A ventilation system for a horizontal-driving and vertical-driving double-tunnel with a fan installed in the exhaust tunnel

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transverse-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan disposed in an exhaust tunnel. The double-tunnel includes two tunnels separated by a middle partition wall. The ventilation system includes a fan module for conducting the air paths of the two tunnels of the double-tunnel. One of the tunnels facing the suction port of the fan module is an intake tunnel, and the other tunnel facing the exhaust port of the fan module is an exhaust tunnel. The fan module includes at least one fan one and at least one fan two. The fan one and the fan two are disposed back to back in the exhaust tunnel, and their exhaust ports are respectively oriented towards the two end openings of the exhaust tunnel. The suction ports of the fan one and the fan two are both communicated with the intake tunnel through air ducts passing through the middle partition wall.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel ventilation, and particularly to a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in an exhaust tunnel. Background Art

[0002] With the modernization of China's transportation system, there are more and more highway and railway tunnels passing through mountains, underwater railway and highway tunnels crossing large rivers, and low-position subway (light rail) tunnels in urban underground spaces, etc. This has fundamentally changed people's transportation and logistics modes, and also fundamentally changed people's spatial concepts regarding cities and the distances between cities.

[0003] Currently, there are more and more tunnel projects, and the importance of the tunnel ventilation system as a life support system has become prominent with the increasing design length of the tunnel. The ventilation modes of highway tunnels can be divided into three basic modes: longitudinal, semi-transverse, and full-transverse, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. From the perspective of the fire prevention and smoke exhaust effects and the sanitation conditions inside the tunnel, the semi-transverse and full-transverse ventilation system solutions are more suitable. However, such solutions require the construction of a pilot tunnel parallel to the tunnel or the installation of air ducts on the tunnel dome as dedicated channels for supplying and / or exhausting air to the tunnel, resulting in higher costs in the aspects of construction, ventilation equipment, and operation management. The longitudinal ventilation scheme, although having lower costs in the construction link, has high ventilation operation energy consumption, and the length of the tunnel fire section is the same as the length of the tunnel, and the fire prevention and smoke exhaust effects are relatively poor.

[0004] In the past twenty years, the full-transverse and semi-transverse ventilation modes have gradually declined in the construction of highway tunnels, and the longitudinal ventilation system has become the mainstream mode of highway tunnel ventilation in China.

[0005] Reference Figure 1 , the jet fans 20 are installed in groups on the ceiling of the highway tunnel 10 in a distributed manner, one after another, for relay transportation, to promote the forward flow of the air inside the tunnel.

[0006] For the ventilation system of a highway double-tunnel, problems need to be studied and solved from the perspective of establishing an air pressure difference by combining the four openings of the double tunnels.

[0007] The ventilation system of highway tunnels, especially extra-long buried-depth highway tunnels, is a life support system for reducing the concentration of pollutants discharged by vehicles inside the tunnel and for implementing rescue in case of a fire, and its proportion in the investment of extra-long buried-depth tunnels reaches more than 1 / 3. In the past thirty years, the technical problems and technological problems of tunnel boring construction and rock surface anchoring construction have been successfully solved, and the problem of the tunnel ventilation system has become a technical focus and difficulty in the design of the highway system.

[0008] China is a mountainous country. The construction of highway tunnels, especially ultra-long buried tunnels, has just started and there is still a long way to go. Theoretical research and technological development on the ventilation system of highway tunnels to create new ventilation modes and reduce ventilation resistance to improve ventilation efficiency will provide basic technical support for the construction of China's high-speed transportation system. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a transverse-driving-longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan installed in the exhaust tunnel. The double-tunnel includes two tunnels separated by a middle partition wall. The ventilation system includes a fan module for conducting the air paths of the two tunnels of the double-tunnel. One tunnel facing the suction port of the fan module is the intake tunnel, and the other tunnel facing the exhaust port of the fan module is the exhaust tunnel;

[0010] The fan module includes at least one fan one and at least one fan two. The fan one and fan two are arranged back to back in the exhaust tunnel, and the exhaust ports are respectively facing the two end openings of the exhaust tunnel; the suction ports of the fan one and fan two are both communicated with the intake tunnel through air ducts passing through the middle partition wall.

[0011] Preferably, at least one ventilation duct for connecting the intake tunnel and the exhaust tunnel is provided on the middle partition wall, and the air ducts are arranged in the ventilation duct; the fan one and fan two are both installed on the ceiling of the dome of the exhaust tunnel.

[0012] Preferably, the fan module includes a number of the fan one and a number of the fan two arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust tunnel. A number of the fan one are sequentially and spacedly distributed between the middle part of the exhaust tunnel and one end opening, and a number of the fan two are sequentially and spacedly distributed between the middle part of the exhaust tunnel and the other end opening.

