sides of the track; a roller shaft is arranged parallel to the track, and there is a roller on the roller shaft that slides and rotates along the roller shaft, and the roller is limited on the wheel frame trolley; a heating barrel with a barrel mouth horizontally corresponding to the catalyst block is suspended by a rope on the roller.

[0017] The power cam is an elliptical gear.

[0018] The heating barrel is provided with a hydrogen tank and a steam tank through which a gas pipe is connected to the heating barrel. Alternatively, potassium nephrite is added to the steam tank to release liquid potassium. This not only specifically prevents carbonate poisoning, but also has the function of repairing the online old catalyst by adding potassium to extend the life of the original catalyst.

[0019] A heating barrel guardrail is provided at a certain distance in front of the heating barrel.

[0020] The heating device includes a gear or power cam driven by a motor and a wheel frame trolley; the track is a toothed track; the wheel frame trolley is mounted on the slide rails on both sides of the track; the heating barrel is provided with a hydrogen tank and a steam tank with air pipes passing into the heating barrel; the double elevator pallet carries the toothed track, the slide rail and the wheel frame trolley falling on the toothed track and the slide rail, which can rise and fall, solving the problem of vertical operation of the circulating heating. The wheel frame trolley can run horizontally on the toothed track and the slide rail.

[0021] The poisoned catalyst is regenerated online by spraying a catalyst detoxifying solvent into the hydrogen tank.

[0022] A skirt plate, a skirt plate bracket and a skirt plate solenoid valve are installed at one end of the heating barrel corresponding to the heated barrel. The skirt plate is extended forward to prevent hot air from leaking out, and is retracted to facilitate the barrier-free operation of the trolley.

[0023] The deactivation of catalyst carbonate poisoning is gradual or accumulates to a certain extent before poisoning occurs. There is no need to heat the entire cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst box (the cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst box of a large boiler is as high as several hundred square meters) continuously. It can be heated in blocks and time periods. For example, a heater of 1000×1000mm, 500×500mm or 300×300mm (size can be designed at will) can be used to divide the cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst box into dozens or hundreds of blocks with the same length and width as the heater, and heat each block in a cycle on the track according to a certain rule. From the starting point of the operation, it takes 5 seconds to go down to the first block, stop for 10-15 seconds to heat the exhaust gas involved in the catalytic reaction of the block to 350℃, the carbonate is instantly desorbed, and then it takes 5 seconds to run to the next block for heating. In this way, go down in a vertical row, stop for heating, and then go down again for heating. When the last block of a vertical row is heated, the heater rises to the top and starts to heat the blocks of another vertical row. Heating is done in blocks and time periods. There is only one heater, and the electricity cost is almost one tenth or one hundredth of the traditional heating cost. More than 200 blocks can be heated in 60 minutes. The carbonate on the catalyst is removed before it accumulates to a certain extent, so it will not be poisoned. The heater can use electromagnetic heating, which has the advantages of faster heating speed and lower energy consumption, but magnetic shielding technology must be used, or a magnetized catalyst must be used. Cr20Ni80 resistance heater can also be used, which is high temperature resistant and has a long service life.

[0024] This design can also use hydrogenation and steam to promote carbonate desorption. Hydrogenation and steam will turn carbonate into bicarbonate, which is easy to desorb. Under the conditions of hydrogenation and steaming, the temperature of carbonate desorption may drop even lower. If the entire cross-section of the catalyst is hydrogenated and steamed for the whole time, the cost is also very high. On the heater that is operated in blocks and time periods, a polyvinyl fluoride hose or a heat-resistant black rubber hose is carried to spray hydrogen and steam while heating the flue gas. The cost of hydrogenation and steaming will be a few tenths, or even a few hundredths, of the cost of hydrogenation and steaming for the entire cross-section of the catalyst.

[0025] The advantages of the present invention are: 1. According to the traditional heating method, a huge amount of flue gas discharged from the boiler is heated, that is, a catalyst with a large or large cross-sectional area is heated continuously for a whole period of time, and the power consumption cost is unacceptable. In view of the fact that carbonate poisoning of the catalyst is gradual and poisoning will occur only when carbonate accumulates to a certain extent, the present application adopts vertical heating in blocks, adopts one or several heaters, has low power consumption, is economical and reasonable, and its cost is several tenths or even several hundredths of heating the entire cross-section of the catalyst.

