A CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for CNC lathe

Abstract

A CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a numerically controlled lathe comprises a lathe spindle, a CF axis mechanism, a brake mechanism and an encoder mechanism. The lathe spindle is provided with the CF axis mechanism, the brake mechanism and the encoder mechanism. The CF axis mechanism comprises an oil cylinder, a protective cover, a fixed seat and the motor. The oil cylinder, the protective cover and the motor are fixed on the fixed seat. A transmission shaft, a transmission gear and a reducer are arranged in the fixed seat. One end of the transmission shaft is connected to the reducer, the reducer is connected to the motor, the transmission gear is fixed on the transmission shaft, a toggle block and a guide shaft are arranged on the oil cylinder, the free end of the oil cylinder is connected to the guide shaft, and the toggle block is arranged outside the guide shaft. The device realizes the adjustment of the rotation speed of the lathe spindle by setting the CF axis mechanism, so that the whole device can adapt to different working modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of CF type servo interpolation axis spindles, and in particular to a CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a numerically controlled lathe. Background Art

[0002] As one of the important hardware in CNC lathes, the spindle is usually composed of bearings and transmission parts, which drives the workpiece to rotate. Conventional spindles can only be used as rotating axes to clamp the workpiece for rotation, and the tool cuts the workpiece in rotation. The traditional definition of CNC lathes and milling machines is that lathes are used to process rotating parts, and the turning tool cuts the product shape according to the generatrix of the rotating body, while milling machines use high-speed rotating milling cutters to cut the required shape and features on the blank. With the improvement of product production efficiency, the increase of CNC lathe process that can be processed and the saving of equipment investment costs, the composite processing capabilities of turning, milling, drilling, tapping, etc. of complex parts can be completed. High-efficiency, high-precision, low-failure, and easy-to-use CNC lathes are the future development trend. The functions realized by the spindle structure of the CNC lathe currently used are simple, and can only realize the tool rotating the workpiece, and the turning tool cuts the product shape according to the generatrix of the rotating body.

[0003] In order to realize the CNC lathe with the turning and milling compound function to complete the high-efficiency and high-precision compound processing capabilities of turning, milling, drilling, tapping, etc. of complex parts, the spindle needs to have the working ability of a servo axis, which can interpolate and process the contour curve with other feed axes, and realize a compound processing machine tool with multiple processing technologies such as turning, milling, drilling, tapping, etc. However, there is no corresponding lathe spindle on the market that has the above functions. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a CNC lathe, which realizes fast and accurate meshing of the driven gear plate and the transmission gear to change the rotation speed of the spindle. After the gears are engaged, the spindle rotation is converted from the spindle motor drive to the motor drive on the CF axis mechanism, so that the spindle can interpolate and process a contour curve together with other feed axes, thereby realizing the working conditions of the spindle turning, milling, drilling, tapping, threading and other processing processes.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides a CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a numerically controlled lathe, comprising:

[0007] A lathe spindle, a CF axis mechanism, a brake mechanism and an encoder mechanism, wherein the lathe spindle is provided with the CF axis mechanism, the brake mechanism and the encoder mechanism;

[0008] The CF axis mechanism comprises an oil cylinder, a protective cover, a fixing seat and the motor, wherein the oil cylinder, the protective cover and the motor are fixed on the fixing seat, a transmission shaft, a transmission gear and a reducer are arranged in the fixing seat, one end of the transmission shaft is connected to the reducer, the reducer is connected to the motor, and the transmission gear is fixed on the transmission shaft;

[0009] The oil cylinder is provided with a toggle block and a guide shaft, the free end of the oil cylinder is connected to the guide shaft, and the toggle block is provided outside the guide shaft.

[0010] Preferably, a toggle groove is provided on the transmission gear, and one end of the toggle block away from the guide shaft is arranged in the toggle groove but does not contact the transmission gear.

[0011] Preferably, the lathe spindle includes a spindle housing, a fixture, a synchronous belt driving pulley, a driven gear plate, a spindle groove pulley, a brake disc and a spindle. The spindle passes through the spindle housing and is fixed on the spindle housing. The fixture is provided at one end of the spindle housing. The spindle groove pulley, the driven gear plate and the synchronous belt driving pulley are fixed on the spindle. The brake disc is fixed at one end of the spindle away from the fixture.

[0012] Preferably, the brake mechanism comprises a brake outer frame, a brake bracket and a brake cylinder, the brake outer frame is fixed on the brake bracket, and the brake cylinder is fixed inside the brake outer frame.