[0013] Preferably, a number of the fan one and fan two on both sides of the exhaust tunnel are symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed.

[0014] Preferably, the fan module further includes at least one fire-fighting fan for conducting the air paths of the two tunnels of the double-tunnel. The fire-fighting fan is installed on the middle partition wall and can rotate forward and backward.

[0015] Preferably, a fire-fighting passage for connecting the intake tunnel and the exhaust tunnel is provided on the middle partition wall, and the fire-fighting fan is installed in the fire-fighting passage.

[0016] Preferably, a damper one is provided on the air duct, and a damper two is provided on the fire-fighting passage. When a fire breaks out in the intake tunnel, the damper one is closed, the damper two is opened, and the fire-fighting fan is turned on to rotate backward.

[0017] Preferably, the fire passage is opened in the middle of the middle partition wall. The air inlets of the adjacent first fan and second fan in the middle of the exhaust tunnel are respectively connected to the first air duct and the second air duct, and both the first air duct and the second air duct are arranged on both sides of the fire passage.

[0018] Preferably, at least one of the first fans and / or at least one of the second fans is a variable-frequency fan.

[0019] Preferably, a kind of fan of the present invention is arranged in a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system of the exhaust tunnel, and is applied to a double-tunnel with a length not exceeding 6 km and a fresh air demand of less than 600 m³ / s.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0021] ① Effectively establish the pressure difference between the middle section of the tunnel and the tunnel entrance, and between the two tunnels

[0022] In the cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system of the exhaust tunnel with a kind of fan of the present invention, the transverse fan module establishes an air pressure difference between its own air outlet and air inlet, and between its own air outlet and air inlet and the tunnel entrance respectively to drive the air flow to move along the tunnel. At least two fans of the transverse fan module drive the air flow in the longitudinally slender tunnel, forming a long-snake array air flow pattern; due to the continuous throttling and stable constraint effects of the spatial constraint and resistance constraint of the huge wall surface of the longitudinally slender tunnel on the long-snake array air flow, at any vertical section of the tunnel outside the air inlet and outlet of the transverse fan module and singularities such as dynamic vehicles, the air flow velocities at the front, rear, upper and lower positions of this section are uniform, without significant air flow vortices, without significant mixing, friction and energy exchange between multiple multi-layer air flows with different speeds, presenting an air flow state of expanding parallel propulsion of the air interface in the tunnel;

[0023] In the cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system of the exhaust tunnel with a kind of fan of the present invention, a "dike-type" air pressure difference is established by using the middle partition wall to drive the air flow to move along the tunnel. At least two fans of the transverse fan module are arranged on the ceiling of the exhaust tunnel dome, and the air outlets respectively point to the two ends of the exhaust tunnel. When ventilating, the fans arranged in the exhaust tunnel shoot the air drawn from the intake tunnel in the forward direction from the midpoint of the tunnel to the two ends of the tunnel, effectively establishing the pressure difference between the middle section of the tunnel and the tunnel entrance, and between the two tunnels; and it has a strong anti-interference ability against the possible environmental atmospheric alternating pressure outside the tunnel entrance.

[0024] ② The ventilation resistance is reduced, and the tunnel operation energy consumption is greatly reduced

[0025] The traditional longitudinal ventilation system for tunnels can only drive the forward acceleration of the low-speed air flow in the main body by the mutual friction and diffusion penetration between the high-speed air jet generated by the jet fans on the tunnel dome and the low-speed air flow in the main tunnel body. This causes local resistance to the air flow in the tunnel at the suction inlet and the expansion at the outlet of the jet fans, generating a periodic longitudinal and transverse alternating velocity gradient field in the tunnel, resulting in an increase in the Reynolds number of the tunnel air flow and a severe local turbulent state, leading to resistance, friction, vortices, and mutual diffusion between air flow layers with different speeds. These phenomena are the fundamental reasons for the low efficiency of air flow transportation and should be avoided as much as possible during the fluid transportation process.

[0026] The present invention relates to a cross-driving longitudinal dual-tunnel ventilation system with a fan installed in the exhaust tunnel. The fan installed in the exhaust tunnel is used as the power to drive the air flow in the intake tunnel and the exhaust tunnel. The combined dynamic and static pressure driving mode is adopted to push the air flow to advance evenly in the entire cross-section of the tunnel, eliminating the resistance, friction, vortices, and mutual diffusion between air flow layers with different speeds, greatly saving the power for air flow transportation and significantly reducing the ventilation operation energy consumption of the traditional tunnel jet fan group by more than 2 / 3.