[0026] 2. The cost of continuously hydrogenating and steaming the huge amount of exhaust gas discharged from the boiler and the entire cross-sectional area of ​​a relatively large or very large catalyst in the traditional way is unaffordable. When hydrogenating and steaming are carried out in blocks and time periods, carbonates can be desorbed as bicarbonates at temperatures above 200°C, and when no hydrogenation and steaming are carried out, carbonates will not be desorbed at 80-120°C, so the catalyst can act as a carbonate trap and be removed together with the heating, hydrogenation and steaming.

[0027] 3. Heat the catalyst in blocks and time periods, using only one or several heaters, which has low power consumption and is economical and reasonable.

[0028] 4. Hydrogen and steam can also be added in blocks and time periods, which not only facilitates carbonate desorption but also greatly reduces costs.

[0029] 5. Replacing the gas or solution carried in the hydrogen tank can realize online regeneration of catalysts poisoned by arsenic, calcium and magnesium, potassium and sodium, etc. The online regeneration boiler does not stop production and does not affect economic benefits. It saves a lot of manpower and material resources for disassembling and installing catalysts.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the catalyst reaction tower of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is a simplified structural diagram of the wheel frame trolley and the power cam arranged on the track in the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 Left view diagram.

[0034] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 2 Top view diagram.

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the roller shaft transmission structure in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the heating barrel structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the running trajectory of the heating barrel in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the drum structure in the present invention.

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heated barrel.

[0040] Fig.10 It is a simplified diagram of the lifting bracket structure.

[0041] Fig.11 It is a circulation path diagram of the catalyst box block and heating system.

[0042] Fig.12 This is the front view of the wheel frame trolley.

[0043] Fig.13 It is a side view of the wheel frame trolley.

[0044] Fig.14 This is a top view of the elevator pallet, wheel frame trolley, track, and slide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Example 1 - Heat the blocks in a vertical row one by one in a cycle.

[0046] See also Figure 1-10, the names of the parts are as follows: catalyst box 1, track 2, heating barrel 3, motor 4, power cam 5, wheel frame trolley 6, slide rail 7, roller shaft 8, roller 9, rope 10, hydrogen tank 11, steam tank 12, heating barrel 13, lifting bracket 14, waiting spring position 15, roller 16, catalyst 17, lifting bracket cross bar 18, lifting ring 19, spring 20, solenoid valve 21, solenoid valve controlling steam pipe 22, solenoid valve controlling hydrogen pipe 23, square hole 24, bracket bevel 25. Rope tube 26, track baffle 27, bearing sleeve 28, normal temperature motor 29, power gear 30, transmission shaft gear 31, heating barrel return channel 32, drum center point 33, heating barrel center point 34, retaining spring landing point 35, heating barrel bevel 36, heating barrel air inlet 37, catalyst air outlet 38, inclined guide plates on both sides of the horizontal bar 39, power cam horizontal teeth 40, inclined guide plate 41 at the rear end of the horizontal bar, and upper maintenance room 48.

[0047] See also Figure 1 -10, a method for vertically heating the catalyst in blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning, the steps are as follows:

[0048] (1) The catalyst housing 1 is divided into sixteen blocks (see Figure 1 , the flue gas passes horizontally), but not limited thereto. The catalyst is divided into sixteen blocks, which are heated barrels 13 formed into a grid shape by metal plates in the vertical and horizontal directions.

[0049] (2) A heating device moving along the track 2 is used to heat each block individually. The heating device is an electric heating device or an electromagnetic heating device. The heating barrel 3 driven by the power cam 5 of the heating device heats each heating barrel 13 and transmits the heat to the catalyst 17 of the corresponding block of the heating barrel 13, thereby achieving local heating of the catalyst 17.

[0050] (3) The exhaust gas from the catalytic reaction is heated to a temperature suitable for instantaneous desorption of carbonates. The heating temperature is usually 350°C, and the system hydrogenation and steam temperature is 200-300°C, which is conducive to the desorption of carbonates.

[0051] See also Figure 1 -10. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning, comprising at least one heating device for cyclically heating the blocks along a vertical cross section of a catalyst housing and the blocks within a vertical or horizontal row.

[0052] See also Figure 1 , the catalyst 17 is heated vertically in blocks, which means that the catalyst housing 1 is arranged horizontally (see Figure 1). The induced draft fan at the end of the boiler flue causes negative pressure to form in the flue, in the catalyst housing 1, and in the heating barrel 3. In this embodiment, the exhaust gas enters the catalyst housing 1 from the right flue, enters the heating barrel 3 with both ends not closed for heating, and the heated exhaust gas enters the heating barrel 13 from the barrel opening at the other end of the heating barrel 3, then enters the catalyst, and is discharged from the flue on the left side of the catalyst housing to complete the heating.