[0013] Preferably, the encoder mechanism comprises an encoder, an encoder bracket, an encoder adjustment seat and an encoder driven wheel, the encoder is fixed on the encoder bracket, the encoder bracket is fixed on the encoder adjustment seat, and the encoder driven wheel is fixed on the encoder adjustment seat.

[0014] Preferably, the lower end of the fixing seat is open, and the transmission gear extends out of the lower end of the fixing seat.

[0015] Preferably, it also includes a rotary cylinder, which is fixed to one end of the main shaft away from the clamp.

[0016] Preferably, a pull rod is provided in the main shaft, one end of the pull rod is connected to the rotary cylinder, and the other end of the pull rod is connected to the clamp.

[0017] When the invention is working, the external motor drives the main shaft groove pulley to drive the main shaft to rotate. When the speed of the main shaft needs to be adjusted, the brake cylinder extends out, the brake cylinder clamps the brake disc, and the encoder detects the rotation of the synchronous belt driving pulley through the encoder transmission wheel, and then detects the rotation angle of the main shaft, indirectly provides the angle of the driven gear plate, and feeds back to the brake mechanism, the brake cylinder extends out of the brake frame, the brake cylinder clamps the brake disc, and realizes the precise positioning of the driven gear plate, and then the oil cylinder pushes the toggle block to move along the guide shaft, and the toggle block pushes the transmission gear to move along the transmission shaft direction, and the driven gear plate and the transmission gear are meshed, and at the same time the external motor loses power, and the motor of the CF axis mechanism drives the transmission gear to rotate, and then drives the main shaft to rotate, thereby realizing interpolation with other feed axes to process the contour curve.

[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0019] By setting the encoder mechanism, accurate positioning of the driven gear plate and accurate positioning of the angle are achieved, ensuring accurate matching between the driven gear plate and the transmission gear;

[0020] By setting the CF axis mechanism, the transmission gear can be moved left and right, and the driven gear and the transmission gear can be interpolated, so that the lathe spindle can complete different processing procedures. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the lathe spindle.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Front view of .

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the CF axis.

[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 sectional view of .

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the encoder mechanism.

[0027] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view is used to show the pull rod structure.

[0028] Figure 8 It is a partial schematic diagram of the brake mechanism.

[0029] In the figure, 1, lathe spindle; 11, spindle housing; 12, fixture; 13, synchronous belt driving pulley; 14, driven gear plate; 15, spindle groove pulley; 16, brake disc; 17, spindle; 18, pull rod;

[0030] 2. CF axis mechanism; 21. oil cylinder; 22. protective cover; 23. fixed seat; 24. motor; 211. toggle block; 212. guide shaft; 231. transmission shaft; 232. transmission gear; 233. reducer; 234. toggle slot;

[0031] 3. Brake mechanism; 31. Brake outer frame; 32. Brake bracket; 33. Brake cylinder;

[0032] 4. Encoder mechanism; 41. Encoder; 42. Encoder bracket; 43. Encoder adjustment seat; 44. Encoder driven wheel;

[0033] 5. Rotary cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the present invention, specific implementations of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the present invention provides a CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a CNC lathe, which realizes fast and accurate meshing of the driven gear plate 14 and the transmission gear 232 to change the rotation speed of the spindle 17. After the gears are engaged, the rotation of the spindle 17 is converted from the spindle motor drive to the motor 24 on the CF axis mechanism 2, so that the spindle 17 can interpolate and process a contour curve with other feed axes, thereby realizing the working conditions of the spindle 17 for various processing processes such as turning, milling, drilling, tapping, and threading.

[0036] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0037] The present invention provides a CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a numerically controlled lathe, comprising:

[0038] A lathe spindle 1, a CF axis mechanism 2, a brake mechanism 3 and an encoder mechanism 4, wherein the lathe spindle 1 is provided with the CF axis mechanism 2, the brake mechanism 3 and the encoder mechanism 4; by setting the lathe spindle 1, product processing is realized, by setting the CF axis mechanism 2, the back and forth fluctuation of the transmission gear 232 is realized, by setting the brake mechanism 3, timely braking of the driven gear plate 14 is realized, and by setting the encoder mechanism 4, precise positioning of the driven gear plate 14 is realized.