[0027] ③ Greatly reduce the capital investment in the tunnel ventilation system

[0028] The present invention relates to a cross-driving longitudinal dual-tunnel ventilation system with a fan installed in the exhaust tunnel. The tunnel is the air duct, and the tunnel openings are the air inlets and outlets, realizing the integration of the air duct and the tunnel. The present invention has better compatibility with future wide-section tunnels with more than three lanes in one direction.

[0029] The present invention relates to a cross-driving longitudinal dual-tunnel ventilation system with a fan installed in the exhaust tunnel, which is applied to dual-tunnel with a length not exceeding 6 km, a traffic volume near 24,000 Pcu / d (passenger car unit / day), and a fresh air demand of less than 600 m 3 / s. It does not require ventilation facilities such as vertical shafts, inclined shafts, and parallel adits, greatly saving more than 2 / 3 of the capital investment in the tunnel ventilation system.

[0030] ④ Shorten the length of the tunnel fire section by half

[0031] The present invention relates to a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in the exhaust tunnel. A transverse fan module is arranged on the "tunnel section" between the two ends of the tunnel openings (including the vertical shaft and inclined shaft openings), dividing the intake tunnels with air intake at both ends into two sections with relatively advancing airflows to form a parallel relationship of the intake air paths, and dividing the exhaust tunnels with air exhaust at both ends into two sections with airflows moving in opposite directions to form a parallel relationship of the exhaust air paths. If a fire occurs at any position in the exhaust tunnel, the smoke can be discharged through a path less than half of the "tunnel section between the two ends of the tunnel" to the opening; if a fire occurs at any position in the intake tunnel, the fire control system immediately shuts down all one-way fans and closes the air dampers, and all fans with forward and reverse functions (including the vertical shaft and inclined shaft fans) run in reverse to swap the functions of the intake tunnel and the exhaust tunnel, and the smoke can still be discharged through a path less than half of the "tunnel section" to the opening, thereby shortening the length of the "fire section" of the tunnel by half and reducing the smoke diffusion length by half when a fire occurs, which is very beneficial to disaster control and rescue.

[0032] The cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in the exhaust tunnel of the present invention is compatible with the existing tunnel ventilation design specifications, construction specifications, and detection specifications.

[0033] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present invention to achieve all the above-mentioned advantages simultaneously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a one-way tunnel with longitudinal ventilation using a jet fan;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in the exhaust tunnel provided by the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 Operating pressure distribution diagram of a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in the exhaust tunnel provided by the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in the exhaust tunnel and provided with a dedicated fire fan provided by the preferred embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5The structure and operating pressure distribution diagram of the ventilation system of a horizontally driven longitudinal double-hole tunnel provided by the preferred embodiment 3 of the present invention with an eccentrically arranged fan;

[0040] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a horizontally driven longitudinal double-hole tunnel ventilation system in which a plurality of fans having eccentrically arranged fans with adjustable motor power are provided for a preferred embodiment 4 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The invention discloses a ventilation system for a horizontally driven longitudinal double-hole tunnel in which a fan is arranged in an exhaust tunnel. The technical premise of the system is that the traffic wind generated by vehicles running in an ultra-long and deep tunnel under the current highway tunnel design specifications is actually very weak and difficult to utilize. The tunnel jet fan unit cannot establish a "dam-type" air pressure difference between its own outlet and inlet, and between the outlet and the tunnel entrance to drive the airflow forward. The main low-speed airflow can only be driven forward and accelerated by the mutual friction, mutual diffusion and penetration of the high-speed gas jet accounting for about 1 / 10 produced by the fan and the main low-speed airflow accounting for about 9 / 10 in the tunnel, which greatly reduces the energy efficiency of the airflow relay transmission inside the tunnel.

[0042] The technical core of the ventilation system of a longitudinal double-hole tunnel with a fan arranged in an exhaust tunnel of the present invention is a fan module for conducting the air paths of the two tunnels of the double-hole tunnel between two single-hole tunnels separated by a middle partition wall. In engineering, the longer direction is generally the longitudinal direction and the shorter direction is the transverse direction. Therefore, in the present invention, the length direction of the double-hole tunnel is longer, which is the longitudinal direction, and the width direction is shorter, which is the transverse direction. Therefore, the setting direction of the fan module including the air duct is the transverse direction. The transverse fan module includes at least two fans, which are arranged in the same single-hole tunnel with their backs facing each other, and the exhaust ports of the two fans are respectively facing the two end openings of the tunnel. In the present invention, one tunnel of the double-hole tunnel is used for exhaust and the other tunnel is used for air intake. The tunnel facing the air intake port of the fan module is the air intake tunnel, and the other tunnel facing the air intake port of the fan module is the exhaust tunnel. The fan is arranged in the exhaust tunnel, and the air intake port of the fan is connected to the air intake tunnel through the air duct through the middle partition wall. The present invention utilizes the "dam" effect of the middle partition wall and the exhaust effect of the transverse fan module to draw negative pressure from the tunnel facing the air intake port of the induced draft duct to establish a pressure difference between the two openings of the tunnel and the air intake port of the fan induced draft duct, so that fresh air from the two openings of the negative pressure tunnel is continuously replenished along the longitudinal tunnel (the negative pressure tunnel is also called the air inlet tunnel), and the tunnel where the fan is located is pressurized to become a positive pressure tunnel to establish a pressure difference between the fan exhaust port and the tunnel opening, so that the polluted air is discharged from the two openings along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel (the positive pressure tunnel is also called the exhaust tunnel), and implements a "horizontal driving vertical" ventilation mode in which the transverse fan module drives the longitudinal tunnel airflow; a "dam-like" air pressure difference is established between the outlet and the inlet of the transverse fan module itself, and the airflow is driven to move longitudinally along the tunnel with this pressure difference.