[0053] See also Figure 2 , 3 , 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, catalyst 17 is heated vertically in blocks. On the one hand, it must have the function of horizontal left-right operation, and can run to the top of each vertical row; on the other hand, it must have the function of vertical up-down operation, and can heat each vertical row from top to bottom one by one, and then can return vertically from the bottom of this vertical row to the top of the vertical row. To heat the next vertical row, the heating system must be operated horizontally to the top of the next vertical row. Heat the blocks of the next vertical row one by one.

[0054] join Figure 7 , two triangular slide rails 7 are placed in parallel above the front cross section of the catalyst, and a toothed track 2 is arranged in parallel between the two slide rails 7 but slightly higher than the slide rails 7. There are four rollers 16 under the wheel frame trolley 6, which fall on the two slide rails 7. There is a power cam 5 in the wheel frame trolley 6, and the back of the cam is connected to the motor 4 through an axis. The power cam 5 falls on the gear track 2, and there are track baffles 27 on both sides of the gear track 2 to prevent the cam from falling off the track. The power cam 5 has 60 teeth in one circle and rotates 300mm half a circle. There is a horizontal tooth 40 every half a circle. After half a circle, the horizontal teeth fall on the toothed track 2, and the wheel frame trolley 6 sinks 9.37mm, so that the four rollers 16 fall on the two slide rails 7 in a load-bearing manner, which increases stability. When the motor 4 is officially turned on and runs half a circle to the left or right, the wheel frame trolley 6 follows and runs 300mm to the left or right, and the roller 9 is sleeved on the roller shaft 8 (rectangular steel), and also slides 300mm to the left or right. The above device solves the problem of left and right operation of the circulating heating system.

[0055] The circulation heating needs a vertical operation device: including a normal temperature motor 29, driving a power gear 30, reversely driving a roller shaft 8, a rotatable roller 9 is installed in the wheel frame trolley 6, and a rectangular hole 24 is penetrated at the center of the cross section at both ends of the roller 9 (see Figure 8), the roller shaft 8 passes through the rectangular hole 24, and the other end is connected to the bearing sleeve 28 on the wall of the catalyst box 1. The normal temperature motor 29 drives the roller shaft 8 to rotate, and the roller 9 rolls accordingly. Two ropes 10 are fixed at both ends of the roller 9, and the lower rope ends of the ropes 10 are connected to the heating barrel 3. Every time the normal temperature motor 29 rotates 6 times, it drives the roller 9 in the wheel frame trolley 6 to rotate 2 times, and the rope 10 is lengthened or shortened by 300mm. Every time the rope 10 is lengthened by 300mm, the heating barrel 3 can heat the next heated barrel 13. There is a rope tube 26 in the wheel frame trolley 6, and the gap with the rotating tube 9 is small, which will prevent the ropes from stacking together (rope pressing rope) during rotation. When the bottom heated barrel 13 of a vertical row is heated, the distance is calculated according to the number of heating barrels 3, the number of revolutions of the normal temperature motor 29 is set, the rope 10 is shortened, the heating barrel 3 is received at the top of the vertical row, and then the horizontal running device is started to move to the top of the next vertical row, and then the vertical running device is started to move downward to heat each block in the vertical row. After all vertical rows are heated, they return to the starting point through the heating barrel return channel 32.

[0056] See also Figure 6 , 7 , 9, 10, the heating device is mainly a heating barrel 3. In the vertical heating method and system for the catalyst 17 in blocks and time periods, the catalyst 17 is stacked vertically, that is, the cross-section of the catalyst 17 is vertical, and the heating barrel 3 is 350mm long, and the air inlet and outlet are 200×200mm. The boiler exhaust gas enters the heating barrel 3 from one end of the barrel mouth. There is an electric heater in the barrel, which is a Cr20Ni80 resistance wire (not limited to this). The heated flue gas enters the heating barrel 13 from the outlet of the heating barrel 3, enters the catalyst 17, and is then discharged from the left flue. The heating barrel 3 and the heating barrel 13 should be as close as possible to reduce the gap to prevent hot air from overflowing and reduce the heating effect. The cross-section of the heating barrel 13 near the catalyst is 300×300mm, and there is a 50mm heating barrel bevel 36 at the barrel mouth on the side of the heating barrel 3, with an angle of 20 degrees (see Fig. 9 ), the air inlet is 200×200mm, which matches the heating barrel 3.