[0039] The CF axis mechanism 2 includes a cylinder 21, a protective cover 22, a fixed seat 23 and the motor 24. The cylinder 21, the protective cover 22 and the motor 24 are fixed on the fixed seat 23. The cylinder 21 is used to push the wave block to move along the guide shaft 212. The guide shaft 212 is used to guide the toggle block 211 to move along the guide shaft 212. The fixed seat 23 is provided with a transmission shaft 231, a transmission gear 232 and a reducer 233. One end of the transmission shaft 231 is connected to the reducer 2 33 is connected, the reducer 233 is connected to the motor 24, the transmission gear 232 is fixed on the transmission shaft 231, the motor 24 can drive the transmission shaft 231 to rotate, the transmission shaft 231 is used to drive the transmission gear 232 to rotate, and the toggle slot 234 is used to make way for the toggle block 211; the oil cylinder 21 is provided with a toggle block 211 and a guide shaft 212, the free end of the oil cylinder 21 is connected to the guide shaft 212, and the guide shaft 212 is provided with the toggle block 211 outside.

[0040] In this embodiment, a toggle slot 234 is disposed on the transmission gear 232 , and one end of the toggle block 211 away from the guide shaft 212 is disposed in the toggle slot 234 but does not contact the transmission gear 232 .

[0041] In this embodiment, the lathe spindle 1 includes a spindle housing 11, a fixture 12, a synchronous belt driving wheel 13, a driven gear plate 14, a spindle groove pulley 15, a brake disc 16 and a spindle 17. The spindle 17 passes through the spindle housing 11 and is fixed on the spindle housing 11. The fixture 12 is provided at one end of the spindle housing 11. The spindle groove pulley 17, the driven gear plate 14 and the synchronous belt driving wheel 13 are fixed on the spindle 17. The brake disc 16 is fixed on one end of the spindle 17 away from the fixture 12. The spindle housing 11 is used to fix the spindle 17. The fixture 12 It is used to clamp the turning tool, the spindle groove pulley 15 is used to drive the spindle 17 to rotate, the synchronous belt driving pulley 13 is used to cooperate with the encoder mechanism 4 to achieve precise positioning of the driven gear plate 14, the driven gear plate 14 is used to drive the spindle 17 to rotate after meshing with the transmission gear 232, and the brake disc 16 is used to brake the driven gear plate 14.

[0042] In this embodiment, the brake mechanism 3 includes a brake frame 31, a brake bracket 32 ​​and a brake cylinder 33. The brake frame 31 is fixed on the brake bracket 32, and the brake cylinder 33 is fixed in the brake frame 31. The brake bracket 32 ​​is used to support the brake frame 31, and the brake cylinder 33 is used to clamp the brake disc 16.

[0043] In this embodiment, the encoder mechanism 4 includes an encoder 41, an encoder bracket 42, an encoder adjustment seat 43 and an encoder driven wheel 44, the encoder 41 is fixed on the encoder bracket 42, the encoder 41 is used to detect the precise positioning of the driven gear plate 14, the encoder bracket 42 is fixed on the encoder adjustment seat 43, the encoder bracket 42 is used to support the encoder 41, the encoder driven wheel 44 is fixed on the encoder adjustment seat 43, the encoder driven wheel 44 is used to transmit indirectly to assist the encoder 41 in detecting the rotation speed and parking position of the driven gear plate 14.

[0044] In this embodiment, the lower end of the fixing seat 23 is open, and the transmission gear 232 extends out from the lower end of the fixing seat 23 so that the transmission gear 232 and the driven gear plate 14 can be meshed.

[0045] In this embodiment, a rotary cylinder 5 is further included. The rotary cylinder 5 is fixed to one end of the main shaft 17 away from the clamp 12 . The rotary cylinder 5 is used to drive the clamp 12 to move.

[0046] In this embodiment, a pull rod 18 is provided in the main shaft 17 , one end of the pull rod 18 is connected to the rotary cylinder 5 , and the other end is connected to the clamp 12 . The rotary cylinder 5 is used to pull the pull rod 18 , thereby realizing the clamping movement of the clamp 12 .