[0043] The present invention relates to a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in an exhaust tunnel. Using the middle partition wall of the double tunnels as a "dam" to block the backflow of ventilation airflows, under the drive of the transverse fan module, a stepped air pressure difference distribution is respectively established in the two tunnels of the exhaust tunnel and the intake tunnel, with a large pressure difference in the middle and small pressure differences at both ends. A negative-pressure tunnel for introducing fresh air and a positive-pressure tunnel for discharging polluted air are constructed relative to the ambient atmospheric pressure; fresh air is inhaled from the two end openings of the negative-pressure tunnel and flows towards the middle of the tunnel. This negative-pressure tunnel serves as the intake tunnel of the double-tunnel ventilation system; under the action of the pressure difference between the two end openings of the negative-pressure tunnel and the suction inlet of the middle fan module of the negative-pressure tunnel, the fresh air flow flows from the two end openings of the negative-pressure intake tunnel towards the middle, is inhaled and pressurized after passing through the suction inlet of the transverse fan module in the intake tunnel, and then is sent to the positive-pressure tunnel on the other side of the middle partition wall. This positive-pressure tunnel is the exhaust tunnel of the double-tunnel ventilation system; in the exhaust tunnel, under the action of the pressure difference between the middle of the positive-pressure tunnel and the two end openings of the tunnel, the ventilation airflows start to move from the middle section of the tunnel towards the two end openings of the tunnel, and finally are discharged as polluted air from the two end openings of the exhaust tunnel.

[0044] The following will describe in detail a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in an exhaust tunnel provided by the present invention. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation manners and specific operation processes are given. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Those skilled in the art can modify and polish it without changing the spirit and content of the present invention.

[0045] Embodiment 1

[0046] In this embodiment, a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in an exhaust tunnel has the technical premise that, under the current highway tunnel design specifications, the traffic wind generated by vehicle driving in ultra-long buried tunnels is actually very weak and difficult to utilize; the tunnel jet fan group cannot establish a "dam-type" air pressure difference between its own outlet and inlet, or between the inlet and outlet and the tunnel openings to drive the airflows forward. It can only drive the main low-speed airflows to accelerate forward by the mutual friction and diffusion penetration of the high-speed gas jets accounting for about 1 / 10 produced by the fans and the main low-speed airflows accounting for about 9 / 10 in the tunnel, which greatly reduces the energy efficiency of the internal airflow relay transportation in the tunnel.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 2, the double - hole tunnel 1 includes two single - hole tunnels separated by a middle partition wall 102, and a fan module for connecting the two tunnel air paths of the double - hole tunnel 1 is provided between the two single - hole tunnels. In engineering, generally, the longer direction is the longitudinal direction and the shorter direction is the transverse direction. Therefore, in the present invention, the length direction of the double - hole tunnel 1 is longer and is the longitudinal direction, and the width direction is shorter and is the transverse direction. Therefore, the installation direction of the fan module including the air intake pipe is the transverse direction. One tunnel facing the air intake of the fan module is the intake tunnel 103, and the other tunnel facing the air outlet of the fan module is the exhaust tunnel 101.

[0048] In this embodiment, by using the "dam" function of the middle partition wall 102 and the pumping and discharging function of the fan module, the tunnel facing the air intake of the air intake pipe of the fan is pumped into a negative pressure, establishing a pressure difference between the two ends of the tunnel and the air intake of the air intake pipe of the fan, so that the fresh air at the two ends of the negative - pressure tunnel continuously replenishes along the longitudinal tunnel (the negative - pressure tunnel is also called the intake tunnel), increasing the pressure of the tunnel where the fan is located to a positive - pressure tunnel, establishing a pressure difference between the air outlet of the fan and the two ends of the tunnel, so that the polluted air is discharged longitudinally from the two ends of the tunnel (the positive - pressure tunnel is also called the exhaust tunnel), implementing a "driving the longitudinal airflow with the transverse" ventilation mode in which the transversely installed fan module drives the airflow in the longitudinal tunnel; a "dam - type" air pressure difference is established between the air outlet and the air intake of the transversely installed fan module itself, and the airflow is driven to move longitudinally along the tunnel by this pressure difference.