[0057] It is very important to accurately dock the heating barrel 3 with the heated barrel 13. Since the rope 10 is lengthened or shortened by 300mm by rotating the drum twice, it is very likely that the rope will be irregularly entangled (rope pressing rope), and the rope 10 will inevitably shake when hanging the heating barrel 3, making it difficult to accurately position it. The present invention installs four springs 20 controlled by four solenoid valves 21 on the heating barrel 3, and installs a lifting bracket 14 on both sides of each vertical row of heated barrels 13, and sets a horizontal bar 18 every 30mm. Each horizontal bar has two spring landing points 35, and each spring landing point has an inwardly inclined stainless steel guide plate 39. When the heating barrel 3 deviates from the center position to the left or right, the spring 20 will be slid to the center position by the left and right guide plates under the action of gravity. When the downstream heating barrel 3 is far away from the heated barrel 13, the inclined guide plate 41 at the rear of the horizontal bar will cause the heating barrel 3 to slide to a position close to the heated barrel 13 under the action of gravity, so that the heating barrel 3 and the heated barrel 13 can be accurately docked.

[0058] See also Figure 1 The catalyst housing 1 is arranged horizontally (see Figure 1 The boiler exhaust gas enters the catalyst housing 1 from the flue on the right side and is discharged from the flue on the left side after being heated. In the catalyst housing 1, the catalyst is stacked in four layers horizontally and four rows vertically. Each block is 300×300mm. The stainless steel plates are used to divide the blocks horizontally and vertically to form a horizontal and vertical grid-shaped heating barrel 13 (see Figure 7 After each heated barrel is heated, it only transfers heat to the catalyst 17 belonging to its own block (see Figure 1 ). This refers to the partition block. The so-called vertical heating is to place two lifting brackets 14 vertically on both sides of each vertical row of blocks; the normal temperature motor 29 drives the power gear 30, which drives the transmission shaft gear in the opposite direction, drives the roller 9 to rotate, and by lengthening and shortening the rope 10, the heating barrel fixed on the rope 10 moves up and down, and vertical heating is performed.

[0059] See also Figure 2 , 4 The heating device is arranged to include two triangular slide rails 7 placed in parallel above the cross section of the catalyst 17, and a toothed track 2 is arranged in parallel and slightly higher than the slide rails 7 between the two slide rails 7. There are four rollers 16 below the wheel frame trolley 6, and the four rollers 16 fall on the two slide rails 7. The wheel frame trolley 6 has a power cam 5, and the back of the cam 5 is connected to the motor 4 through an axis. The power cam 5 falls on the toothed track 2, and there are track baffles on both sides of the toothed track 2 to prevent the cam 5 from falling off the toothed track 2. The power cam 5 has a total of 60 teeth in one circle, and runs 300mm in half a circle. There is a horizontal tooth 40 in each half circle, and the horizontal tooth 40 falls just above the next vertical row. Turn on the motor 4, turn it clockwise or counterclockwise for half a circle, and the wheel frame trolley 6 will run 300mm to the left or right. The roller 9 in the car is sleeved on the roller shaft 8 and also slides 300mm to the left or right. The roller 9 is suspended from the heating barrel 3, which solves the problem of left and right operation of the circulating heating system.

[0060] Vertical running device: including a normal temperature motor 29, driving a power gear 30, reversely driving a roller shaft 8, a rotatable roller 9 is installed in the wheel frame trolley 6, and a rectangular hole 24 is provided at the center of the cross section at both ends of the roller 9 (see Figure 8 ), the roller shaft 8 passes through the rectangular hole 24, and the other end is connected to the wall of the catalyst box 1 with a bearing sleeve 28. The normal temperature motor 29 drives the roller shaft 8 to rotate, and the roller 9 rolls with it. Two ropes 10 are fixed at both ends of the roller 9, and the rope ends below the ropes 10 are connected to the heating barrel 3. Every 6 rotations of the normal temperature motor drive the roller 9 in the wheel frame trolley 6 to rotate 2 times, and the rope 10 is lengthened or shortened by 300mm. Every 300mm lengthening of the rope 10 can make the heating barrel 3 aim at the next heating barrel 13 for heating. When the heating barrel 13 at the bottom of a vertical row is heated, the distance is calculated according to the number of heating barrels 3 going down, the normal temperature motor 29 is started, the rope 10 is shortened, and the heating barrel 3 is received at the top, and then the horizontal running device is started, and it goes to the top of the next vertical row, and then the vertical running device is started to heat each block in the vertical row. Until all vertical rows are heated, they return to the location through the heating barrel return channel 32.