[0047] When the invention is working, the external motor 24 drives the main shaft groove pulley 15 to drive the main shaft 17 to rotate. When the speed of the main shaft 17 needs to be adjusted, the brake cylinder 33 extends out, and the brake cylinder 33 clamps the brake disc 16. The encoder 41 detects the rotation of the synchronous belt driving pulley 13 through the encoder 41 transmission wheel, and then detects the rotation angle of the main shaft 17, indirectly provides the angle of the driven gear plate 14, and feeds back to the brake mechanism 3. The brake cylinder 33 extends out of the brake outer frame 31, and the brake cylinder 33 clamps the brake disc 16 to achieve precise positioning of the driven gear plate 14. Then the oil cylinder 21 pushes the toggle block 211 to move along the guide shaft 212, and the toggle block 211 pushes the transmission gear 232 to move along the direction of the transmission shaft 231. The driven gear plate 14 and the transmission gear 232 are meshed. At the same time, the external motor 24 loses power. The motor 24 of the CF axis mechanism 2 drives the transmission gear 232 to rotate, and then drives the main shaft 17 to rotate, thereby realizing interpolation with other feed axes to process a contour curve.

[0048] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0049] By providing the encoder mechanism 4, accurate positioning of the driven gear plate 14 and accurate positioning of the angle are achieved, ensuring accurate matching between the driven gear plate 14 and the transmission gear 232;

[0050] By setting the CF axis mechanism 2, the transmission gear 232 can be moved left and right, and the driven gear and the transmission gear 232 can be interpolated, so that the lathe spindle 1 can complete different processing procedures.

[0051] The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a CNC lathe, characterized in that: include: A lathe spindle (1), a CF axis mechanism (2), a brake mechanism (3) and an encoder mechanism (4), wherein the lathe spindle (1) is provided with the CF axis mechanism (2), the brake mechanism (3) and the encoder mechanism (41); The CF axis mechanism (2) comprises an oil cylinder (21), a protective cover (22), a fixed seat (23) and a motor (24); the oil cylinder (21), the protective cover (22) and the motor (24) are fixed on the fixed seat (23); a transmission shaft (231), a transmission gear (232) and a reducer (233) are arranged in the fixed seat (23); one end of the transmission shaft (231) is connected to the reducer (233); the reducer (233) is connected to the motor (24); the transmission gear (232) and the reducer (233) are connected to the motor (24); (232) is fixed on the transmission shaft (231); a toggle block (211) and a guide shaft (212) are provided on the oil cylinder (21); the free end of the oil cylinder (21) is connected to the guide shaft (212), and the toggle block (211) is provided outside the guide shaft (212); a toggle groove (234) is provided on the transmission gear (232), and one end of the toggle block (211) away from the guide shaft (212) is provided in the toggle groove (234) but does not contact the transmission gear (232); It also includes a rotary cylinder (5), wherein the rotary cylinder (5) is fixed to one end of the main shaft (17) away from the clamp (12); The lathe spindle (1) comprises a spindle housing (11), a fixture (12), a synchronous belt driving wheel (13), a driven gear plate (14), a spindle groove type pulley (15), a brake disc (16) and a spindle (17); the spindle (17) passes through the spindle housing (11) and is fixed on the spindle housing (11); one end of the spindle housing (11) is provided with the fixture (12); the spindle groove type pulley (15), the driven gear plate (14) and the synchronous belt driving wheel (13) are fixed on the spindle (17); the brake disc (16) is fixed on one end of the spindle (17) away from the fixture (12); the brake disc (16) is used to brake the driven gear plate (14); The brake mechanism (3) comprises a brake outer frame (31), a brake bracket (32) and a brake cylinder (33), wherein the brake outer frame (31) is fixed on the brake bracket (32), and the brake cylinder (33) is fixed inside the brake outer frame (31); The encoder mechanism (4) is used for accurate positioning of the driven gear plate (14) and accurate positioning of the angle, thereby ensuring accurate matching between the driven gear plate (14) and the transmission gear (232); By providing the brake mechanism (3), timely braking of the driven gear plate (14) is achieved, and by cooperating with the encoder mechanism (4), precise positioning of the driven gear plate (14) is achieved.

2. The CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The encoder mechanism (4) comprises an encoder (41), an encoder bracket (42), an encoder adjustment seat (43) and an encoder driven wheel (44); the encoder (41) is fixed on the encoder bracket (42), the encoder bracket (42) is fixed on the encoder adjustment seat (43), and the encoder driven wheel (44) is fixed on the encoder adjustment seat (43).

3. The CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the fixing seat (23) is open, and the transmission gear (232) extends out from the lower end of the fixing seat (23).

4. The CF type servo interpolation axis spindle device for a CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pull rod (18) is provided inside the main shaft (17), one end of the pull rod (18) is connected to the rotary cylinder (5), and the other end is connected to the clamp (12).

Images