[0049] In this embodiment, a double - hole tunnel ventilation system with a fan installed in the exhaust tunnel and driving the longitudinal airflow with the transverse direction uses the middle partition wall 102 in the double - hole tunnel 1 as a "dam" to block the backflow of the ventilation airflow. Driven by the transversely installed fan module, a stepped air pressure difference distribution is established in the two tunnels, with a large pressure difference in the middle and a small pressure difference at both ends, constructing a negative - pressure tunnel for introducing fresh air and a positive - pressure tunnel for discharging polluted air relative to the ambient atmospheric pressure; fresh air is inhaled from the two ends of the negative - pressure tunnel and flows towards the middle of the tunnel. This negative - pressure tunnel serves as the intake tunnel of the double - hole tunnel ventilation system; under the action of the pressure difference between the two ends of the negative - pressure tunnel and the air intake of the fan module at the mid - point of the negative - pressure tunnel, the fresh - air flow moves from the two ends of the negative - pressure intake tunnel towards the middle, is inhaled and pressurized through the air intake of the transverse fan module in the intake tunnel, and then sent to the positive - pressure tunnel on the other side of the middle partition wall 102. This positive - pressure tunnel is the exhaust tunnel of the double - hole tunnel ventilation system; in the exhaust tunnel, under the action of the pressure difference between the mid - point of the positive - pressure tunnel and the two ends of the tunnel, the ventilation airflow starts from the middle of the tunnel and moves towards the two ends of the tunnel, and finally is discharged as polluted air from the two ends of the exhaust tunnel.

[0050] In this embodiment, the horizontally arranged fan module includes at least one fan one and at least one fan two. The fan one and the fan two are arranged back to back in the exhaust tunnel 101, and the air outlets are respectively directed towards the two openings at both ends of the exhaust tunnel 101. The air inlets of the fan one and the fan two are both communicated with the intake tunnel 103 through air ducts passing through the middle partition wall 102.

[0051] Specifically, at least one ventilation duct for communicating the intake tunnel 103 and the exhaust tunnel 101 is provided on the middle partition wall 102, and the air ducts are arranged in the ventilation duct. The fan one and the fan two are both suspended and installed on the dome of the exhaust tunnel 101.

[0052] In this embodiment, the fan module includes a plurality of the fan one and a plurality of the fan two arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust tunnel 101. The plurality of the fan one are sequentially and spacedly distributed between the middle part and one opening of the exhaust tunnel 101, and the plurality of the fan two are sequentially and spacedly distributed between the middle part and the other opening of the exhaust tunnel 101. The number of the fan one and the fan two in this embodiment is not limited and can be set according to the actual length of the tunnel. The plurality of the fan one and the fan two on both sides of the exhaust tunnel 101 can be symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed, and can be specifically set according to the fresh air volume requirements of specific sections in the exhaust tunnel 101.

[0053] As an embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 , a cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan provided in an exhaust tunnel provided in this embodiment includes three fan ones and three fan twos. In this embodiment, the fan module is horizontally arranged, and these three fan ones and three fan twos are longitudinally symmetrically distributed along the length direction of the exhaust tunnel 101. From left to right, they are fan one 2, fan one 3, fan one 4, fan two 5, fan two 6, and fan two 7. The fan one 2, fan one 3, and fan one 4 are spacedly arranged on the left side of the exhaust tunnel 101, and the air outlets are in the same direction, all directed towards the left opening of the exhaust tunnel 101. The fan two 5, fan two 6, and fan two 7 are spacedly arranged on the right side of the exhaust tunnel 101, and the air outlets are in the same direction, all directed towards the right opening of the exhaust tunnel 101.

[0054] In order to reduce the number of openings in the middle partition wall 102, five ventilation ducts for connecting the intake air tunnel 103 and the exhaust air tunnel 101 are provided on the middle partition wall 102. From left to right, they are the 1# ventilation duct 1021, the 2# ventilation duct 1022, the 3# ventilation duct 1023, the 4# ventilation duct 1024, and the 5# ventilation duct 1025. An air duct one is arranged in the 1# ventilation duct 1021 and connected to the suction port of the first fan 2; an air duct two is arranged in the 2# ventilation duct 1022 and connected to the suction port of the first fan 3; an air duct three is arranged in the 3# ventilation duct 1023 and connected to the suction port of the first fan 4, and an air duct four is arranged in the 3# ventilation duct 1023 and connected to the suction port of the second fan 5, that is, the first fan 4 and the second fan 5 share the 3# ventilation duct 1023; an air duct five is arranged in the 4# ventilation duct 1024 and connected to the suction port of the second fan 6; an air duct six is arranged in the 5# ventilation duct 1025 and connected to the suction port of the second fan 7.