[0061] The heating device is a heating barrel 3, which is arranged horizontally at the vertical cross-section of the catalyst 17. The two ends of the horizontally arranged heating barrel are not closed, and one end is a flue gas inlet. There is a heater in the barrel and the flue gas heated by the heater enters the heating barrel 13. The size of the heating barrel 13 and the block of the catalyst 17 must be completely consistent. The heating barrel 13 contacts one end of the heating barrel 3, folds a 50mm bevel, the slope is 20 degrees, the inside is high and the outside is low, so that the hot flue gas is trapped and does not leak out. After the folding, the size of the barrel mouth is completely consistent with the heating barrel 3, which is convenient for flue gas docking.

[0062] See also Figure 6 A hydrogen tank 11 and a steam tank 12 are placed on the heating barrel 3. The steam pipe 22 and the hydrogen pipe 23 are controlled by the solenoid valve. Hydrogen and steam are sprayed from the center of the heating barrel 3 to the heated barrel 13 to convert carbonate into bicarbonate, which can also be desorbed at a lower reaction temperature. Calculated potassium nephrite can also be added to the steam tank 12 to slowly release low-concentration fluid potash under the action of steam to neutralize the acidity of carbonates and accelerate carbonate desorption. Potassium can also be supplemented for catalysts that have lost potassium seriously to extend the life of potassium-containing catalysts.

[0063] In the face of arsenic poisoning of the catalyst, the hydrogen carried by the heater is used. When the heater is heated, the arsenic will become trihydrogen arsine and dissolve in water. The steam spray can be used to flush and remove it, and the online regeneration of arsenic poisoning can be achieved. In the face of calcium and magnesium poisoning, the hydrogen tank is replaced with a hydroxyethylidene diphosphonic acid solution tank with a pH value of 2. The phosphonate has a chelating effect with calcium and magnesium. The steam spray can flush and remove the chelate, and the online regeneration of calcium and magnesium poisoning can be achieved. In the face of potassium and sodium poisoning, the hydrogen tank is replaced with a 0.5mol / L H2SO4 solution tank, the alkaline components are neutralized, and the steam spray is used to flush and remove it, and the online regeneration of potassium and sodium poisoning can be achieved. Advantages of online regeneration: 1. The boiler does not stop production and does not affect economic benefits; 2. Save a lot of manpower and material resources for disassembling and installing catalysts. Catalyst poisoning, online regeneration is not limited to the above types.

[0064] See also Figure 6 The potassium pyroxene in the steam tank 12 has been running for several months, half a year or one year, and the potassium content is insufficient. A new steam tank 12 containing potassium pyroxene needs to be replaced. The wheel frame trolley 6 rises to the heating barrel return channel 32, the power cam 5 turns right, enters the upper maintenance room 48, opens the quick card to remove the old tank, and connects the new tank with the quick card. After maintenance, the circulation heating continues.

[0065] The heating barrel 3 and the heated barrel 13 must match. There is a solenoid valve 21 on the heating barrel 3 to control the retaining spring 20. When the heating barrel 3 moves downward, the retaining spring 20 will be stuck on the retaining spring landing point 35 of the horizontal bar 18 of the lifting bracket 14. The drum 9 may rotate with the rope pressing the rope, but the distance between the horizontal bars 18 and 18 is absolutely 300mm, which can solve the small error of the rope 10. The heating barrel 3 is suspended by the rope 10, and it is inevitable to lean to the left or right or to the front or back. The lifting bracket 14 is provided with inclined guide plates 39 on both sides. Under the action of the vertical force, the retaining spring 20 falls along the slope and will be aligned with the center line to prevent deviation. An inclined guide plate 41 is provided at the rear end of the horizontal bar. The retaining spring 20 falls along the slope, causing the heating barrel 3 to move forward and will be close to the heated barrel 13 to prevent deviation from the front and back.

[0066] The heating barrel 3 is not limited to one heating operation system and one heating barrel in the present embodiment. In view of the extra-large catalyst cross-sectional area, it is divided into several large heating areas, and several heating operation systems and several heating barrels are set symmetrically to perform zoned independent vertical circulation heating in the large heating area.