[0055] As Figure 3 shown, the middle part of the figure is a schematic layout structure of the double - hole tunnel and the transverse fan module on the middle partition wall 102. This fan module includes 6 fans, and the power of each fan is different but the air volume is the same; in this embodiment, the intake air tunnel 103 and the exhaust air tunnel 101 are equally divided into 6 ventilation segments by the fan module.

[0056] Figure 3 The lower part is the air pressure distribution of the intake air tunnel 103. Taking the atmospheric pressure outside the tunnel entrance as zero, each point in the intake air tunnel 103 is in negative pressure, and the pressure at the mid - point position is the lowest; the broken line symmetrically distributed about the tunnel mid - point composed of dots reflects the air pressure distribution of the intake air tunnel 103; the left and right two tunnel entrances of the intake air tunnel 103 intake air symmetrically, and the fresh air is partially inhaled by 6 transverse fans during the tunnel journey, implementing "partial air flow short - circuit near the entrance". The wind speed and air volume of the cross - sectional areas of the 3 symmetrical ventilation segments on both sides decrease gradually. Because the tunnel ventilation resistance is proportional to the square of the wind speed, the air pressure drops of the 3 ventilation segments symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel mid - point also decrease rapidly. From the two tunnel entrances to the mid - point, they are ΔP, 4 / 9ΔP, 1 / 9ΔP respectively. The air pressure lines of the 6 ventilation segments of the intake air tunnel 103 are connected into a symmetric and gentle broken line segment;

[0057] Figure 3The upper part shows the air pressure distribution in the exhaust tunnel 101. Taking the atmospheric pressure outside the tunnel entrance as zero, each point in the exhaust tunnel 101 has a positive pressure, and the pressure is the highest at the midpoint position. The broken line composed of dots and symmetrically distributed about the midpoint of the tunnel reflects the air pressure distribution in the exhaust tunnel 101. The two openings on the left and right of the exhaust tunnel 101 exhaust air symmetrically. The airflows merge into the airflows discharged by each transverse fan in sequence during the movement in the tunnel. The air velocity and air volume of the three symmetric ventilation sections on both sides increase gradually from the inside to the outside, implementing "partial airflow short-circuit near the openings". Since the ventilation resistance of the tunnel is proportional to the square of the air velocity, the air pressure drops of the three ventilation sections symmetrically distributed on both sides of the tunnel midpoint also increase correspondingly and accelerate. From the midpoint to the two tunnel openings at both ends, they are 1 / 9⊿P, 4 / 9⊿P, and ⊿P respectively. The airflow pressure lines of the six ventilation sections in the exhaust tunnel 101 are connected into a symmetric and gentle broken line segment;

[0058] In this embodiment, some of the fresh airflows near the two openings at both ends of the intake tunnel 103 are boosted by the transverse fans near the openings of the intake tunnel 103 and then input into the exhaust tunnel 101 nearby to dilute the concentration of harmful components in the air at the end of the exhaust tunnel 101 and improve the air quality at the end of the exhaust tunnel 101. Moreover, the injection positions of this part of the fresh airflows in the exhaust tunnel 101 are also close to the two openings at both ends of the exhaust tunnel 101, greatly reducing the path length of this part of the ventilation airflows, thereby reducing the air velocity, air volume, and operating resistance in the middle and the middle and outer tunnel sections of the intake tunnel 103 and the exhaust tunnel 101.

[0059] Embodiment 2

[0060] The basic principle of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1. Both utilize the "dam" effect of the middle partition wall in the double-hole tunnel and the pumping and exhausting effect of the transverse fan module to create a negative pressure in the tunnel opposite to the suction opening of the fan duct, establishing a pressure difference between the two openings of the tunnel and the suction inlet of the fan duct so that the fresh air at the two openings of the negative pressure tunnel continuously replenishes along this longitudinal tunnel, and boosting the tunnel where the fan is located into a positive pressure tunnel to establish a pressure difference between the fan exhaust opening and the tunnel opening so that the dirty air is discharged from the two openings along this longitudinal tunnel, implementing the "driving the longitudinal by the transverse" ventilation mode of the transverse fan module driving the longitudinal tunnel airflow; establishing a "dam-type" air pressure difference between the exhaust opening and the intake opening of the transverse fan module itself and between the intake and exhaust openings and the tunnel opening, and driving the airflow to move along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel with this pressure difference;

[0061] The difference in this embodiment is that a dedicated fire-fighting fan 8 is set between the fan one 4 and the fan two 5 at the midpoint of the double-hole tunnel 1. The fire-fighting fan 8 has a forward and reverse rotation function and can change the positioning of the "intake tunnel 103" and the "exhaust tunnel 101", as Figure 4 shown.

[0062] In this embodiment, a fire passage for connecting the intake tunnel 103 and the exhaust tunnel 101 is provided on the middle partition wall 102, and the fire fan 8 is arranged in the fire passage. In order to reduce the opening on the middle partition wall 102, the fire passage in this embodiment shares the ventilation duct of the fan module. In this embodiment, the fire fan 8 is arranged in the middle of the middle partition wall 102 and in the 3# ventilation duct 1023.

[0063] If a fire breaks out at any position in the exhaust tunnel, in a transverse-to-longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in the exhaust tunnel in this embodiment, the smoke can be discharged through a path less than half of the "tunnel section between the two ends of the tunnel" to the tunnel opening.

[0064] If a fire breaks out at any position in the intake tunnel, according to the smoke signal collected by the sensor, the fire control system in this embodiment immediately stops the operation of all fan modules and closes the air damper on the air intake pipe, and at the same time starts the dedicated fire fan 8 and runs it in reverse, swapping the functions of the originally set intake tunnel and exhaust tunnel. It can still discharge the smoke from the fire in the originally set "intake tunnel" through a path less than half of the "tunnel section", thereby shortening the length of the "fire section" of the tunnel by half and reducing the diffusion length of the smoke during the fire by half, which is very beneficial for disaster control and rescue.

[0065] Embodiment 3

[0066] This embodiment has the same basic principle as Embodiments 1 and 2. It utilizes the "dam" effect of the middle partition wall in the double-tunnel and the pumping effect of the transverse fan module to create a negative pressure in the tunnel opposite to the air intake of the fan's air intake pipe, establishing a pressure difference between the two ends of the tunnel and the air intake of the fan's air intake pipe, so that the fresh air at both ends of the tunnel continuously replenishes along this longitudinal tunnel. The tunnel where the fan is located is pressurized to a positive pressure tunnel, establishing a pressure difference between the fan's air outlet and the tunnel openings, and discharging the dirty air along this longitudinal tunnel to both ends of the tunnel, implementing a "transverse-to-longitudinal" ventilation mode of driving the longitudinal tunnel air flow by the transverse fan module; establishing a "dam-type" air pressure difference between the air outlet and air intake of the transverse fan module itself, and between the air intake and air outlet and the tunnel openings, and driving the air flow to move along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel with this pressure difference.

[0067] The difference in this embodiment is that multiple fans (multiple fans include multiple fan ones and multiple fan twos) are eccentrically designed, that is, the multiple fans are not evenly distributed or symmetrically distributed on the middle partition wall 102 of the double-tunnel 1 but are biased towards one exhaust tunnel opening to increase the air flow power for this side exhaust tunnel opening.

[0068] For example, when the majority of vehicles passing through the tunnel are not small or medium-sized vehicles, but large vehicles, especially heavy flat-head vehicles, and the traffic volume is large, the influence of vehicle traffic wind (piston wind) is no longer weak, which inhibits the tunnel ventilation airflow in the opposite direction of the traffic wind, and creates great pressure on the tunnel exhaust facing the ambient atmosphere at the right end of the left-hand tunnel, or when the right end of the left-hand tunnel exhaust tunnel is suppressed by strong atmospheric wind pressure all year round and is difficult to exhaust normally to the ambient atmosphere, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, multiple fans are designed to be eccentric to the right, increasing the dynamic and static pressure heads against the right end opening of the left-hand tunnel, thereby improving the exhaust effect of the polluted air in the right section of the left-hand tunnel.

[0069] Example 4

[0070] The present embodiment has the same basic principle as Embodiments 1, 2 and 3, which all utilize the "dam" effect of the partition wall in the double-hole tunnel and the exhaust effect of the transverse fan module, and draw the tunnel facing the air intake of the fan duct into a negative pressure, establish a pressure difference between the tunnel openings at both ends of the tunnel and the air intake of the fan duct, so that fresh air is continuously replenished in the tunnel openings at both ends of the negative pressure tunnel along the longitudinal tunnel, and the tunnel where the fan is located is pressurized into a positive pressure tunnel, and a pressure difference is established between the fan exhaust port and the tunnel opening, so that the polluted air is discharged from the two openings along the longitudinal tunnel, and a "horizontal driving vertical" ventilation mode is implemented in which the transverse fan module drives the longitudinal tunnel airflow; a "dam-like" air pressure difference is established between the exhaust port and the air inlet of the transverse fan module itself, and between the exhaust port of the air inlet and the tunnel opening, and the airflow is driven to move longitudinally along the tunnel by this pressure difference.