[0067] The power cam 5 is preferably an elliptical gear. The cam 5 has eight horizontal teeth 40 above and below it, and the horizontal teeth 40 fall on the toothed track 2, which increases stability. Because pressurized hydrogen and steam are added, the hydrogen tank 11 and steam tank 12 on the heating barrel spray hydrogen and steam under high pressure, and the system has a slight shake. The horizontal teeth have a large contact area and good stability, so the horizontal teeth 40 can avoid shaking. Of course, conventional gears can also be used, but the stability is worse.

[0068] The rectangular hole 24 in the center of the drum 9 is not limited to a through rectangular hole, and includes triangular, square, trapezoidal, plum blossom-shaped holes, etc. As long as it can match the drum shaft 8, can satisfy the drum 9 to slide left and right on the drum shaft 8, and can realize axial rotation with the drum shaft 8, it is feasible.

[0069] The rotation of the normal temperature motor 29 drives the transmission system until the drum rotates, and the heating barrel 3 is driven up or down by lengthening or shortening the rope 10. It also includes driving the heating barrel 3 up and down, as well as left and right through motor devices, cylinder devices, hydraulic devices, etc. through metal rods, carbon fiber rods, etc.

[0070] Since the block length is 300mm, the power gear 5 also needs to run 300mm. Since the block height is 300mm, the drum 9 lengthens or shortens the rope 10 by 300mm. Although not limited to the length and height of the block, the left and right running distance of the power gear must be consistent with the block length; the length of the drum 9 for releasing and retracting the rope, as well as the distance between the horizontal bars 18 and the horizontal bars 18, must be consistent with the height of the block.

[0071] The vertical heating system is not absolutely vertical. Instead, it covers the catalyst cross-sectional area inclination angle between 45 degrees and 135 degrees. The catalyst cross-sectional area inclination angle between 0-45° and 135-180° is considered as a block horizontal heating system, which is not applicable to the present invention and should be applied for separately.

[0072] This application is applicable to all fields such as chemical industry, fertilizer industry, petroleum refining industry, etc., which use catalysts to vertically heat carbon-containing gases such as CO, C2, one or more hydrocarbons to remove catalyst carbonate poisoning. It is particularly applicable to the field of removing catalyst carbonate poisoning in garbage incineration boilers, biomass boilers, coal-fired boilers, and diesel-fired boilers.

[0073] There are generally two layouts for catalyst reaction boxes of large boilers. One is that flue gas is fed into the catalyst reaction box through a horizontal flue, and the catalyzed flue gas is discharged through the horizontal flue. The cross section of the catalyst is vertically arranged. If it is heated, a vertical heating system suitable for this layout is required. Catalyst cross sections of 45°-135° should be classified as vertical heating methods and systems. Another layout, in order to prevent smoke from being retained in the pores of the catalyst, flue gas is passed through a vertical flue, enters the catalyst box from the top, and the catalyzed flue gas is discharged from the bottom of the box. The cross section of the catalyst is horizontal, and a horizontal heating system suitable for this layout is required. Catalyst cross sections of 0°-44° and 136°-180° should be classified as horizontal heating methods and systems. The present invention is a vertical heating method and system for block and time period heating.

[0074] Working principle:

[0075] Preparation before operation: the wheel frame trolley 6 is at the leftmost starting point of the slide rail 7, the horizontal tooth 40 of the power cam 5 falls on the toothed track 2, the normal temperature motor 29 rotates clockwise, tightens the rope 10, so that the retaining spring 20 on the heating barrel 3 is on the horizontal line of the retaining spring position 15 to be carried out, and the center point 33 of the roller 9 is vertically aligned with the center point of the heating barrel 3.

[0076] Start operation: Start the normal temperature motor 29, rotate counterclockwise for 9 weeks, drive the power gear 30 to rotate 9 weeks, drive the transmission shaft gear 31 to reverse clockwise for 3 weeks, the drum 9 rotates 3 weeks, the rope 10 hangs the heating barrel 3 down 150+300=450mm, the solenoid valve 21 is normally open, and the 4 springs 20 that pop up are stuck on the spring drop point 35 of the horizontal bar 18 of the lifting bracket 14. The heating barrel 3 is aimed at the heated barrel 13 and heated for 15 seconds. The solenoid valve controls the hydrogen pipe 23 and the solenoid valve controls the steam pipe 22, and hydrogen and steam are sprayed at the same time. When the heating for 15 seconds is over, the solenoid valve 21 retracts the spring 20. At the same time, the normal temperature motor 29 rotates counterclockwise for 6 weeks, drives the power gear to rotate 6 weeks, drives the transmission shaft gear 31 to reverse clockwise for 2 weeks, the drum 9 rotates 2 weeks, the rope 10 hangs the heating barrel 3 down 300mm, and the spring 20 is stuck on the spring drop point 35 on the second-level horizontal bar 18 of the lifting bracket 14. After heating and spraying hydrogen and steam, the heating barrel moves downward another 300mm. When the heating and spraying of hydrogen and steam of the fourth heating barrel 13 in the first vertical row is finished, the normal temperature motor 29 rotates clockwise for 27 cycles, driving the power gear 30 to rotate for 27 cycles, driving the transmission gear 31 to reverse counterclockwise for 9 cycles, and the drum 9 rotates for 9 cycles. The rope 10 hangs the heating barrel 3 upward for 300+300+300+450mm, vertically to the top, completing the downward and upward movement of the first vertical row. The high-temperature stepper motor 4 on the wheel frame trolley 6 turns right half a cycle, driving the power cam 5 to rotate 30 teeth (each tooth is 10mm), and moves right 300mm. The horizontal teeth 40 of the power bald wheel 5 fall on the toothed track 2, and the center point 33 of the air inlet of the heating barrel is aligned with the center point 34 of the second vertical row of heating barrels. The normal temperature motor 29 rotates counterclockwise for 9 cycles. When it rotates for 3 cycles, the solenoid valve 21 opens, the retaining ring 20 pops out, and it moves down 450mm. Then, according to the above procedure, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th heating barrels 13 are heated, hydrogen gas and steam are added. After the 4th heating barrel 13 in the 4th vertical row is heated, the heating barrel 3 moves up 300+300+300+450mm and vertically reaches the top. The high temperature stepper motor 5 rotates left for one and a half cycles, driving the power cam 5 to rotate 90 teeth, moving 900mm to the left, and returning to the original starting point, completing a complete cycle heating operation closed loop.

[0077] Example 2: Heat the blocks in a row one by one in a cycle.

[0078] See also Figure 11-14The names of the parts are as follows: catalyst box 1, track 2, slide rail 7, heating barrel 3, motor 4, power cam 5, wheel frame trolley 6, hydrogen tank 11, steam tank 12, heating barrel 13, roller 16, power cam horizontal gear 40, heating system stay space 42, up and down elevator passages 43, elevator support plate 44, skirt board 45, skirt board support rod 46, skirt board control solenoid valve 47, lower maintenance room 49, elevator motor 50, rope winding shaft 51, elevator rope 52.

[0079] See also Fig.11 , elevator passages 43 from top to bottom are arranged on both sides of the catalyst housing 1, and a heating system stay space 42 is arranged at the bottom of the catalyst housing 1. Two slide rails 7 and toothed rails 2 are mounted on a double elevator support plate 44 to drive the up and down movement. The support plate 44 is driven by a lifting device. There are two slide rails 7 and toothed rails 2 in the lower maintenance room 49, which can be docked with the toothed rails 2 and slide rails 7 on the double elevator support plate 44 without being connected, so as to facilitate the wheel frame trolley 6 to enter the lower maintenance room 49.

[0080] See also Fig.12 The roller 16 of the wheel frame trolley 6 falls on the two slide rails 7, and the horizontal teeth of the power cam 5 fall on the track 2 on the elevator support plate 44. The back of the heating barrel 3 corresponds to the heated barrel 13. The wheel frame trolley 6 can run left and right on the toothed track 2 and the slide rail 7 to solve the lateral operation of the circulating heating.

[0081] See also Fig.13 The wheel frame trolley 6 carries a heating barrel 3, on which there are a steam tank 12 and a hydrogen tank 11. In order to ensure that the heating barrel 3 and the heated barrel 13 are seamlessly matched, a four-frame skirt 45 with a length and width slightly larger than the heating barrel 3 is installed at the front end of the heating barrel 3. The skirt solenoid valve 47 controls the skirt support rod 46 to extend or retract the skirt 45. The skirt is extended to prevent the hot air from leaking out, and retracted to facilitate the unimpeded operation of the trolley. When the wheel frame trolley 6 is running, the skirt 45 is retracted. When the trolley stops running and starts heating, the skirt 45 is extended to seamlessly match the heated barrel 13 to prevent the hot air from leaking out.