[0071] The difference of this embodiment is that the motor power of multiple fans (the multiple fans include multiple fans one and multiple fans two) can be adjusted, and the tunnel ventilation power can operate eccentrically, that is, the air volume and pressure of the fan can be adjusted to increase the airflow power for the exhaust tunnel on one side.

[0072] For example, when the majority of vehicles passing through the tunnel are not small or medium-sized vehicles, but large vehicles, especially heavy flat-head vehicles, and the traffic volume is large, the influence of vehicle traffic wind (piston wind) is no longer weak, which inhibits the tunnel ventilation airflow in the opposite direction of the traffic wind, and creates great pressure on the tunnel exhaust facing the ambient atmosphere at the right end of the left-hand tunnel, or when the right end of the left-hand tunnel exhaust tunnel is suppressed by strong atmospheric wind pressure all year round and is difficult to exhaust normally to the ambient atmosphere, such as Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the motor power of the fan set in the right section of the left tunnel is increased, and the air volume and air pressure are increased. The tunnel ventilation power runs eccentrically to the right section of the left tunnel, increasing the dynamic pressure head for the right end opening of the left tunnel. The power of fan 25, fan 26, and fan 27 is increased to increase the dynamic pressure head ⊿p in the tunnel respectively. ， , ⊿p ，， , ⊿p ，，， , thereby improving the exhaust effect of polluted air in the right section of the left-hand tunnel.

Claims

1. A cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan installed in an exhaust tunnel, the double-tunnel comprising two tunnels separated by a middle partition wall, characterized in that, The ventilation system includes a fan module for connecting the air paths of the two tunnels of the double - hole tunnel. One tunnel facing the suction port of the fan module is the intake tunnel, and the other tunnel facing the exhaust port of the fan module is the exhaust tunnel; The fan module includes a number of Fan One and a number of Fan Two arranged at intervals along the length direction of the exhaust tunnel. Fan One and Fan Two are arranged back - to - back in the exhaust tunnel, and their exhaust ports are respectively directed towards the two end openings of the exhaust tunnel; the suction ports of Fan One and Fan Two are both connected to the intake tunnel through air ducts passing through the middle partition wall; A number of the above - mentioned Fan One are sequentially and spacedly distributed from the middle of the exhaust tunnel to one end opening, and a number of the above - mentioned Fan Two are sequentially and spacedly distributed from the middle of the exhaust tunnel to the other end opening; The fan module further includes at least one fire - fighting fan for connecting the air paths of the two tunnels of the double - hole tunnel. The fire - fighting fan is arranged on the middle partition wall and can rotate forward and backward.

2. The cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in the exhaust tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein At least one air duct for connecting the intake tunnel and the exhaust tunnel is arranged on the middle partition wall; the air ducts are arranged in the air duct; both Fan One and Fan Two are suspended and installed on the dome of the exhaust tunnel.

3. A transverse-driving-longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan disposed in an exhaust tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein A number of the above - mentioned Fan One and Fan Two on both sides of the exhaust tunnel are symmetrically or asymmetrically distributed.

4. The cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in an exhaust tunnel as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A fire - fighting passage for connecting the intake tunnel and the exhaust tunnel is arranged on the middle partition wall, and the fire - fighting fan is arranged in the fire - fighting passage.

5. The cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan disposed in an exhaust tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that A damper One is arranged on the air duct, and a damper Two is arranged on the fire - fighting passage. When a fire breaks out in the intake tunnel, the damper One closes, the damper Two opens, and the fire - fighting fan is turned on to rotate backward.

6. The cross-driving and longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan arranged in an exhaust tunnel as claimed in claim 4, wherein The fire - fighting passage is opened in the middle of the middle partition wall. The suction ports of adjacent Fan One and Fan Two in the middle of the exhaust tunnel are respectively connected to Air Duct One and Air Duct Two, and both Air Duct One and Air Duct Two are arranged on both sides of the fire - fighting passage.

7. The cross-driving longitudinal double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan disposed in an exhaust tunnel as described in claim 1, wherein At least one of the above - mentioned Fan One or / and at least one of the above - mentioned Fan Two is a variable - frequency fan.

8. A transverse-driving and longitudinal-ventilating double-tunnel ventilation system with a fan disposed in an exhaust tunnel as claimed in claim 1, wherein, It is applied to double - hole tunnels with a length not exceeding 6 km and a fresh - air demand of less than 600 m³ / s.

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