[0082] Specific operation description: Before operation, the wheel frame trolley 6 is directly below the A heating barrel 13, which is the starting point. The elevator motor 50 rotates forward, driving the rope winding shaft 51 to rotate, and the elevator rope 52 is shortened by 300mm, so that the two side support plates 44 rise 300mm, stop, and the skirt plate 45 extends forward, heats for 15 seconds, and the skirt plate 45 is retracted. The power cam 5 moves 300mm to the right, extends forward, heats, retracts, and moves forward. After heating the D heating barrel 13, the two side support plates 44 rise 300mm, and the support plates 44 stop running. The power cam 5 moves 300mm to the left, extends forward, heats, retracts, and moves forward. After heating the H heating barrel 13, the two side support plates 44 rise another 300mm. After heating the P heating barrel 13 in alphabetical order, the elevator motor 50 reverses to drive the rope winding shaft 51 to rotate, the elevator rope 52 is lengthened by 150 mm, the double-sided support plate 44 directly falls into the heating system stay space 42, and the wheel frame trolley 6 falls just below the A heating barrel 13, that is, returns to the starting point of the cycle operation. At this point, the heating system completes a closed loop.

[0083] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, and various examples do not constitute a limitation on the essential content of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning, characterized in that Here are the steps: (1) Divide the entire cross-sectional area of ​​the catalyst housing into a number of vertical or horizontal rows, and divide each vertical or horizontal row into a number of blocks or dozens or hundreds of blocks. Cycle and heat the blocks in these vertical or horizontal rows one by one; (2) Use a heating device to heat each block individually. When the catalyst cross-section is particularly large, it is divided into several large areas, each with a heating device to circulate heating of the blocks in each area. (3) The exhaust gas from the catalytic reaction is heated to a temperature suitable for instantaneous desorption of carbonates; the instantaneous desorption temperature is: 300-350°C when no hydrogen or steam is sprayed in the block, and 200-300°C when hydrogen or steam is sprayed in the block.

2. The method for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 1, characterized in that The heating device is an electric heating device or an electromagnetic heating device.

3. The method for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 2, characterized in that The blocks are heating barrels (13) that are surrounded by metal plates in a grid-like shape.

4. A system using the method of vertically heating catalyst partitions to prevent carbonate poisoning as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that It comprises at least one heating device which heats the blocks one by one in a cycle along a vertical cross section of a catalyst housing and the blocks in a vertical row or a horizontal row.

5. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 4, characterized in that The heating device is arranged on a track (2) above or below one side of the catalyst, and is connected to a heating barrel (3) which moves horizontally up and down and has open ends in the horizontal direction.

6. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 5, characterized in that The heating device comprises a gear or a power cam (5) driven by a motor (4) and a wheel frame trolley (6); the track (2) is a toothed track; the wheel frame trolley (6) is mounted on slide rails (7) on both sides of the track (2); a roller shaft (8) is arranged parallel to the track (2), and a roller (9) is provided on the roller shaft (8) and slides and rotates along the roller shaft (8), and the roller (9) is limited on the wheel frame trolley (6); a rope (10) on the roller (9) is suspended to connect a heating barrel (3) with a barrel opening corresponding to the catalyst block laterally.

7. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 6, characterized in that The power cam (5) is an elliptical gear.

8. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 7, characterized in that The heating barrel (3) is provided with a hydrogen tank (11) and a steam tank (12) which are connected to the heating barrel (3) through a gas pipe.

9. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 5, characterized in that The heating device comprises a gear or a power cam (5) and a wheel frame trolley (6) driven by a motor (4); the track (2) is a toothed track; the wheel frame trolley (6) is mounted on the slide rails (7) on both sides of the track (2); the heating barrel (3) is provided with a hydrogen tank (11) and a steam tank (12) through which an air pipe is passed into the heating barrel (3); a double elevator support plate (44) carries the toothed track (2), the slide rail (7) and the wheel frame trolley (6) falling on the toothed track (2) and the slide rail (7), and can rise and fall to solve the problem of vertical operation of circulating heating; the wheel frame trolley (6) can run horizontally on the toothed track (2) and the slide rail (7).

10. A method system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 9, characterized in that A skirt plate (45), a skirt plate bracket (46) and a skirt plate solenoid valve (47) are installed at one end of the heating barrel (3) corresponding to the heated barrel (13).

11. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 8, characterized in that Potassium pyroxene is added to the steam tank (12).

12. A system for vertically heating catalyst blocks to prevent carbonate poisoning according to claim 8, characterized in that The catalyst detoxification solvent is sprayed into the hydrogen tank (11) to achieve online regeneration of the poisoned catalyst.

Images